tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-82930118897703481922024-03-13T00:53:35.095+00:00IPP Prisoners Familys CampaignJustice for Ipp Prisonerskatherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.comBlogger441125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-53480621510772681962023-12-01T12:12:00.005+00:002024-01-02T12:19:06.964+00:00Licence period terminated earlier as part of new reforms.<p style="text-align: left;"> </p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 22.8267px;"><span style="font-size: 21.3333px;">Published 28 November 2023</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 22.8267px;">Reforms bring hope to rehabilitated people still serving abolished indefinite sentences. Thousands of rehabilitated ex-prisoners serving long-since abolished indefinite sentences will become eligible to have their licence period terminated earlier as part of new reforms.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></h2><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">more than 1,800 people could see unjust, long-served sentences end by March 2025<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">reduces numbers still on licence despite being rehabilitated, long after the end of their original sentence<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">only those living safely in the community are eligible<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">Offenders released from prison on licence while serving Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentences currently have to wait a minimum of 10 years before they can have their licence reviewed by the Parole Board.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">The new changes will mean IPP offenders serving their sentence in the community are referred for review 3 years after their first release.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">IPP sentences were introduced in 2005, designed to prevent offenders who were considered dangerous from being released even though the offence did not merit a life sentence. There is broad consensus against the IPP sentence and the policy was scrapped in 2012 due to the inconsistent and more frequent application of these sentences than was intended.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">If a licence is not terminated at the three-year mark by the Parole Board, it will automatically terminate after a further two years if the offender is not recalled to prison in that time. This is the first time these offenders will have a defined ‘end date’ to their sentence.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">Lord Chancellor and Justice Secretary, Alex Chalk KC, said: <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">We are taking decisive action to curtail IPP licence periods to give rehabilitated people the opportunity to move on with their lives, while continuing to make sure the public are protected from the most serious offenders.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">This is a major step towards wiping away the stain of IPP sentences from our justice system, without compromising public protection.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">The changes will be applied retrospectively, meaning licences will immediately end for around 1,800 rehabilitated offenders once the legislation comes into force. Offenders who have been recalled to prison or taken into secure hospitals will not be eligible.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">The government has amended its Victims and Prisoners Bill to make these changes which will accelerate the process of reducing the number of people bound by IPP sentences.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">Around 800 will become newly eligible for Parole Board consideration by March 2025. The new legislation will also introduce a presumption that the Parole Board will terminate the licence unless it is still required to protect the public to give offenders the best opportunity to move on from their sentence.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">Since IPP sentences were scrapped in 2012, the number of unreleased IPP prisoners has been reduced by three-quarters and those in custody are being supported to progress towards release through the government’s refreshed IPP Action Plan.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;">The legislation is expected to come into force 2 months after the Bill receives Royal Assent.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Published 28 November 2023</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 22.8267px;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;"> </span> <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/reforms-bring-hope-to-rehabilitated-people-still-serving-abolished-indefinite-sentences?fbclid=IwAR0Kdze3TpPYXn8UL_xFB1YDe7GnxdQfWsSnocpw2qKN8Aqhh2tA5hbYx7M">Reforms bring hope to rehabilitated people still serving abolished indefinite sentences - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)</a> </p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.12px;"><br /></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><br /></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibPcebXWYPKbcGx86Dd3iI3U38iRrIhSEK2tDIkmFLAF3vICSjlK_XgI6ip_SKIg89sJkxIIr4wOtGNb_PCrabIHf6VE_Qv1A_4s25ND2b1E-pLNAWh2QAT-Yqkjz8K6zRXaq-bcjc0XTAzRMC8IzXo8vCSPK7hSIi-oPH86qJKG4GL0eEMEXctsWZ9f2V/s320/5b96206b52b01f535c298e2328d9d192.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="226" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibPcebXWYPKbcGx86Dd3iI3U38iRrIhSEK2tDIkmFLAF3vICSjlK_XgI6ip_SKIg89sJkxIIr4wOtGNb_PCrabIHf6VE_Qv1A_4s25ND2b1E-pLNAWh2QAT-Yqkjz8K6zRXaq-bcjc0XTAzRMC8IzXo8vCSPK7hSIi-oPH86qJKG4GL0eEMEXctsWZ9f2V/w291-h320/5b96206b52b01f535c298e2328d9d192.jpg" width="291" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><b>Parole Board letter.</b></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><br /></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">Dear Martin Jones</span></p>
<p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">Just wanting
to touch base with you on the changes now being instigated by the executive,
which are of course extremely welcomed?</span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><br /></span></p>
<p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">I have had a
number of calls from family members telling me that their loved ones’ were in
tears on the phone when they were told the revision from 10 years to 3 years,
with an absolute termination of 5.
So many in custody that have had positive release decisions are asking
whether their licence will be terminated once they are released.</span></p>
<p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><br /></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">I am sure
that you are undoubtedly very busy trying to work out some sort of schedule for
the licence reviews to be done but I would be grateful if you could clarify a
couple of questions which I am now being asked on a regular basis.</span></p>
<p class="yiv6053469842gmail-MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">1)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif">IPPs
who’s initial release date was over 5 years ago and who are currently in the
community, will their licence now be terminated without the need for a licence
review?</span></p>
<p class="yiv6053469842gmail-MsoListParagraphCxSpLast"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">2)<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><span face="Arial, sans-serif">Those
who are currently in custody on recall, who have an initial release date of
over 5 years ago, once they get a positive release decision will their licence
be terminated upon release?</span></p>
<p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">The final
question is when will these changes be implement?</span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><br /></span></p>
<p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">We are of
course still concerned about those that as of yet have not been successful at
getting a positive release decision as these changes do not help those who have
yet not managed to meet the high bar needed to obtain release. </span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><br /></span></p>
<p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">Many thanks
for your time</span></p>
<p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><br /></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">Yours sincerely</span></p>
<p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">Mr J. Owen</span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><br /></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">................................................................................................................................</span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">To: Martin
Jones <br /></span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">
Subject: Re: IPP review procedure clarification</span></h3><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Thank you jez,<br />
just whats required, clarification.<br />
<br />
my apologies foR not always being able to get back each time sooner I have three
long-running cases on the go. i thought i would mention my current legal case
as it could support inmates<br />
<br />
My current case is a civil matter, you can’t get legal aid for a civil matter
unless you are willing to pay yourself however i found a way around, you may of
heard about the Exceptional funding cases i didnt t until searched and i
applied<br />
<br />
There is the document to fill. In the beginning, I decided to fill them in
myself, but I realized they didn't have a system where they could check your
application was correctly filled in even though they said they would on the
phone.<br />
I have applied to legal aid under Dyslexia as this comes under communications
and of course, an advocate who the legal aid 3rd part y solicitor who fills in
the forms, free, which in my case they did. I am now awaiting a decision.<br />
<br />
i read you can apply for exceptional circumstances for many different reasons,
believe it's a learning disability this could be reading and writing, ADHD,
autism, mental health, emotional difficulties, etc anything that affects
communication.<br />
Although you might be capable of doing the case yourself if you had the
resources, you might be in a situation that means you can’t access what you
need to do the case. You might be in prison, or in another country where you
don’t have access to the information you need. even open to IPP prisoners. a
case might be so complicated that you still can’t do it on your own.<br />
<br />
This is most likely to be the case if the case involves a reading difficulty.
legal issue that any untrained person couldn’t realistically handle themselves.<br />
iPhone asked for reasonable adjustments to fill in the forms for the
exceptional funding legail aid 3rd party firm does it on the phone or by video
link and sends it back to you to send to legal aid . the firm is a third party
company that does the form on behalf of legal aid. 10 days for urgent
non-urgent is 25 days<br />
<br />
do you think this will be helfull and if so this could be shortened with links?
what are your thoughts could this be useful info for inmates in or out of
prison for those with disabilities or none individuals whose cases are
difficult or need advice? i added links<br />
<br />
Applying-for-ECF-without-a-rep.pdf (<a href="http://publiclawproject.org.uk/" target="_blank">publiclawproject.org.uk</a>)<br />
Applying-for-ECF-without-a-rep.pdf (<a href="http://publiclawproject.org.uk/" target="_blank">publiclawproject.org.uk</a>)<br />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Katherine
gleeson<br />
<a href="mailto:katherinegleeson@aol.com" target="_blank">katherinegleeson@aol.com</a></span>
<!--[endif]--></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br />
Thank you jez</span></p><p class="yiv6053469842MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842msonormal"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">IPP
support group<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842msonormal"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842msonormal"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">......................................................................................................</span></p><h2 style="text-align: left;"><o:p> </o:p></h2><h2 style="text-align: left;"> Court of Appeal quashes sentence </h2><p class="MsoNormal">06 Jul 23</p><p class="MsoNormal">Court of Appeal
quashes sentence of Imprisonment for Public Protection<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">The Court of Appeal
granted a 13 year extension of time and allowed the appeal of PF against the
sentence of Imprisonment for Public Protection imposed in 2010 for an offence
of Aggravated burglary. PF had remained in prison since his sentence. <a href="https://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/barristers/farrhat-arshad">Farrhat Arshad</a>,
representing PF, argued that a lesser sentence would have adequately protected
the public and argued that the trial judge had erred in imposing the draconian
sentence. The Court agreed and replaced the sentence with an Extended Sentence
resulting in the appellant’s immediate release.<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">Farrhat was
appointed to represent PF by the Registrar of Criminal Appeals.<o:p></o:p></p><p class="yiv6053469842msonormal"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span></p><p class="yiv6053469842msonormal">
</p><p class="yiv6053469842msonormal"><a href="https://www.doughtystreet.co.uk/news/court-appeal-quashes-sentence-imprisonment-public-protection?fbclid=IwAR2ZCGB9q3F6XreiD9hVOMpnIb2A6hNy8tauE2W4TANYcS8gUZppamPclC0">Court
of Appeal quashes sentence of Imprisonment for Public Protection | Doughty
Street Chambers</a><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842msonormal"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/sherri.graham/posts/pfbid0u9CbmV8GK7KTiRY7pz88doiKjffsmH1Vi2NCMEoGLSF2ynXhFd3HQooMBM1PNFPAl">Chez Nic - Here’s Full video I did with sky recently On ipp for... | Facebook</a></p><p class="yiv6053469842msonormal"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="yiv6053469842msonormal"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;">....................................................................................................................................</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><p class="yiv6053469842msonormal">
</p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><p class="yiv6053469842msonormal"><span style="font-size: 13.5pt;"><br /></span></p><div style="background-color: white; border-bottom: none; border-image: initial; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: 1pt solid rgb(225, 225, 225); font-family: "Helvetica Neue", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 3pt 0cm 0cm;"><p class="yiv3379832027MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><b><br /></b></span></p><p class="yiv3379832027MsoNormal" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span lang="EN-US"><b>T</b></span></p></div>katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-59317987237554122712023-04-22T18:55:00.041+01:002023-04-23T11:42:17.888+01:00IPP Imprisonment Jail terms a death sentence. Controversial “never-ending” sentence .<div class="dcr-1djovmt" data-gu-name="headline" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; grid-area: headline / headline / headline / headline; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="dcr-14emo0l" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="dcr-1msbrj1" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 36px; vertical-align: baseline;"><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "GH Guardian Headline", "Guardian Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 2.125rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #141414;"> </span><span style="color: #0b5394;">A</span><span style="color: #141414;"> </span><span style="color: #0b5394;">man jailed under a controversial Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentence ended up taking his own life in jail ten years later.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Gary Sheehan was handed the IPP sentence for minor crime and was told he would have to serve at least 24 months but he was never released. He had his sentence increased in 2017 after absconding from an open prison carrying a knife.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><br /></span></p></h1><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "GH Guardian Headline", "Guardian Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 2.125rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">After that he was moved to <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/all-about/hmp-full-sutton" rel="Follow" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_self">HMP Full Sutton</a> near Pocklington in 2018. A year later he was due to be moved to an open prison following a Parole Board hearing but was sent to <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/all-about/hull-prison" rel="Follow" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_self">Hull Prison</a> instead. He was found dead in his cell in June 2020, aged in his 50s, having taken his own life.</span></p><div class="taboola recommended-stories tm-commercial-integrations-taboola" data-config="{"mode":"thumbnails-f","componentType":"taboola","injectionConditions":[{"condition":"stopONActiveLegalProceedings"}],"slotType":"taboola","referenceNode":".article-body p:nth-of-type(3)","hideOnSensitiveArticle":true,"relativePos":"after","name":"taboolaMobileMidArticle","selector":"taboola-mobile-mid-article-thumbnails","targetType":"mix","placement":"Mobile Mid-Article Thumbnails","type":"taboolaMidArticleThumbnails"}" data-response-start="1802.9000000001397" data-taboola-placeholder="" data-type="taboola" id="taboolaMobileMidArticle" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="taboola" data-taboola-mode="thumbnails-f" id="taboola-mobile-mid-article-thumbnails" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; z-index: 1;"></div></div><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Read more:</b><b style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a data-content-type="news" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/news/hull-east-yorkshire-news/multiple-failings-identified-after-burglar-8193985" rel="Follow" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_self">Multiple failings identified after burglar found dead in cell at Hull Prison</a></b></span></p><p id="amp-readmore-target" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Sheehan was the subject of <a data-content-type="news" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.hulldailymail.co.uk/news/hull-east-yorkshire-news/lord-blunkett-apologises-hull-mum-7063587" rel="Follow" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_self">an IPP sentence</a> which were introduced in April 2005. They were designed to protect the public from serious offenders whose crimes did not merit a life sentence.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">Offenders sentenced to an IPP are set a minimum term (tariff) which they must spend in prison. After they have completed their tariff they can apply to the Parole Board for release. If offenders are given parole they will be on supervised licence for at least 10 years. If offenders are refused parole they can only apply again after one year.</span></p><div class="whats-hot read-next brand-hint-bg" data-channel="collaborative" data-condition-node=".article-body > p:nth-of-type(11)" data-immediate="data-immediate" data-init="true" data-layout="baseLayout tabletPortraitUpwards" data-maxrange="3" data-minrange="0" data-mod="renderRecommendation" data-read-next-type="WhatsHot" data-rec-title="Most Read" data-refnode=".article-body > p:nth-of-type(6)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: rgb(254, 246, 246) !important; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; background: rgb(254, 246, 246); border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 18px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="header brand-text brand-bg publication-font" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border: 0px; font-family: "Signika Negative", "Signika Negative-fallback", "Open Sans", "Open Sans-fallback", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px 0px 0px 48px; outline: 0px; padding: 20px 12px 0px; text-transform: uppercase; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">but they were widely criticised after leaving offenders of relatively minor crimes rotting in prison for years. They were abolished in 2012 but not retrospectively which means those handed IPPs remain subjected to them</span></p></div></div></h1><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "GH Guardian Headline", "Guardian Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 2.125rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">In June 18, staff moved Sheehan to the VP wing after he said he was under threat from other prisoners. Two days later, he cut his wrists after alleging he remained under threat from other prisoners on the VP wing. Staff started suicide and self-harm procedures (known as ACCT).</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">On June 21 at around 3.50pm, during an ACCT check, staff found Sheehan hanging in his cell. Staff called a medical emergency code and started CPR. Healthcare staff attended shortly afterwards and continued with CPR. Paramedics arrived and took over resuscitation attempts, but they were unsuccessful and they pronounced Sheehan’s death at 4.45pm.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">But Prison Ombudsman Ms McAllister found few areas of concern at either Full Sutton or Hull but did make some recommendations, particularly regarding the healthcare staff.</span></p><figure class="in-article-image" data-init="true" data-mod="image" data-observed="false" data-orientation="landscape" data-tmdatatrack-articleid="2568314" data-tmdatatrack="inline-widget" itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" style="background: rgb(241, 241, 241); border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 18px 0px; max-width: 100%; min-height: 1px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 650px;"><div class="outer" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="spacer" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border: 0px; content: ""; float: left; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 432.25px 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 0px;"></div><div class="mod-image" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><img alt="What a basic cell looks like inside HMP Full Sutton. This picture was taken in 2010." content="https://i2-prod.hulldailymail.co.uk/incoming/article2568314.ece/ALTERNATES/s615b/1_Full-Sutton-Credit-mirror.jpg" src="https://i2-prod.hulldailymail.co.uk/incoming/article2568314.ece/ALTERNATES/s615b/1_Full-Sutton-Credit-mirror.jpg" style="background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 650px;" /></span></div></div></figure></h1><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">In the report she said: “We found that, on balance, staff at Full Sutton and Hull investigated Mr Sheehan’s allegations that he was being threatened by other prisoners and supported him as far as they could with the information available to them. We also found that staff at Hull managed the ACCT procedures appropriately.</span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">“We found no evidence that staff at Full Sutton told Mr Sheehan why he was moving to Hull rather than to open conditions as recommended by the Parole Board. However, we consider that the move to Hull was reasonable as a short-term measure and was probably not a significant factor in Mr Sheehan’s death.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 9pt; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit;"><span>IPP As at 30 September 2021, there were 9,254 (8,306 male; 326 female)
indeterminate sentenced prisoners (those serving Imprisonment for Public
Protection (IPP) sentences and life sentences). Although this represents a
slight overall decrease (-2%), there was a 24% increase in the number of
prisoners serving indeterminate sentences in the 18-20 years age bracket when
compared with 30 September 2020.</span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: 500;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">The number of unreleased prisoners (6,971) serving life sentences is
broadly unchanged from one year ago but there was a small (5%) decrease in the
number of prisoners still held beyond their tariff expiry date. The number of
unreleased IPP prisoners fell by 12% to 1,661. At point of sentencing,
offenders are given a minimum time period (“tariff”) that they need to serve in
prison before they can apply to the Parole Board for release. The majority of
the unreleased IPP prisoners have been held for more than eight years beyond
the end of their tariff.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: normal; margin: 15pt 0cm;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 14.5pt;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">The number of recalled prisoners serving life
sentences increased by 10% to 658 when compared to September 2020 whilst the
number of recalled Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) prisoners was
unchanged from one year ago.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 9pt; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: medium;">45% served more than 10 years longer than the tariff they were
given. Since December 2022, 98% of people serving an IPP sentence who had
never been released from prison, were past their tariff expiry date. Numbers
originally given a tariff of less than two year</span></span><span face=""Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit;">was </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 9pt; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">INQUEST has supported 27 bereaved families of IPP prisoners who
died between 2008 to 2021. In what follows, we outline the circumstances
of the deaths of six IPP prisoners. Their deaths highlight key issues in the
IPP sentence.</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 9pt; vertical-align: baseline;"><span face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: 500;">The </span><span style="font-weight: 500;">sentence</span><span style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: 500;"> was abolished in 2012, although existing IPP prisoners continue to serve their sentences.</span></span></p></h1><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">The Prison and Probation Ombudsman (PPO) has investigated several cases, related to both deaths in prison and complaints, of prisoners who were serving IPP sentences over the years. Between 2007 and 2018 the PPO investigated 54 self-inflicted deaths of prisoners serving IPP sentences.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">The following case studies highlight examples of these cases.</span></p><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Montserrat, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.25; margin-bottom: 11px; margin-top: 22px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Case Study A</span></span></h3><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Mr A, who was 35, received an IPP sentence for robbery with a tariff of two years and nine months. After five years in custody he was released, but three years later he returned to prison when he breached the terms of his licence.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">During the three years after his return to prison, he repeatedly told staff he could not cope with his sentence and sought help from healthcare for anxiety. He was often challenging to manage.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Three weeks before he died, Mr A was moved to the segregation unit after he and two other prisoners barricaded themselves in a cell. That evening, Mr A made cuts to his wrist and staff began ACCT procedures. He was assessed by the mental health team, GPs and a psychiatrist. He was offered medication for anxiety and depression but often refused to take it because he said it made him feel worse.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Mr A said his IPP sentence was “killing him” and that he was concerned at plans to recategorise him from category C to B, which he feared would mean a move to a prison further from his family. He repeatedly told staff that he would kill himself after his next visit from his family.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Mr A’s mother visited him a week later. On the same day, he was told he was being recategorised to B. At an ACCT review that afternoon, staff considered that Mr A’s risk of suicide and self-harm had increased but they did not increase the frequency with which he was checked (which remained at once an hour). In the early hours of the next morning, an officer found Mr A hanged in his cell.</span></p></h1><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Montserrat, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.25; margin-bottom: 11px; margin-top: 22px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Case Study B</span></span></h3><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Mr B entered custody as a teenager on a short minimum tariff. When he complained to the PPO, he had been in prison for over 10 years. He had recently been recategorised from C to B and transferred to a new prison. He believed these decisions were unfairly impeding his progress.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Mr B believed that returning to his previous prison was important for his release because he had been working well with his therapist and had access to an onsite therapeutic community, a facility his new prison lacked.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Mr B wrote to us about the decision to recategorise and transfer him. Our investigation found that while Mr B had worked hard to reduce his risk of serious harm, we also found evidence of poor behaviour and control issues, and did not uphold this part of his complaint. Further, we agreed that Mr B’s behaviour presented a challenge to the prison and likely had an impact on other prisoners.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">We were concerned about the case more broadly, however. While we found that efforts had been made to secure a progressive transfer for Mr B, he was essentially still in prison due to his poor behaviour. We felt that a failure of provision (specifically – the inability to locate Mr B with a therapeutic community and the inability to address his decline in behaviour) were preventing Mr B from making progress. We called for a review of the case and that this review should assess Mr B’s sentence plan and provide further support for progression.</span></p></h1><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Montserrat, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.25; margin-bottom: 11px; margin-top: 22px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Case Study C</span></span></h3><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Mr C received an IPP sentence with a tariff of three years. After seven years in custody, the Parole Board recommended a transfer to open conditions to prepare for release. He was recategorized to D and transferred, and was looking forward to proving himself and working towards his release. Later that year, he was approved to begin community work, made eight unescorted visits in the community and completed offending behaviour programmes.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Two days before Mr C’s death, he was accused of assaulting a prisoner and was moved to the segregation unit during the investigation. While there, Mr C was safety screened and assessed, at which point he said he was fine and made no complaints. The following morning, a duty manager visited Mr C and recorded that he seemed in good spirits. That afternoon an officer delivered a letter confirming Mr C was being transferred. It read: ‘It is alleged you assaulted another offender. You are to be moved to closed conditions pending police investigation’. That officer delivering the letter recorded that he took the news well.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Mr C was assessed by staff on arrival in his new prison. They were told he had not self-harmed, did not have a history of depression or thoughts of suicide, and concluded that he was not at risk of suicide. At reception, however, he called his father and said: ‘All right man, it’s coming back here and all that going through the same procedure again, feel like proper locked up again not even getting up’.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">That night Mr C was not placed on special monitoring measures as he was found to not be at risk. At morning roll check, he was found hanging with jogging bottoms tied around his neck. Arriving paramedics assessed that he had been dead for some time.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Our investigation found several issues with the management of Mr C’s risk of suicide. During the two days he spent in segregation, he was assessed as not being at risk of suicide. We did not find staff had considered that Mr C’s new circumstances had increased his risk as an IPP prisoner. We also found that on arrival at closed conditions, again staff concluded that Mr C was not at risk of suicide. There was no evidence that staff had considered that Mr C’s transfer might have added considerable time to his sentence.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">We recommended that prisons should ensure that all the known risk factors for newly arriving prisoners are fully considered and documented when determining an individual’s risk of suicide and self-harm.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;"> </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">As at September 2019, 2,059 prisoners continue to serve an IPP sentence in custody. We are aware of initiatives in HMPPS to identify, and prioritise, those cases where people are over tariff and not progressing towards release. </span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><br /></span></p></h1><h1 style="font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;">Inquest concludes into death of IPP prisoner Charlotte Nokes seven years over original tariff.</span></h1><h1 style="font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: small; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit;">Before HM Assistant Coroner Simon Milburn</span><span face="Cabin, sans-serif" style="font-size: large; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal;">Huntingdon Town Hall</span></span></h1><h1 style="font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; text-align: left;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: x-small;">24 February – 3 March 2020</span></h1><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">The inquest into the death of Charlotte Nokes has today concluded with the jury finding her death was by ‘natural causes’. Charlotte was 38 when she was found dead in her cell in HMP Peterborough on the morning of 23 July 2016. She was serving an indefinite Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentence and was over seven years over the minimum tariff when she died.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">The jury concluded the medical cause of Charlotte’s death was “Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome”. The coroner’s decision on whether to write a follow up report to Prevent Future Deaths is awaited. The family hope their concerns around the adequacy of cell observations, and the risk of suicide for IPP prisoners, will be highlighted.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Known to her family as Charlie or Lottie, they described her as funny, intelligent, charismatic and creative. She was an extremely talented artist whose work was exhibited by the Koestler Trust. She developed her passion for art whilst in prison and had been offered a scholarship to study at Central St Martins on release.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Charlotte was given an IPP sentence on 4 January 2008. She was to serve a minimum term of 15 months imprisonment. However, at the time of her death, she had served 8½ years in custody. The jury heard that the indefinite nature of Charlotte’s sentence, and her fear that she would never be released from prison, contributed to a sense of extreme hopelessness. She described her sentence to her family as a death sentence. The inquest heard that despite being seven years over tariff, Charlotte was only at the very early stages of being ready to engage with the therapeutic help she needed to begin the path to release.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">The inquest heard that Charlotte had been diagnosed with a Personality Disorder and was prescribed a number of antipsychotic drugs to treat her symptoms. In the months leading up to her death, she often appeared over-sedated, drowsy and was slurring her speech. The jury heard that some of her depot medication was administered for unusually long periods.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">At the time of her death, Charlotte was placed on suicide and self-harm monitoring procedures, known as Assessment, Care in Custody and Teamwork (ACCT) after she had attempted to take her life. Charlotte was on twice hourly observations as part of the ACCT process. Despite this, the inquest jury heard that she died a number of hours before she was found at 08:35, despite documented welfare checks throughout the night and concerns about her welfare.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">On the morning of 23 July 2017, Charlotte was checked at 07:23, 07:53 and 08:12. She was noted to be asleep in an upright position. At 08:30 another officer looked through the observation panel to Charlotte’s cell. She noted that Charlotte appeared to have been in the same strange sleeping position as the night before – she was sitting upright and slumped forward. She unlocked Charlotte’s cell and called her name. There was no response. She called Charlotte’s name and again there was no response. She then shook Charlotte’s shoulder and noticed that she was cold to touch, her whole body was stiff and her face was “very red and dark purple, further than bruising”. She raised the alarm. Paramedics arrived but by that time Charlotte could not be resuscitated. She was pronounced dead at 08:55. The evidence of the pathologist was that Charlotte had died some time before she was discovered, possibly 3-4 hours earlier.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;">On behalf of her family, Charlotte’s father Steven Nokes said: </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;">“As a family, we remain concerned about the way Charlotte was treated in prison and do not believe the care she received was appropriate. She had many struggles in life, was beaten up for being ‘different’ and experienced mental ill health. Prison was never the best place for her. The indefinite sentence only made this worse. Charlotte lost hope and so did we. She told us the IPP sentence was really a life sentence, and despite her hopes and dreams of moving to London to study art, she knew she would die in prison. This cannot continue.”</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">Steven <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/mar/03/charlotte-nokes-father-prison-sentence" style="box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration-line: none; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms; word-break: break-word;">spoke in detail to The Guardian</a> during the inquest.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #0b5394; font-weight: 700; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;">Deborah Coles, Director of INQUEST, </span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: normal; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;">said</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;">: </span><span style="font-weight: 500;">“</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 500; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;">Charlotte was trapped in limbo, her ambitions and prospects indefinitely on pause. She was forced to wait for action to truly end IPP sentences, despite them having long been deemed unlawful and ‘abolished’. Had she not died it is likely she would have still been in prison waiting for that action, as many others are.</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;">For far too many women, prison remains a disproportionate and inappropriate response to their behaviour and needs. Indefinite sentences continue to cause additional harm. To prevent further deaths and harm, Government must work across health, social care and justice departments to dismantle failing women’s prisons and invest in specialist community led women’s services.”</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #0b5394; font-weight: 700; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;">Tara Mulcair of Birnberg Peirce who represents Charlotte’s family</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Cabin, sans-serif; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 1em; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: medium;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;"></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: normal; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;">said</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;">: </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 500; transition: border-color 500ms ease-out 50ms;">“Charlotte’s inquest has shone a light on the injustice faced by IPP prisoners. Charlotte was caught in a vicious cycle of indefinite incarceration, which created a strong sense of hopelessness and exacerbated her poor mental health, which in turn led to her continued detention. In Charlotte’s mind, there was no prospect of release, as is the case for many still serving IPP sentences. There should now be an urgent review of all IPP prisoners who are over tariff and were sentenced before the Courts recognised that these sentences are unlawful. It is time to put right this injustice.”</span></span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt;">Tommy Nicol
died in 2015</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: 16pt;"><span style="font-weight: 500;">After trying to take his own life two years past his four-year
minimum tariff.</span></span><span style="font-size: medium; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">/2019/jan/10/family-ipp-prisoner-tommy-nicol-indeterminate-sentence</span></span></p></h1><div><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b class="ssrcss-hmf8ql-BoldText e5tfeyi3" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></h1><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b class="ssrcss-hmf8ql-BoldText e5tfeyi3" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">Karl Maroni, 33, has spent all his adult life in jail.</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">Aged 18 he
committed a offence and was convicted.He was told the minimum time he'd
be in prison would be three and a half years.But 16 years and 17 jails later
he's still there, "left to rot", he says.He's never had a bank
account, never owned a smartphone and never used social media.Speaking from the
low-secure mental unit where he's currently detained, he says he's come close
to "giving up"."I was self-harming, getting into trouble,
feeling really low and depressed, not knowing when I was going to get
out," he said. sadly numbers are landing up in
mental institutions as a direct result of not being given
a release date. </span></span></h1><div style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><br /></span></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 21.3333px;"><b>INQUEST</b></span><b style="font-size: 16pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit;"> into death of IPP sentenced prisoner Lewis Powter</b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">The below media release is reshared from </span><a href="https://bhattmurphy.co.uk/" style="font-size: 16pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;" target="_blank">Bhatt Murphy solicitors.</a><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"> The
inquest concluded with critical findings, see </span><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cambridgeshire-62222983" style="font-size: 16pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;" target="_blank">media coverage</a><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">. </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">18 July 2022<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The inquest into the death of Lewis Powter is to be heard before HM
Assistant Coroner Lorna Skinner at Cambridge and Peterborough Coroner’s Court
in Huntingdon on 18 – 19 July 2022. Lewis Powter was 36 years old when he died
on 10 May 2020 at his home in Sawston.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Background<br />
When he was 23 years old Lewis was given an indefinite sentence for public
protection for GBH; his minimum term was set at just two years. Despite his
tariff expiring in 2009 Lewis was not released until 2011. He was released and
then recalled five times prior to his death.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> In prison he was assessed as high risk of death . On 18 January 2017 Lewis was assaulted by three Sodexo
officers at HMP Peterborough. Those officers were subject to disciplinary
proceedings leading to the dismissal of one officer, another officer receiving
a final warning and a third officer receiving a warning. Since the assault
Lewis experienced PTSD symptoms including hypervigilance.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">In June 2019 Lewis was recalled after being out in the community for
four days following being late back for his curfew due to cancelled public
transport. The National Probation Service in a report stated that the recall
was “inappropriate” but despite this Lewis was not released until November
2019. Upon his release he experienced extreme anxiety and fear about being
recalled to prison.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">In 2008 HM Prisons published a thematic report into IPP sentences which
highlighted the impact of serving an IPP sentence on prisoners’ emotional and
mental health, including self-harm. In 2008 the Sainsbury Centre for Mental
Health also published a report which highlighted the negative impact that
serving an indeterminate sentence had on prisoners’ mental health and
wellbeing. In 2012 the IPP sentence was abolished; but for those IPP prisoner
like Lewis there was no change to their sentence.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Leah Biamonti, Lewis's mother, said: "The IPP sentence my son
was serving at the time of his death was insufferable both for him but also the
family who supported him, taking a great toll. His two children, growing up
without him, were confused by his multiple recalls to prison.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Although released from prison for the first time in 2011, it felt as if
it was just the beginning , never given the opportunity to adjust to anything
that could be recognised as a semblance of a ‘normal’ life, before being
recalled for a rule break, to start the protracted cycle again of working
towards another potential release. Each release characterised by a lack of
practical support and , in my view, especially with early release’s, a lack of
understanding of the extent to which the IPP sentence impacted on the mental
and emotional health of individuals, extreme feelings of uncertainty,
hopelessness, depression , and as we know now high rates of suicide in the IPP
population, and in my sons case extreme and immobilising anxiety.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">In our experience there are insufficient support systems in place to
support those with complex needs as a result of, or exacerbated by an IPP
sentence, relying heavily on family to help rebuild a future in the community.
Although it no longer exists , the IPP sentence remains in place for many who
are utterly stuck within a sick and broken system.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Release from prison is not the end, it is a time when knowledge and
understanding of the impact of this inhumane sentence matters, and when the
most intensive support is needed to aid both practical and psychological
readjustment to life outside prison, and to support the prevention of what is
currently an almost inevitable recall to prison."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><br />
Lucy McKay, spokesperson for the charity INQUEST, said: “The evidence on
the harmful impacts of unlawful indefinite prison sentences is clear and well
founded. Yet thousands of people are still languishing in prison with IPP
sentences, or living in the community with the endless threat of recall for the
most minor slip ups. IPP sentences were rightly abolished in 2012, so why in
2020 was Lewis still forced to live with this unjust sentence on his shoulders?
We hope this inquest offers necessary scrutiny of the circumstances of his
death, and considers ongoing issues for those in a similar position”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">IPP As at 30 September 2021, there were 9,254 (8,306 male; 326 female)
indeterminate sentenced prisoners (those serving Imprisonment for Public
Protection (IPP) sentences and life sentences). Although this represents a
slight overall decrease (-2%), there was a 24% increase in the number of
prisoners serving indeterminate sentences in the 18-20 years age bracket when
compared with 30 September 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The number of unreleased prisoners (6,971) serving life sentences is
broadly unchanged from one year ago but there was a small (5%) decrease in the
number of prisoners still held beyond their tariff expiry date. The number of
unreleased IPP prisoners fell by 12% to 1,661. At point of sentencing,
offenders are given a minimum time period (“tariff”) that they need to serve in
prison before they can apply to the Parole Board for release. The majority of
the unreleased IPP prisoners have been held for more than eight years beyond
the end of their tariff.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin: 15pt 0cm;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 14.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">The number of recalled prisoners serving life
sentences increased by 10% to 658 when compared to September 2020 whilst the
number of recalled Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) prisoners was
unchanged from one year ago.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 9pt; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="font-size: 16pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-ligatures: none;">45% served more than 10 years longer than the tariff they were
given. Since December 2022, 98% of people serving an IPP sentence who had
never been released from prison, were past their tariff expiry date. Numbers
originally given a tariff of less than two years.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 16pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-ligatures: none;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><b>INQUEST into death of IPP prisoner Lewis Powter</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The below media release is reshared from <a href="https://bhattmurphy.co.uk/" target="_blank">Bhatt Murphy solicitors.</a> The
inquest concluded with critical findings, see <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cambridgeshire-62222983" target="_blank">media coverage</a>. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">18 July 2022<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The inquest into the death of Lewis Powter is to be heard before HM
Assistant Coroner Lorna Skinner at Cambridge and Peterborough Coroner’s Court
in Huntingdon on 18 – 19 July 2022. Lewis Powter was 36 years old when he died
on 10 May 2020 at his home in Sawston.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Background<br />
When he was 23 years old Lewis was given an indefinite sentence for public
protection for GBH; his minimum term was set at just two years. Despite his
tariff expiring in 2009 Lewis was not released until 2011. He was released and
then recalled five times prior to his death.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Lewis had epilepsy and complex mental health needs including EUPD, PTSD,
substance misuse and anxiety. In prison he was assessed as high risk of death
by misadventure. On 18 January 2017 Lewis was assaulted by three Sodexo
officers at HMP Peterborough. Those officers were subject to disciplinary
proceedings leading to the dismissal of one officer, another officer receiving
a final warning and a third officer receiving a warning. Since the assault
Lewis experienced PTSD symptoms including hypervigilance.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">In June 2019 Lewis was recalled after being out in the community for
four days following being late back for his curfew due to cancelled public
transport. The National Probation Service in a report stated that the recall
was “inappropriate” but despite this Lewis was not released until November
2019. Upon his release he experienced extreme anxiety and fear about being
recalled to prison.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">In 2008 HM Prisons published a thematic report into IPP sentences which
highlighted the impact of serving an IPP sentence on prisoners’ emotional and
mental health, including self-harm. In 2008 the Sainsbury Centre for Mental
Health also published a report which highlighted the negative impact that
serving an indeterminate sentence had on prisoners’ mental health and
wellbeing. In 2012 the IPP sentence was abolished; but for those IPP prisoner
like Lewis there was no change to their sentence.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Leah Biamonti, Lewis's mother, said: "The IPP sentence my son
was serving at the time of his death was insufferable both for him but also the
family who supported him, taking a great toll. His two children, growing up
without him, were confused by his multiple recalls to prison.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Although released from prison for the first time in 2011, it felt as if
it was just the beginning , never given the opportunity to adjust to anything
that could be recognised as a semblance of a ‘normal’ life, before being
recalled for rule breaking, to start the protracted cycle again of working
towards another potential release. Each release characterised by a lack of
practical support and , in my view, especially with early release’s, a lack of
understanding of the extent to which the IPP sentence impacted on the mental
and emotional health of individuals, extreme feelings of uncertainty,
hopelessness, depression , and as we know now high rates of suicide in the IPP
population, and in my sons case extreme and immobilising anxiety.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">In our experience there are insufficient support systems in place to
support those with complex needs as a result of, or exacerbated by an IPP
sentence, relying heavily on family to help rebuild a future in the community.
Although it no longer exists , the IPP sentence remains in place for many who
are utterly stuck within a sick and broken system.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Release from prison is not the end, it is a time when knowledge and
understanding of the impact of this inhumane sentence matters, and when the
most intensive support is needed to aid both practical and psychological
readjustment to life outside prison, and to support the prevention of what is
currently an almost inevitable recall to prison."<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><br />
Lucy McKay, spokesperson for the charity INQUEST, said: “The evidence on
the harmful impacts of unlawful indefinite prison sentences is clear and well
founded. Yet thousands of people are still languishing in prison with IPP
sentences, or living in the community with the endless threat of recall for the
most minor slip ups. IPP sentences were rightly abolished in 2012, so why in
2020 was Lewis still forced to live with this unjust sentence on his shoulders?
We hope this inquest offers necessary scrutiny of the circumstances of his
death, and considers ongoing issues for those in a similar position”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">
Leah Biamonti is represented in the forthcoming inquest by Jane Ryan of Bhatt
Murphy solicitors and Stephen Clark of Garden Court chambers. For further
information please contact: j.ryan@bhattmurphy.co.uk</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b style="font-size: 21.3333px;"><span style="color: #0b5394;">INQUEST </span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 21.3333px;"><b>has supported 27 bereaved families of IPP prisoners who died between 2008 to 2021. In what follows, we outline the circumstances of the deaths of six IPP prisoners. Their deaths highlight key issues in the IPP sentence.</b></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><b style="font-size: 21.3333px;"><i>Introduction, </i></b>Written evidence from INQUEST</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt;">INQUEST on related deaths
and their investigation. For four decades, The inqesat has provided expertise to
bereaved people, lawyers, advice and support agencies, the media and
parliamentarians. Our specialist casework includes deaths in prison and police
custody, immigration detention, mental health settings and deaths involving
multi-agency failings or where wider issues of state and corporate
accountability are in question. INQUEST’s Executive Director, Deborah Coles,
sits on the cross-government Ministerial Board on Deaths in Custody a member of the Independent Advisory Panel on Deaths in Custody.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 21.3333px;"><b>IPP Prisoners</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The inquest welcomes the Justice Committee’s new inquiry into Imprisonment of (IPP) sentences in prison. In this submission, we provide
an overview of the <b>detrimental </b>consequences of IPP sentences
for prisoners informed by our casework and expertise on investigations and
inquests into deaths.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Prisons, by their very nature, are dehumanising places which create and
intensify vulnerability. This is further heightened for
the 1,661 people who remain on indeterminate sentences, not knowing
when they will be released. INQUEST has worked on a number of deaths
in prison which have been <i>linked to the harms of IPP sentences</i>. In
this submission, we draw attention to the way in which the <i>IPP
sentence has a severely harmful impact on the mental and physical health of
prisoners.</i> We highlight the deaths
of three men, one woman and two anonymous
people whose experiences reflect the damaging and fatal effects of the IPP
sentence. We make recommendations to bring an end to the harm caused to
prisoners and their families by IPP sentences.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><b>Overview</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">According to the most current statistics<a name="_ftnref1"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn1">[1]</a> released
by the Ministry of Justice, there were a total of 1,661 people imprisoned
under IPP sentences as of 30 September 2021. The percentage of post-tariff
IPP prisoners continues to rise: 96% of IPP prisoners were
post-tariff in June 2021 compared to 94% in June 2020<a name="_ftnref2"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn2">[2]</a> and
91% in March 2019<a name="_ftnref3"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn3">[3]</a>. As
of 30 September 2021, the majority of unreleased IPP prisoners had been held
for more than eight years beyond the end of their tariff<a name="_ftnref4"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn4">[4]</a>. Furthermore,
the number of recalled IPP prisoners grew by 184% from 477 to 1,357
from 30 September 2015 to 30 September 2020<a name="_ftnref5"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn5">[5]</a>.
As of 30 September 2021, 1,357 IPP prisoners had been recalled to custody<a name="_ftnref6"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn6">[6]</a> <a name="_ftnref7"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn7">[7]</a>. Bereaved
families that INQUEST has worked with have also said that IPP prisoners
often struggle to gain placement on rehabilitation courses that are required by
the Parole Board for release<a name="_ftnref8"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn8">[8]</a>.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The Independent Advisory Panel on Deaths in Custody stated in their 2019
briefing paper<a name="_ftnref9"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn9">[9]</a> that,
“the close links between hopelessness, self-harm and
suicide … suggests that IPP prisoners are a particularly vulnerable
group in custody and – as the number over-tariff grows – the risk is thought to
be increasing”. IPP prisoners have been shown<a name="_ftnref10"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn10">[10]</a> to
suffer disproportionately high rates of self-harm, with a self-harm rate of 550
per 1000 prisoners compared to 324 per 1000 prisoners for determinate-sentenced
prisoners. The self-harm rate of IPP prisoners is more than twice as much as
that of prisoners serving life sentences. Since the IPP sentence was introduced
in 2005, UNGRIPP state that 70 people serving IPP sentences have
taken their own lives<a name="_ftnref11"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn11">[11]</a>.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><b style="font-size: 21.3333px;">Case Studies</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">In what follows, we outline the circumstances
of the deaths of six IPP prisoners. Their deaths highlight
key issues in the IPP sentence.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Tommy Nicol<a name="_ftnref12"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn12">[12]</a> <a name="_ftnref13"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn13">[13]</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Tommy Nicol was a 37-year-old mixed-race White and Middle Eastern man
who died at Watford General Hospital on 25 September 2015 after being
found with a ligature around his neck in his cell at HMP The Mount three days
earlier. In November 2009, Tommy received an IPP sentence with a minimum term
of four years, but at the time of his death he had served six years
with no immediate hope of being released. In January 2015, Tommy made a
complaint to the prison in which he described his inability to progress in his
IPP sentence towards release as “psychological torture of a person who is
doing 99 years”. In June 2015, the Parole Board’s review of Tommy’s
sentence concluded that Tommy should do further “motivational and
psychological” work before release, recommending that he complete a course
of therapy, but Tommy was unable to secure a place. Tommy
expressed frustration about not being able to do the required therapy
course ahead of the review, with his next Parole Board review not due until
February 2017. After the Parole Board review, Tommy’s mental health
deteriorated until the time of his death, as he seriously self-harmed and when
moved to segregation, began displaying psychotic symptoms. Tommy received
no mental health support in the four days he spent in segregation, despite
spending over 24 hours in an unfurnished cell.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The inquest heard evidence from consultant forensic psychiatrist Dr
Dinesh Maganty, who said that the IPP sentence had contributed to Tommy’s death
“more than anything else” as it made him “lose hope”. Dr Dinesh
Maganty described Tommy’s risk level on the day of his death as
the highest it could have been, referring to the “perfect storm of
risk factors” including his IPP sentence. Tommy’s sister, Donna
Mooney, said “My brother was jailed for a minimum term of four years, yet two
years after he had completed his tariff, he was still in jail. Tommy became
more and more desperate, but nobody would listen to him. The prison authorities
didn’t even carry out a mental health assessment despite his very high risk
of self-harm and suicide.”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Charlotte Nokes<a name="_ftnref14"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn14">[14]</a></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Charlotte Nokes was a 38-year-old woman who was found dead in her cell
at HMP Peterborough on the morning of 23 July 2016. The inquest jury concluded
the medical cause of Charlotte’s death was Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome. In
2008, Charlotte was sentenced to an IPP sentence with a minimum term of 15
months, but at the time of her death, Charlotte had been in prison for over
eight and a half years. Charlotte had mental and physical health diagnoses
including borderline personality disorder and premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
In the months leading up to her death, Charlotte was prescribed heavy doses of
medication to treat her mental and physical health that left her appearing
heavily sedated. At the time of her death, she was placed
on an ACCT (Assessment, Care in Custody and Teamwork - the care
planning process for prisoners identified as being at risk of suicide or
self-harm) after she had attempted to take her life.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The inquest jury heard that despite being seven years over tariff,
Charlotte was only at the early stages of being ready to engage with the
therapeutic help she needed to begin the path to release. Furthermore, the
inquest heard that the indefinite nature of Charlotte’s sentence, and her fear
that she would never be released from prison, contributed to a sense of extreme
hopelessness. Charlotte described the IPP sentence as a death sentence to her family.
Nicky Asplin, the principal counselling psychologist who worked with Charlotte
in the months before she died, told the inquest jury that during a therapy
session shortly before her death, Charlotte expressed “a lot
of frustration at the never-ending sentence of an IPP prison sentence”<a name="_ftnref15"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn15">[15]</a>.
Tara Mulclair of Birnberg Peirce who represented Charlotte’s family at the
inquest, said that Charlotte’s indefinite incarceration “created a strong
sense of hopelessness and exacerbated her poor mental health”.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Charlotte’s father, Steven Nokes, said, “She had many struggles in
life, was beaten up for being ‘different’ and experienced mental ill health.
Prison was never the best place for her. The indefinite sentence only made this
worse.”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Shane Stroughton<a name="_ftnref16"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn16">[16]</a></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">
</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Shane was a 29-year-old man who died shortly after he was found hanging
at HMP Nottingham on 13 September 2017. Shane had a well-documented
history of depression and anxiety. At the age of 19, Shane received an IPP
sentence with a minimum tariff of two and a half years. However, he remained in
prison for close to ten years, and was released on 13 June 2017 having
served in excess of six years over his original tariff. In July
2017, Shane was recalled to prison and placed at HMP Nottingham, where he was
immediately identified as a high risk of suicide having used a ligature in
police custody. A few days after arriving at HMP Nottingham, Shane set fire to
his cell and used another ligature, making himself unconscious. In August 2017,
Shane was placed on an ACCT. Despite this measure and the fact that
his family had called the prison to say that he appeared to have lost two stone
in weight, records suggest that the prison interacted little with
Shane after that.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The jury at Shane’s inquest heard evidence that Shane had lost 20% of
his body weight in six weeks and that by the time of his death, he had a Body
Mass Index that meant he was underweight and malnourished – but the prison
did not pick this up. On 11 September, Shane was told he was to be re-released,
but his probation officer was working with four or five times the appropriate
caseload and could not spend any time with him. Following the inquest,
Shane’s mother, Deborah, said, “So much went wrong in Shane’s case. The IPP was
vicious. He had a two-and-a-half-year term but did ten, and it made his mental
health problems worse and also institutionalised him. He could
not cope with freedom and so was recalled quickly.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Kelvin Speakman<a name="_ftnref17"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn17">[17]</a></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Kelvin was a 30-year-old man who died after being found with a ligature
at HMP Hewell on 9 May 2016. In 2007, Kelvin received an IPP sentence with a
minimum term of two years, but at the time of his death, he had been in
prison for nine years. Despite repeated self-harm incidents and suicide
attempts, Kelvin was never transferred to a secure mental health unit, even
though consultant psychiatrists had twice recommended it. The inquest
found multiple failings, especially in the assessment and care of
prisoners at risk of self-harm and suicide. The PPO report<a name="_ftnref18"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn18">[18]</a> into
Kelvin’s death echoed these findings, stating that Kelvin did not have the
required mental health assessments to safeguard against his continued
segregation. Kelvin’s older brother, Lee Dobson, told the Guardian “We
knew he was frustrated at his lack of progress, but he always put on a
brave face for us., If we had known, we could have at least tried to talk him
through his hard times. Instead, he died without help from us, or the system.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Two other INQUEST cases: Case A and Case B<a name="_ftnref19"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn19">[19]</a></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Case A concerns the self-inflicted death of an IPP
prisoner. The Prisons and Probation Ombudsman found that the indeterminate
nature of the IPP sentence caused great anxiety for the prisoner, and that
it was not difficult to come to the conclusion that the IPP sentence
and its associated uncertainty played a significant role in
the prisoners’ decision to take their own life.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Case B concerns the self-inflicted death of an IPP
prisoner. The coroner informed the Prison’s Minister that they
must act to prevent other IPP prisoners dying in a similar way. The
coroner also stressed that the prison system is inadequate to meet the needs of
IPP prisoners who have a heightened risk of self-harm compared to other
prisoners. In particular, the coroner cited the infrequent nature
of Parole Board hearings and the lack of support for complex
mental health issues.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><b>Key issues</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The circumstances of the six deaths
outlined above highlight the following key issues:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The indeterminate nature of IPP sentences creates a sense of hopelessness
and despair for prisoners. This is worsened by the high probability
that such prisoners will remain in prison well beyond completion
of their minimum tariff and that many will
be recalled owing to the indefinite nature of the license. Consequently,
IPP sentences often exacerbate pre-existing mental ill health and induce mental
ill health for those who did not previously have it.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The sense of hopelessness and despair experienced by IPP prisoners
combined with the adverse mental health consequences of the IPP sentence
mean that IPP prisoners are especially vulnerable and are at a
disproportionately high risk of self-harm and self-inflicted death.<a name="_ftnref20"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn20">[20]</a> For
example, in all four of the non-anonymous cases
listed above, the individuals had self-harmed and/or previously attempted
to take their own life before their death. In five out of six of
the cases, the individuals died self-inflicted deaths.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Despite their vulnerability, IPP prisoners are not always
accurately assessed as needing mental health support and sometimes receive
inadequate care or none whatsoever.<a name="_ftnref21"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftn21">[21]</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">IPP prisoners sometimes struggle to gain a place on rehabilitation
courses which are a requirement by the Parole Board for release,
which prolongs their stay in prison. This, coupled with
irregular Parole Board hearings, exacerbates their sense of
hopelessness and despair which has an adverse impact on their mental
health.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">The sense of hopelessness and despair experienced by IPP prisoners
combined with the adverse mental health consequences of the IPP sentence can
worsen pre-existing physical health issues and result in new
physical health issues, which can go unnoticed.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Recommendations. </span><span style="font-size: 16pt;">The Justice Committee must:</span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Take full account of the inherent risk posed by the IPP sentence to
prisoners mental and physical health and the evidence of increased self-harm
and suicide in its identification of “possible legislative and policy
solutions” to the IPP sentence. </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Recommend concrete steps to prevent future harm and deaths of IPP
prisoners, including consideration of abolishing the IPP sentence
retroactively.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><b>HMPPS must:</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Prioritise IPP prisoners for engagement in programmes that assist their
case at Parole Board hearings. Given their lack of confidence in the
system, consideration should be given to the provision of independent advocacy
to support their appropriate engagement.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Convey clear information regularly to IPP prisoners about their
sentences, including upcoming Parole Board hearings.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Allocate a substantial budget for enhanced mental health screening and
support, substance abuse, housing, employment, and community reintegration to
holistically support all IPP prisoners.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">INQUEST is aware of some inquest hearings where the IPP
sentence itself was not regarded as relevant to the death and was not allowed
to be discussed. Therefore, we believe that investigatory bodies and the
coroner service must:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Ensure that the nature and impact of the IPP sentence are fully examined
in any investigation or inquest into the death of an IPP prisoner. Independent
investigation and scrutiny of deaths can play an important role in drawing
attention to failing systems and processes as well as to actions needed to
prevent future deaths.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p>
<hr style="height: 1px; width: 375.203px;" /><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn1"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref1">[1]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">Ministry of Justice “Offender management statistics quarterly: April to June 2021”</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2021/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2021"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-</span><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">april-to-june-2021/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2021</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn2"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref2">[2]</a><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">Ministry of Justice “Offender management statistics quarterly: January to March 2021” </span><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-january-to-march-2021/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-january-to-march-2021"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-january-to-march-2021/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-january-to-march</span><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">-2021</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn3"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref3">[3]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">Ministry of Justice “Offender Management Statistics Bulletin, England and Wales: Quarterly: October to December 2019” </span><a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/882163/Offender_Management_Statistics_Quarterly_Q4_2019.pdf"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/882163/Offender_Management_Statistics_Quarterly_Q4_2019.pdf</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn4"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref4">[4]</a><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">Ministry of Justice “Offender management statistics</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> quarterly: April to June 2021”</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2021/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2021"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/offender-</span><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2021/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2021</span></a></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn5"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref5">[5]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">Prison Reform Trust’s report “No life, no freedom, no future: The experiences of prisoners recalled under the sentence of Imprisonment for P</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">ublic Protection” (2020) </span><a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/PressPolicy/News/vw/1/ItemID/954"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/PressPolicy/News/vw/1/ItemID/954</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn6"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref6">[6]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">Ministry of Justice </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">“Offender management statistics quarterly: April to </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">June 2021”</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2021/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2021"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/offender-management-statistics</span><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">-quarterly-april-to-june-2021/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2021</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn7"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref7">[7]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> Ministry of Justice “Offender management statistics quarterly: April to June 2020” </span><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2020/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2020"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2020/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-202</span><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">0</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn8"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref8">[8]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> See the </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">Guardian article</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> (2021)</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> with Donna Mooney’s comments about IPP prisoners struggling to access rehabilitation courses </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/may/17/england-and-wales-prisoners-taking-fewer-rehabilitation-courses"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/may/17/england-and-wales-prisoners-taking-fewer-rehabilitation-courses</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn9"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref9">[9]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">The Independent Advisory Panel on Deaths in Custody briefing paper “Indeterminate sentences for public protection (IPPs): preventing </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">sel</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">f-harm and deaths in custody” </span><a href="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c5ae65ed86cc93b6c1e19a3/t/5f59bfe535e751014cbeb04f/1599717352035/IPP+briefing+paper+for+Ministers+FINAL.pdf"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c5ae65ed86cc93b6c1e19a3/t</span><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">/5f59bfe535e751014cbeb04f/1599717352035/IPP+briefing+paper+for+Ministers+FINAL.pdf</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn10"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref10">[10]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> Prison Reform Trust press release for their report “Prison: the facts 2016”</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/PressPolicy/News/vw/1/ItemID/335"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/PressPolicy/News/vw/1/ItemID/335</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn11"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref11">[11]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> UNGRIPP</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><a href="https://www.ungripp.com/statistics"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.ungripp.com/statistics</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn12"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref12">[12]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> Se</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">e INQUEST</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">’s</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> press release on the opening of the inquest into the death of Tommy Nicol </span><a href="https://www.inquest.org.uk/tommy-nicol-opening"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.inquest.org.uk/tommy-nicol-opening</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn13"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref13">[13]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> See INQUEST</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">’s</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> press release on the conclusion of the inqu</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">est into the death of Tommy Nicol </span><a href="https://www.inquest.org.uk/tommy-nicol-conclusion"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.inquest.org.uk/tommy-nicol-conclusion</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn14"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref14">[14]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> See INQUEST</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">’s</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> press release on</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> the conclusion of the inquest into the death of Charlotte Nokes </span><a href="https://www.inquest.org.uk/charlotte-nokes-conclusion"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.inquest.org.uk/charlotte-nokes-conclusion</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn15"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref15">[15]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> See</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> the</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> Guardian article</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> (2020)</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> into the inquest of Charlotte Nokes </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/feb/25/artists-never-ending-jail-term-led-to-sense-of-hopelessness-inquest-told"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/feb/25/artists-never-ending-jail-term-led-to-sense-of-hopelessness-inquest-told</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn16"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref16">[16]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> See INQUEST</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">’s</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> press release on the conclusion of the inquest into the death of Shane Stroughton </span><a href="https://www.inquest.org.uk/shane-stroughton-inquest-closed"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.inquest.org.uk/shane-stroughton-inquest-closed</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn17"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref17">[17]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> See</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> the</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> Guardian article </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">(2020) </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">on the death of Kelvin Speakman </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/jan/22/prison-deaths-kelvin-speakman-hmp-hewell-worcestershire?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/jan/22/prison-deat</span><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">hs-kelvin-speakman-hmp-hewell-worcestershire?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn18"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref18">[18]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> See </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">the </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">P</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">risons and </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">P</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">robation </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">O</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">mbudsman</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">independent investigation into</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> the death of Kelvin Speakman </span><a href="https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/ppo-prod-storage-1g9rkhjhkjmgw/uploads/2018/12/M042-16-Death-of-Mr-Kelvin-Speakman-in-hospital-Hewell-09-05-2016-SI-22-30-30.pdf"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/ppo-prod-storage-1g9rkhjhkjmgw/uploads/2018/12/M042-16-Death-of-Mr-Kelvin-Speakman-in-hospital-Hewell-09-05-2016-SI-22-30-30.p</span><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">df</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn19"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref19">[19]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">We have anonymised these cases as the prisoners’ families have not consented to INQUEST referencing their names</span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn20"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref20">[20]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> See</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> the</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> IAP on Deaths in Custody </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">re</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">port on “</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">Indeterminate sentences for Public Protection (IPPs): preventing self-harm and deaths in </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">custody </span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">(2019)“ </span><a href="https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c5ae65ed86cc93b6c1e19a3/t/5f59bfe535e751014cbeb04f/1599717352035/IPP+briefing+paper+for+Ministers+FINAL.pdf"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c5ae65ed86cc93b6c1e19a3/t/5f59bfe535e75</span><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">1014cbeb04f/1599717352035/IPP+briefing+paper+for+Ministers+FINAL.pdf</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"></span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><a name="_ftn21"></a><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#_ftnref21">[21]</a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;"> See the 2008 Sainsbury C</span><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">entre for Mental Health report “</span><a href="https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">In the Dark: the mental </span><span style="color: #0563c1; font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">health implications of Imprisonment for Public Protection</span></a><span style="font-family: Bliss; font-size: 10pt;">”</span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><br /></p></div><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#:~:text=INQUEST%20has%20supported%2027%20bereaved%20families%20of%20IPP,deaths%20highlight%20key%20issues%20in%20the%20IPP%20sentence."><span style="font-size: x-small;">https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/41005/html/#:~:text=INQUEST has supported 27 bereaved families of IPP,deaths highlight key issues in the IPP sentence.</span></a><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #121212; font-size: medium; font-variant-ligatures: normal;">://www.theguardian.com/soci</span></p></h1></div><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://www.inquest.org.uk/charlotte-nokes-conclusion"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Inquest concludes into death of IPP prisoner Charlotte Nokes seven years over original tariff | Inquest</span></a></p></h1><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://www.ppo.gov.uk/blog/investigating-the-deaths-of-ipp-prisoners/"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Investigating cases involving IPP prisoners | Prisons & Probation Ombudsman (ppo.gov.uk)<br /></span></a><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2021/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-april-to-june-2021"><span style="font-size: small;">Offender management statistics quarterly: April to June 2021 - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)</span></a><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 9pt; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></h1><h1 class="dcr-y70mar" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.15; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; line-height: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></h1><div class="dcr-1nvgr5i" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clip-path: inset(50%); clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); color: #121212; font: inherit; height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap; width: 1px;">This article is more than 2 years old<span color="rgb(var(--color_15))" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">In December 2022, 98% of people serving an IPP sentence who had never been released from prison, were past their tariff expiry date.</span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/law/2020/nov/30/uk-government-pays-out-to-family-of-ipp-prisoner-who-killed-himself-tommy-nicol" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">UK government pays out to family of IPP prisoner who killed himself | Sentencing | The Guardian</a><b style="font-family: "GH Guardian Headline", "Guardian Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px;">https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/jan/10/family-ipp-prisoner-tommy-nicol-indeterminate-sentenc</b></div></div></div></div><div class="dcr-1yi1cnj" data-gu-name="standfirst" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; grid-area: standfirst / standfirst / standfirst / standfirst; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="dcr-iuxtqj" style="--source-text-decoration-thickness: 2px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px 0px 12px; max-width: 540px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div>katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-56826872492355098512023-04-18T17:06:00.003+01:002023-04-19T13:49:05.817+01:00Trauma of IPP sentences revealed in new documentary<p> A new <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m001l267">Radio 4 documentary</a> has provided an insight into the devastating effects of controversial Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentences.</p>
<p>Roddy Russell explores the impact of IPP sentences on those serving
them and their loved ones, as well as the current political deadlock
over their continuing usage.</p>
<p>Roddy’s brother was sentenced for making a threat to kill with an
initial tariff of 2.5 years. He has now been in custody for fourteen
years, and there is still no end in sight.</p>
<p>Other contributors described the difficulty of supporting family
members serving IPP sentences, including Cherrie Nichol, whose brother
is now sixteen years over his initial tariff. She said the whole family
is traumatised, and her brother ‘is just so broken’.</p>
<p>Many of those interviewed said that their loved ones serving IPP
sentences were being given conditions for progression that they weren’t
able to meet, on account of the devastating psychological impact that
serving an IPP sentence was having on them.</p>
<p>They said those serving IPPs were being told to complete progressive
courses in order to meet conditions for release, but that these weren’t
even available in their prison.</p>
<p>In the documentary it was revealed that former Labour Home Secretary
Lord Blunkett had called Roddy Russell and apologised for his role in
the creation of IPP sentences. Speaking on the documentary Lord Blunkett
said the ‘tragic situation’ facing IPP prisoners is that ‘the longer
they are in prison without hope, the more their mental health and
general deterioration makes it even more difficult for the parole board
to release them’. He has previously called the sentences ‘<a href="https://insidetime.org/ipp-is-a-disaster-admits-lord-blunkett/">a disaster’</a>.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/prisoner-who-staged-12-hour-26687039">Last week</a>
a man serving an IPP sentence at HMP Manchester scaled the outside of
the prison and daubed ‘Free IPPZ’ on the roof, believed to be a
reference to IPP sentences. He remained there for twelve hours.</p>
<p>The government released their reaction to a Justice Select Committee
report into IPP sentences in February, but refused to enact the primary
recommendation, re-sentencing all IPP prisoners. The Ministry of Justice
said: ‘The Government’s long-held view is that this (re sentencing)
would give rise to an unacceptable risk to public protection and that
the IPP Action Plan, suitably updated, remains the best option by which
these offenders can progress towards safe release’.</p>
<p>The introduction of IPP sentences was intended to apply to around 900
offenders who posed a danger to the public but whose crimes didn’t
warrant a life sentence. In all, almost 9,000 people were sentenced
under IPP orders.</p>
<p>IPP sentences were abolished in 2012, but the change was not applied
retrospectively. Those still serving indeterminate sentences had to
continue to re-apply for parole. As of September 2022 there were 1,437
unreleased IPP prisoners in England and Wales, as well as 1,434 people
who had served IPP sentences and been recalled to custody. As of that
date, all but 43 of those IPP prisoners had passed their original tariff
date.</p><p><br /></p><p>COMMENTS:</p><p><b><span style="color: #3d85c6;"><br /></span></b></p><p><b><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Davis. </span></b></p><p>My heart goes out to you. Don't give up on your brother and from what i have heard my hat goes of to you. I feel your pain and frustration i hope there is light at the end of the tunnel soon, i pray.</p><p><b><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Asquith.</span></b></p><p>So sad listening to this, my condolences hopefully this year well over due, mainly the IPP Parole Board system changes (3.2.) Parole. The ability to re-open and re- take parole decisions if they are fundamentally flawed or if new information comes to light has preciously been possible but complex ed. This measure will clarify this position by putting it on a clear legislative footing.</p><p>The measure,once delivered via a amendment to the Parole Board rules will complement the existing recommendations mechanism by broadening the circumstances where the secretary of state can take action prior to release in response to the very rare occasions where a parole decision is seriously flawed. They will be available even once a decision has become final after 21- days, and where new information comes to light which was not available to the Parole Board panel at the time of the orginal hearing.</p><p>The current system for setting and varying licence conditions is complex and confusing for practitioners to apply correctly and the statutory provisions on responsibility for setting licence conditions are inconsistent across different determinate sentences types. For instance, currently the Parole Board is always responsible for setting conditions for Extended Determinate Sentences (EDS) and Sentences for Offender of Particular Concern (SOPC).</p><p>There is no power for the Secretary of state to set a vary conditions and so even where parole is refused and the offenders are released automatically at the end of the custodial term, the conditions must still be set by the Parole Board. Once enacted, these provisions will mean that, regardless of the sentence type, where the Parole Board directs the initial release then they will be responsible for setting and varying the licence conditions. And where a prisoner is released consecutively or automatically at the end of their custodial term by the Secretary of Date, with no Parole Board direction, responsible for the licence will fall to HMPPS.) </p><p><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.75pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><b style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">Sam </b><span style="letter-spacing: 0.266667px;"><b>Anderson</b></span><b style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> .</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.75pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #37474f; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>I can
relate to this as I am feeling the same I can't see a light at the end of the
tunnel wen I think of my son it's the same feeling I have when I think of my
mum and sister who both passed away years ago how many of more lives will be
taken before the people with the power end this nightmare I don't want to leave
my children and grandchildren but I'm not sure if I can carry on with the
future full of disappointment.</b></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.75pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: x-small;">Gemma Keane.</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.75pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: #37474f;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><b>Now we are in 2023.</b></span></span><b> </b></span><b style="color: #37474f; font-family: arial; font-size: small; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> open the doors now...let them out and get it sorted they have been mess about
too much alreadystill stuck talking about it...</b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: transparent; letter-spacing: 0.266667px;"><b>Laurence</b></span><b style="letter-spacing: 0.266667px;"> </b><span style="letter-spacing: 0.266667px;"><b>Cumming.</b></span><b style="letter-spacing: 0.266667px;"> </b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: #37474f; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><b>Unbelievable
Injustice ....calls into question the English Justice
System................</b></span></span><b style="color: #37474f; font-family: arial; font-size: small; letter-spacing: 0.266667px;">Having read many IPP blogs and accounts, I am appalled that this is considered Justice in the UK. </b><b style="color: #37474f; font-family: arial; font-size: small; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">A breakthrough is needed!</b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.0pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="color: #3d85c6; font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="letter-spacing: 0.4pt;">Jenifer </span></b><span style="letter-spacing: 0.533333px;"><b>Bennett.</b></span><b> </b></span><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 15.75pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: #37474f; font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;">My heart
goes out to anyone suffering the injustice of an IPP sentence, the latest post, </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.266667px;">demonstrates</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> how much suffering is being caused. </span></b></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.2pt;"> <b> </b></span></span></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-19120548790837277992022-11-29T19:19:00.002+00:002022-11-29T19:19:22.117+00:00<p><span style="font-size: x-large;">Is anyone out there</span></p>katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-37194909113939579872021-10-01T16:06:00.004+01:002022-02-08T15:03:03.296+00:00<p> </p><p><a href="https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-the-remaining-ipp-prisoners">Release the Remaining IPP Prisoners | 38 Degrees</a> </p><p><br /></p><p>Now </p><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face="Roboto, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f6f6f6; color: #333333; font-size: 16.96px; text-align: left;"><div class="stat-number" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: "Roboto Condensed", sans-serif; font-size: 50px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1em; margin-right: 5px;"><span data-signatures-size="petition.cached_signatures_size" id="signatures-size" style="box-sizing: border-box;">36,466</span></div><span style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16.96px;"> </span><div class="stat-label" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 20px; margin-top: 5px; vertical-align: top; width: 100px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">of 40,000</span></div></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p><br /><span color="var(--primary-text)" style="background-color: white; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; font-weight: 600;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oSLDKAOeaTc/YVcjUfqQUpI/AAAAAAAAofA/5GL_zWPdSXkn3_Ap5ik2XyKSUXeC1XjbACLcBGAsYHQ/s862/903244_10151563181058921_763124365_o.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="599" data-original-width="862" height="444" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oSLDKAOeaTc/YVcjUfqQUpI/AAAAAAAAofA/5GL_zWPdSXkn3_Ap5ik2XyKSUXeC1XjbACLcBGAsYHQ/w640-h444/903244_10151563181058921_763124365_o.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br />Call for Evidence by Tuesday 26 October 2021<p></p><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">IPP sentences were abolished in 2012 following heavy criticism of the structure of the sentences, and the systems surrounding their implementation and operation. At the time of abolition, the coalition government said the system was “not defensible”.[1] However, the change was not retrospective and did not apply to existing IPP prisoners.</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"><b>Before you continue writing your evidence</b></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">Your submission should:</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">be concise - if it’s over 3,000 words you should include a short summary as well</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">include an introduction to you or your organisation and your reason for submitting evidence</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">Your submission should not have been published anywhere already. This includes blogs, newspaper articles, websites and journals, for example.</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-weight: 600;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-weight: 600;">Uploading your evidence</span></span></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">The file you upload must: be less than 25MB</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">be a single Word, ODT or RTF document</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"><b>contain no logos</b></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">If you need help to send us your evidence</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">We want everyone’s voice to be heard in Parliament. Please contact us if you find it difficult to send us your evidence online.</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"><b>What happens to your evidence</b></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">Your evidence will usually be published online. We’ll read your evidence and use it to help the Committee’s inquiry. The Committee can also use or quote from your evidence in its report, which will be published on our webpages.</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">If your evidence is published it stays public forever. This means other people will be able to see and read what you send us. Your name, or your organisation’s name, will usually be published too.</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">The Committee does not have to accept your evidence or publish what you send us. We’ll e-mail you to let you know what’s happening to your evidence.</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">In certain circumstances you can ask us to keep your details anonymous or your submission confidential. For example, you might do this if your evidence contains very personal information about you or your family. You can make this request if necessary when you upload your evidence.</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"><b>Help and support</b></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">If you need help submitting your evidence, contact the Justice Committee by email at justicecom@parliament.uk, or by phone on 020 7219 8196/1280</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">As of 30 June 2021, there were 1,722 IPP prisoners. 96% of them have served time in prison beyond their tariff. IPP sentences have effectively been replaced by Extended Determinate sentences. Under those, and unlike under IPPs, people are released automatically at the end of their custodial term.</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">The aim of this inquiry is to examine the continued existence of IPP sentences and to identify possible legislative and policy solutions.</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">Note: The Committee will accept written submissions from serving prisoners by post - a maximum of 10 A4 pages. Submissions should be posted to: Justice Select Committee, House of Commons, London, SW1A 0AA. If accepted by the Committee, all prisoner evidence submissions will be made fully anonymous before being published.</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"><b>Terms of reference:</b></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">What options are available to reduce the size of the IPP prison population? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the different options?</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">What are the current barriers preventing release? What measures would need to be taken to overcome these barriers, and what would be the operational and resource implications for HMPPS?</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">What would be the options and implications of backdating the change to IPP legislation?</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">What is the experience of people on IPP sentences in prison? What additional mental health challenges do people serving IPP sentences face because of the nature of their indeterminate sentence?</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">How is release and resettlement planned and managed for IPP prisoners given their unpredictable release date?</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">How are people on IPP sentences managed within the community once released?</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">What are the main reasons why people serving IPP sentences are recalled? Once recalled what support is given to prepare them for re-release?</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"><b>Please send submissions of no more than 3,000 words </b>through the online portal by close of play</span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-weight: 600;">Tuesday 26 October 2021.</span></span></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"><a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/call-for-evidence/588/">Call for Evidence - Committees - UK Parliament</a></span></div><div class="bi6gxh9e" style="background-color: white; color: #050505; font-family: "Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: 8px;"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v b1v8xokw oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;">We would welcome early submissions. <span style="font-family: inherit;"><a class="oajrlxb2 g5ia77u1 qu0x051f esr5mh6w e9989ue4 r7d6kgcz rq0escxv nhd2j8a9 nc684nl6 p7hjln8o kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x jb3vyjys rz4wbd8a qt6c0cv9 a8nywdso i1ao9s8h esuyzwwr f1sip0of lzcic4wl py34i1dx gpro0wi8" href="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fcommittees.parliament.uk%2Fwork%2F1509%2Fimprisonment-for-public-protection-ipp-sentences%2F%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR38hcV5BtLxaRofV3bAjEke6uB0LW2errakNOYK1REFbJpGsvNiiGt2nhc&h=AT2Pj8_c56SzISyevmoSn_pDmLTM7eKO6A8YvOw_i8CDkQwflZtTEKsDQcdDzXbUlz1FB4zh1_64e6D5iPc3YpvmWjrrMF3KnIMedH9HF1VWVYzQulIEJs0MDqi78-hXWA&__tn__=-UK-R&c[0]=AT1O9xb8nanB9FERoV2EavIOLWtMgD-vKUVdqEwBhhIaqLorOO_x-oAnppfQ0NV0bK71TnXdQJ8HgDeyLOhIfV88ixJnAafPmfkdSZxr4vHgDjt29wE8qHyFiOsadGvVQry1Fjg6mPjQQ8QrIZd8AUJqhoo8_5y8BeU" rel="nofollow" role="link" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background-color: transparent; border-color: initial; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; display: inline; font-family: inherit; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-align: inherit; text-decoration-line: none; touch-action: manipulation;" tabindex="0" target="_blank">https://committees.parliament.uk/.../imprisonment-for.../</a></span></span></div>katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-35922078764470315382021-05-21T14:42:00.001+01:002021-05-21T15:10:54.162+01:00It is well published that IPP prisoners do all the correct things to secure release however are blocked by poorly managed and underfunded system ".<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">No Future, urged the Government to make the abolition of the
IPP retrospective, with judges resentencing those still in custody. Lord Brown
of Eaton-Under-Heywood, a former Justice of the Supreme Court, wrote in a
foreword: <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">“The case for reform is in truth irresistible and indeed long
overdue … Our reputation as a just nation demands that this IPP stain be at
last eradicated.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">
</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">House of Lords debate on the report, more peers backed the
call. Lord Woolf, the former Lord Chief Justice, said: “Unfortunately, the
method of getting rid of this category of prisoners is being too long delayed.” Peer
Baroness Burt said: “At this rate some IPP prisoners will never be released,
under a sentence that has now been discredited and abolished … We need to give
them a date after which they cannot be recalled.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><b><br /></b></span></p><h1 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>IPP Prisoner a Married women in prison denied contact with
each other win legal fight</b></span></h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">woman married inmate denied phone calls or visits with each
other have won a High Court battle after a judge found their relationship had
been reduced to “pen pals”.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The two women, neither of whom have been named, brought legal
action against HMP Whatton, HMP Stafford and the Ministry of Justice (MoJ) to
challenge their decisions to stop the couple from communicating except through
letters.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The 45-year-old woman who brought the claim was given an
imprisonment for public protection (IPP) sentence in 2006 for sexually
assaulting a child under 13, with a minimum term of just over one year.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Her wife, now 32, was given an IPP in 2009 for offences of
possession of indecent images, with a minimum term of 18 months.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The women, who are both transgender, met in HMP Whatton,
Nottinghamshire, in 2015. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Initially, all contact was refused after the move but the
pair were later allowed contact by letter, while phone calls and inter-prison
visits remained banned. In a judgment on Friday, Mr Justice Morris said the
women’s video links from their prisons for this court case was the first time
they had seen or heard each other in almost four years.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The woman who brought the claim argued the bans were an
unjustified interference with her right to a private and family life.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Mr Justice Morris said the woman did not oppose being
observed during the contact, adding she “would be happy for the prison to
monitor phone calls or accompany visits.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">“She has no problem with an officer even sitting in the
room.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Her lawyers argued the restrictions had been adopted with the
objective of splitting up the relationship and not due to an inability to
monitor and prevent offences or escalation of risk whilst in custody.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">However, the prisons and the MoJ argued that the two women
pose a risk to each other and the wider community? And that the risk is too
great to allow face-to-face or telephone contact.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">They argued that the woman who brought the claim has
psychopathic traits and is controlling.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Mr Justice Morris ruled in favour of the woman, finding the
bans were an “unnecessary and disproportionate” interference with her private
and family life.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">He said: “Both of them pose challenges for those entrusted
with their care within prison.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The judge continued: “Whilst disavowing any such intention,
it seems to me that by prohibiting phone contact and personal visits, when
combined with moving the claimant to another prison, the defendants have
reduced the nature of the relationship between this married couple to, at best,
one of ‘pen pals’.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">“Although I inquired, no explanation has been given in
evidence as to why, so shortly after they married, it was decided to move the
claimant.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Mr Justice Morris found there must be “firm evidence” of the
need for restrictions and that the defendants’ explanations were “various, and
at times vague and inconsistent”. The judge also awarded the claimant an
unspecified amount in damages, finding she had suffered “substantial anxiety,
frustration and distress” over the last few years.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">...............................................................................................................................<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><b> From: A, Mahajan Sent: 21 May 2021 <o:p></o:p></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>Subject: IPP</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">My personal experience is that inside Times are providing a
platform for crooked solicitors whom I found to be dishonest.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">All the solicitors but the one I contacted I located from
Inside Times ads. I was represented twice by those recommendations. First
referral recommended open conditions but MOJ without following due process
rejected PB recommendation and the 2nd time decision was so perverse that one
of the Inside Times published solicitors' firm found it worth a claim for JR
but betrayed me.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Now Ombudsman has found that they did not provide good
service but recommend only £500 compensation and an apology for them aggravating
my incarceration by more than 3 years.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">I feel strongly that the Legal aid solicitors are using legal
aid as a special benefits office for them. System through my eyes is rotten and
corrupt. Lammy Commission has sadly failed to find the whole truth.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Criminal Prosecution and judicial authorities are not mere
institutionally biased against the BAMEs but I feel a group of thieving
discriminatory executioners who I feel framed me hoping that I will die in
prison and criminal offences committed by committed by Criminal Underhill J
sitting as an High Court Appeals Judge.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">But for their misfortune I lived despite being clinically
dead and at the third referral in spite of the pressure from the parole Board
to instruct solicitors I acted in person and achieved my release after 12 years
4 months and 14 days. 7 years 4 months and 14 days over and above the
unlawful 5 years IPP that the judge ordered for a incorrect charge of Attempted
GBH contrary to S1 of the criminal attempts acts 1981 made by planting and
manufacturing evidence.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">HHJ Topolski a former old bailey judge who sat as a panel
member initiated that my case is a case of serious miscarriage of justice but
the Parole Board, which I find unfit for the purpose moreover when threatened
to ever mention what HHJ Topolski the Baily Judge had found. The parole board
established that I was framed and unlawfully sentenced to make my release
dependent on the mercy of thugs within the parole Board, yet they considered
and continue to consider me guilty as charged.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">CCRC operating as conniving questionable unfairness’s
alliance<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">I was disseminated against like me and many they refused to
accept my application in person such are now facing my claim form the High
Court on four counts Discrimination. malicious falsehoods, abuse of the process
and refusing to carry out their statutory duties. I have two applications to
the court that I made in April 2020 remain without court order. I feel strongly
that Judges are equally guilty of not carrying out their duty under the Human
Rights Act to making declaration of incompatibility of IPP laws with the Human
Rights Act and European Convention of Human rights and they used IPP for their
personal vendettas. Lawyers simply did not have the courage to speak up
against criminals judges.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">I personally come to understand, Wells Buncombe who are
pretending to be heroes are nothing but a deception, misleading the victims for
gain. I personally can say that David Rose who gave me wrong guidance regarding
my appeal from a guided by the poor decision of the single judge and never
showed the decency to even look or consider my case.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">summing up is please do not be fooled and question
everything! Victims' families need to have united front to expose injustice and
the immoral politicians designing laws designed to hurt ordinary the public.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">I have over 35 years of experience in the RCJ and now over 12
years of criminal and prison law. I personal feel the truth is the MOJ is
making unlawful rules and Parole Board and Probation service are compromising
their so-called independence. They simply have no pride in their profession to
keep running an unfair and immoral business. i am quite happy to meet with any
of the office bearers of those association. i will keep you updated of my claim
against the CCRC.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Woman who served there sentence still in prison 34 years
after getting 12-year term. but told ‘Management plan is not robust enough or
licence conditions stringent enough to ensure they can be safely managed upon
release?’<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">A woman jailed on a IPP Sentence for a minimum of 12 years is still behind bars
34 years later. Maria Pearson, UK’s longest-serving female prisoners, has
served nearly 34 years behind bars. The 65-year-old, who once insisted she there is ‘no danger to society’. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">It not about
danger "It is well published that IPP prisoners do all the correct things
to secure release however are blocked by poorly managed and
underfunded system ".<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt;">The </span><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Parole board informed the public sum
years prior 2020 that all IPP prisoner was going to be
released by 2020, 2020 recanted as Infusiastic </span></p></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">In her latest review, held in July 2020, heard there were
conflicting views over whether she could be managed in the community </span><span style="font-size: 16pt;">and added any move into the community would be ‘extremely
challenging’. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The mum-of-three was 31 jealousy-fuelled attack
on the society clerk in Hartlepool happened two days after she and Pearson’s
ex-lover Malcome Pearson got engaged.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">She was jailed on June 24, 1987 and was given a sentence
known as IPP . As part of that, she was told she needed to spend at least 12
years behind bars. The IPP sentences, which were scrapped nearly 10 years ago,
would give a minimum jail term but no maximum. Pearson has tried a number of
times to be released but with no success. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">22 years have now passed since her minimum tariff expired. </span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The panel did not give the green light for her release but
made a recommendation for a move to open conditions. But she remains in a
closed prison and the date of a move to open prison has not been confirmed. A
subsequent application by Pearson to reconsider the refuse her freedom was
turned down. "A Parole Board spokesman said ‘We cannot comment on
individual cases. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px;"><em style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;">This is a guest post by Lisa Smitherman, Director of Justice at Catch22.</em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 22.8267px;"><a href="https://mailchi.mp/russellwebster/full-list-of-new-providers-of-rehabilitative-services?e=16738d0344">Full list of New Providers Of Rehabilitative Services (mailchi.mp)</a></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><b>Judges
Must Consider Rights Of Children When Sentencing Mothers</b></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Joint Committee on Human Rights Report<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The Joint Committee on Human Rights used a new <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/8293011889770348192/3592207876447031538">report</a> on
the Children of mothers in prison and the right to family life published on
Friday (14 May 2021) to table five new amendments to the Police, Crime,
Sentencing and Courts Bill. Three of the amendments will:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Require judges to consider Pre Sentence Reports including
information about children before sentencing a mother<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Require judges to take into account the best interests of the
child<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Require Government to gather and publish data on how many
children are born in prison and how many children are separated from their
mother in prison<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>Report findings</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The Committee urges the Government to use the passage of the
Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Bill to put right some of the injustices
relating to the sentencing of mothers.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The sentencing of a mother should not result in a sentence
for a dependent child too, says the Committee’s report.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The report contains five amendments which would ensure the
rights of dependent children are properly considered and respected when a
primary carer is sentenced.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">When a criminal court sentences a parent with a dependent
child, the Article 8 ECHR rights of the parent and the child are engaged.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">In upholding these rights, judges should ensure that the
child’s right to a family life is only interfered with to the extent that is
both necessary and proportionate.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The Committee fails to see how the welfare and best interests
of children are being sufficiently considered if they are not prioritised when
a parent is sentenced. These amendments, when included in statute, should
ensure the rights of children are not ignored.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The failure of Government to capture basic data about primary
carers in prison and their dependent children, is a ‘blatant disregard’ for the
rights of the child and their parents’ right to family life.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Despite repeated calls from the Committee to collect data,
the Government still does not know how many mothers of dependent children go to
prison, or how many children are separated from their mothers through
imprisonment.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">This lack of basic information prevents essential services
from planning for children whose mothers are in prison.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">It deprives the child from accessing the support that will
help them during and after their mother’s sentence.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">
</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The Committee proposes the insertion of an new clause
imposing a requirement on the Secretary of State to collect and publish data on
the number of prisoners who are the primary carers of a child and the number of
children who have a primary carer in custody.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.375rem; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></p><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background-color: #fafafa; border-collapse: collapse; color: black; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="yiv4177635751templateHeader" style="border-bottom: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 0px; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv4177635751templateContainer" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 640px;"><tbody><tr><td class="yiv4177635751headerContainer" style="margin: 0px; padding: 9px 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv4177635751mcnTextBlock" style="border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 100%; width: 100%px;"><tbody class="yiv4177635751mcnTextBlockOuter"></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td align="center" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="yiv4177635751templateBody" style="border-bottom: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 0px; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv4177635751templateContainer" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 640px;"><tbody><tr><td class="yiv4177635751bodyContainer" style="margin: 0px; padding: 9px 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv4177635751mcnTextBlock" style="border-collapse: collapse; min-width: 100%; width: 100%px;"><tbody class="yiv4177635751mcnTextBlockOuter"><tr><td class="yiv4177635751mcnTextBlockInner" style="margin: 0px; padding: 9px 0px 0px;" valign="top"><table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv4177635751mcnTextContentContainer" style="border-collapse: collapse; max-width: 100%; min-width: 100%; width: 100%px;"><tbody><tr><td class="yiv4177635751mcnTextContent" style="line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 18px 9px;" valign="top"><div style="color: #202020; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=479b51b01f&e=16738d0344" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" style="color: #26abe2; cursor: pointer;" target="_blank"><img alt="Child prison visitor" height="563" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.russellwebster.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F07%2FPRT-children-18-725x563.jpg&t=1621257836&ymreqid=eb849095-b5c0-da3b-301f-6b004b01a400&sig=_AX4bfoIqiIdfJkRYzKWDg--~D" style="border: 0px; height: auto; outline: none; text-decoration-line: none;" width="725" /></a> © Andy Aitchison</div><h4 style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></h4></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><h1 class="ssrcss-1pl2zfy-StyledHeading e1fj1fc10" id="main-heading" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSerif, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 2.75rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 3rem; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" tabindex="-1"><br /></h1><h1 class="ssrcss-1pl2zfy-StyledHeading e1fj1fc10" id="main-heading" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSerif, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 2.75rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 3rem; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" tabindex="-1"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The five
amendments<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The five
amendments proposed by the Committee are reproduced in full below:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Amendment 1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">This
amendment makes clear the requirement for a sentencing judge to have a copy of
a pre-sentence report considering the impact of a custodial sentence on the
dependent child, when sentencing a primary carer of a child. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Amendment 2<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">This
amendment requires a sentencing judge to state how the best interests of a
child were considered when sentencing a primary carer of a dependent
child. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Amendment 3<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">This
amendment reflects the requirement for a sentencing judge to consider the
impact of a custodial sentence on a child when sentencing a primary carer of a
dependent child. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Amendment 4<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">This
amendment reflects the requirement for a judge to consider the impact of not
granting bail on a child, when determining, in criminal proceedings, whether to
grant bail to a primary carer of a dependent child. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Amendment 5<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">This
amendment imposes a requirement on the Secretary of State to collect and
publish data on the number of prisoners who are the primary carers of a child
and the number of children who have a primary carer in custody. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Have
the courts consider the right for IPP PRISONERS to family life when
leaving prison any IPP prisoners i moved around the country despite
having support and a safe family and taken from from there family or
dependent Child. </span></span><span face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size: 16pt;">Russel
Hobbs.</span></p></h1><h1 class="ssrcss-1pl2zfy-StyledHeading e1fj1fc10" id="main-heading" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSerif, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 2.75rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 3rem; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" tabindex="-1"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 26pt; line-height: 107%;">Prisoner
served 10 years for mobile phone theft<span style="font-weight: 500;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p></h1><h1 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 38px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Despite being scrapped in 2012, nearly 2,000 prisoners are
still being detained on such sentences.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">IPPs were intended for the most dangerous offenders but
Martin Jones said others got "caught up".<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The Ministry of Justice said it was helping IPP inmates progress
towards release while ensuring public safety.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Unlike other sentences, IPPs do not have a fixed term,
meaning prisoners have no idea when they will be released.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Once they are, they are on licence for life. Rates for recall
back to prison are high, as many battle with mental health and addiction
problems.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The Parole Board said it has a duty to protect the public
from those who pose a significant risk, and while the number of IPPs had fallen
by about 70% in recent years, he had "lingering concerns about that small
group of people with very short tariffs".<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"That's the difficulty of IPPs - there's no end to
this," he said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"They can be lawfully kept in prison for the rest of
their lives, unless the parole board decide they are safe to be released.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"How do you break free of that cycle of somebody whose
mental health has deteriorated in prison, to get to the point where you could
safely be released?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"There's a huge waste of people's lives as a result of
this."<o:p></o:p></span></p></h1><div class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="ssrcss-3z08n3-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div><div class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="ssrcss-3z08n3-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div><h1 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 38px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-x5Pb91z-WHQ/YGSOPPKJWOI/AAAAAAAAoU4/xY0X2GRjDJkQwSuaN5XSWiPO4iso18wewCLcBGAsYHQ/s278/_117763222_d8340b1c-3ede-4b19-b13e-f2315bf33361n.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="278" data-original-width="213" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-x5Pb91z-WHQ/YGSOPPKJWOI/AAAAAAAAoU4/xY0X2GRjDJkQwSuaN5XSWiPO4iso18wewCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/_117763222_d8340b1c-3ede-4b19-b13e-f2315bf33361n.jpg" /></a></div><br /></h1><div class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="ssrcss-3z08n3-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div><div class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="ssrcss-3z08n3-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-gKhqsYXsn7Q/YGSMmqPOs4I/AAAAAAAAoUw/SgKI10J7V8gDfubNPwg1cc80996GhqdsgCLcBGAsYHQ/s976/_117761819_0ed0cb6b-5e5a-4ec6-899a-ca91299b5500.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="549" data-original-width="976" height="179" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-gKhqsYXsn7Q/YGSMmqPOs4I/AAAAAAAAoUw/SgKI10J7V8gDfubNPwg1cc80996GhqdsgCLcBGAsYHQ/w317-h179/_117761819_0ed0cb6b-5e5a-4ec6-899a-ca91299b5500.jpg" width="317" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 16pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit; text-align: justify;">ight weeks after they were introduced, then 24-year-old
Martin Tawton, from Cardiff was sentenced to an IPP sentence for street robbery
after stealing a mobile phone.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">He was given a minimum term of three and a half years, but as
many IPP prisoners found, there were lengthy waits to complete the training courses
required before the Parole Board would consider release.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">He eventually served 10 years.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"If he'd have been sentenced eight weeks earlier, he
would have been home a long time ago," says his mum, Sue Hennessy.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"His life would have been back together."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">But that decade changed him, she said. "It wears you
down, never knowing when you're going to come home. There's no hope for you.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"You see other prisoners coming in for similar, if not
the same offences, doing their time and going home, whilst the IPPs are left
waiting for courses, or to go to other prisons to do these courses."</span></p></div></div><h1 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 38px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 26pt; line-height: 107%;">Amnesty International calls on UK to free thousands of
prisoners held on abolished IPP sentences<o:p></o:p></span></p></h1><div><div class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="ssrcss-3z08n3-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Since release in 2015, Martin, now 40, is on licence for life
and has been recalled three times for failing to comply with his conditions.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Currently he is in HMP Cardiff, waiting to be transferred to
HMP Parc to complete a course, before the Parole Board will consider releasing
him.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"The things he's getting recalled for are things that
could be dealt with in the community," said Sue, citing times when he had
stayed with her, instead of the hostel, and most recently because he had
aroused suspicion because he was found in possession of a bicycle and was
smelling of alcohol.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/8293011889770348192/3592207876447031538">Jail
terms with no end date 'a death sentence'</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/8293011889770348192/3592207876447031538">'Life
sentence' for stealing a mobile phone</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/8293011889770348192/3592207876447031538">'Left
in limbo' by indefinite jail term</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"He took a bike out of a skip," she said. "He
had visions of putting it back together so that he could come and see me, but
they assumed he'd stolen it.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"If they'd asked him, it could have been sorted,
nevertheless he was recalled for that."<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><div class="ssrcss-18mjolk-ComponentWrapper e1xue1i80" data-component="image-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1.5rem 0px; max-width: 50rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><figure class="ssrcss-2y05cd-StyledFigure e34k3c20" style="border: 0px none; display: block; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.125rem; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="ssrcss-kwaqyc-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c22" style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-f-WGiukxVqg/YGSOuB-qOoI/AAAAAAAAoVE/puF7x3Vq-4o_MUvjzAzvxVI3D0hw15P6gCLcBGAsYHQ/s976/_117761816_b7c5cee2-12a0-4c38-9ee2-6c89ecbb5b90.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="549" data-original-width="976" height="360" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-f-WGiukxVqg/YGSOuB-qOoI/AAAAAAAAoVE/puF7x3Vq-4o_MUvjzAzvxVI3D0hw15P6gCLcBGAsYHQ/w640-h360/_117761816_b7c5cee2-12a0-4c38-9ee2-6c89ecbb5b90.jpg" width="640" /></a></div> Parole bo chief executive Martin Jones said IPPs have been toxic</div><div class="ssrcss-kwaqyc-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c22" style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"> </div><div class="ssrcss-kwaqyc-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c22" style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"> <br /><div class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="ssrcss-3z08n3-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"> Mr Jones said the way in which the sentence has
worked has been "particularly toxic" <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">and suggested a number of changes could be considered,
including:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Resentencing
exercise for those given shorter minimum terms<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Review
whether offenders still need to be on licence after two years, instead of the
current 10 years<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Introduce
a fixed, 28 day recall period to better determine risk<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">The sentences were introduced in 2005 and scrapped seven
years later - "an indictment" of their lack of success, said Mr
Jones.</span></p></div></div></div></figure></div></div><div><div class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="ssrcss-3z08n3-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px; color: #3f3f42; font-family: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">There are 1,849 prisoners still serving IPP sentences, 95% of
whom (1,754) are post-tariff, meaning they have served longer than the minimum
term set by a judge.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Of these, 200 were sentenced to less than two years, but are
10 years or more over tariff.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">In one example, a person was given a minimum term of 28 days.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"It's quite extraordinary to suggest that person is
going to serve 28 days for punishment and then potentially spend the rest of
their life in prison at the mercy of the Parole Board," said Martin Jones.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"Thousands of IPPs have been moved safely on to being
released and the overwhelming majority do not commit a serious offence after
being released. Our serious offending rate is less than 1%."<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">He has no doubt the sentence is appropriate for some
offenders, who remain a serious risk to the public - the likes of Baby P's mum,
Tracey Connelly or black cab rapist John Worboys.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">A serious further offence committed by an IPP offender only
serves to highlight the risks being weighed - Usman Khan was on licence from an
IPP sentence when he went on to kill two people on London Bridge in 2019.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-size: inherit; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">However, he feels they are likely to be in the minority.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 21.3333px;"> oh</span></p></div></div><div class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="ssrcss-3z08n3-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span face="ReithSerif, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif" style="font-size: 26pt; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit;">"Catch 22
situation'</span></p></div></div><div class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="ssrcss-3z08n3-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">He said: "Ten years on from the abolition of the
sentence, maybe people do need to look at what the final legacy of the sentence
would be to ensure that it's working in the way that everybody working in the
justice system - and indeed parliamentarians - are happy with.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"Because if not, I could see the number of IPPs in
prison remaining well over 1,000 for some years to come, and that would be
deeply troubling."<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">He said resentencing those who had originally been given
shorter minimum terms could be an option.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"It's absolutely true to say that many of the people
suffering the deepest problems is because they need help with their mental
health and that's something which the system needs to be better in doing.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"The biggest concern is a loss of hope. There are many
opportunities in prison to make poor choices. If you went into prison because
you were committing offences because you had a drug addiction, and we look at
you 10 years later and you've still got a serious problem, that makes it very
difficult for us to make a decision that person remains safe to be released.
It's a Catch 22 situation."<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">As for recalls, "I certainly see some real problems with
IPP recalls," he said.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"The numbers are actually quite frightening - it's
around 1,300 IPPs that are now back in custody on recall. When those are
reviewed by the Parole Board, we find around 70% are re-released.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"It is possible for an IPP to seek an end of their
license period after 10 years in the community. That's a long time," he
said, suggesting two or five years as an alternative.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">A Ministry of Justice spokesperson said: "The number of
IPP prisoners has fallen by two-thirds since 2012 - and is down 13% in the last
year.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">"We are helping those still in custody progress towards
release, but as a judge has deemed them to be a high risk to the public, extra
measures are in place to ensure they are safe to leave prison."<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><div class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="ssrcss-3z08n3-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Comments</p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #073763;"> </span></p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #073763;">Sam</span></p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span face=""Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #f0f2f5; color: #050505; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Totally, my daughters dad is an IPP, we need to hear from more ppl like you. I tell him to write a book on it, he got 6 yrs still there 15 later x</span></p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #073763;"> </span></p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #073763;">Mrs Horton </span></p><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Good to see Martin finaly. speaking out <span face=""Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #f0f2f5; color: #050505; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">especially about the mental health issues which are caused by the sentence but at the same time prevent release!</span><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql lr9zc1uh a8c37x1j keod5gw0 nxhoafnm aigsh9s9 d3f4x2em fe6kdd0r mau55g9w c8b282yb iv3no6db jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v knj5qynh oo9gr5id" color="var(--primary-text)" dir="auto" style="display: block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.9375rem; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3333; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; word-break: break-word;"></span></p><div class="kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit; text-align: start;"> </div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit; text-align: start;"><span style="background-color: #073763;"><br /></span></div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit; text-align: start;"><span style="color: #073763;">Lisa<br /></span></div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit; text-align: start;">My brother stil in 17 years later of a 21 month ipp disgraceful</div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit; text-align: start;"> </div><div dir="auto" style="font-family: inherit; text-align: start;"><span face=""Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #f0f2f5; color: #050505; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> I met so many people in that position and it’s not nice to see knowing exactly what my family went through during the process and even going back on recall and getting back out I feel for the familys and kids only I wish I could do something to help those people honestly people kill people .</span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #073763;"><span style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(240, 242, 245);">mark</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: rgb(240, 242, 245); color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">We need more awareness what we/he did doesn’t warrant being
locked up for that long I’m talking from experience but someone who managed to
get out on my second parole we all make mistakes but don’t deserve to suffer
for extended periods of time</span></p>
</div><span style="color: #073763;"><span face=""Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #f0f2f5; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Gemma </span></span></div><div class="kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span face=""Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #f0f2f5; color: #050505; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">My daughters dad got a 6 yr tariff, he's now into his 15year </span><span face=""Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #f0f2f5; color: #050505; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">has been moved from prison to physc place.</span></div><div class="kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span face=""Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #f0f2f5; color: #050505; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></div><div class="kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span style="color: #073763;"><span face=""Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #f0f2f5; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span face=""Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: pre-wrap; word-spacing: 0px;">Jan</span></span></span></div><div class="kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span face=""Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #f0f2f5; color: #050505; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span face=""Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #050505; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: pre-wrap; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">My son was released 30 March 2021 after serving 16 years for a 4 year sentence. Finally he can move forward. Hoping the rest of you will soon have your loved ones home. Bless you all.x</span></span></div><div class="kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word;"><span face=""Segoe UI Historic", "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #f0f2f5; color: #050505; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></div><p></p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #073763;">Dean </span></p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">i was relased some years back I now have my own company everyone needs a change in life so keep fighting for change.</p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> <br /></p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-56580858">Prisoner served 10 years for mobile phone theft - BBC News</a></p></div></div><section class="ssrcss-kqym7f-SectionWrapper e1nh2i2l4" data-component="tag-list" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #3f3f42; display: block; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.125rem; margin: 1.5rem 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 1.5rem 0px 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="ssrcss-1ig489z-StyledTagContainer ed0g1kj0" style="border: 0px; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.125rem; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="ssrcss-4c4zzp-SectionHeaderWrapper e1nh2i2l3" style="border: 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="ssrcss-17tl22c-SectionHeader eik4du50" style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: rgb(184, 0, 0); border-top-style: solid; border-width: 0.125rem 0px 0px; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 1rem 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="ssrcss-1nrzmoz-StyledHeading e1fj1fc10" style="border: 0px; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSerif, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 1.25rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.5rem; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> <br /></i></span></h2></div></div></div></section><h3 class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 28px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 40px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Leading human rights organisation calls on UK to free thousands of prisoners held on abolished IPP sentences</i></span></h3></div><div><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Amnesty International has said the Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentence is “unfair and unjust”, and claimed people being held on it are subject to “arbitrary detention”. It said they should be released unless they were proved to be dangerous. The intervention by Amnesty, which has previously declined to express a view, will come as a boost to families campaigning against the IPP. The sentences were abolished in 2012 but remain in force for people already on them. Of more than 8,000 people handed them between 2005 and 2012 in England and Wales, around 3,400 are still in custody.</p><ul style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; list-style: outside none none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><li class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">The Ministry of Justice expects the number of IPP prisoners to stay at 3,400 for the next five years, because the number being recalled will match the number being released.</li><li class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">65 people serving the sentences have taken their own lives in custody.</li><li class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">One man has served 15 years for making threats to kill, having been given an IPP sentence with a minimum term of four-and-a-half months.</li></ul><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">IPP was introduced in 2005 for people convicted of serious violent or sexual offences which did not warrant life sentences. It carried a minimum term or “tariff”, but once this was served the prisoner remained in custody until the Parole Board deemed him or her safe to release. Judges were stopped from passing the sentences in 2012, after courts found them to be illegal because the courses which prisoners needed to complete to show their risk had reduced were often unavailable. However, their abolition was not made retrospective. Most IPP prisoners are years past their tariff and some are past the maximum determinate sentence allowed in law for their offence.<span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Asked to comment, Amnesty International – which has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, and is best known for campaigning for the release of political prisoners – released a statement from its International Secretariat saying: “These continued detentions are arbitrary and those detained under them should be released unless it can be proved they remain a danger. The fact that this sentence regime has been repealed is clearly an acknowledgement that the IPP sentencing regime was unfair and unjust. International human rights law demands/requires that those detained under an IPP sentence benefit from this repeal.”</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Ministry of Justice has forecast that in September this year there will be 1,700 IPP prisoners awaiting their first release and another 1,700 who have been released but since recalled to custody for breaching licence conditions – a total of 3,400. By September 2026, the number awaiting first release is expected to have fallen to 800 but the number held on recall is expected to have risen to 2,600 – leaving the total still at 3,400. By then it will be at least 14 years since they were sentenced.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Lyn Brown, Labour’s shadow prisons minister, commented: “Thousands of offenders remain on IPP sentences today. These depressing forecasts show that number has little prospect of reducing.”</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Since 2006, there have been 200 deaths in custody of IPP prisoners, of which 65 were self-inflicted, according to the Ministry of Justice. The figures were released in response to Freedom of Information requests from Donna Mooney, whose brother Tommy Nicol took his own life while serving an IPP sentence. She is a co-founder of a new campaign, United Group for Reform of IPP (UNGRIPP), which is urging the Government to abolish the sentence retrospectively and resentence everyone who is still serving it.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Among those still awaiting initial release is Royston Cox, sentenced in 2005 for making threats to kill. He was given an IPP sentence with a tariff of 148 days but he is still in prison 15 years later. The maximum sentence for making threats to kill is 10 years. Among those who have urged the Government to resolve the status of IPP prisoners are former Justice Secretaries Michael Gove and Ken Clarke, former Supreme Court Justice Lord Brown of Eaton-under-Heywood, and former Lord Chief Justice Lord Woolf.</p><h1 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 38px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;"><br /></h1><h1 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 38px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;">IPP: Creation, abolition and festering afterlife</h1><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;">Tony Blair’s slogan of ‘tough on crime, tough on the causes of crime’ helped New Labour to successive landslides in the elections of 1997 and 2001. And what could be tougher on crime than a new type of prison sentence – without an end date?</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">That’s what David Blunkett proposed when he became Home Secretary in 2001. A White Paper in 2002 envisaged ‘a new sentence to ensure that dangerous violent and sexual offenders stay in custody for as long as they present a risk to society’. It would apply to those whose crimes were serious, but not serious enough to warrant a life sentence. Once they had served their ‘tariff’ or minimum term, they would stay in jail until the Parole Board deemed them safe to release. Called Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP), the sentence became law in England and Wales in the Criminal Justice Act 2003 and took effect in 2005.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">It soon became clear that judges were giving out IPPs in large numbers – including for crimes such as street robbery and making threats to kill, which are not the most serious violent offences. The prison population had been rising fast since the 1990s, leaving jails struggling to provide the courses and programmes which IPP prisoners needed to complete to make the case that they could be released safely. By the end of 2007, with 3,700 IPP prisoners, including 500 who were past their tariff, the Court of Appeal found that the Government had acted unlawfully with ‘a systemic failure to put in place the resources necessary to implement the scheme of rehabilitation’.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">“Those not sentenced to life imprisonment but who are nevertheless a danger to society will remain in custody until they are considered safe for release.”</i></span></p><p class="p2" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Home Secretary David Blunkett announcing plans for the IPP in 2002</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">In 2008, the rules were altered with a ‘seriousness threshold’ to restrict eligibility, but numbers continued to grow. In the same year, the all-party Justice Committee called the sentence ‘flawed’.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">When Labour lost the 2010 election, the new Coalition government moved swiftly to abolish the IPP. From 2012, judges could no longer pass the sentence. But the change was not made retrospective – so the 8,711 people who had been given the sentences would continue to serve them.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">From a peak of 6,000 in 2012, the number of serving IPP prisoners has declined – but slowly, with around 3,400 still in jail. Their detention many years beyond their tariffs, and even past the maximum sentences for their crimes, has been condemned by ex-ministers and retired judges. There have even been statements of regret from Lord Blunkett. But the Government insists that the sentences must continue to be served.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">“We do not think that it is right or appropriate retrospectively to alter sentences that were lawfully imposed by the court simply because a policy decision has now been taken to repeal that sentence.”</i></span></p><p class="p2" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Lord McNally, then Justice Minister, explaining in 2012 why existing IPP prisoners would remain on the sentence</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Now a new problem has arisen. Once released, an IPP prisoner is on licence and can be recalled for any breach of the rules. (Ten years after their first release, they can apply for the licence to be removed, but up to last autumn only three had successfully done so.)</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The number being recalled has grown to almost match the number being released. Officials at the Ministry of Justice expect that this year the number on recall will overtake the number awaiting their first release – and for the next five years they expect the overall total to remain near the current 3,400.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">By then, they will all be serving sentences handed down at least 14 years previously. Truly tough on crime, but hardly tough on the impact of the long discredited sentence.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"> </p><h3 class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 28px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 40px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; color: red; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">IPP by numbers</span></span></h3><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">4 April 2005: </span><span class="s1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Date the IPP came into law<span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">95: </span>Number of ‘specified’ offences for which the sentence could be given, from robbery to arson to indecent assault</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2</span><a href="https://metro.co.uk/2021/05/03/love-rival-killer-given-minimum-sentence-of-12-years-is-still-in-prison-after-three-decades-14511142/" style="background-color: transparent;">Woman who killed love rival still in prison 34 years after getting 12-year term | Metro News</a><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">8 days: </span>The shortest tariff issued on an IPP sentence</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">8,711: </span>The number of IPPs given out before they were abolished in 2012</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">97%: </span>The proportion of those given the sentence who were male</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">3,400: </span>The number of IPP prisoners in custody by September 2021, according to MoJ forecasts</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">3,400: </span>The number still in custody by September 2026, according to the same set of forecasts</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">65: </span>The number of IPP-sentenced prisoners who have taken their own lives in custody</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">3: </span>The number of IPP prisoners who have had their licences revoked by the Parole Board, under a rule which allows them to apply 10 years after their initial release<span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><span color="windowtext" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/fears-over-government-plan-to-hold-prisoners-of-concern-beyond-release-date/" title="Fears over Government plan to hold “prisoners of concern” beyond release date">Fears over
Government plan to hold “prisoners of concern” beyond release date</a></span></span><span style="font-size: 18pt;">28th
September 2020 </span><span style="font-size: 18pt;">In
"*Newsround"</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">n the aftermath of the publication of the Green Paper Emmersons Solicitors sought the views of those affected by IPP sentences so that we could compile a consolidated response. We are grateful to all the prisoners, their friends and their families who responded by post, email, on Facebook, Twitter and our online petition. We took into account every one of the eight hundred or so replies that we received. The following text is an abridged version of our response:</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">As it presently stands the IPP system does not work. There are thousands of post-tariff prisoners sentenced before July 2008 who find themselves unable to persuade the Parole Board to release them. The onus is on the prisoner to prove that they are no longer dangerous. Far too often they are not given the opportunity to do so because of a shortage of courses, or being held in – or sent to the wrong prison for their sentence plan and unable to obtain a swift transfer elsewhere, or because the waiting lists for courses is several years long. Parole hearings are deferred, post programme reports are delayed, and those who have received ‘knock-backs’ are then set further review dates far into the future.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Parole Board is far too risk averse. The current test (whether it is necessary for the protection of the public for the offender to remain in prison) is too widely interpreted. As a result nearly all IPP prisoners remain in custody post-tariff, at a huge annual cost to the taxpayer, when rigorous supervision in the community could be less costly and more effective in terms of actual rehabilitation.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">A large number of responses we received portrayed a system that is bursting at the seams, is unfit for purpose, inhumane and utterly unfair. As IPP prisoners have no idea when they will be released their marriages and other family relationships suffer, and mental health and self-esteem deteriorates. Many IPP prisoners suffer from mental health problems, feelings of utter hopelessness, mistrust of the system, and feelings of victimisation. Prisoners felt strongly that there was ‘no light at the end of the tunnel’, and asked ‘If I don’t have a release date, how can I ever plan for my life after prison?’??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Many IPP prisoners are well aware of the effect of poor behavior but many prisoners wrote about ‘not wanting to rock the boat’ with staff or ‘make waves’ by complaining about the lack of courses. Prisoners serving determinate sentences also had less to lose, which in some cases created difficulties for IPPs who did not want to be adjudicated for having to defend themselves. This has created a two-tier prison system; those who have it all to lose, and those who have nothing to lose. Conversely, there were also those who were sentenced to IPP, were convinced they would never be released, and therefore concluded that they had nothing to lose either.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The onus must be taken away from the offender to prove they are no longer dangerous. At present, the emphasis is on preventative detention and the interpretation of ‘dangerousness’ is speculative and too widely applied.??It appears to us that the Green Paper does not outline any specific plans for speeding up risk assessments by, for example, substantially reducing the requirement for an oral hearing in front of the Parole Board to move prisoners to open conditions. Although the Parole Board lists oral hearings according to priority there is still often a considerable amount of waiting time before the hearing takes place.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Secretary of State has the power to direct a prisoner’s move to open conditions without an oral hearing, but at present this is only used in exceptional circumstances. We would ask that the Government makes wider use of this power. In the same way as the Parole Board is entitled to use pre-sift procedures and the ICM stage to consider cases on the papers, risk assessments with a view to a move to open conditions could similarly be considered (if, for example, all parties recommended it). ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The questions we asked our respondents were as follows: ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Do you think that the way the IPP sentence is announced in court, i.e. the length of the tariff, is confusing? ??</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Nearly all respondents agreed. Some prisoners had no idea that they had been given indeterminate sentences until several months, and in a few cases over a year, into their sentences. ?There was widespread confusion over the way that the judge announced the IPP sentence in court, and often the notional determinate sentence was confused with the length of the tariff. A recurring misconception was the idea that IPP prisoners are serving a sentence of 99 years. This is simply because the computer system cannot recognise indeterminacy. Several respondents reported that prison staff told prisoners “we’ve got 99 years with you, wait a bit longer for that course.” ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Many prisoners knew virtually nothing about their sentence on arrival in prison, relying heavily on other prisoners to explain the practical elements of IPP to them. Relatives (and other members of the public) were very poorly informed as to the nature and structure of the sentence, and the determination of ‘dangerousness’ by the court. In several cases, relatives who were not present at court were unable to accept that their loved one had been given a sentence tantamount to ‘life’ and this caused mistrust within family relationships: families felt that they must have been lied to by the prisoner about the seriousness of the offence.??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Was the effect of the ‘dangerousness’ label and the requirement to ‘reduce your risk’ explained to you at the start of the IPP sentence? ??</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">A lot of respondents did not understand that the IPP sentence meant that they had been assessed as ‘dangerous’ and therefore had to reduce their risk if they were to be able to work towards release. Many relied on other IPP prisoners to explain this to them. While some understood immediately what they needed to do to reduce their risk, there were others who ‘gave up hope’ early on, compounded by the fact that they had no answer to the question ‘when are you coming home?’??Some prisoners had successfully completed dozens of courses but were still no closer to understanding when they would be deemed suitable for release.??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">What is your experience of the availability of offending behaviour courses?</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Nearly everyone described substantial delays; with some having lengthy offending behavior courses added to a sentence plan weeks before tariff expiry. In a few cases, some prisoners had not received a sentence plan by tariff expiry.??Others had only been able to complete one objective in several years. There was a general feeling that the provision of courses was under equipped, poorly organised and inconsistencies between establishments as to whether a particular course was suitable or not, which prisons offered which courses, how long the waiting lists were, and prisoners being transferred to establishments which had no suitable courses for them. There was also concern expressed over IPP prisoners who had learning difficulties. Many respondents were mistrustful of psychologists and expressed frustrations over inaccuracies in reports, which were often not rectified despite verbal assurances. In a few cases, some prisoners were told that they were not suitable for any offending behavior courses.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Do you feel that the structure of the IPP sentence is adequately explained to offenders, their families, victims and the public in general?</span> ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">A small number of prisoners (mostly new IPPs) understood exactly what type of sentence they were facing and what they needed to do to reduce their risk. Some prisoners sentenced soon after IPPs came into force were not advised by their lawyers that IPP was even a possibility. Probation officers had often compounded the problem in these cases because they had recommended community penalties in pre-sentence reports. ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Prisoners were often told they had ‘no chance’ of parole the first time around, and that it was inevitable that they would be detained post-tariff. A large number of respondents were confused as to why they had been given IPP sentences when they had no previous convictions.??The members of the public that we encountered in the course of our campaign generally had no idea that IPP sentences existed. Most were shocked that such sentences were handed down in the twenty first century. Others thought that only those convicted of murder and child sex offences were given IPP sentences, as sometimes reported by the media. Prisoners and their families had been heavily reliant on external organisations to understand the structure of the IPP sentence.??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">For those who maintain their innocence, has the effect of this on your ‘risk’ been explained to you? If so, what have you been told and who by?</span> ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">A lot of respondents pleaded guilty or admitted their offences post-conviction. Those who maintained their innocence felt that they had been labeled a ‘lost cause’, while others had ‘given up hope of ever being released.’ It appears, however, that this is by no means a sentiment reserved only for those who maintain their innocence. Some had been told by prison staff that they would die in prison. ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The proposal put forwards by the government in the Green Paper is to reserve the IPP sentence for those who would otherwise only warrant a minimum determinate sentence of 10 years imprisonment, or five year tariff. The sentencing structure, the unavailability of information and the almost universal poor management has contributed to the substantial confusion and mistrust of these sentences in the prison system. The current system simply does not work and is hugely over-subscribed. In the absence of total abolishment we would ask the Government to introduce significant and tangible reforms as soon as possible, particularly for those who are post-tariff and remain in prison today.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Lorna Elliot is a Barrister at Emmersons Solicitors, Sunderland</i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: large;">Do tough sentences deter crime?</span><a href="https://insidetime.org/do-tough-sentences-deter-crime/"><span color="windowtext" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="font-size: large;">1st July 2016</span></span></a></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;">But as Tom Gash points out in his excellent new book, Criminal: The truth about why people do bad things, there is little evidence that tough sentences do deter crime.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">There is a deep-seated popular belief (found in our reframing research) that committing crime is a rational act – that criminals logically weigh up the chances of being caught and the severity of their punishment, against the gains to be made from committing a crime. Because most people think that crime is an individual, rational choice, they also deduce that if punishment is made more severe, potential criminals will make a different choice. This belief has led to a raft of “tough on crime” policies in the UK. In 1993 Michael Howard, when “. Since that time our prison population has doubled, fuelled for the most part not by sentencing more people to imprisonment, but by tougher sentences. Average prison sentences have increased steadily (up four months vs twenty years ago) and continue to do so.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">But as Tom Gash points out, there is plenty of evidence to show that tougher sentences have little impact on crime. Finland in 1960s decided to reduce their prison population. They removed nearly all fine defaulters from prison, then reduced the numbers of those imprisoned for theft, drink-driving and other non-violent crimes. Suspended sentences became the norm for first-time offenders who had been given prison sentences of less than two years. Crime did in fact go up significantly from 1960 to the late 1980s, but it went up no more in Finland than in other Scandinavian countries, with low prison populations. Crime also went up steeply in USA where the prison population soared.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"> If deterrent sentencing works, this draconian three strikes law should have prevented anyone affected committing that third crime. But it didn’t. An economic study concluded that people on two strikes were only 12.5% less likely to be arrested after the new law than before it. Another study suggested that the threat of punishment might have encouraged two strikers to commit more serious third crimes as “rather be hanged for a sheep than a lamb”.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">If you understand that crime is most often a spontaneous, reckless act, rather than a rational, considered choice, it makes sense that severity <span class="s1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">of punishment does not deter</span>. But the belief in the criminal as “rational actor” and the deterrent effect of prison is very strong. Let’s hope we can shift those beliefs.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Penelope Gibbs is the Director of Transform Justice.</i><span class="s1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Criminal: The truth about why people do bad things by Tom Gash is published by Allen Lane.</i></span><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </i><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">ISBN-10: 1846145937</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"> </p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b style="background-color: transparent; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: large; font-style: normal;">Short tariff IPP </b><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #010101; font-family: DM Sans;"><b style="color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: large; font-style: normal;">sentences 17 December 2014 in </b><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>archive</b></span><b style="color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: large; font-style: normal;"> </b><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>headlines</b></span><b style="color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: large; font-style: normal;"> </b></span></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">On July 14th 2008 the Government changed the law concerning IPP sentencing policy. The Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 introduced a ‘threshold of seriousness’; namely a minimum tariff of two years. This meant that if the offence committed did not warrant a sentence of at least four years (equivalent to a tariff of two years) the court could no longer impose an IPP sentence. This threshold also applies to EPP sentences.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">There is an exception to the seriousness threshold; when an offender already has previous convictions for certain very serious offences, the court then has discretion to impose IPP even if the tariff for the current offence is less than two years. The list of very serious offences is called Schedule 15A and is based, with some updating, on the ‘two strikes’ or ‘automatic life’ offences.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">There were other changes: ‘The removal of the rebuttable presumption of risk.’ This means that the court is no longer obliged to conclude that the offender is dangerous when there is a previous conviction for a violent or sexual crime. Also, IPP and EPP sentences are no longer mandatory when the relevant conditions are met. They are simply available to judges to use at their discretion. For more details, get PSI 27/2008 from your solicitor or library.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The purpose of these changes is to create fewer IPP sentences, especially with shorter tariffs. However, what about prisoners who are already serving IPP with a tariff of less than two years? Surely the IPP part would be quashed and we would be released on tariff? At the very least they would have to take us back to court to be re-sentenced? No, the new legislation did not make the changes retrospective. So our sentences are unaffected.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">If we had been sentenced before IPP was introduced on 4th April 2005, we could not have been given a life sentence. If we had been sentenced after 14th July 2008, we could not have been given a life sentence. It is only because we had the misfortune to be sentenced between these two dates that we are serving an indeterminate life sentence. Is this just? Is this fair? Is this right?</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">By altering the legislation the Government has effectively admitted that it was flawed. They never intended judges to be handing out IPP sentences like confetti. David Blunkett, the architect of this savage law, doesn’t even know that there are short tariff IPP prisoners. The following is an extract from his column in the Sun on 18th July 2007; somewhat lengthy, but illustrates the cognitive distortions that he is labouring under. He wrote: ‘… the froth that’s being talked about indeterminate sentences – where prisoners are kept locked up until it is safe to release them, rather than for a fixed term. That’s now the responsibility of the new Justice Department. But it is being said that these sentences are adding to prison overcrowding. As every Sun reader can work out for themselves these sentences were for really severe crimes which would have earned pretty lengthy fixed terms – and I’m not talking about four to five years. It was precisely to avoid letting these dangerous people out too early that the indeterminate sentences were introduced.’</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">So let’s do the maths here, if someone was sentenced to ten years in 2005, would they still be in jail, even with full remission? The answer is patently ‘yes’. If they were given an indeterminate sentence, would they still be contributing to overcrowding? Of course, as hopefully they would still be serving time; so why all the talk about getting rid of these sentences? They make no difference to our problem jails and won’t do so for years to come. I suggest that all the highly intelligent people dealing with the criminal justice system need a simple mathematics lesson’.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">May I politely suggest that it is Mr Blunkett who needs the mathematics lesson. The median tariff length for IPP sentences was 30 months before they changed the law in July. Or perhaps Mr Blunkett needs an English lesson? Maybe he got the wording wrong in the Criminal Justice Act 2003? Maybe he meant IPP to be applied to offences carrying a minimum ten year sentence (five year tariff) rather than for offences which carry a maximum sentence of ten years or more. No Mr Blunkett, you were not talking about sentences of about four to five years, you were talking about sentences measured in months. 28 days is the shortest one, I believe. Well done Mr Blunkett, no wonder you’re on gardening leave.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">IPP sentences have contributed significantly to prison overcrowding. If they had not been introduced in April 2005, the vast majority of IPP prisoners would have received a determinate sentence and been released on parole halfway through – this is how judges determine the length of tariff.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">But who really cares about prison overcrowding? The public want to see the jails full; it makes them feel safer. The politicians love it, as it looks like they are being ‘tough on crime’ – always a vote winner. And our illustrious prison officers and probation officers? They get all the overtime they want, their jobs are secure for life; a ‘nice little earner’. What about the programmes’ facilitators and the army of trainee psychologists? I understand the Government gives the prison £9,000 for every prisoner that goes on their programmes, and indeterminate sentenced prisoners can go on an indeterminate number of programmes! And solicitors and barristers? Now we’re really talking … all that legal aid. An indeterminate number of parole hearings where indeterminate (life) prisoners are entitled to a solicitor and a barrister to represent them. Every year or two we will be up for parole; for an indeterminate number of years. Nice work if you can get it. What about when we do eventually get parole? Apparently, thus far 31 of us have; the programmes Gestapo will be livid when they find out. We are going to need solicitors and barristers for the rest of our lives (well, minimum 10 years in any case).</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The median age for an IPP prisoner is 28. For many years we will be subject to the whims and mercies of hysterical probation officers and trainee psychologists with something to prove; an indeterminate number of recalls to work on. Surely this is the goose that lays the golden egg for solicitors and barristers?</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Prisoners themselves, and their families, must be upset about prison overcrowding. Well, actually, many thousands of prisoners are facing the prospect of having their sentences cut short and being released a few weeks early because of prison overcrowding. The Government ‘solution’ is to build even more prisons so that they can imprison even more people.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">What about the victims of our crimes? All IPP sentences are for violent or sexual offences. All victims are likely to have suffered physically and emotionally and are likely to do so for the rest of their lives. In effect, they are serving a life sentence because of what we have done. So why shouldn’t we? I have no answer to this question. We can not possibly pay the debt we owe to our victims and with an indeterminate life sentence we can never pay back the debt we owe to society until the day we die.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The feelings of helplessness, despair and isolation that accompany the IPP sentence are overwhelming, for us and for our families. I am one of those fortunate enough to have support from my family and good friends. Here I would like to mention a friend of mine, Simon, who I met here at Manchester. He was serving an IPP and genuinely wanted to change his offending behaviour. He got himself a place on a therapeutic community programme at HMP Dovegate. He was there for a number of months, then killed himself this summer. We were all deeply shocked here at Manchester – our thoughts and condolences go to Simon’s family and friends on the outside.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">So, if you are a low tariff IPP prisoner, what can you do? Well, don’t despair! Don’t do anything stupid. I would encourage anybody who is feeling like Simon to contact a prison listener or the Samaritans. Go on the programmes they tell you to go on. You have no choice. But you can do something to give yourself hope. The Government thinks it has now fixed the IPP problem and that it has gone away, but it hasn’t; there are still some loose ends. Let them know that we are still here and we are not going anywhere. Write to your MP. Write to Justice Secretary, Jack Straw at the House of Commons, London SW1. Maybe David Blunkett would like to hear from us as well? Give yourself hope! Do something positive!</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">What about you solicitors and barristers out there? Are any of you willing to take on the government? Do we have any kind of legal leg to stand on? Is the change in law to abolish short tariff IPP sentences prejudicial to prisoners who have already received the ill-conceived creation?</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">I realise that violent and sex offenders are the lepers and pariahs of modern society, but we wouldn’t mind a little bit of compassion right now. Where is that wonderful man of compassion Lord Longford when we need him?</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/ipp-update-2/" title="IPP Update"><span color="windowtext" style="text-decoration-line: none;">IPP Update</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">
</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 107%;">1st January
2012 in Feb 2011<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Green Paper has finally been published and we now have three months to submit our responses. Emmersons Solicitors, as most of you will already know, have been campaigning for the abolition of the IPP sentence for a while now. Although the proposals don’t go that far, the Government is seeking to reserve the IPP sentence for the most serious crimes (which warrant a 5 or more year tariff). The Tory’s pre-election idea of the ‘mini-max’ sentence has not made it into the Green Paper. That is not to say that the Government has totally scrapped the idea, but that it hasn’t formed part of the immediate ideas for reform.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The proposed changes to the IPP sentence, if they become law, will not be retrospective. This means that, in the same way that the pre-2008 IPPs were not affected by the changes to the law, those currently serving IPP will not be affected. Although this is obviously very disappointing to those with loved ones currently serving short-tariff IPP sentences, their predicament is not forgotten by the Green Paper. Significantly, there is a proposal to change the way that the Parole Board decides whether or not to release current IPP prisoners back into the community.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">At the moment, the Parole Board is extremely risk-averse. This has been widely recognised by the Prison Governors’ Association, the Prison Reform Trust, and others and now – at last – the Government. Currently, if the Parole Board are worried that there is a risk that the offender might pose anything more than a minimal ‘risk’ in the community, they will not direct the prisoner’s release. The proposals in the Green Paper seek to address this, and if they become law, will mean that IPPs stand a much better chance of being released. The Green Paper says that the Government is ‘exploring’ whether a new test for post-tariff IPPs so that more of them are released by the Parole Board. All that has been said at the moment is very generally phrased that a new test could be applied that focuses on keeping those who ‘clearly pose a very serious risk of future harm’ in prison and releasing those who do not.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">It appears, from the Green Paper, that the Government has no plans currently to speed up risk assessments by, for example, getting rid of the requirement for an oral hearing in front of the Parole Board. This still means that there are likely to be delays, which we will specifically seek to address in our written submissions to the Government. At the moment, the Parole Board lists oral hearings according to priority, but there is still often a substantial amount of waiting time before the prisoner actually gets their oral hearing. A case in the Administrative Court last year confirmed that the Secretary of State has the power to direct a prisoner’s move to open conditions without an oral hearing in only ‘exceptional circumstances’, but we think the Government should at least give consideration to using this more widely.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">If you have had a chance to read through the Green Paper, you’ll see that there are questions that the Government asks at the end of each section. The one question that relates specifically to the IPP sentence does not really have very much to do with whether the IPP sentence works or not, whether it’s fair on offenders and their families and avoids the obvious issue – its overwhelming uncertainty and injustice.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The one specific IPP question asked of the public relates to the fact that the IPP sentence can be very confusing for prisoners, the public and for victims. This includes the way that IPP sentences are announced by the judge in court (e.g. a notional determinate term of six years imprisonment warrants a minimum term of three years minus time spent on remand); the uncertainty as to how long a prisoner will spend in prison, and the lack of availability of courses for offenders to demonstrate their reduction in risk.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Government appears at last to acknowledge the effect that the IPP sentence has had on those sentenced to IPP as well as their families. They state, at paragraph 187, that “the widespread use of IPPs…can undermine public confidence since the court, the victim and the public have little or no means of knowing how long an individual spell in custody is likely to last or whether it will ever end.” At the very least the Government seems to have taken some notice of the utter injustice of this inhumane sentence.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The one question that the Government asks of us is this: “How best can we increase understanding of prison sentences?” While we would suggest that the most obvious answer to this is the abolishment of the IPP sentence in favour of ‘mini-max’ sentences, this is clearly not on the Government’s most immediate agenda. So, in order to help us to compile our contribution to the public consultation we ask prisoners, and their loved ones, for their views on the following questions:</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Do you think that the way the IPP sentence is announced in court, i.e. the length of the tariff, is confusing?</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Was the effect of the ‘dangerousness’ label and the requirement to ‘reduce your risk’ explained to you at the start of the IPP sentence?</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">What is your experience of the availability of offending behavior courses? </span>We would particularly like to hear from people who had to wait a very long time for courses, or were told that they had to undertake more (and sometimes lengthy) courses at a late stage of their tariff, or post-tariff.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Do you feel that the structure of the IPP sentence is adequately explained to offenders, their families, victims and the public in general?</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">For those who maintain their innocence, has the effect of this on your ‘risk’ been explained to you? If so, what have you been told and who by?</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">We can’t promise that we will be able to use all of your responses, but we will publish our consultation response on our Facebook page and will also send it to Inside Time for publication. We look forward to hearing from you. Please ensure that we receive your views by <span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Monday 21st February</span> so as to ensure that we are able to include them in our response.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Of course you can also respond personally to the Green Paper, and sending us your views does not prevent you from doing so in your own right. This equally applies to prisoners, who can also write directly to the Ministry of Justice at:<span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> Breaking the Cycle, Ministry of Justice, 10.08, 10th Floor, 102 Petty France, London, SW1H 9AJ. The deadline for replies is 4th March 2011.</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Lorna Elliott LLB (Hons) Barrister</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Emmersons Solicitors<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />ACER House<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />52 John Street<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Sunderland<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />SR1 1QN</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">T: 01915676667<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />F: 01915670808</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="http://www.emmersons-solicitors.co.uk/" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ff3d00; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.7s ease 0s;" target="_blank">www.emmersons-solicitors.co.uk</a></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/a-new-role-for-the-judge/" title="A new role for the judge?"><span color="windowtext" style="text-decoration-line: none;">A new role for the judge?</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 107%;">29th March
2019 </span><span style="font-size: 20pt;">In
"*Comment"</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">His Honour John Samuels QC identifies the principal themes made by the Justice Secretary</span></i></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The surprise which greeted the announcement by Justice Secretary David Gauke (centre) that we have far too many prisoners in our prisons, serving sentences which rise inexorably in length at a time when overall crime rates are falling, was not so much that the message which he conveyed was flawed – only the tabloid press so described it, so it must be sound – but that a Conservative Justice Secretary, caught up in the <span class="s1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">muddle of Brexit, had chosen a Monday</span> morning in February to make <span class="s1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">such an important speech. They were:</span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">• Does current sentencing policy, particularly that involving the short prison sentence, actually reduce crime?</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">• Are our prisons run in a way which maximises offenders’ chances of turning their lives around, leading to gainful employment and rejoining society as responsible citizens?</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">• Should we not be seeking opportunities to find better and alternative ways of punishing as well as rehabilitating offenders?</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Few informed commentators would disagree with the proposition that these three themes are of central importance when we consider what is wrong with our prisons today; and the steps we should take to improve them. However while the questions asked are sound, adopting the traditional answers to those questions misses the opportunity presented by a more obviously open approach to ask the further question: why do we not use the sentencing judge in a supervisory capacity to ensure that the objective outlined by David Gauke in his speech can more readily be achieved?</p><p class="p3" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Across the spectrum</i></span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Traditionally, the judge took no interest in those whom they had sentenced. Once sentence had been pronounced, responsibility for the delivery of that sentence passed to the Prison Service, if the offender was to be incarcerated; or to the Probation Service, if the punishment imposed by the court, together with the programmes designed to assist an improved way of life, were to be delivered in the community. But that traditional view can no longer sit easily with the Rehabilitation Revolution, proclaimed by successive Justice Secretaries from all corners of the political spectrum to be the key purpose of the sentencing of offenders.</p><p class="p3" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Account of progress</i></span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The first green shoots of an altered approach by informed sentencers came about when, following the making of a Drug Treatment and Testing Order, a sentencer required the offender, during the subsistence of an order which could last for up to 2 years, periodically to attend court before the original sentencer, to give an account of their progress. While inevitably not every such order was successful, the positive advantage which it bestowed on both the sentencer and the offender was that a supportive relationship developed between sentencer and offender. The judge was keen to see the offender break away from their addiction; and the offender, responding to the active interest in their progress being displayed by the judge, did not want “to let my judge down”.</p><p class="p3" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Positive relationships</i></span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The success of this approach, loosely described as the “problem-solving court model”, has led to the creation of specialist courts worldwide: drug courts, mental health treatment courts, alcohol courts, family drug and alcohol courts, domestic violence courts and veterans’ courts; and all of them are underpinned by the positive and supportive ongoing relationship which develops between the judge and those whom they have sentenced.</p><p class="p3" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Purpose of punishment</i></span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">In 2003 Parliament, in what was intended to be a ground-breaking approach to the sentencing of offenders, identified for the first time in a statute the purposes of punishment. In Section 142 of the Criminal Justice Act those purposes are specified as follows:</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">a. the punishment of offenders;</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">b. the reduction of crime (including its reduction by deterrence);</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">c. the reform and rehabilitation of offenders;</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">d. the protection of the public; and</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">e. the making of reparation by offenders to persons affected by their offences.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Although these five statutory purposes need no elaboration, the judge who is bound to apply the law when sentence is imposed needs to think carefully about how to comply with the requirement that the sentence to be imposed must so far as practicable achieve the reform and rehabilitation of the offender. Sentencing should not be a “snapshot moment”, when the offender is dealt with, once and for all, by the sentencing court. Reform and rehabilitation is a process, which inevitably occurs over a lengthy period. It is a dereliction of the responsibility imposed on the judge to transfer oversight of that process elsewhere.</p><p class="p3" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Light touch</i></span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Consistent with that duty of oversight of the sentence imposed by the court on the sentencing judge is the obligation to keep abreast of the progress made by the offender while undergoing the sentence of the court. It is not suggested that this obligation supersedes the day-to-day and hands-on supervisory role of the prison officer or probation officer; but it can and should supplement that role, in a light-touch but engaged manner. It is beyond the scope of a short article of this kind to identify precisely how this might work in practice; and it is in any event undesirable to identify a prescriptive one-size-fits-all approach: individual offenders vary immensely in their needs, and those who supervise them, whether judges or other members of HMPPS, recognise the reality of this.</p><p class="p3" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Judges in prison</i></span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">However a judge who regularly engages with those community programmes provided by those sentenced to non-custodial orders will become that much more familiar with what is on offer locally to achieve reform and rehabilitation. The judge who routinely attends the prisons where those sentenced by the court are held in custody may enhance the rehabilitation prospects of those so sentenced by overseeing their sentence plans, and by ensuring, so far as is practicable, that arrangements are in place for their effective supervision once they emerge from the prison gates. A further benefit from this continued engagement of the judicial sentencer with those who are sentenced is that it leads to far more “intelligent” sentencing: unless you, as sentencer, have an informed appreciation of what is likely to happen to those whom you have sentenced, you are unable to achieve the express statutory purpose of sentencing, namely “to achieve the reform and rehabilitation of the offender”.</p><p class="p3" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Benefits of contact</i></span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The proposals advanced by the Justice Secretary, outlined in more detail in the March issue of Inside Time are to be actively welcomed. However a new and more involved generation of judges will increasingly come to recognise the benefits which are achievable for society as a whole when they maintain <span class="s1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">both responsibility for and contact with</span> those whom they have sentenced.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b style="background-color: transparent; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: large; font-style: normal;">Short tariff IPP </b><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #010101; font-family: DM Sans;"><b style="color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: large; font-style: normal;">sentences 1st April 2011 in </b><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>archive</b></span><b style="color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: large; font-style: normal;"> headlines. locked up with no end in site.</b></span></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The human cost; living without loved onesthe untold story of having a relative serving an indeterminate sentence for public protection.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">In 2010, my world view was expanded when I started looking into the recurring nightmare for thousands of prisoners serving the controversial Indeterminate Sentence for Public Protectioncommonly known as IPPs. Through the generosity of various prisoners families and some committed campaigners, I was brought into the world experienced by those who are supporting people given this sentence. In this report, three prisoners’ families shared their tales of living with the consequences of IPPs.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Out of all the legislation created by New Labour, an authoritative report by the Prison Reform Trust called IPPs “one of the least carefully planned and thought of pieces of legislation in the history of British legislation”.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The government’s latest Green Paper says it believes that indeterminate sentences of Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPPs) should only be available for the most dangerous offenders.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">But those who received this particular risk averse sentence say this is not currently the case.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Pat</span><br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Pat whose partner is serving an IPP for low level offence of violence said ” The public think IPP’s are the most seriously dangerous people, but most are not in the general understanding of ‘most serious’. “</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The toil of uncertainty takes on IPPs prisoners can be seen in increased incidences of mental ill health and self harm; more common than the general prison population.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">“It’s not just the lack of an end point for your prison sentence; life inside becomes extra tough too. They are nervous wrecks because they’re frightened a look will be misinterpreted, and are targets of bullying because they can’t complain or retaliate” says Pat.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">In 2005, Pat’s partner was involved in a drunken fight and the court passed an indeterminate sentence for public protection (IPP). In 2011, he will have served four years in excess of his minimum tariff. After a second parole hearing failed, he became depressed. Pat explained how she’d go to bed with her phone on, expecting a call from the prison to say he’d died. "When you are an IPP prisoner, you can’t appear to be weak if you want to be released… you have to cope." The law on IPPs changed in 2008, so no one with a sentence of less than two years would receive one. Pat is bitter at the injustice: if sentenced now, her partner’s 18-month tariff would receive a fixed length sentence and he would be free now.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Over the years, Pat and her family have tried to find ways to cope but it always feels futile. "You never have expectations for the future. It’s living without hope” says Peter.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Peter</span><br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Peter’s son Tom was given an IPP at the age of 16 for the crime of wounding. It was his first offence. "The IPP was the worst [sentence] we were expecting," says Peter. While trying to deal with a relationship breakdown and feelings of being mixed up, Tom had sought help from an NHS mental health team. They found no evidence of psychiatric problems; a conclusion shared by an independent psychiatrist.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">IPPs target specific serious offenders and those who are assessed by the court as dangerous. In Peter’s opinion the court reached the conclusion that mental health problems translate into evidence of dangerousness. "I think this (NHS contact) played a big role in judge’s mind…The safest thing to do was give an IPP". Tom has moved onto an adult jail and is struggling to see a future.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">"The problem with IPPs is that they are tantamount to a life sentence…. We carry the scars." Peter’s family is planning for his partial release back into the community; with a job to help his reintegration to the community.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Kate</span><br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Kate’s son John was 19 when he was convicted of wounding after an argument that turned into a pub brawl. He was given an IPP with a minimum tariff of two years to serve. "My son has been in prison since 2005 … and the key has been thrown away", she says. Last month he was finally released having served three years over his tariff. He was lucky: only 4% – around 100 prisoners – of the total IPP<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />population have been releasedarguably the lowest for any prisoner group. In the community, John is subject to strict restrictions for a minimum of 10 years.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Kate accepts that he needed to be punished. She says "I have never claimed my son should not have gone to prison, but the IPP sentence is inhumane." She is bitter about the wasted years. "I’ve had the ghost of IPP on my shoulder … it has been my mission to bring my son back from the brink of despair. It’s a job she continued after his release earlier this year. Concerned that John could slip back into crime, Kate worked hard to shield him from this, offering him a place at home. Despite the recession, John secured a job and he has now been out of jail since last year.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">John’s story of surviving prison and turning his life around is a rare success story. There has been no research on IPPs and re-offending or future dangerousness.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Looking ahead, it is worth considering the government’s comments on IPPs and its concern with sentencing on the basis of future behaviour. The government’s discussion on reforming IPPs in the latest Green Paper on crime says “The limitations in our ability to predict future serious offending also calls into question the whole basis on which many offenders are sentenced to IPPs”.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Perhaps some optimism can be attached to the promise contained within those words from the Ministry of Justice. The 800 plus prisoners’ families who have replied to the Green Paper through a campaign led by Emmersons solicitors certainly hope so. It is rare to find a sentence that has attracted just about universal criticismIPPs have.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">In an age of austerity, and budgetled policy, the £100 million price tag of having up to 2500 prisoner in prison who are 2 years or more beyond their release date, will take precedence on the politicians thinking. For prisoners’ families left to pick up the piece of shattered lives, change cannot come soon enough.</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Please address all letters to Charlotte Rowles, c/o Inside Time,<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Botley Mills, Botley, Southampton, Hampshire SO30 2GB<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Names have been changed</i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/post-tariff-ipps-a-disgrace/" title="Post tariff IPPs a Disgrace"><span color="windowtext" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Post tariff IPPs a Disgrace</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 107%;">1st April
2011, </span><span style="font-size: 20pt;">In
"archive headlines"</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">In the aftermath of the publication of the Green Paper Emmersons Solicitors sought the views of those affected by IPP sentences so that we could compile a consolidated response. We are grateful to all the prisoners, their friends and their families who responded by post, email, on Facebook, Twitter and our online petition. We took into account every one of the eight hundred or so replies that we received. The following text is an abridged version of our response:</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">As it presently stands the IPP system does not work. There are thousands of post-tariff prisoners sentenced before July 2008 who find themselves unable to persuade the Parole Board to release them. The onus is on the prisoner to prove that they are no longer dangerous. Far too often they are not given the opportunity to do so because of a shortage of courses, or being held in – or sent to the wrong prison for their sentence plan and unable to obtain a swift transfer elsewhere, or because the waiting lists for courses is several years long. Parole hearings are deferred, post programme reports are delayed, and those who have received ‘knock-backs’ are then set further review dates far into the future.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Parole Board is far too risk averse. The current test (whether it is necessary for the protection of the public for the offender to remain in prison) is too widely interpreted. As a result nearly all IPP prisoners remain in custody post-tariff, at a huge annual cost to the taxpayer, when rigorous supervision in the community could be less costly and more effective in terms of actual rehabilitation.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">A large number of responses we received portrayed a system that is bursting at the seams, is unfit for purpose, inhumane and utterly unfair. As IPP prisoners have no idea when they will be released their marriages and other family relationships suffer, and mental health and self-esteem deteriorates. Many IPP prisoners suffer from mental health problems, feelings of utter hopelessness, mistrust of the system, and feelings of victimisation. Prisoners felt strongly that there was ‘no light at the end of the tunnel’, and asked ‘If I don’t have a release date, how can I ever plan for my life after prison?’??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Many IPP prisoners are well aware of the effect of poor behavior but many prisoners wrote about ‘not wanting to rock the boat’ with staff or ‘make waves’ by complaining about the lack of courses. Prisoners serving determinate sentences also had less to lose, which in some cases created difficulties for IPPs who did not want to be adjudicated for having to defend themselves. This has created a two-tier prison system; those who have it all to lose, and those who have nothing to lose. Conversely, there were also those who were sentenced to IPP, were convinced they would never be released, and therefore concluded that they had nothing to lose either.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The onus must be taken away from the offender to prove they are no longer dangerous. At present, the emphasis is on preventative detention and the interpretation of ‘dangerousness’ is speculative and too widely applied.??It appears to us that the Green Paper does not outline any specific plans for speeding up risk assessments by, for example, substantially reducing the requirement for an oral hearing in front of the Parole Board to move prisoners to open conditions. Although the Parole Board lists oral hearings according to priority there is still often a considerable amount of waiting time before the hearing takes place.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Secretary of State has the power to direct a prisoner’s move to open conditions without an oral hearing, but at present this is only used in exceptional circumstances. We would ask that the Government makes wider use of this power. In the same way as the Parole Board is entitled to use pre-sift procedures and the ICM stage to consider cases on the papers, risk assessments with a view to a move to open conditions could similarly be considered (if, for example, all parties recommended it). ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The questions we asked our respondents were as follows: ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Do you think that the way the IPP sentence is announced in court, i.e. the length of the tariff, is confusing? ??</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Nearly all respondents agreed. Some prisoners had no idea that they had been given indeterminate sentences until several months, and in a few cases over a year, into their sentences. ?There was widespread confusion over the way that the judge announced the IPP sentence in court, and often the notional determinate sentence was confused with the length of the tariff. A recurring misconception was the idea that IPP prisoners are serving a sentence of 99 years. This is simply because the computer system cannot recognise indeterminacy. Several respondents reported that prison staff told prisoners “we’ve got 99 years with you, wait a bit longer for that course.” ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Many prisoners knew virtually nothing about their sentence on arrival in prison, relying heavily on other prisoners to explain the practical elements of IPP to them. Relatives (and other members of the public) were very poorly informed as to the nature and structure of the sentence, and the determination of ‘dangerousness’ by the court. In several cases, relatives who were not present at court were unable to accept that their loved one had been given a sentence tantamount to ‘life’ and this caused mistrust within family relationships: families felt that they must have been lied to by the prisoner about the seriousness of the offence.??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Was the effect of the ‘dangerousness’ label and the requirement to ‘reduce your risk’ explained to you at the start of the IPP sentence? ??</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">A lot of respondents did not understand that the IPP sentence meant that they had been assessed as ‘dangerous’ and therefore had to reduce their risk if they were to be able to work towards release. Many relied on other IPP prisoners to explain this to them. While some understood immediately what they needed to do to reduce their risk, there were others who ‘gave up hope’ early on, compounded by the fact that they had no answer to the question ‘when are you coming home?’??Some prisoners had successfully completed dozens of courses but were still no closer to understanding when they would be deemed suitable for release.??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">What is your experience of the availability of offending behaviour courses?</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Nearly everyone described substantial delays; with some having lengthy offending behavior courses added to a sentence plan weeks before tariff expiry. In a few cases, some prisoners had not received a sentence plan by tariff expiry.??Others had only been able to complete one objective in several years. There was a general feeling that the provision of courses was under equipped, poorly organised and inconsistencies between establishments as to whether a particular course was suitable or not, which prisons offered which courses, how long the waiting lists were, and prisoners being transferred to establishments which had no suitable courses for them. There was also concern expressed over IPP prisoners who had learning difficulties. Many respondents were mistrustful of psychologists and expressed frustrations over inaccuracies in reports, which were often not rectified despite verbal assurances. In a few cases, some prisoners were told that they were not suitable for any offending behavior courses.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Do you feel that the structure of the IPP sentence is adequately explained to offenders, their families, victims and the public in general?</span> ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">A small number of prisoners (mostly new IPPs) understood exactly what type of sentence they were facing and what they needed to do to reduce their risk. Some prisoners sentenced soon after IPPs came into force were not advised by their lawyers that IPP was even a possibility. Probation officers had often compounded the problem in these cases because they had recommended community penalties in pre-sentence reports. ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Prisoners were often told they had ‘no chance’ of parole the first time around, and that it was inevitable that they would be detained post-tariff. A large number of respondents were confused as to why they had been given IPP sentences when they had no previous convictions.??The members of the public that we encountered in the course of our campaign generally had no idea that IPP sentences existed. Most were shocked that such sentences were handed down in the twenty first century. Others thought that only those convicted of murder and child sex offences were given IPP sentences, as sometimes reported by the media. Prisoners and their families had been heavily reliant on external organisations to understand the structure of the IPP sentence.??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">For those who maintain their innocence, has the effect of this on your ‘risk’ been explained to you? If so, what have you been told and who by?</span> ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">A lot of respondents pleaded guilty or admitted their offences post-conviction. Those who maintained their innocence felt that they had been labeled a ‘lost cause’, while others had ‘given up hope of ever being released.’ It appears, however, that this is by no means a sentiment reserved only for those who maintain their innocence. Some had been told by prison staff that they would die in prison. ??</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The proposal put forwards by the government in the Green Paper is to reserve the IPP sentence for those who would otherwise only warrant a minimum determinate sentence of 10 years imprisonment, or five year tariff. The sentencing structure, the unavailability of information and the almost universal poor management has contributed to the substantial confusion and mistrust of these sentences in the prison system. The current system simply does not work and is hugely over-subscribed. In the absence of total abolishment we would ask the Government to introduce significant and tangible reforms as soon as possible, particularly for those who are post-tariff and remain in prison today.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Lorna Elliot is a Barrister at Emmersons Solicitors, Sunderland</i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 107%;"><span color="windowtext" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/breaking-the-cycle/" title="Breaking the cycle">Breaking the
cycle</a></span></span><span style="font-size: 20pt;">1st May 2011</span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The 4th of March 2011 saw the end of the consultation process by the Ministry of Justice with respect to the reforms which sets out “fundamental changes to the criminal justice system”. The Justice Secretary, Kenneth Clarke, plans more help to deal with inmates’ drug and alcohol addiction problems and mental illness. However, in direct contradiction to this is the fact that Kenneth Clarke also wishes to cut prison funding by £4 billion; with prisons struggling to maintain psychology staff and run rehabilitative courses it is difficult to see how the “cycle” will be broken, it is more likely that offenders will leave determinate sentences without addressing the triggers to their offending behaviour.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Rather than being an effective means of reducing crime, evidence suggests that prison generates crime as it causes social and economic harm to individuals, families and communities. Communities which suffer high imprisonment rates experience social breakdown which diminishes the protective bonds that are key to preventing crime and disorder.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">There is greater emphasis on rehabilitation within the community within the Green Paper but, with predicted funding cuts affecting the probation service (who would be responsible for the supervision of offenders on community sentences) it is unlikely that those serving sentences within the community would be monitored sufficiently or that the “tougher community punishment” could be properly enforced without the staff to impose the conditions of community punishment. It is to be expected that pressures upon the probation service, already understaffed, would mean that more offenders are likely to be recalled to custody upon a slight elevation of risk and this would mean an increase in the amount of prisoners recalled to custody and/or related parole reviews. Additionally, the premise that recalls should only be initiated for very serious breaches is a feature of the current guidelines for recall but, it is not strictly adhered to so it would be unlikely that there will be any radical change to the number of people in custody.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">That is not to say that care and more intensive rehabilitative work does not work but mostly it works when implemented by a charity focused on care or a conscientious probation officer. There is a recommendation that the voluntary sector should also have a greater involvement with rehabilitation in the community however, this simply seems to be an exercise in saving expenditure on criminals. Further, in the current financial climate and when the cuts to charitable organisations are being publicly severed then it is likely that the number of bodies able to completed significant rehabilitative care in the community will be depleted.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">There is a suggested pilot scheme of Integrated Diversion and Offender Management teams. This entails getting the police, probation and other agencies, such as drug treatment bodies, to work in the same office. The same people doing the same job they have always done but in a cohesive manner which is purported to make a difference. This type of liaison is already in place in the form of MAPPA review panels. The evidence from these MAPPA panels is that rehabilitation is more onerous when a person is dependent upon a body of people getting together to direct how a person progresses. The MAPPA Board consisting of the agencies deemed requisite to supervision will only meet on a monthly basis and have no contact with the person in question, and it is questionable as to how much consideration is given to one case when several people are considered in one sitting. There are obvious flaws with this arrangement.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The majority of proposals in the Green Paper already exist in some form and those that work have difficulty in maintaining success without sufficient funding. The suggestion that indeterminate sentences would be reduced would have to balance against the severity of the offence and the public perception on offences. It is naïve to believe that a softer approach to offenders would address the issue of sentences. The majority of offenders would still be handed a custodial sentence. The recommendations for credit for an early guilty plea do not take into account the existing procedure concerning the way in which a case is progressed. Frequently, an individual is presented with very little information at the police station and even the Magistrates’ Court so a legal representative may advise against entering a plea until the full facts of the case are presented. This type of suggestion is again financially focused; an early guilty plea is essentially a mechanical process and has nothing to do with rehabilitation or “breaking the cycle of offending”.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The report states, ‘half of all crime is committed by previous offenders’, which is fair however the green paper has very little regard to the rehabilitation of indeterminate sentenced prisoners or offenders with no history of offending. A lot of indeterminate offences are committed uniquely and there are a number of common-place determinate sentences such as not paying tax, committing an insurance fraud or using illegal substances; these are some of the offences that are unpredicted (with no prior/similar offending).<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />The predictions for changes in the justice system show a steady reduction however, it does not have any regard for the unsettled lifestyle of the average offender or the impact that outside sources have such as the ability to find gainful employment or accommodation. People will continue to threaten and assault, without ever having received any form of rehabilitation and children may still witness and suffer abuse and go on to offend. Social statistics currently suggest that there will be an increase in poverty and whilst there is significant class divide the crimes will continue – e.g. drugs taken as a means to escape reality, robberies/burglaries for financial gain.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Solutions to reducing crime and promoting public safety lie outside the prison estate and beyond the criminal justice agencies. The answers are to be found in improved mental health services, drug treatment and alcohol services. Social development initiatives that address exclusion and disadvantage by providing effective support for communities would, in the long run, be more effective than relying on punishment to stop crime. This again is dependent on the amount of capital invested in social development schemes; we should not forget that it was a Conservative Government that made cuts in the number of psychiatric and psychological services available to the public, and proposed cuts within the NHS will undoubtedly affect the number of psychiatrists available to assist those with mental illness. If these solutions prove to be effective then it will assist in applications before the Parole Board and the Ministry of Justice for release as there would be a more supportive release plan; improving the turnaround of cases and success at reviews.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Justice Secretary has also recommended that the minimum terms currently applicable to murder sentences should be abolished which will assist with parole applications in the sense that risk reduction may be better addressed upon reflection of the minimum term set in the case. The discretionary aspect of the minimum term in murder cases may more appropriately reflect the circumstances of the offence – it is unjust that someone who committed a sadistic murder may receive the same minimum term as someone who has committed murder following years suffering violence and abuse. However, discretion also gives rise to discrepancy in setting the minimum term. Discretion may be compromised by emotion, political favour, racism and other prejudices. Discrepancies may be safeguarded through transparency in decisions being exercised in public and subject to appeal; Judges should be able to reflect variation in their decisions. Whatever, process is executed in applying the discretionary minimum term, there will undoubtedly be a need to denounce the offence of murder and for the punishment to be seen as a deterrent to taking another’s life.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The strongest proposition made within the green paper is the case against IPPs. The paper accepts that IPPs are bound to continue in some form, and the proposals for applying them to the most serious violent or sexual offences the range of crimes for which IPPs are awarded, and giving more realistic guidance to parole boards to “focus indefinite imprisonment on those who clearly pose a very serious risk of future harm” are extremely welcome. The use of IPPs confused the sentencing framework, and undermines public confidence as there is no way to determine how long an individual spell in custody is likely to end. It in positive that the Government propose to explore a new test for those who have served their punishment would focus indefinite imprisonment on those who clearly pose a very serious risk of future harm. There is no question of releasing any IPP offender into the community without some clear assessment of risk and this was confirmed by the Ministry of Justice during the consultation process. The Parole Board would still refuse to release offenders where it is clear that this was necessary to keep the public safe. The IPP sentence created a lot of problems with respect to parole reviews and access to courses which were detrimental to the rehabilitation of offenders serving other sentences. A review was very much required. As a practitioner, it will assist with processing cases more effectively and a more consistent approach to the factors affecting release applications.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Ultimately, without addressing the need for proportionality in sentencing and moving towards the notion that rehabilitation can be used as a crime reduction tool through proper funding and addressing the sources of offending it is difficult to see the Green Paper as anything other than a rebranding and cost-cutting exercise. Of course prisons should seek to assist and support offenders, but they are ultimately places of punishment, not a social service, and so will never be an effective crime reduction tool.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Naomi De Silva, Solicitor for Cartwright King Solicitors</i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/government-proposes-abolition-of-the-ipp-sentence/" title="Government proposes abolition of the IPP Sentence"><span color="windowtext" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Government
proposes abolition of the IPP Sentence</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">1st July
2011<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">On 21st June 2011, the Government published the outcome of the ‘Breaking the Cycle’ consultation, which attracted over 1,200 responses. While much has been made of the Government’s propensity for ‘U-turns’ recently, they appear to have gone further than the initial proposals on the reform of the imprisonment for public protection sentence.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The idea for IPP reform contained within last year’s green paper was merely further to restrict the number of people who could get an IPP sentence to those who would otherwise have received a determinate sentence of 10 years or more (a minimum 5 year tariff).</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The government has now recognised publicly that the IPP sentence has created a ‘flawed system’ that has never worked as Parliament intended.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Justice Secretary said: “We will conduct an urgent review with a view to replacing the current IPP regime with a much tougher determinate sentencing framework which would be better understood by the public, and command greater confidence”.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">While many will be disappointed that the Government has ordered yet another review of the IPP, when they seem to have spent the last 13 months doing precisely that, this latest review will be conducted on an ‘urgent’ basis with a view to adding the proposals to the newly-published Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill in the autumn of this year.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">These latest proposals appear to signal the Government’s intention to revert to a greater use of life sentences, and new determinate sentences in which prisoners would serve 2/3rds of their sentence inside, or the whole sentence if the Parole Board does not direct their release at that stage.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Prisoners currently serving IPP sentences will want to know whether and how these latest proposals will affect them, if they are passed into law. Current IPP sentences are unlikely to be converted into ‘tougher determinate sentences’ as this could constitute greater punishment, which would be unlawful.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The best chance for current IPPs is the Government’s promised review of ‘Parole Board arrangements for the rehabilitation of those with IPPs, to ensure that real work is done to reform offenders while in prison.’ This appears to be a guarded reference to the test that the Parole Board applies when deciding whether or not to release an IPP prisoner.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The government has said very little so far about any proposed change to the release test for IPPs, but there is a clear need for the way the Parole Board determines release to be reviewed. The change is likely to place the onus on the State to prove that the offender is still dangerous in order to keep an offender in prison post-tariff, rather than expecting the offender to prove that they are no longer dangerous, and not providing them with the means to do so. If such a release test comes into force, this would bring the ‘dangerousness’ test in line with the way the courts determine it at the point of sentencing.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Total abolition of the IPP sentence is now, it appears, on the cards. The government has recognised that the IPP sentence often causes further cost to the taxpayer by way of challenges brought in the courts, and implicit in that is a recognition that there are now 3,500 post-tariff IPPs (provisional MOJ figures released June 2011), at a cost of around £43,000 each per year. That’s an annual cost to the taxpayer of £150m.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">In amongst the backtracking over the proposed 50% discounts for guilty pleas (now shelved), and the promises to cut the prison population (unlikely, if there are to be ‘tougher determinate sentences’), there is at least a glimmer of hope for those currently serving IPP sentences. We are also closer than ever to witnessing the total abolition of this draconian, inhumane, and unfair sentence but there’s a way to go yet.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Lorna Elliott LLB (Hons) is a Barrister at Emmersons Solicitors</i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 25.68px;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/opportunity-lost-or-just-delayed/" title="Opportunity lost or just delayed?"><span color="windowtext" style="text-decoration-line: none;">Opportunity lost or just delayed?</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 25.68px;">1st September 2011<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Government has now published its response to the consultation exercise that followed last December’s green paper entitled “Breaking the Cycle : Effective Punishment, Rehabilitation and Sentencing of Offenders”. As the name itself suggests, the Government has set out its objectives are to deliver more effective punishment of offenders, greater reparation to victims and, by breaking the cycle of crime, a safer public. This is unlikely to be the first or last time these type of phrases are heard in this context, but the proof of the pudding may be in the eating. The response accompanies the publication also of the<i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of</i> <i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Offenders Bill</i> which will now be considered by Parliament. The changes proposed will include such things as:</p><ul style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 20px 50px; padding: 0px;" type="disc"><li style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Introducing full-time work to prisons (with details due to be published in the Autumn as to how this may be achieved)</i></li><li style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Removing the ready availability of drugs in prison</i></li><li style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Toughening the requirements of community sentences</i></li><li style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Judging prisons’ and other intervention groups’ success or otherwise against re-offending rates</i></li><li style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Providing the means for prisoners to tackle drugs, alcohol, homelessness, or mental health problems</i></li></ul><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The claim is made that the Bill will help simplify the law by some changes to:</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">ensure that all future sentences are subject to a single set of release arrangements, regardless of the date on which the offence was committed;</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">consolidate the various existing release provisions;</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">make the process for calculating remand time more straightforward and efficient by making it a simple administrative process;</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">create a single set of rules for the operation of Home Detention Curfew;</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">remove some of the current statutory restrictions to allow greater professional discretion to decide when lower risk prisoners who have been recalled to prison may be re-released on licence; and</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">repeal unimplemented legislation that does nothing but complicate the sentencing framework.</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">This may lead indeed to some useful and fair changes to the sometimes arbitrary differential treatment of prisoners.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Bill will also bring important changes to the provision of legal aid advice and representation, beyond the scope of this article, but which will have potentially profound impact on the access to justice through legal aid.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><u style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">IPP reform</u></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Green Paper indicated the Government was to consider the test for release from the IPP sentence (at para. 193); and also (at para. 190) stated:</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">This Government intends to restrict the sentence to those who would otherwise have merited a determinate sentence of at least ten years (i.e. at least five years in prison and the remainder on licence). This change ensures that the sentence applies to serious rather than broad categories of crime and will capture very serious sexual and violent offenders. Offenders who no longer receive an IPP would instead receive a determinate custodial sentence for the crime for which they have been convicted which in serious cases would of course be very substantial. Courts would still be able to use the Extended Sentence for Public Protection which would lengthen the period for which offenders would be supervised upon release, and ensure that they can be recalled to custody if necessary. We think that this combination of IPPs in restricted circumstances and often long determinate sentences will enable us to plan rehabilitation more effectively in order to protect the public better.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The media has focused very much on the supposed or actual U-turn of the Government on the cost-saving measure of 50 per cent reductions for guilty pleas, presumably because this issue also scores political points. But what has not been properly recognised is the importance of the missed opportunity to grasp the nettle and reform the IPP sentencing regime. The IPP regime has effectively failed by any test of fairness and of achieving its goals to prevent serious violent and sexual offending due to underfunding of and unavailability of rehabilitation work, and by continuing to detain those whose risk is insufficient for the need for such indeterminate preventative detention, and also failed on a test of cost-efficiency due to strains placed on prison places and parole system resources.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">In relation to custodial sentences the response paper says the Government will be “conducting an urgent review of sentencing for serious sexual and violent offenders. Consultation highlighted numerous weaknesses with the indeterminate sentence of Imprisonment for Public Protection. It has never worked as Parliament intended, creating instead a flawed system, which is not well understood by the public. We will conduct an urgent review with a view to replacing the current IPP regime with a much tougher determinate sentencing framework – which would be better understood by the public, and command greater confidence. The review will also cover Detention for Public Protection, the equivalent sentence to an IPP for juveniles”.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The response goes on to say:</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">We are conducting the IPP review with a view to replacing the current IPP regime with a much tougher determinate sentencing framework which includes:</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">an increased number of serious offenders would receive life sentences – with mandatory life sentences for the most serious repeat offenders; </i><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">it would be less open to challenge in the courts than the IPP system;</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">serious sexual and violent offenders would spend at least two-thirds of their sentence in prison, where they can’t pose a risk to the public, rather than being automatically released halfway through their sentence – and they would only ever be released before the end of their sentence if the Parole Board are satisfied that it is safe to do so;</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">there would be compulsory programmes for dangerous offenders while they are in prison, to make them change their ways and not just commit more crimes when they are released.</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">We will also review the Parole Board arrangements for the rehabilitation of those with IPPs, to ensure that real work is done to reform offenders while in prison.</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Following the conclusion of our review, we will bring forward government amendments to the Bill in the autumn. In the meantime, IPPs will continue to be available to the courts as they are now.</i></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">It is not entirely clear why the proposals for IPP reform are not yet ready, but it is to be hoped this reflects the need for very considered and effective reform, and not political sound-biting or tinkering for media-friendly explanations or provisions. It is also to be hoped, as cuts of immense proportions are being imposed in the budget of the Ministry of Justice, that proper consideration is given to resourcing needs for example in the Parole Board if we see a return to its functions for what is reminiscent of the management of old-style sentences with durations of longer than four years.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">In relation to IPP/DPP prisoners it is unfortunate the opportunity has not yet been taken to indicate the necessary changes will be those that are most fundamental to giving fairness and confidence to stakeholders in the existing system: prisoners, professionals, parole board members, and the public. One matter that will plainly benefit from attention is the application of or understanding of the statutory test for release, which could be reformulated to ensure greater understanding. There is, in my view, a failure in the clear application of the law at present when prisoners are being considered for release and this is contributing to the Parole Board’s low release rate for IPP prisoners. Your author has argued for some years now that the test for imposition of an IPP or DPP ought to be applied to the question of release. Therefore the proper test for release is whether “it is no longer necessary for the protection of the public <u style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">against a significant risk of serious harm from the commission of further specified offences</u> that the prisoner should be confined". The Court of Appeal will soon be asked to rule on this question determinatively. There should be, it is submitted, a causal link between the original conviction and the subsequent detention, so that the perceived future risk is related to the original rationale for the imposition of the indeterminate term: <u style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Stafford v UK</u> (2002) 35 EHRR 32. There is no burden on the prisoner and the Board must not adopt a predisposition to continued detention if it is to lawfully approach its task.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The second proposal that could have immediate benefits in removing arbitrary distinctions would be amendments to ensure the present minimum terms required to justify such sentences (effectively deserving a four-year determinate term at least, unless convicted of particularly serious previous matters) be extended to those already serving the IPP but whose sentence would no longer qualify. Those prisoners who have been given such short tariffs that would no longer qualify can be given some allowance. This would recognise also that the IPP is not a workable sentence for such short-term prisoners. One option is immediate release on licence but with the option of recall for say five or ten years if there is re-offending or breach of licence. Another is to set a maximum total period during which the prisoner may be detained, perhaps a set universal figure of five or ten years prior to automatic release on licence, or perhaps a figure linked to the original tariff: the maximum time in custody to be say twice or three times the length of the tariff for any prisoner. Release on licence is likely to be preferable to unconditional release given the offences or offenders involved although of course under the amended legislation these offences and offenders would not qualify for such indeterminate sentence in any event. It may also be that the test for release should be different for those who have been deserving of such short tariffs as set prior to the 2008 reforms, and/or prior to any new proposed reforms. It may be for example that release should be the presumption for such prisoners subject to an exception if the Parole Board is positively satisfied on a balance of probabilities that the prisoner will commit an offence listed in Schedule 15A CJA 2003 and cause serious harm to others if released even if subject to available licence conditions.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">These two potential changes would strengthen the value of the IPP sentence, help ensure rehabilitation resources are focused only on the most dangerous or high-risk offenders, and remove the potential for arbitrary and unfair treatment of some prisoners. I believe these changes should make the system more efficient and cost-effective for the taxpayer also, while safeguarding the public interest in keeping those who pose a serious danger to the public in custody, and relieving present pressures on the Parole Board.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><u style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">And it could always be worse….</u></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">For those readers who are not given naturally to optimistic outlook, the thought remains (though not perhaps particularly cheery): it could always be worse. The television news on the day of the Government’s proposals is accompanied strikingly by reports of the Supreme Court ruling concerning Californian prison conditions being inhumane, leading to the urgent need to reduce that prison population by 33,000 prisoners, a vast number. Prisoners are living in cramped conditions with 53 sharing one toilet, and tens or hundreds of three-level bunk beds crammed into what should be exercise areas with prisoners all sleeping together en masse. Perhaps indeed it could still be worse.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Philip Rule Barrister<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />90 High St<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Harrow on the Hill<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Middlesex<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />HA1 3LP</i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/the-myth-of-rehabilitation/" title="The myth of rehabilitation"><span color="windowtext" style="text-decoration-line: none;">The myth of rehabilitation</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><i style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
</i></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">1st October
2011<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The Secretary of State for Justice, Kenneth Clarke wrote recently about the failures of the criminal justice system in response to the August riots. Despite lambasting our ‘broken penal system’ (who broke it?) and using the unfortunate description of those caught so far as largely belonging to a ‘feral underclass’ (why didn’t he just call them untermensch?), he makes a valid point that harsh punishment of those convicted is not, on its own, sufficient to prevent reoffending…</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">“Locking people up without reducing the risk of them committing new crimes against new victims the minute they get out does not make for intelligent sentencing.”<br style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1px; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />(The Guardian, 6th September 2011)</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">I quite agree, but unfortunately the concept of rehabilitation in the UK is often little more than a myth. In 2009, a parliamentary question by the former Liberal Democrat MP Mark Oaten revealed that there were 8 million people in the UK on the Home Office ‘Offenders Index’. This means 8 million who when applying for work, insurance or financial services will, at least at some stage, have had something to declare when asked if they have a criminal record.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">In 1974 the government passed something called the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act (ROA), a law which enables some people after the passage time to be relieved of the requirement to declare their previous convictions. It was designed to protect people from discrimination, particularly when applying for employment. However, a number of factors have made this legislation practically obsolete:</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">1. A number of exemptions to the ROA were created the following year professionals such as teachers, doctors and nurses were always required to disclose any sort of criminal record, effectively eliminating any possibility of people with a ‘past’ from doing these roles. Whilst this may often be sensible, preventing predatory or extremely dangerous people from working with children or vulnerable adults, the list of professions exempted from the ROA has grown considerably, barring former offenders from all but a narrow range of employment.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">2. The growth of CRB checks since their introduction in the 1997 Police Act has given employers unprecedented access to the criminal history of prospective staff. Millions of checks are conducted every year. However, there is suspicion that many employers have made use of checks illegally, by making ‘standard’ or ‘enhanced’ checks which reveal convictions that are legally ‘spent’ under the ROA. It is a criminal offence to apply for criminal record data to which you are not entitled (under Part V Section 123 of the Police Act 1997) but finding evidence of anyone ever actually being prosecuted for this is very difficult.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">3. The original ROA only benefits a limited number of people, and even then only after an excessive period of time. Anyone sentenced to over 30 months can never be legally considered rehabilitated, and a person sentenced to just one day in prison would be required to be disclose their conviction for seven years. This means former prisoners in particular, far from having served their debt to society, face a long (or endless) period of likely discrimination after the end of their sentence.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">4. The wide availability of newspaper reports of convictions on the Internet effectively bypasses the normal CRB process. For an employer, finding out about someone’s criminal past is now simply a matter of ‘googling’ their particulars (please behave) to see what comes up. With the advent of televised sentencing people’s past may soon be all over Youtube as well – a permanent record of wrongdoing that lasts long after the sentence has been served. (On the subject of televised sentencing, is anyone else anticipating pay-per-view on ‘Sky Justice’ and barristers gowns adorned with advertising logos in the manner of a Formula One driver’s overalls?)</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The last Labour government set up a review of the ROA which resulted in the report ‘Breaking the Circle’, published in 2002. The report recommended, amongst other things, much shorter ‘buffer periods’ after a sentence was served beyond which a conviction could be considered legally ‘spent’ for most purposes. These periods were two years in most cases, covering the period in which the vast majority of reoffending occurs. The government agreed with practically all the recommendations of the report, but did nothing to implement them and were ultimately booted out of office in May 2010. The current coalition government promised to explore reform of the ROA in their 2010 ‘Breaking the Cycle’ Ministry of Justice green paper. Indeed, in March I even took part in a meeting between Ministry of Justice officials and representatives of UNLOCK, the National Association of Reformed Offenders, as part of the consultation process on how the ROA might change. However, no solid proposals have been put forward by Kenneth Clarke or other government ministers to actually enact reform:</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">After a tabloid backlash against ‘soft justice’ we have moved from ‘Breaking the Cycle’ to a ‘Punishment of Offenders Bill’ – not exactly encouraging language, and this was before the rioting and associated sentencing bonanza occurred. So now, the only active attempt at real reform of the ROA is a private member’s bill by Liberal Democrat peer and Nacro President, Lord Dholakia, which aims to reduce disclosure periods for convictions to those recommended in the Breaking the Circle report. Such reforms, as proposed in this bill would only benefit reformed offenders, not persistent criminals, and might just give a light at the end of the tunnel for those ‘going straight’ after a period in prison. And, best of all in this period of austerity, it would cost next to nothing.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The government’s own Social Exclusion Unit reported in 2002 that stable employment reduces re-offending by between 30-50%. Secure accommodation and strong family life are also highly beneficial. So rather than coming up with yet more initiatives that will only benefit the private sector and people employed by mega-charities, why doesn’t the government reduce the period people have to disclose their record (for non ‘regulated activity’ employment) to 2 years as their predecessors had previously accepted they needed to? Oh, and stop describing other human beings as ‘feral’.</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b style="background-color: transparent; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans";">Short tariff IPP </b><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #010101; font-family: DM Sans;"><b>sentences</b></span><b style="background-color: transparent; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans";"> in the 1st of December 2008 </b></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">the Government changed the law concerning IPP sentencing policy. The Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 introduced a ‘threshold of seriousness’; namely a minimum tariff of two years. This meant that if the offence committed did not warrant a sentence of at least four years (equivalent to a tariff of two years) the court could no longer impose an IPP sentence. This threshold also applies to EPP sentences.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">There is an exception to the seriousness threshold; when an offender already has previous convictions for certain very serious offences, the court then has discretion to impose IPP even if the tariff for the current offence is less than two years. The list of very serious offences is called Schedule 15A and is based, with some updating, on the ‘two strikes’ or ‘automatic life’ offences.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">There were other changes: ‘The removal of the rebuttable presumption of risk.’ This means that the court is no longer obliged to conclude that the offender is dangerous when there is a previous conviction for a violent or sexual crime. Also, IPP and EPP sentences are no longer mandatory when the relevant conditions are met. They are simply available to judges to use at their discretion. For more details, get PSI 27/2008 from your solicitor or library.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The purpose of these changes is to create fewer IPP sentences, especially with shorter tariffs. However, what about prisoners who are already serving IPP with a tariff of less than two years? Surely the IPP part would be quashed and we would be released on tariff? At the very least they would have to take us back to court to be re-sentenced? No, the new legislation did not make the changes retrospective. So our sentences are unaffected.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">If we had been sentenced before IPP was introduced on 4th April 2005, we could not have been given a life sentence. If we had been sentenced after 14th July 2008, we could not have been given a life sentence. It is only because we had the misfortune to be sentenced between these two dates that we are serving an indeterminate life sentence. Is this just? Is this fair? Is this right?</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">By altering the legislation the Government has effectively admitted that it was flawed. They never intended judges to be handing out IPP sentences like confetti. David Blunkett, the architect of this savage law, doesn’t even know that there are short tariff IPP prisoners. The following is an extract from his column in the Sun on 18th July 2007; somewhat lengthy, but illustrates the cognitive distortions that he is labouring under. He wrote: ‘… the froth that’s being talked about indeterminate sentences – where prisoners are kept locked up until it is safe to release them, rather than for a fixed term. That’s now the responsibility of the new Justice Department. But it is being said that these sentences are adding to prison overcrowding. As every Sun reader can work out for themselves these sentences were for really severe crimes which would have earned pretty lengthy fixed terms – and I’m not talking about four to five years. It was precisely to avoid letting these dangerous people out too early that the indeterminate sentences were introduced.’</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">So let’s do the maths here, if someone was sentenced to ten years in 2005, would they still be in jail, even with full remission? The answer is patently ‘yes’. If they were given an indeterminate sentence, would they still be contributing to overcrowding? Of course, as hopefully they would still be serving time; so why all the talk about getting rid of these sentences? They make no difference to our problem jails and won’t do so for years to come. I suggest that all the highly intelligent people dealing with the criminal justice system need a simple mathematics lesson’.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">May I politely suggest that it is Mr Blunkett who needs the mathematics lesson. The median tariff length for IPP sentences was 30 months before they changed the law in July. Or perhaps Mr Blunkett needs an English lesson? Maybe he got the wording wrong in the Criminal Justice Act 2003? Maybe he meant IPP to be applied to offences carrying a minimum ten year sentence (five year tariff) rather than for offences which carry a maximum sentence of ten years or more. No Mr Blunkett, you were not talking about sentences of about four to five years, you were talking about sentences measured in months. 28 days is the shortest one, I believe. Well done Mr Blunkett, no wonder you’re on gardening leave.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">IPP sentences have contributed significantly to prison overcrowding. If they had not been introduced in April 2005, the vast majority of IPP prisoners would have received a determinate sentence and been released on parole halfway through – this is how judges determine the length of tariff.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">But who really cares about prison overcrowding? The public want to see the jails full; it makes them feel safer. The politicians love it, as it looks like they are being ‘tough on crime’ – always a vote winner. And our illustrious prison officers and probation officers? They get all the overtime they want, their jobs are secure for life; a ‘nice little earner’. What about the programmes’ facilitators and the army of trainee psychologists? I understand the Government gives the prison £9,000 for every prisoner that goes on their programmes, and indeterminate sentenced prisoners can go on an indeterminate number of programmes! And solicitors and barristers? Now we’re really talking … all that legal aid. An indeterminate number of parole hearings where indeterminate (life) prisoners are entitled to a solicitor and a barrister to represent them. Every year or two we will be up for parole; for an indeterminate number of years. Nice work if you can get it. What about when we do eventually get parole? Apparently, thus far 31 of us have; the programmes Gestapo will be livid when they find out. We are going to need solicitors and barristers for the rest of our lives (well, minimum 10 years in any case).</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The median age for an IPP prisoner is 28. For many years we will be subject to the whims and mercies of hysterical probation officers and trainee psychologists with something to prove; an indeterminate number of recalls to work on. Surely this is the goose that lays the golden egg for solicitors and barristers?</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">Prisoners themselves, and their families, must be upset about prison overcrowding. Well, actually, many thousands of prisoners are facing the prospect of having their sentences cut short and being released a few weeks early because of prison overcrowding. The Government ‘solution’ is to build even more prisons so that they can imprison even more people.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">What about the victims of our crimes? All IPP sentences are for violent or sexual offences. All victims are likely to have suffered physically and emotionally and are likely to do so for the rest of their lives. In effect, they are serving a life sentence because of what we have done. So why shouldn’t we? I have no answer to this question. We can not possibly pay the debt we owe to our victims and with an indeterminate life sentence we can never pay back the debt we owe to society until the day we die.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">The feelings of helplessness, despair and isolation that accompany the IPP sentence are overwhelming, for us and for our families. I am one of those fortunate enough to have support from my family and good friends. Here I would like to mention a friend of mine, Simon, who I met here at Manchester. He was serving an IPP and genuinely wanted to change his offending behaviour. He got himself a place on a therapeutic community programme at HMP Dovegate. He was there for a number of months, then killed himself this summer. We were all deeply shocked here at Manchester – our thoughts and condolences go to Simon’s family and friends on the outside.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">So, if you are a low tariff IPP prisoner, what can you do? Well, don’t despair! Don’t do anything stupid. I would encourage anybody who is feeling like Simon to contact a prison listener or the Samaritans. Go on the programmes they tell you to go on. You have no choice. But you can do something to give yourself hope. The Government thinks it has now fixed the IPP problem and that it has gone away, but it hasn’t; there are still some loose ends. Let them know that we are still here and we are not going anywhere. Write to your MP. Write to Justice Secretary, Jack Straw at the House of Commons, London SW1. Maybe David Blunkett would like to hear from us as well? Give yourself hope! Do something positive!</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">What about you solicitors and barristers out there? Are any of you willing to take on the government? Do we have any kind of legal leg to stand on? Is the change in law to abolish short tariff IPP sentences prejudicial to prisoners who have already received the ill-conceived creation?</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></span></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;">I realise that violent and sex offenders are the lepers and pariahs of modern society, but we wouldn’t mind a little bit of compassion right now. Where is that wonderful man of compassion Lord Longford when we need him?</p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: large; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b> </b></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: large; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6lbWMpw6fFU/YCQBgPtoFmI/AAAAAAAAoPo/X0sWpCGKJcIc7g4xKEjlQVquFcnp9yNzQCLcBGAsYHQ/s3420/Z1PP%2BPAROLEBOARD.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3420" data-original-width="2400" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6lbWMpw6fFU/YCQBgPtoFmI/AAAAAAAAoPo/X0sWpCGKJcIc7g4xKEjlQVquFcnp9yNzQCLcBGAsYHQ/w450-h640/Z1PP%2BPAROLEBOARD.jpg" width="450" /></a></b></span></div><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: large; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b><br /></b></span><p></p><p class="yiv9055824149MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">As always if you have money you can afford to have the best solicitors and barristers in place to ensure you get the rights that you are entitled too. If you don’t have money you really have to do your homework and work out and fight for your rights. No wonder we have so many IPPs not aware of their rights languishing away in dungeons.</span></p><p class="yiv9055824149MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">They have clarified that they have informed all board members and provided a link which I have put below which clarifies the relevant paragraph of the Prison Instruction. </span></p><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: large; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b><br /></b></span><p></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: large; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><b>Extract from Parole Board Duty Member Guidance - 2020
Termination of IPP or DPP Licence</b></span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> Background
5.7.1 An offender sentenced to Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) or
Detention for Public Protection (DPP) has the right, under section 31A of
the Crime (Sentences) Act 19971
to apply for consideration to be given to
terminating their IPP2
licence 10 years after their initial release,
regardless of whether they have subsequently been recalled and rereleased. For the purposes of this guidance reference to the IPP sentence
will also include the DPP sentence.
5.7.2 Any applications for termination of an IPP licence should be made by the
licensee themselves, either to the Parole Board directly or via the National
Probation Service (NPS)/ PPCS. However, where an application is
received directly from the licensee to the Parole Board, the NPS will still
need to be notified, via PPCS, so that the correct information pack can be
prepared.
5.7.3 It is only the Parole Board that can terminate an IPP licence.
5.7.4 Once an IPP licence has been terminated, the licensee will not be subject
to recall, and unlike the suspension of supervision, all of the licence
conditions are terminated and may not be re-imposed.
5.7.5 Rule 31 of the Parole Board Rules 2019 deals explicitly with termination of
licences:
“Applications to terminate IPP licences.
31.— (1) Where an offender qualifies to make an application to terminate their
licence under section 31A of the 1997 Act, the offender may make a direct
application to the Parole Board or apply through the Secretary of State.
(2) Where an offender makes a direct application, the Board must serve
the application on the Secretary of State and the Secretary of State must
serve any reports or evidence as directed by the Parole Board.
(3) Where an application is made through the Secretary of State, the
Secretary of State must serve any reports or evidence at the same time
as sending the application to the Parole Board.
(4) Where the Parole Board receives an application, either from the
offender directly or through the Secretary of State, a panel appointed
under rule 5(5) must consider the application in accordance with section
31A(4) of the 1997 Act.
1 Section 31A of the 1997 Act was inserted by the 2003 Act and has been amended by section
117(10)(a) of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 c. 10, and
paragraph 141 of Schedule 16 to the Armed Forces Act 2006 c. 52.
2
IPP should be read to include DPP throughout this guidance
(5) In considering the application under paragraphs (2) or (3), the panel
may—
(a) make a decision on the papers, or
(b) direct that the application should be decided by a panel at a hearing.
(6) Where a panel considers the application on the papers or at a hearing,
it must decide to—
(a) terminate the offender’s licence;
(b) amend the offender’s licence in accordance with section 31(3) of the
1997 Act, or
(c) refuse the application.
(7) Where a decision is made by a panel under paragraph (6), the Parole
Board must record that decision in writing with reasons for that decision,
and that record must be provided to the offender and Secretary of State
within 14 days of the decision.”
PPCS and NPS role
5.7.6 Instructions on terminating licences are set out in PI 08/2015 – Managing
Indeterminate Sentenced Offenders on Licence.
5.7.7 The NPS responsible officer is not required to make applications on behalf
of the licensee and so requests can be initiated by the licensee as the
starting point. However, responsible officers can, where they feel it
appropriate, make contact with the licensee and suggest making an
application.
5.7.8 A licensee does not require the support of the responsible officer in order
to make an application directly to the Parole Board. However, the
responsible officer is required to produce a report where an application is
made.
5.7.9 PPCS will make contact with the appointed responsible officer and ensure
all the necessary paperwork, as set out in the Parole Board proforma
(which has been agreed by HMPPS officials), is provided.
5.7.10 Once all the information has been collated a “Request for Termination of
IPP licence” form is completed and attached to the information pack and
sent to the Parole Board. A copy of this Termination Report can be found
at Annex 1.
5.7.11 This form must be signed by the Line Manager of the Responsible Officer
and endorsed by an ACO or equivalent.
Managing cases: stage one – receiving the application
5.7.12 Upon receipt of an application directly from the licensee, the Secretariat
will prepare a proforma which confirms receipt and requests PPCS to
provide an information pack containing the following:
1. Notification of release
2. Last release decision
3. Release licence
4. Any post-release licence variation requests and outcomes
5. Licence cancellation application form
6. Reports from probation/police on up to date position
7. Previous parole dossier
5.7.13 Where the application has come via PPCS, the same proforma is used but
with a variation of wording, acknowledging receipt of the information
pack, which should contain all the documents set out in the above list.
5.7.14 The proforma will be submitted to the duty member who will sign and
date the form, after which the Secretariat will submit to PPCS. A copy of
the proforma can be found at Annex 2.
Managing cases: stage two – considering the application
5.7.15 Once the information pack has been received and checked to ensure it
contains all the required information, it will be submitted to the duty
member for consideration.
5.7.16 It is important to check if this is the first application or if there have been
previous requests that were refused. There must be a minimum of 12
months between each application. If the request is within 12 months of
any previous request, the case should be referred back to PPCS to
investigate and advise.
5.7.17 Things to consider:
• The scale of progress across the ten-year period including work that
has been carried out in the community to address the licensee’s risk
factors and to meet sentence planning objectives. The Termination
Report should summarise the key events during the licence period
since initial release, highlighting any areas of concern or progress
• Content of previous progress reports submitted to PPCS
• The licensee’s current circumstances in terms of the stability of their
lifestyle, current accommodation and history, current employment and
history, and current relationships and history
• Whether the licensee has been recalled at any time over the ten-year
period and if details of any recall are provided
• Whether applications to vary the licence conditions have been made at
any point since release, and if so, the conditions under which any such
variations were requested and granted (or refused)
• Whether the licensee is still under supervision, and when was the last
contact
• What is or has been the frequency and nature of contact and how has
this changed over the licence period
• If no longer under active supervision, when was it suspended
• Is there evidence that checks with other relevant agencies listed in the
Termination Report have been carried out? If the licensee has come to
the attention of one or more of these agencies, their application must
still be referred to the Parole Board, but full details must be provided
• What is current or last known risk of serious harm category? All four
categories of risk of serious harm (public, children, known adult, staff)
should be considered and noted on the application if there is more than
one category relevant to the licensee’s risk
• What is the current or last known MAPPA level?
• Any bespoke licence conditions still in place
• Any previous applications to terminate the licence (with outcome)
• What is the recommendation of the responsible officer and is there
sufficient information to support their view?
5.7.18 If victims are signed up to the Victim Contact Scheme, they have a right
to be notified of the application and they are entitled to submit a Victim
Personal Statement (‘VPS’). The VPS should confine itself to the impact
that termination of the licence may have on the victim and not express a
view about the termination.
5.7.19 If the licence is terminated all licence conditions will cease, including those
relating to victims (non-contact and/or exclusion zones).
Managing cases: stage three – the decision
5.7.20 The decision to be made is whether you are satisfied that it is no longer
necessary for the protection of the public that the licence should remain in
force; in which case the licence may be terminated.
5.7.21 The application will be dealt with as swiftly as possible, providing all
required information is submitted with the information pack.
5.7.22 Once the decision has been made by the duty member, it must be issued
within 14 days, in line with timeframes for parole decisions.
5.7.23 In making a decision you have the following options, as set out in the
Rules:
(a) make a decision on the papers, or
(b) to direct that the application should be decided by a panel at a
hearing.
5.7.24 If you believe that an oral hearing is necessary to properly consider the
application, then directions will need to be issued on an MCA Directions
form. The Secretary of State should be directed to secure a suitable
location for the oral hearing to take place.
5.7.25 If you have enough information in the papers, or after an oral hearing, to
make a decision you can:
(a) terminate the offender’s licence
(b) amend the offender’s licence
(c) refuse the application</span></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/the-united-group-for-reform-of-ipp/">IPP: Creation, abolition and festering afterlife – insidetime & insideinformation</a></span><a href="https://insidetime.org/unfair-and-unjust/">Amnesty International calls on UK to free thousands of prisoners held on abolished IPP sentences – insidetime & insideinformation</a></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/locked-up-with-no-end-in-sight/" style="background-color: transparent;">Locked Up with no end in sight – insidetime & insideinformation</a></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/short-tariff-ipp-sentences/">Short tariff IPP sentences – insidetime & insideinformation</a></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/short-tariff-ipp-sentences/">Short tariff IPP sentences – insidetime & </a><a href="https://insidetime.org/opportunity-lost-or-just-delayed/" style="background-color: transparent;">Opportunity lost or just delayed? 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– insidetime & insideinformation</a></p><p class="p1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #010101; font-family: "DM Sans"; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></p></span></span></div>katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-43202220494087279472021-01-12T14:36:00.000+00:002021-01-12T14:36:38.988+00:00IPP licence termination apply for consideration 10 years after your initial release, regardless of whether you have subsequently been recalled and re-released. Prison population / Determinate and Indeterminate sentences figures. <p> </p><div class="govuk-grid-column-two-thirds"><div class="gem-c-title govuk-!-margin-top-8 govuk-!-margin-bottom-8"><h1 class="gem-c-title__text gem-c-title__text--long"> IPP licence termination member guidance
</h1>
</div>
</div>
<div class="govuk-grid-column-two-thirds">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">The Parole Board has issued guidance to members on the
termination of IPP licences for prisoners 10 years after their initial release.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Published 7 October 2020 </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">From: Parole Board</span></p><div class="responsive-bottom-margin"><section id="details">
<h2 class="gem-c-heading gem-c-heading--font-size-27 gem-c-heading--mobile-top-margin">Details</h2>
<div class="gem-c-govspeak govuk-govspeak direction-ltr" data-module="govspeak">
<div class="govspeak">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">An offender sentenced to Imprisonment for Public Protection
(IPP) or Detention for Public Protection (DPP) has the right, under section 31A
of the Crime (Sentences) Act 1997 to apply for consideration to be given to
terminating their licence 10 years after their initial release, regardless of
whether they have subsequently been recalled and re-released.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">It is only the Parole Board that can terminate an IPP or DPP
licence. Rule 31 of the Parole Board Rules 2019 deals explicitly with
termination of these licences.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Any applications for termination of an IPP or DPP licence
should be made by the offender themselves, either to the Parole Board
directly, or via their Community Offender Manager (COM).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Where an application is received by the Parole Board directly
from the offender the Parole Board will notify PPCS via a standard direction
and provide a copy of the application and the offender’s contact details. PPCS
will then notify the COM, who will prepare a report to add to the dossier of
information that the Parole Board will need in order to consider the
application.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">When the Parole Board receives the dossier of information it
will carry out a risk assessment to establish if the licence can be terminated
or if it is still required to protect the public. The Parole Board can make one
of the following decisions:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">(a) terminate the offender’s licence (b) amend the offender’s
licence (c) refuse the application<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Once an IPP or DPP licence has been terminated, the offender
will not be subject to recall on that licence, and unlike the suspension of
supervision (which is a separate process), all of the licence conditions
related to that licence are terminated and may not be re-imposed.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">If a request is refused a further application can be made
after 12 months.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</section>
</div><p class="gem-c-lead-paragraph"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span></p><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en"><br /></div><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en"><br /></div><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Extract from Parole Board Duty Member Guidance-2020Termination
of IPP or DPP LicenceBackground5.7.1An offender sentenced to Imprisonment for
Public Protection (IPP) or Detention for Public Protection (DPP) has the right,
under section 31A of the Crime (Sentences) Act 19971to apply for consideration
to be given to terminating their IPP2licence 10 years after their initial
release, regardless of whether they have subsequently been recalled and
re-released. For the purposes of this guidance reference to the IPP sentence
will also include the DPP sentence.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.2Any applications for termination of an IPP licence
should be made by the licensee themselves, either to the Parole Board directly
or via the National Probation Service (NPS)/PPCS. However, where an application
is received directly from the licensee to the Parole Board, the NPS will still
need to be notified, via PPCS, so that the correct information pack can be
prepared.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.3It is only the Parole Board that can terminate an IPP
licence.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.4Once an IPP licence has been terminated, the licensee
will not be subject to recall, and unlike the suspension of supervision, all of
the licence conditions are terminated and may not be re-imposed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.5Rule 31of the Parole Board Rules 2019 deals explicitly
with termination of licences:“Applications to terminate IPP licences.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">31.—(1) Where an offender qualifies to make an application to
terminate their licence under section 31A of the 1997 Act, the offender may
make a direct applicationto the Parole Board or apply through the Secretary of
State.(2) Where an offender makes a direct application, the Board must serve
the application on the Secretary of State and the Secretary of State must serve
any reports or evidence as directed by the Parole Board.(3) Where an
application is made through the Secretary of State, the Secretary of State must
serve any reports or evidence at the same time as sending the application to
the Parole Board.(4) Where the Parole Board receives an application, either
from the offender directly or through the Secretary of State, a panel appointed
under rule 5(5) must consider the application in accordance with section 31A(4)
of the 1997 Act.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 107%;">1Section 31A of the 1997 Act was inserted by the 2003 Act and
has been amended by section 117(10)(a) of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and
Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 c. 10, and paragraph 141 of Schedule 16 to the
Armed Forces Act 2006 c. 52.2IPP should be read to include DPP throughout this
guidance<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">(5) In considering the application under paragraphs (2) or
(3), the panel may—(a) make a decision on the papers, or(b) direct that the
application should be decided by a panel at a hearing.(6) Where a panel
considers the application on the papers or at a hearing, itmust decideto—(a)
terminate the offender’s licence;(b) amend the offender’s licence in accordance
with section 31(3) of the 1997Act, or(c) refuse the application.(7) Where a
decision is made by a panel under paragraph (6), the Parole Board must record
that decision in writing with reasons for that decision, and that record must
be provided to the offender and Secretary of State within 14 days of the
decision.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">”PPCS and NPS role<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.6 Instructions on terminating licences are set out in PI
08/2015 –Managing Indeterminate Sentenced Offenders on Licence.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.7 The NPS responsible officer is not required to make
applications on behalf of the licensee and so requests can be initiated by the
licensee as the starting point. However, responsible officers can, where they
feel it appropriate, make contact withthe licensee and suggest making an
application.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.8 Alicensee does not require the support of the
responsible officer in order to make an application directly to the Parole
Board. However, the responsible officer is required to produce a report where
an application is made.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.9 PPCS will make contact with the appointed responsible
officer and ensure all the necessary paperwork, as set out in the Parole Board
proforma (which has been agreed by HMPPS officials), is provided.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.10 Once all the information has been collated a “Request
for Termination of IPP licence” form is completed and attached to the
information pack and sent to the Parole Board. A copy of this Termination
Report can be found at Annex <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">1.5.7.11 This form must be signed by theLine Manager of the
Responsible Officer and endorsed by an ACO or equivalent.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Managing cases: stage one –receiving the application<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.12 Upon receipt of an application directly from the
licensee, the Secretariat will prepare a proforma which confirms receiptand
requests PPCS to provide an information pack containing the following:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">1.Notification of release<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">2.Last release decision<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">3.Release licence<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">4.Any post-release licence variation requests and outcomes<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.Licence cancellation application form<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">6.Reports from probation/police on up to date position<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">7.Previous parole dossier<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.13 Where the application has come via PPCS, the same
proforma is used but with a variation of wording, acknowledging receipt of the
information pack, which should contain allthe documents set out in the above
list.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.14 The proforma will be submitted to the duty member who
will sign and date the form, after which the Secretariat will submit to PPCS. A
copy of the proforma can be found at Annex 2.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Managingcases: stage two –considering the application<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.15 Once the information pack has been received and
checked to ensure it contains all the required information, it will be
submitted to the duty member for consideration.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.16 It is important to check if this is the first
application or if there have been previous requests that were refused. There
must be a minimum of 12 months between each application. If the request is
within 12 months of any previous request, the case should be referred back to
PPCS to investigate and advise.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.17Things to consider:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•The scale of progress across the ten-year period including
work that has been carried out in the community to address the licensee’s risk
factors and to meet sentence planning objectives. The Termination Report should
summarise the key events during the licence period since initial release,
highlighting any areas of concern or progress<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•Content of previous progress reports submitted to PPCS <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•The licensee’s current circumstances in terms of the
stability of their lifestyle, current accommodation and history, current
employment and history, and current relationships and history<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•Whether the licensee has been recalled at any time over the
ten-year period and if details of any recall are provided<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•Whether applications to vary the licence conditions have
been made at any point since release, and if so, the conditions under which any
such variations were requested and granted (or refused)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•Whether the licensee is still under supervision, and when
was the last contact<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•What is or has been the frequency and nature ofcontact and
how has this changed over the licence period<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•If no longer under active supervision, when was it suspended<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•Is there evidence that checks with other relevant agencies
listed in the Termination Report have been carried out? If the licensee has
come to <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">the attention of one or more of these agencies, their
application must still be referred to the Parole Board, but full details must
be provided<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•What is current or last known risk of serious harmcategory?
All four categories of risk ofserious harm (public, children, known adult,
staff) should be considered and noted on the application if there is more than
one category relevant to the licensee’s risk<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•What is the current or last known MAPPA level?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•Any bespoke licence conditions still inplace<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•Any previous applications to terminate the licence (with
outcome)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">•What is the recommendation of the responsible officer and is
there sufficient information to support their view?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.18 If victims are signed up to the Victim Contact Scheme,
they have a right to be notified of the application and they are entitled to
submit a Victim Personal Statement(‘VPS’). The VPS should confine itself to the
impact that termination of the licence may have on the victim and not express a
view about the termination.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.19 If the licence is terminated all licence conditions
will cease, including those relating to victims (non-contact and/or exclusion
zones).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Managing cases: stage three –the decision<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.20 The decision to be made is whether you are satisfied
that it is no longer necessary for the protection of the public that the
licence should remain in force; in which case the licence may be terminated. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.21 The application will be dealt with as swiftly as
possible, providing all required information is submitted with the information
pack.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.22 Once the decision has been made by the duty member, it
must be issued within 14 days, in line with timeframes for parole decisions.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.23 In making a decision you have the following options,
as set out in the Rules:(a) make a decision on the papers, or(b) to direct that
the application should be decided by a panel at a hearing.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.24 If you believe that an oral hearing is necessary to
properly consider the application, then directions will need to be issued on an
MCA Directions form. The Secretary of Stateshould be directed to secure a
suitable location for the oral hearing to take place.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">5.7.25 If you have enough information in the papers, or after
an oral hearing, to make a decision you can:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">(a) terminate the offender’s licence<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">(b) amend the offender’s licence<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">(c) refuse the application<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en"><br /></div><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en"><br /></div><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en"><br /></div><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Quarterly:
January to March 2020<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Prison
population: 30 June 2020<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Main Points<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="3" class="MsoNormalTable">
<thead>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;"></td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;"></td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">79,514
prisoners in England and Wales as at 30 June 2020<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">The total
prison population is 4% lower than the same point in the previous year,
driven by a fall of around 3,500 between March and June 2020 as a result of
COVID-19 disruption to courts.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">17,092
first receptions into prison between January and March 2020<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">The number
of first receptions represents a fall of 3% compared to the same period in
2019.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">14,721
releases from sentences between January and March 2020<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">This is 5%
lower than the same period in 2019. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">As the prison population shifts towards
those serving longer sentences, we would expect fewer releases in a given
period.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">50,044
adjudication outcomes between January and March 2020<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">This is a fall
of 8% compared to the same period </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">in 2019. Additional days were awarded as
punishment on 4,496 occasions – this is 17% lower than the same period in
2019.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table></div><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="3" class="MsoNormalTable">
<tbody><tr>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">6,690
licence recalls between January and March 2020<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">This is an
8% increase on the same quarter in 2019, driven by increases in recalls from
determinate sentences of more than 12 months.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">241,350
offenders on probation at the end of March 2020<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0.75pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">This
number has fallen by 5% compared to the number supervised as at 31 March
2019.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: white; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">This publication provides offender management annual
and quarterly </span><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">statistics
for the latest date available and provides comparisons to the previous year.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en"><br /></div><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">The most recent weekly management information published by
HMPPS shows that the prison population has increased by around 100 (to 79,620)
in the period since the end of June 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">At this stage, it is difficult to determine what level the
prison population is likely to return to as courts return to business and
changes in the offence mix committed over this period are taken into account.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">The prison population stood at 79,514 on 30 June 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">The sentenced prison population stood at 67,352 (85% of the
prison population); the remand prison population stood at 11,388 (14%) and the
non-criminal prison population stood at 774 (1%).<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en"><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cMYuLPC4ON0/X_2b35ZY1CI/AAAAAAAAoL8/_5z7Se5T2kQZr1JsFvEstbvqf04OfXBHwCLcBGAsYHQ/s960/Population.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="960" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cMYuLPC4ON0/X_2b35ZY1CI/AAAAAAAAoL8/_5z7Se5T2kQZr1JsFvEstbvqf04OfXBHwCLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/Population.png" /></a></div><p><a class="govuk-link" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/criminal-court-statistics-quarterly-january-to-march-2020">https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/criminal-court-statistics-quarterly-january-to-march-2020</a> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">suggests that the number of outstanding cases (“caseload”)
for both Magistrates Court and Crown Court have shown a substantial increase
since March 2020 – which has resulted in prisoners being held on remand for
longer.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Broadly speaking, the longer-term trend shows marked
decreases in prisoners serving short sentences of less than 4 years and
increases in prisoner numbers serving longer determinate sentences of 4 years
plus.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">However, over the latest 12 month period there have been
decreases in the sentenced prisoner population across all sentence lengths
except for the very longest sentences (a 1% annual increase in the sentenced
population serving determinate sentences of ‘14 years or more’, and an 8%
increase in those serving ‘Extended Determinate Sentences (EDSs)’).<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id="extended-determinate-sentences-eds">Extended Determinate Sentences (EDS)</h3><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">EDSs were made available for courts to impose from 13 April 2015.
On 30 June 2020, 5,815 prisoners were serving such sentences; an 8% increase
compared to the same time last year.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id="indeterminate-sentences">Indeterminate sentences</h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">As at 30 June 2020, there were 8,954 (8,618 male; 336 female)
indeterminate sentenced prisoners (those serving Imprisonment for Public Protection
(IPP) sentences and life sentences) in the prison population. This represents
an annual decrease of 4%.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">There were 1,969 IPP prisoners as at 30 June 2020 which
represents a decrease of 15% in the last 12 months. This figure has decreased
since the June 2012 peak of 6,080, however the number of IPP prisoners who have
been recalled to custody continues to increase; in the past year the recalled
IPP population has grown by 22% (to 1,359).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">The proportion of the IPP population who are post-tariff continues
to increase; 94% of IPP prisoners were post-tariff as of 30 June 2020 compared
to 92% at the same time the previous year.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">The number of life sentenced prisoners (6,985) has decreased
by 1% compared to 30 June 2019. There were 63 whole-life prisoners at the end
of June 2020, with 3 additional life prisoners being treated in secure
hospitals.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id="recall-to-custody">Recall to custody</h3><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">The prison population who have been recalled to custody
(9,226 prisoners) increased by 24% over the year leading up to 30 June 2020.
This can be attributed to the rise in the number of offenders serving longer
sentences, which are subsequently recalled shortly after.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Conversely there was a 9% increase in the number of recall
admissions (to 6,494) in the latest quarter (compared to the same period in
2019). Of these, the number of recall admissions from determinate sentences
increased by 8% and those from indeterminate sentences increased by 23%.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id="releases"><span class="number">3. </span> Releases</h2><div><p><strong>In the last quarter.</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">14,531 releases from determinate sentences and 190 from
indeterminate sentences.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id="prison-releases-from-custodial-sentences">Prison releases from custodial sentences</h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">There were 5% fewer releases during the quarter ending March
2020 compared to the same quarter in 2019. There were large decreases in the
number of releases from short sentences (less than 4 years) but an increase
(3%) in releases from longer determinate sentences (4 years or more) compared
to the same quarter in 2019. This reflects the general trend in the prison
population away from short sentenced offenders, to those serving longer
determinate sentences.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">There were 190 releases from indeterminate sentences (85 IPP,
105 Life) between January and March 2020, a 12% decrease from the same period
in 2019. The number of IPP and life releases fell by 10% and 13% respectively.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">While the number of IPP releases tended to be around 130 and
above per quarter in previous years, the number of released IPP prisoners is
now declining, and is expected to continue in future quarters.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id="releases-on-temporary-licence-rotl">Releases on Temporary Licence (ROTL)</h3><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">There were 98,938 incidences of ROTL during the quarter
ending March 2020, which is a 2% increase on the same quarter last year. 4,957
individuals were given at least one incidence of ROTL between January and March
2020 - an increase of 16% compared to the same quarter in 2019.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">There were 204 recorded Temporary Release Failures (TRFs)
between January and March 2020. This is an increase of 18 compared with the
previous quarter and an increase of 46 compared with the same period the
previous year. TRFs as a proportion of temporary release incidences remain at a
low level, with approximately only 1 in every 485 incidences of temporary
release resulting in a failure between January and March 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h3 id="prisoner-transfers">Prisoner transfers</h3><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">There was a total of 20,898 recorded incidences of prisoner
transfer during the latest quarter (2% decrease from last year). The majority
of these (73%) were routine inter-prison transfers. 17,359 prisoners had at
least one incidence of a transfer in quarter ending December 2019.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><br /></p><p><strong>There were 50,044 adjudication outcomes between January and March 2020.</strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">This is a decrease of 8% on the same quarter in the previous
year. Additional days were awarded as punishment on 4,496 occasions in this
quarter.63% <o:p></o:p></span></p><h2 id="licence-recalls"><span class="number">5. </span>Licence Recalls</h2><p><strong>The number of licence recalls between January and March 2020
was 6,690, of which 594 were recalls from Home Detention Curfew (HDC).</strong></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">The total number of recalls increased by 8% compared to the
same quarter in 2019.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><h3 id="offenders-not-returned-to-custody">Offenders not returned to custody</h3></div><div><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">The
total number of quarterly recalls has generally been increasing since
October-December 2016. Although the number of recalls increased by 8% from the
same quarter a year ago, it represents a decrease of 1% from the previous
quarter. There has been a marked increase in the number of quarterly recalls
since 2018, partly due to increased HDC recalls and recalls of offenders from
determinate sentences of 12 months or more.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">The number of quarterly recalls
of offenders released from a sentence of under 12 months has been relatively
stable in recent years, averaging about 2,257 each quarter since January-March
2018.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">After a fall in the number of
offenders recalled from a sentence of over 12 months from early 2016 to
mid-2017, the number of these recalls (including recalls of those with
indeterminate sentences) has continued to trend upwards. Between January and
March 2020, there were 4,374 offenders recalled from a sentence over 12 months,
an increase of 10% in comparison to the same quarter in the previous year.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">There usually is more than one
reason for recalling an offender on licence. In recent quarters, about 4 in 10
recalls involved the offender recalled for facing further charges.
Non-compliance was given as one of the reasons for recalling in about 7 out of
10 recalls in January-March 2020, consistent with recent quarters.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">Between January and March 2020,
89 IPP prisoners and 46 prisoners serving a life sentence were re-released,
having previously been returned to custody for a breach of licence conditions.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p>
<h3 id="offenders-not-returned-to-custody">Offenders not returned to custody</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">Of all
those released on licence and recalled to custody due to breaching the
conditions of their licence between April 1999 and March 2020, there were 1,935
who had not been returned to custody by the end of June 2020.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">A further 17 offenders had not
been returned to custody as of June 2020 after recall between 1984 and April
1999, meaning the total number of offenders not returned to custody at the end
of June 2020 was 1,952. These figures include some offenders believed to be
dead or living abroad but who have not been confirmed as dead or deported.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">Of the 1,952 not returned to
custody by 30 June 2020, 327 had originally been serving a prison sentence for
violence against the person offences and a further 59 for sexual offences.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">As at 31 March 2020, there were
241,350 offenders supervised by the Probation Service (Figure 2), representing
a 5% decrease compared to the 31 March 2019. Over the same period, court order
caseload decreased by 9% from 111,667 to 101,300, with the number of offenders
on a community order (CO) decreasing by 10% and those on a suspended sentence
order (SSO) with requirements decreasing by 8%. The total caseload of offenders
supervised before or after release from prison at the end of March 2020 was
144,614, representing a decrease of 3% since the end of March 2019.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
</p><p><strong>Figure 2: Number of offenders under Probation Service
supervision, 31 March 2010 to 2020 (source for 2018 to 2020: Table 4.6;
source for years prior to 2018: Table 4.7)</strong></p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nm0VC4mnOVQ/X_2fSqyHWiI/AAAAAAAAoMI/ARMRf-v2z14nLmQlwGU1w4P-t-eSwn2NACLcBGAsYHQ/s960/Probation.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="960" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nm0VC4mnOVQ/X_2fSqyHWiI/AAAAAAAAoMI/ARMRf-v2z14nLmQlwGU1w4P-t-eSwn2NACLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/Probation.png" /></a></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">As at 31 March 2020, there were 241,350 offenders
supervised by the Probation Service (Figure 2), representing a 5% decrease
compared to the 31 March 2019. Over the same period, court order caseload
decreased by 9% from 111,667 to 101,300, with the number of offenders on a
community order (CO) decreasing by 10% and those on a suspended sentence order
(SSO) with requirements decreasing by 8%. The total caseload of offenders
supervised before or after release from prison at the end of March 2020 was
144,614, representing a decrease of 3% since the end of March 2019.</span><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>There needs to be a Review of Self-inflicted Deaths of IPP prisoners in Prison reflect the the real issues. </b></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="text-align: left;">Outdated review 2016</span><span style="text-align: left;"> below.</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;">https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/747470/review-of-deaths-in-custody-2016.pdf</span></p><h1 class="gem-c-title__text gem-c-title__text--long"><span style="font-size: large;">Coronavirus recovery in prisons and probation </span> </h1><p>https://www.gov.uk/government/news/coronavirus-recovery-in-prisons-and-probation</p></div><div><br /></div></div><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en">https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/924827/Annex_A_-_IPP_Licence_Termination_Member_Guidance.pdf</div><div class="app-c-published-dates" lang="en">https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-january-to-march-2020--2/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-january-to-march-2020</div></div>katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-59904012930981210172021-01-11T13:48:00.015+00:002021-02-17T18:58:19.906+00:00“The suffering caused by this disastrous sentence goes on... Seeking a reprieve can it be possible ?<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face="freight-sans-pro, sans-serif" style="color: #858585; font-size: 16px; text-align: left;">14 December 2020</span><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"> Aston Luff, solicitor, Hodge Jones & Allen, London.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Why is he in the news? The firm represented the family
of Tommy Nicol, an IPP [Imprisonment for Public Protection] prisoner at HMP The
Mount, who died in 2015. The family began a landmark claim alleging that the
operation of the IPP sentence caused Tommy’s death, and the <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Administration of it constituted a breach of his right to
life under the Human Rights Act. The Ministry of Justice has settled the claim.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Thoughts on the case: <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">‘Despite the obvious injustices they cause, existing IPP
sentences have proven Tommy’s case, he was stuck in his IPP
sentence, not for lack of effort or unwillingness to fulfil the requirements
for his release. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">After repeated attempts to access the required rehabilitative
courses, he conducted a hunger strike as a last resort. However, symptomatic of
the IPP bureaucratic nightmare, this resulted in disciplinary hearings which
denied him access to the very courses he was hoping to be accepted on.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"> Like so many on IPP sentences, Tommy was stuck in a
vicious cycle of bureaucracy and deteriorating mental health, caused by the
sentence itself. Ultimately, he lost hope. Paying out damages does not
guarantee that the government will get to grips with the human suffering caused
by IPP sentences, so we hope that this settlement is a springboard for future
change. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">The family have launched Ungripp, a campaign which sets out
the changes that can be made to end the injustice.’<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">A prison service spokesperson said: ‘Our sympathies
remain with the family and friends of Mr Nicol. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Dealing with the media: ‘Even in the midst of their
grief, Tommy’s family have always wanted to keep in mind the bigger picture,
preventing others suffering as a result of the IPP sentence. Since the loss of
her brother, Donna has been incredible. She has campaigned in the media, met
with government ministers and supported families, to ensure that the stories of
Tommy and other IPP prisoners are not forgotten as statistics. It was an
important part of my role to support them in engaging with the media to help
shine a spotlight on the injustice of the IPP regime.’<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Why become a lawyer? ‘I previously worked at XLP, a
brilliant youth work charity. Sadly, some of the young people and families we
worked with were involved in court cases that left them feeling confused and
helpless. I switched careers with the hope of supporting people amid tough
times.’</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">UK
government pays out to family of IPP prisoner who killed themself<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal">"His family had begun a landmark claim in the high court, alleging the
operation and administration of the IPP sentence constituted a breach of
Nicol’s right to life under the Human Rights Act 1998, and led to his
death. His time in prison was characterised by repeated setbacks with access to
mental health care and rehabilitative courses that were crucial for him
to progress his sentence and secure his release.The issues continue. n evidence seen by the Guardian, which would have been put to the high
court, the consultant forensic psychiatrist Dr Dinesh Maganty said Nicol
and many other IPP prisoners were caught in a vicious cycle where, in
order to be released, they had to complete programmes that were not
available in sufficient numbers. Together with hopelessness, led to his suicide.”</p><p class="MsoNormal">https://www.theguardian.com/law/2020/nov/30/uk-government-pays-out-to-family-of-ipp-prisoner-who-killed-himself-tommy-nicol?</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px; text-align: justify;">Continue</span></p><p class="MsoNormal">CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other&fbclid=IwAR0RbzvBD9OX08fTyFRrEd7dZd5iUhE94EMxz45u4Eae_0tJu55j6d2FuDQ</p><div class="_6cuy"><div class="b3i9ofy5 e72ty7fz qlfml3jp inkptoze qmr60zad rq0escxv oo9gr5id q9uorilb kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x d2edcug0 jm1wdb64 l9j0dhe7 l3itjdph qv66sw1b"><div class="tw6a2znq sj5x9vvc d1544ag0 cxgpxx05"><span><div class="nc684nl6"><b>Response</b></div></span><div class="ecm0bbzt e5nlhep0 a8c37x1j"><span class="d2edcug0 hpfvmrgz qv66sw1b c1et5uql rrkovp55 a8c37x1j keod5gw0 nxhoafnm aigsh9s9 d3f4x2em fe6kdd0r mau55g9w c8b282yb iv3no6db jq4qci2q a3bd9o3v knj5qynh oo9gr5id" dir="auto"><div class="kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql"><div dir="auto"><i>Such
a terrible sentence; and once again the same reasons eg lack of or non
availability of specific courses for IPPs to progress poor adminstration. A landmark case
was brought against the government for exactly these reasons, I believe
in 2012, and here we are 8 years on and nothing has changed. The judge was right the government admitting the sentence is wrong it's time to
change it.</i></div></div></span></div></div></div></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><i> ..........................................................................................................</i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><b><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Do
you have a a question regarding the IPP sentence? Solicitor </span></b><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;">hope that this settlement is a springboard for future change. </span><b><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> is
kindly hosting a free legal Q&A session for people serving the IPP Sentence</span></b><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></p><h1 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"></span><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">additionally </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Family
</span> and advocates supporting those with a IPP sentence .</span></span>
</h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Wednesday
13th January 4pm-5pm. Read more and sign up here: LOCATION: Zoom - link to be
sent following sign up </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">, Dean Kingham who is an experienced solicitor from
Swain and Co. He will talk about the current situation regarding the IPP
sentence and answer any questions you may have.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1wQVY1vMLW-cjuYxDm847J3Wf9ko6_UJPGfNoWrMCak4/viewform?fbclid=IwAR203rs3rCNo-tbm7lmCTWUmxl12EpuidpXvruxxdSlyH9u1XFYt7y0quD8&edit_requested=true">Q
& A Online Event: IPP Parole Hearings (google.com)</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">.................................................................................................................<br /></p><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><br /></h2><h2 style="text-align: justify;">The parole board call for more applications.</h2><h2 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> Three IPP have had there life sentence lifted and almost 200 are thought to eligible at present. Public appeal for former IPP prisoners to come forward and apply to have their licence terminated. inside time,org</span></h2><div>https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=1199419430458638&set=pcb.3528148893891148</div><div>................................................................................</div><h2 style="text-align: center;"><br /></h2><h2 style="text-align: center;">Petition 35,581 of
40,000 signatures</h2><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #0b5394;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><b><span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span>https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-the-remaining-ipp-prisoners </span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span> </span></b></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 40px; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Thank you for supporting this and signing this petition. lets get this signed by the masses. </span><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Prisoners,
Family, Friends, Advocates, Media, and Supporters not forgetting staff working
for the Prisons ….</span><span style="font-size: x-large;"><b><span style="color: black;"> <span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: black;"> </span></b></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 40px; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"> </span></p><h1 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Email </span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Hello, IPP Campaign group</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">I am an IPP who has been released over 5 years with no issues
etc since being released. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">However, probation refuse to support me when it comes to my
suspension of supervision. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Do you have any contact details of legal firms that have
actually successfully challenged probation and their client is no longer
under supervision?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">I have spoken to many solicitors and none of them know much
about IPP and none of them have successfully challenged probation.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">They say they can help etc and it will cost x amount. However,
all they want is money and have no real interest at heart,which is why I want a
proven professional to help me.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Thanks for your time and i appreciate anything you can do to
help.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Kind regards</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Charles <br /></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">(<i>Name change for </i></span></span></span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;">privacy</span></i><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><i> </i>)</span></span><span style="font-size: 18pt;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><u><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"> Reply</span></span></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Dear Charles <br /></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Before we give you any advice it is important for me to
clarify that although we have a degree of legal knowledge, we are not
solicitors and our opinions are just ours. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">We take great care in trying
to ensure we give correct information but we cannot guarantee that we get everything
right.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">I am sorry to hear of your circumstances and I am afraid I am
unable to bring you the news that I am sure you would welcome. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">The decision as to whether your supervision element of your
licence can be cancelled (suspended) after 4 years is one for the LRRS (Lifer
Review and Recall Section) and your probation officer. It is not a
decision that you can influence with legal counsel sadly, it is one purely for
those relevant departments. One possible avenue would be to ask for
a formal reply on the matter and then to seek legal counsel for a judicial
review concerning the issue but I wouldn’t hold your breath. I
should also clarify that legally all that is required is for cancellation to be
considered. The prison instruction 4700 gives a clear explanation of the
process in chapter 13.9 Variation, Cancellation and Re-Imposition of
Licence conditions (page 6-7) in the attached 31 page document titled
PSO_4700. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">There are a few exceptions where an individual does not
qualify which are covered on page 7, these relate to the type of index offence.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">I obviously do not know how much you already know regarding
this area. The fact is that even if you were successful in getting the
supervision element cancelled, it can be reactivated at any time if something
happened. For example, if you received a caution or a complaint was made
or if relevant intelligence came to light. Once reactivated you could be
recalled or put back under supervision.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">You mention that you have had five years under licence with
no issues, which is really good news. If you are not already aware you
are entitled under section 31A of the Crime (Sentences) Act 1997 to apply for
consideration to be given to terminating your IPP licence 10 years after
your initial release. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">So be sure to keep the date of your very
first release from prison under the IPP sentence clear in your mind.
There has been a revision to chapter 13 of the PSO4700 during September this
year clarifying that the ten year countdown starts from the date of initial
release, so on the date of that anniversary be sure to send a formal
application direct to the Parole Board requesting that under the said mention
rule they consider terminating your licence. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> If you are unsuccessful then
reapply every year thereafter. I have attached the relevant revision
(Annex A) for clarification. I personally recommend that people send the
requests to the parole board because it is your right to do so and it removes
any potential hostility between you and your probation officer. The
parole board will direct her/him to supply the relevant dossier and assessments
when they commence your request. So there is no need to go through your
probation officer at all to instigate the process and unlike the
request to cancel the supervising aspect, if you are successful in this request
the licence is terminated permanently and cannot be
reactivated. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">In relation to legal counsel, it is not necessary in this
area unless you are being denied your right under section 31A to apply for
consideration to be given to terminating your licence. Legal
representation will have little effect on the parole board’s decision however
if after a few attempts you are not able to secure the termination then it
would be prudent to seek legal counsel. You would then be in a position
to give the previous decisions and reasoning to the solicitor who could then
make an informed assessment as to how to proceed. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Stephenson Solicitors had a dedicated team to handle issues
regarding IPPs, I also know a very good barrister called Dean Kingham who works
for Swain and Co Solicitors. We always recommend good legal counsel where
it is appropriate, especially when seeking release representation. If you
have not at any point challenged your IPP sentence then this would be a
worthwhile area to look into because changes were made during the early
years of the IPP sentence’s use to the qualifying remit. Unless your
sentence has been properly assessed by an IPP specialist solicitor like Dean
Kingham then you may have been incorrectly issued the sentence by the
sentencing judge in the first place. A specialist solicitor could
identify whether this is the likely case and if successfully challenged you
could have that sentence obliterated. This would be a far more worthwhile area
to spend money on if you are in a position to do so.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">I hope we have been able to help in some way.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Best regards</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"></span><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> IPP Campaign group. </span>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Email </span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 107%;">Dec 10, 2021</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">I am a
Clinical Psychologist working with a man who is currently wishing to appeal his
IPP. We would really benefit from some guidance and support with this better
and thinking through what his options might be. Would this be something you are
able to help with?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Many thanks
in advance </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Dr,
Mark Wakes </span></p><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"></span><br /></div><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Clinical
Psychologist </span><br /><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"></span><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Project Lead</span><br /><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"></span><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Project Future </span>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> (<i>Name changed for </i></span></span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;">privacy</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 14pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"><i> </i>)</span><span style="font-size: 18pt;"></span></p>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Dear Mark , </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Thank you for contacting us and yes I can give you
some direction in this matter. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">It is most important that he gets in touch with a competent
specialist solicitor who has experience in handling the IPP sentence. If
he did not appeal his sentence after it was issued there is a possibility that
after proper reassessment he may be able to have the sentenced challenged.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">There were changes made to the qualifying remit a
few years after the sentence came into use because it quickly became evident it
was being woefully over used. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> One solicitor known to a member of the group
is Dean Kingham, there are of course others. I have put a link to his
contact page below and a few other relevant solicitors. Obviously
it is wise to approach a number of specialist solicitors so tell him to have a
good look through the Inside Time newspaper. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> The first thing to do is probably the most
difficult, that is for him to compile as much information about his conviction
as he can but to put the information down as simplistically as possible, like a
list of bulletin points. You do not want to overwhelm the
solicitors when you approach them initially but you want to provide quick and
easy points to help them evaluate and respond reasonably quickly, they will ask
for additional information as and when they need it.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">.<i>Vital information they will need:-</i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Name, prison number, location</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Date of conviction, Court and ideally trial and
sentencing judge</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Type of conviction</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Sentence minimum term</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Whether the conviction was challenged</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Did the sentence get challenged?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Any successful parole’s containing dates of release
and recall</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Date of last parole</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">In a short paragraph the reason given for his last
parole refusal</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Once he has done that and written out a good number
of copies he is then ready to start sending them out to the relevant
solicitors. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Solicitors will take time to reply, he should
however follow up each one with a polite chase letter containing a copy (if
possible) of the original letter after 30 days if he receives no reply.
Be sure that he adds a degree of desperation in the chase letter and tells the
solicitor how this sentence is affecting his mental health. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">I would also advice not informing them at this
early stage whether he will need legal aid, this may switch some solicitors off
straight away because of the complexities of handling cases under this
provision. They may ask this question in their reply which is fine but
hopefully they will have given him an idea as to whether they are in a position
to offer the specialist assistance he would need and if they do not deal with
Legal Aid cases then he should always ask them for assistance in locating a
suitable barrister that will.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">I hope this helps.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">Best regards</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">IPP Campaign group.</span></p>
<br /><div style="text-align: left;">
</div><p class="yiv9673621764gmail-MsoNoSpacing" style="text-align: left;"><i><span face="Arial, sans-serif">Links below to relevant solicitors</span></i></p>
<p class="yiv9673621764gmail-MsoNoSpacing"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"> </span><a href="https://www.swainandco.com/team-view/dean-kingham/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" target="_blank"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">https://www.swainandco.com/team-view/dean-kingham/</span></a>
</p><p class="yiv9673621764gmail-MsoNoSpacing"><a href="https://www.stephensons.co.uk/site/individuals/srvcriminal/appeal_solicitors/ipp_sentences/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" target="_blank"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">https://www.stephensons.co.uk/site/individuals/srvcriminal/appeal_solicitors/ipp_sentences/</span></a></p>
<p class="yiv9673621764gmail-MsoNoSpacing"><a href="https://forrestwilliamssolicitors.com/news/imprisonment-public-protection-ipp-solicitors/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" target="_blank"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">https://forrestwilliamssolicitors.com/news/imprisonment-public-protection-ipp-solicitors/</span></a></p>
<p class="yiv9673621764gmail-MsoNoSpacing"><a href="https://www.hinesolicitors.com/services/prison-solicitor/ipp-prisoners/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" target="_blank"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">https://www.hinesolicitors.com/services/prison-solicitor/ipp-prisoners/</span></a></p>
<p class="yiv9673621764gmail-MsoNoSpacing"><a href="https://www.tuckerssolicitors.com/prison-law/ipp-prisoners/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" shape="rect" target="_blank"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">https://www.tuckerssolicitors.com/prison-law/ipp-prisoners/</span></a></p>
<p class="yiv9673621764gmail-MsoNoSpacing"><span face="Arial, sans-serif"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 24px;"><b>Email</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">Dear </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 24px;">IPP Campaign group</span><span style="font-size: 18pt;">,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Thank you for this information, this is incredibly helpful.
Thankfully we had started compiling most of the information you suggested and
reached out to a couple of solicitors, with no luck so far. Your additional
list of contacts is very helpful. Can I ask, from your experience are there
solicitors/barristers who do consider legal aid for these matters? So far that
has been the main challenge for this client.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Many thanks again<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="text-align: left;">Mark Wakes</span> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">(</span><i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Name changed for </span><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;">privacy</span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span></i><span style="font-size: 14pt;">)</span></span><span style="font-size: 18pt; text-align: left;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 24px;">Reply pending </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">And if anyone would like to write a list could be compiled in Thank you in advance. </span></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Email </span></b><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Dec1st, 2021 </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Hi Katherine </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">My son is in his 12 year of an IPP currently at...........,
withheld). he will be there for approx 2 more years before even being considered
for open prison he getting old, my sister raised my awareness of the the
blog and petition and thank you for the good work you are doing my mother is 97
now and Jason phones her everyday as the likely hood is he will never see her
again this is so wrong x</span></p><div style="color: black; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><p style="margin: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll white; color: black;"></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><br /></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: x-large;"><b>IPP Prisoners face cycle of release and recall.</b></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/8293011889770348192/4775437554398720173">Inside
Time Reports</a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/8293011889770348192/4775437554398720173">11th
December 2020</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">A growing number of people with Imprisonment for Public
Protection (IPP) sentences are stuck in a cycle of being released and recalled,
being released and recalled ove and over ,a report has warned.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Of more than 8,000 people who were handed the indefinite sentences
before they were abolished in 2012, there were 1,895 still in prison awaiting
their first release as of September. However, this was almost matched by the
1,357 who were back in prison having been released and subsequently recalled.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Researchers from the Prison Reform Trust said the number on
recall had almost tripled in five years and was likely to carry on rising due
to difficulties faced by people after their release.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">The findings, based on interviews with recalled IPP
prisoners, probation officers and Parole Board members, pointed to problems
including:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Licence conditions which prevent working or rebuilding family
ties;<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Lack of support from probation officers;<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Recall for petty reasons when no further offence has been
committed.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Once back in custody, IPP-sentenced prisoners faced
difficulties in securing their re-release including not knowing what was
required of them.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">The report found that many people with IPP sentences suffered
mental ill health due to their difficulty in coping with indefinite incarceration,
yet felt unable to tell authorities about their difficulties because mental ill
health could be cited by probation officers as a risk factor to justify a
decision to recall.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">One IPP-sentenced person is quoted in the report saying: “So
long as I’m under IPP I have no life, no freedom, no future. I fear IPP will
force me to commit suicide. I have lost all trust and hope in this justice
system… Each day I feel more and more fear and dismay and I am starting to
dislike life. . . . I have to suffer in prison in silence. Accept it or
suicide. That’s my only options left.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">The report’s title – No Life, No Freedom, No Future – is
taken from the quote.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">The authors call on the Government to make the abolition of
IPP sentences retrospective, with everyone still on one being resentenced. They
also say IPP licences should be reviewed, and removed if they no longer needed,
five years after a person is first released, rather than 10 years as under the
present rules.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">In a foreword to the report, Lord Brown of Eaton-Under-Heywood,
a Justice of the Supreme Court from 2009 to 2012, states: “I have no hesitation
in describing the continuing aftermath of the ill-starred IPP sentencing regime
as the greatest single stain on our criminal justice system. As, moreover, this
report demonstrates, it grows ever-wider.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">He says of the IPP prisoners still in custody: “Whether
detained under their original sentences or recalled … they all now (together
with their families) exist in a Kafkaesque world of uncertainty, despair and
hopelessness, indefinitely detained unless and until they are able to satisfy
the inevitably difficult test of persuading the Parole Board that they can
safely be (re)released.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">The Prison and Probation Ombudsman (PPO) has
investigated said 56 self-inflicted deaths of prisoners serving the
same sentence in different prisons IPP sentences. What
does that tell you?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">…………………………………………………………………………<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">Inside times, some cases involving IPP prisoners. </span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">The following case studies highlight examples of these cases.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>Case Study A</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Mr A, who was 35, received an IPP sentence for robbery with a
tariff of two years and nine months. After five years in custody he was
released, but three years later he returned to prison when he breached the
terms of his licence.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">During the three years after his return to prison, he
repeatedly told staff he could not cope with his sentence and sought help from
healthcare for anxiety. He was often challenging to manage.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Three weeks before he died, Mr A was moved to the segregation
unit after he and two other prisoners barricaded themselves in a cell. That
evening, Mr A made cuts to his wrist and staff began ACCT procedures. He was
assessed by the mental health team, GPs and a psychiatrist. He was offered
medication for anxiety and depression but often refused to take it because he
said it made him feel worse.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Mr A said his IPP sentence was “killing him” and that he was
concerned at plans to recategorise him from category C to B, which he feared
would mean a move to a prison further from his family. He repeatedly told staff
that he would kill himself after his next visit from his family.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Mr A’s mother visited him a week later. On the same day, he
was told he was being recategorised to B. At an ACCT review that afternoon,
staff considered that Mr A’s risk of suicide and self-harm had increased but
they did not increase the frequency with which he was checked (which remained
at once an hour). In the early hours of the next morning, an officer found Mr A
hanged in his cell.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>Case Study B</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Mr B entered custody as a teenager on a short minimum tariff.
When he complained to the PPO, he had been in prison for over 10 years. He had
recently been recategorised from C to B and transferred to a new prison. He
believed these decisions were unfairly impeding his progress.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Mr B believed that returning to his previous prison was
important for his release because he had been working well with his therapist
and had access to an onsite therapeutic community, a facility his new prison
lacked.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Mr B wrote to us about the decision to recategorise and
transfer him. Our investigation found that while Mr B had worked hard to reduce
his risk of serious harm, we also found evidence of poor behaviour and control
issues, and did not uphold this part of his complaint. Further, we agreed that
Mr B’s behaviour presented a challenge to the prison and likely had an impact
on other prisoners.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">We were concerned about the case more broadly, however. While
we found that efforts had been made to secure a progressive transfer for Mr B,
he was essentially still in prison due to his poor behaviour. We felt that a
failure of provision (specifically – the inability to locate Mr B with a
therapeutic community and the inability to address his decline in behaviour)
were preventing Mr B from making progress. We called for a review of the case
and that this review should assess Mr B’s sentence plan and provide further
support for progression.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>Case Study C</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Mr C received an IPP sentence with a tariff of three years.
After seven years in custody, the Parole Board recommended a transfer to open
conditions to prepare for release. He was recategorized to D and transferred,
and was looking forward to proving himself and working towards his release.
Later that year, he was approved to begin community work, made eight unescorted
visits in the community and completed offending behaviour programmes.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Two days before Mr C’s death, he was accused of assaulting a
prisoner and was moved to the segregation unit during the investigation. While
there, Mr C was safety screened and assessed, at which point he said he was
fine and made no complaints. The following morning, a duty manager visited Mr C
and recorded that he seemed in good spirits. That afternoon an officer
delivered a letter confirming Mr C was being transferred. It read: ‘It is
alleged you assaulted another offender. You are to be moved to closed
conditions pending police investigation’. That officer delivering the letter
recorded that he took the news well.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Mr C was assessed by staff on arrival in his new prison. They
were told he had not self-harmed, did not have a history of depression or
thoughts of suicide, and concluded that he was not at risk of suicide. At
reception, however, he called his father and said: ‘All right man, it’s coming
back here and all that going through the same procedure again, feel like proper
locked up again not even getting up’.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">That night Mr C was not placed on special monitoring measures
as he was found to not be at risk. At morning roll check, he was found hanging
with jogging bottoms tied around his neck. Arriving paramedics assessed that he
had been dead for some time.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Our investigation found several issues with the management of
Mr C’s risk of suicide. During the two days he spent in segregation, he was assessed
as not being at risk of suicide. We did not find staff had considered that Mr
C’s new circumstances had increased his risk as an IPP prisoner. We also found
that on arrival at closed conditions, again staff concluded that Mr C was not
at risk of suicide. There was no evidence that staff had considered that Mr C’s
transfer might have added considerable time to his sentence.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">We recommended that prisons should ensure that all the known
risk factors for newly arriving prisoners are fully considered and documented
when determining an individual’s risk of suicide and self-harm.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">As at September 2019, 2,059 prisoners continue to serve an
IPP sentence in custody. We are aware of initiatives in HMPPS to identify, and
prioritise, those cases where people are over tariff and not progressing
towards release. These include progression units in some prisons and a review
of all cases. We will continue to record, and share, the learning from our
investigations as it relates to the IPP sentence and its impact on those
serving it.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><b><span style="font-size: x-large;">Seeking a reprieve possible?</span></b><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"></span>Would it be possible to get a reprieve from Queen’s to
temporarily prevent the IPP setence from continuing for good. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">To have a reprieve would give IPP Prisoners relief from
further Mental Harm (especially after being relieved of continued distress)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Has been proved that the Administration of the IPP prisoners
sentence caused inmates suicide. The IPP Sentence no
longer exists though people still serve the sentence and continue to
go round in circles. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">IPP sentence has a shocking Death toll. These MOJ numbers are
said to be inaccurate. The total deaths are 215, with 72 of those by
suicide. </span></p>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
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</p><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Moj figures of IPP Prisoners Deaths <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal">2005:0 2006:2
200:7<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">2008:9 2009:7
210:12<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">2011:14 2012:10 2013:12<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">2014:19 2015:16 2016:11<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">2017:26 2018:22 2019: 1?<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">Total Deaths 167<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">FOI IPP suicides from the MoJ<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">205:0 2006:2
2007:4<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">2008:4 2009:3
2010:3 <o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">Total Deaths:<o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">56 Total 287</p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal"> </p><p class="MsoNormal"> Mental hospitals: data not known. </p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><b>A prisoner with severe mental illness has won an appeal
against an indefinite jail sentence after a court heard new psychiatric
evidence.</b></span></p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span face="Open Sans, sans-serif" style="color: #626262;"><span style="font-size: 18px;">Keith Nelson was raped as a child age 12 and abused in children's' homes.</span></span><span face=""Open Sans", sans-serif" style="color: #141414; font-size: 16px;">The court heard he tried to kill himself a year later, and spent many years sleeping rough and living in cars.</span><span face=""Open Sans", sans-serif" style="color: #141414; font-size: 16px;">Nelson's mum died in a house fire when he was 15.</span></p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">However nine years later Nelson remains in Langdon Medium Secure Hospital.</p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">His
legal team took his case to the Court of Appeal where they argued far
more is known about his mental health than at the time of sentence.</p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b><br /></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9q-RIAlS6dM/X_MLe1yjwpI/AAAAAAAAoLQ/vodXV69EqYsQ7EYdRHkkwIozf8g2NPtdACLcBGAsYHQ/s859/0_Becky-Watts-murder-court-case.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="859" data-original-width="615" height="320" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9q-RIAlS6dM/X_MLe1yjwpI/AAAAAAAAoLQ/vodXV69EqYsQ7EYdRHkkwIozf8g2NPtdACLcBGAsYHQ/s320/0_Becky-Watts-murder-court-case.jpg" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /><span style="color: #2c2c2c; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.07px; text-indent: 20px;"> High Court judge Lord Justice Dingemans</span></div><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><b><br /></b></p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><b>The
court heard from Dr David Somekh, a consultant forensic psychiatrist,
who said in his opinion Nelson's offending and risk to the public was
"entirely attributable" to his mental health disorder.</b></p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">Dr
Somekh, alongside fellow psychiatrists Dr Jonathan Garabette and Dr
Mary Linton, agreed that Nelson was best dealt with in the hospital
system where he had been a model patient and was responding well to
treatment.</p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">However
IPP sentences are no longer used by judges over fears that prisoners
were left languishing behind bars for years, and sometimes decades,
after the minimum recommended term set in court due to poor
administration. </p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">Lord
Dingeman's agreed with the evidence of the experts, concluding in his
judgment: "The first concern is that once the appellant gets to a
position to be considered for release from hospital he will be sent to
prison.</p><div class="converse-re-wrapper" style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><iframe class="converse-re cre-bottom" frameborder="0" height="0" scrolling="no" src="https://get-latest.convrse.media/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.liverpoolecho.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fliverpool-news%2Fprisoner-who-suffered-lifetime-abuse-19409690&cre=bottom&cip=33&view=web" style="background: transparent; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; float: left; margin: 0px; min-width: 100%; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1px;" width="100%"></iframe></div><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">"Such
an environment is likely to lead to a relapse of his delusional
disorder because he will not take his anti-psychotic medicine, meaning
that he will be returned to hospital, before being getting better and
being returned again to prison.</p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">"This means that he will "yo-yo" between hospital and prison for the foreseeable for 99 years.</p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">"The
second concern is that when finally released from prison the appellant
will not be supervised by a team of mental health experts reporting to
the hospital and Secretary of State for Justice but instead by a
probation officer!!!</p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span face="Open Sans, sans-serif" style="color: #141414;"><b>Cruel</b></span></span><b style="color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"> and </b><span face="Open Sans, sans-serif" style="color: #141414;"><b>unseal</b></span><b style="color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif;"> </b><b style="color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif;"> </b><span face="Open Sans, sans-serif" style="color: #141414;"><b>punishment,</b></span><b style="color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif;"> life in the </b><span face="Open Sans, sans-serif" style="color: #141414;"><b>system</b></span><b style="color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif;"> playing </b><b style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;">Russian roulette with a IPP prisoner life.</b></p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">"A
probation officer will not be trained to spot the subtle signs of
mental health deterioration, and if they are identified the probation
officer will not have the powers to intervene to arrest any such
deterioration.</p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">"This is a matter of particular importance because it is now apparent that the </p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><i>appellant will always suffer from some form of mental disorder</i>,
but with treatment and effective management and supervision he should
progress to live as risk free as is reasonably achievable in society."</p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">The
hybrid order was quashed and a new Hospital Order was imposed, meaning
that when medical experts deem it safe Nelson can be released under
supervision.</p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: #141414; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Nick
Hardwick's Tweet 08 01 2021</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Epidemic
spreading in prisons. Now in total lockdown. Staff shortages reducing regime
further. Not sustainable for a protracted period. Can only be managed if
population low enough to allow some regime. Urgent need now for EFFECTIVE early
release scheme for low</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> MARK
LEECH FRSA - PrisonOracle.com's Tweet</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">On 1st
January remember how senior @HMPPS staff named as liars and forgers in a
devastating 2019 court judgment have kept their jobs, been promoted and
bestowed with 'Honours' by an #HonoursList unfit for purpose.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> Dean
kingham's Tweet</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">This week I
spoke at Westminster Legal Policy Forum about reforming the Probation Service.
I gave some examples of how poor some Probation Officers can be at Parole, but
this takes some beating. Absolutely appalling!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Nov 24
to Dec15 </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">*Does
anyone know anyone that has been successful after applying for this 10year or
even the 4 year parole suspended! Because I haven’t. My son is an iPP. On his
second recall since release in 2016! He know hundreds of ipp and don’t know
anyone with success of these?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">* It makes
me so angry that instead of facing this and changing things they instead choose
to leave people to have a life filled with uncertainty and pain. I honestly do
not know how these people sleep at night.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">*This
solicitor has been supposedly representing my partner since August. We’ve had
to change solicitors as haven’t been able to get hold of her since 5th
December. He received his paper work today and she has done NOTHING! So now my
partner is still in prison on recall (12 week custodial sentence) . Could have
been out months ago! She hasn’t forwarded any letters we have written to the
parole board, she hasn’t put in the appeal that she was meant to do can’t
believe someone would do this. My kids are without their Dad for longer than
should be and now probably for another few months as he has NO representations </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">* I pray
that my brother is released soon too its been 13 years for a 4 and a half
year tariff <br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">*One of the
main recommendations following the publication of the report on the effect of
the IPP sentence on families was the need for greater communication between
prisons and families.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Given that
fact, I would be really interested to find out how many prisons are going in
the opposite direction.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">In
particular, i would be very grateful if you could let me know which prisons
prevent you from speaking directly to the chaplaincy unless there is a serious
illness or a death in the family. I'm doing some research and may take this
further.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">Thanks for
your help!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">*I find most
category B prisons are really hard to communicate with,and aren’t very helpful.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;">*I just got
released from 12 and half years on a 2 and half year IPP I got when I was 19. I
should of been out when I was 21 but I’m 32 next month. I want say a big thanks
to Dean Kingham and Yasmin Karabasic atbSwain and Co who know the IPP inside
and out and you wouldn’t want any others representing you. you can’t beat the
man who never gives up, never give up and keep going. Again, thanks to all who
got me through!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p></p><p><br /></p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #121212; font-family: "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px;"> <a href="https://insidetime.org/three-officers-convicted-over-assault-on-prisoner/">https://insidetime.org/three-officers-convicted-over-assault-on-prisoner/</a></p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #121212; font-family: "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px;"> <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/oct/04/covid-rules-in-prisons-blocking-rehabilitation-say-uk-campaigners">https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/oct/04/covid-rules-in-prisons-blocking-rehabilitation-say-uk-campaigners</a></p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #121212; font-family: "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; padding: 0px;"> </p><p> <a href="https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/lawyer-in-the-news/lawyer-in-the-news-aston-luff-hodge-jones-and-allen/5106773.article" style="font-family: freight-sans-pro, sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem;">Lawyer in the news: Aston Luff, Hodge Jones & Allen | Profile | Law Gazette</a></p><p style="background-color: white; border: medium none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: freight-sans-pro, sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.602rem; margin: 0px 0px 25.6px; padding: 0px; text-size-adjust: 100%;"><a href="https://insidetime.org/ipp-prisoners-face-cycle-of-release-and-recall/">IPP prisoners face cycle of release and recall – insidetime & insideinformation</a></p><p style="background-color: white; border: medium none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: freight-sans-pro, sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.602rem; margin: 0px 0px 25.6px; padding: 0px; text-size-adjust: 100%;"><a href="https://www.ppo.gov.uk/blog/investigating-the-deaths-of-ipp-prisoners/">Investigating cases involving IPP prisoners | Prisons & Probation Ombudsman (ppo.gov.uk)</a></p><p style="background-color: white; border: medium none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: freight-sans-pro, sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.602rem; margin: 0px 0px 25.6px; padding: 0px; text-size-adjust: 100%;"></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/blog/post/edit/8293011889770348192/4775437554398720173">IPP
Prisoners Familys Campaign: Those given IPP setence, the shocking Death toll is
a National Scandal. (ippfanilycampaign.blogspot.com)</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p>https://www.theguardian.com/law/2020/nov/30/uk-government-pays-out-to-family-of-ipp-prisoner-who-killed-himself-tommy-nicol?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other&fbclid=IwAR0RbzvBD9OX08fTyFRrEd7dZd5iUhE94EMxz45u4Eae_0tJu55j6d2FuDQ</p><p></p><p></p><p></p>katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-1675937081872801182020-12-18T07:15:00.006+00:002020-12-18T07:16:23.216+00:00A never ending sentence Britain’s approach to incarceration of those on the IPP sentence is coming under huge scrutiny time after time. How did we get into this mess with little action and a massive death toll .<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">10 Dec 2020 </p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">As a new report by the<span> </span><a data-link-name="in body link" href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/no%20freedom_final_web.pdf" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #cb4700; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Prison Reform Trust<span> </span></a>makes clear, “the IPP problem” hasn’t gone anywhere. Instead, the indefinite licence means that numbers may remain the same or even increase in the immediate future. While the last five years have witnessed a fall in never-released IPP prisoners from 4,431 to 1,895, the numbers of those recalled to prison has skyrocketed by 184%, from 477 to 1,357.</p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">The consequences are often catastrophic. At the end of November, it was reported that the Ministry of Justice had paid damages<a data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/law/2020/nov/30/uk-government-pays-out-to-family-of-ipp-prisoner-who-killed-himself-tommy-nicol" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #cb4700; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span> </span>to the family of a man</a><span> </span>who had taken his own life at the Mount prison in Hertfordshire in 2015, having served two years over his four-year minimum tariff for stealing a car and injuring its owner. Tommy Nicol had described himself as living with the “psychological torture of a person who is doing 99 years”, just one of a number of handwritten complaints he’d filed during his sentence. Nicol’s case was not an anomaly: self-harming rates among IPP prisoners<span> </span><a data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.hja.net/press-releases/prisoner-was-driven-to-take-his-own-life-because-of-indeterminate-sentence/" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #cb4700; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">are 70% higher</a><span> </span>than among the general prison population.</p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">As a new report by the<span> </span><a data-link-name="in body link" href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/no%20freedom_final_web.pdf" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #cb4700; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Prison Reform Trust<span> </span></a>makes clear, “the IPP problem” hasn’t gone anywhere. Instead, the indefinite licence means that numbers may remain the same or even increase in the immediate future. While the last five years have witnessed a fall in never-released IPP prisoners from 4,431 to 1,895, the numbers of those recalled to prison has skyrocketed by 184%, from 477 to 1,357.</p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">The consequences are often catastrophic. At the end of November, it was reported that the Ministry of Justice had paid damages<a data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/law/2020/nov/30/uk-government-pays-out-to-family-of-ipp-prisoner-who-killed-himself-tommy-nicol" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #cb4700; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span> </span>to the family of a man</a><span> </span>who had taken his own life at the Mount prison in Hertfordshire in 2015, having served two years over his four-year minimum tariff for stealing a car and injuring its owner. Tommy Nicol had described himself as living with the “psychological torture of a person who is doing 99 years”, just one of a number of handwritten complaints he’d filed during his sentence. Nicol’s case was not an anomaly: self-harming rates among IPP prisoners<span> </span><a data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.hja.net/press-releases/prisoner-was-driven-to-take-his-own-life-because-of-indeterminate-sentence/" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #cb4700; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">are 70% higher</a><span> </span>than among the general prison population.</p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Nicol had tried his best to fight for release, but it wasn’t enough. Like so many others, he had repeatedly been denied access to the rehabilitative courses and mental health treatment that form the crucial evidence for any parole board’s decision. Prison damages people. It is a violent, stressful world. Withholding the support someone has asked for, which is crucial to their chances of even partial freedom, is wilful cruelty. And if it flourished before, then conditions are even less propitious now. During the pandemic, almost all rehabilitation support<span> </span></span><a data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/oct/04/covid-rules-in-prisons-blocking-rehabilitation-say-uk-campaigners" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #cb4700; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">has stopped</a><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">, creating a backlog of parole hearings, with IPP prisoners again pushed to the bottom of the pile.</span></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">That the criminal justice system is in disarray<span> </span></span><a data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.ft.com/content/3510930c-0d2c-11ea-b2d6-9bf4d1957a67" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #cb4700; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">is hardly news</a><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">. Multiple governments have calculated that there is little to be gained by treating prisoners as anything other than politically expendable. But surely no functioning society can tolerate a situation where thousands of people are incarcerated having already paid back their debt to society, multiple times over?<span> </span></span><a data-link-name="in body link" href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/Bromley%20Briefings/Prison%20the%20facts%20Summer%202019.pdf" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #cb4700; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">In 2019</a><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">, the Prison Reform Trust reported that England and Wales have more people currently serving indeterminate sentences than Germany, Russia, Poland the Netherlands, Italy and Scandinavia combined. Despite its supposed abolishment, the continued existence of IPP isn’t just an embarrassment, but a national disgrace.</span></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span>Government and prison</span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> Failings</span></span></i></span></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> in</span></span></i></span><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></b></span></b></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">-Administration </span></b></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">-Duty of care</span></b></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">-Accountability </span></b></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">-Denied access to rehabilitation in mutable ways repeatedly since there sentence <br /></span></b></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span><span>-Heavy death tole of IPP prisoners </span></span></span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span><span>kept out of sight of the media and public<br /></span></span></span></b></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span><span>-Government failed to deal with crises causing mental health of those sentence to a IPP sentence.<br /></span></span></span></b></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">-Repeatedly been denied access to parole and hearings.</span></span></b></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">-Men and woman never given a date of release.This effected the right for there children not knowing when they can see there children or parent again.</span></span></b></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">-Those with autism and neurological disability's denied access to reasonable adjustments putting them at risk. </span></span></b><a href="https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/pentonville-prison-inspector-wheelchair-report-b220598.html">Pentonville prison condemned by inspector for failing to let inmates in wheelchairs go outside | Evening Standard</a></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">-prisoners health and complaints dismissed time after time.</span></span></b></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; display: inline; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; text-align: start;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; display: inline; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif;">-Independent investigation not yet carried out? </span></span></b></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; widows: 2;"><b style="font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> IPP prisoners are less a </b><span style="font-size: 17px; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures;"><b>dangerous</b></span><b style="font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; letter-spacing: normal; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> then the rest of the prison population by definition </b></span><span style="text-align: start;"><span style="color: black;"><b style="color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures;">being a snap shot but yet the </b><span style="font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, Guardian Text Egyptian Web, Georgia, serif;"><span style="font-size: 17px; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures;"><b>sentence</b></span></span><b style="color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures;"> was over kill. </b></span></span></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span><b style="text-align: start;">99 years for stealing a phone </b><span style="text-align: start;">Blunkett admitted he got it wrong and a violation of human rights ! </span></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Kiya Smith ,</span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> Stole a phone and received 99 years sentence </span><a href="https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/wales-news/kiya-smith-cardiff-jailed-ipp-18691275">'My son stole a phone aged 17. Soon he'll have spent 10 years in jail for it' - Wales Online</a></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Jason Dunn, Stole a phone and received 99 years sentence <a href="https://www.leicestermercury.co.uk/news/leicester-news/lost-prisoner-still-locked-up-4600002">'Lost' prisoner STILL locked up 15 years after two year jail sentence for stealing mobile phone - Leicestershire Live (leicestermercury.co.uk)</a></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Cruel and harmful <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/law/2019/nov/10/ipp-sentencing-regime-in-england-and-wales-branded-deeply-harmful">IPP sentencing regime in England and Wales called 'deeply harmful' | UK criminal justice | The Guardian</a></p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Crudely thought out and over-zealously implemented, it marked the worst of New Labour’s “tough on crime” machismo. IPP is essentially an indeterminate sentence: those convicted are given a minimum jail tariff (the term that is considered appropriate for their actual wrongdoing) but no maximum. After being released they are placed on indefinite licence (when you serve a sentence in the community), which is subject to being recalled to prison. Applications to terminate this licence can only be made after 10 years.</p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">At first, the justification was that indefinite sentences would keep the most dangerous violent and sexual offenders off the streets for as long as they remained a threat to the public. The reality has proved to be one of the most egregious criminal justice scandals in modern British history.</p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">While the government of the day had expected the prison population to increase<a data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.psa.ac.uk/sites/default/files/438_238.pdf" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #cb4700; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span> </span>by about 900 people<span> </span></a>as a consequence of IPP sentences, at its peak the true figure was many times this number, due to the 8,711 sentences passed between 2005 and 2013. The definition of who exactly constituted the “most dangerous” criminals proved elastic. Many, such as Lloyd, had been condemned to a sentence without a release date (with the prospect of a 99-year probation to follow) for relatively minor crimes, including<span> </span><a data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6525269/My-son-jailed-teenager-stealing-mobile-phone.html" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: solid; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #cb4700; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">petty theft</a>, affray and criminal damage worth less than £20.</p><p class="css-38z03z" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; border: 0px none; box-sizing: inherit; color: #121212; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.0625rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px 0px 16px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fef9f5; color: #121212; display: inline; float: none; font-family: GuardianTextEgyptian, "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"></span></p><h1 class="title" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.5rem; font-style: italic; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 20px; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span face="calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span></h1><h1 class="title" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.5rem; font-style: italic; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 20px; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><span face="calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">DECEMBER 5, 2020</span></h1><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">New research by the Prison Reform Trust reveals the mental anguish faced by the growing number of people serving sentences of Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPPs) recalled to prison for breach of their licensce conditions – a population which has nearly tripled in the past five years.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">One recalled IPP prisoner interviewed for the report despaired of having “no life, no freedom, no future” under the discredited sentence, which was abolished in 2012.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Describing in graphic detail the impact of the IPP and the cycle of release and recall on his own mental health and wellbeing, the prisoner says: “So long as I’m under IPP I have no life, no freedom, no future. I fear IPP will force me to commit suicide. I have lost all trust and hope in this justice system...Each day I feel more and more fear and dismay and I am starting to dislike life...I have to suffer in prison in silence. Accept it or suicide. That’s my only options left.”</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The report, entitled<span> </span><i style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; border: 0px none; font-size: 1rem; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">No life, no freedom, no future</i><span> </span>after this quote, explores the experiences of people recalled whilst serving IPP sentences. Its findings are based on new data provided by HM Prison and Probation Service on recalls and re-releases of people serving IPPs; interviews with 31 recalled IPP prisoners; and interviews and focus groups with a range of criminal justice practitioners including probation, parole and prison lawyers. </p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The report’s analysis of the data demonstrates that the “IPP problem” is not diminishing over time. The indefinite nature of the IPP licence means that it is quite possible that the number of people on IPP sentences in prison remains the same or even increases for the foreseeable future. Over the past five years (from 30 September 2015 to 30 September 2020) the number of never-released IPP prisoners has fallen by 57 per cent from 4,431 to 1,895. However, in the same period, the number of recalled IPP prisoners has grown by 184 per cent from 477 to 1,357.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Writing in the foreword to the report, Lord Brown of Eaton-Under-Heywood, a Justice of the Supreme Court from 2009–2012, said: “We are in a shocking and shaming position and, unpropitious though the present time might appear to be, it is imperative that this compelling report now be widely read, digested and fully acted upon. Our reputation as a just nation demands that this IPP stain be at last eradicated.”</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The report found that IPP prisoners’ life chances and mental health were both fundamentally damaged by the uniquely unjust sentence they are serving. Arrangements for their support in the community after release did not match the depth of the challenge they faced in rebuilding their lives outside prison. Risk management plans drawn up before release all too often turned out to be unrealistic or inadequately supported after release, leading to recall sometimes within a few weeks of leaving prison, and for some people on multiple occasions. The process of recall also generated strong perceptions of unfairness.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">At its worst, the report found that the system:</p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; list-style: inside none square; margin: 0.25em 0px 0.25em 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><li style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; border: 0px none; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">recalled people to indefinite custody for behaviour that appeared to fall well short of the tests set in official guidance</li><li style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; border: 0px none; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">defined needs (e.g. mental health) as risk factors</li><li style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; border: 0px none; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">ignored the impact of the unfairness of the sentence on wellbeing and behaviour</li><li style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; border: 0px none; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">could not provide the necessary support</li><li style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; border: 0px none; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">provided no purpose to time back in custody or a plan for re-release.</li></ul><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Not all IPP prisoners experienced all of these, but they were common enough to reveal a system in need of radical improvement.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The report warns that there must be fundamental changes to the way in which people serving IPP sentences are supported. Recommendations include a reduction in the length of time before which people are entitled to have their licence reviewed from 10 to five years, with a yearly review after that period. It also recommends changes to the recall test and process so that individuals on IPP licence are not at risk of far more severe punishment than their behaviour would otherwise justify.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">As the injustice faced by people serving IPP continues, and seems set to increase, the report concludes that the abolition of the IPP sentence should be made to apply retrospectively. This would require a process of judge-led reviews of individual IPP cases; a phased programme of releases, with properly resourced preparation, and post release support plans for all those affected. All IPP prisoners should have a fixed date on which their liability to recall ends.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Peter Dawson, director of the Prison Reform Trust, said: “The problem of the IPP sentence is not going away. Ministers will say their priority is public protection, but that should mean making sure that all the effort that has gone into getting IPP prisoners safe to release is matched by a similar effort to help them succeed in the community. Recall to custody is a sign of failure, not success, and only makes the task of motivating someone to try again that much harder. The continued existence of the IPP sentence, and the worsening situation this report discloses, makes every political appeal to our great tradition of justice sound hypocritical. The problem is very far from being solved, and demands the urgent attention of both ministers and parliament.”</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">* Read <i style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; border: 0px none; font-size: 1rem; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">No life, no freedom, no future</i> <a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/no%20freedom_final_web.pdf" style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; border: 0px none; color: #706500; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor none medium; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank" title="report">here</a></p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><br /></p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </p><h1 class="css-1c1994u-StyledHeading e1fj1fc10" id="main-heading" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSerif, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 2.75rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 3rem; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" tabindex="-1">Tommy Nicol: Family wins wrongful death over HMP Mount</h1><h1 class="css-1c1994u-StyledHeading e1fj1fc10" id="main-heading" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSerif, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 2.75rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 3rem; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" tabindex="-1"><span style="font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Nicol's family had begun a landmark claim in the High Court, in which they argued that the lack of a maximum term led directly to his death and therefore the Human Rights Act 1998.</span></h1><h1 class="css-1c1994u-StyledHeading e1fj1fc10" id="main-heading" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSerif, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 2.75rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 3rem; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" tabindex="-1"> </h1><h1 class="title" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.5rem; font-style: italic; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 20px; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Number of recalled IPP prisoners in custody almost triples in five years</h1><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><b class="css-14iz86j-BoldText e5tfeyi0" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The government has agreed to pay compensation to the family of a prisoner who took his own life six years into an indefinite sentence.</b></p><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Tommy Nicol, 37, died at Watford Hospital in September 2015, four days after he was found unresponsive in his cell at HMP The Mount, Hertfordshire.</p></div></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">At the time of his death, Nicol was two years past his minimum prison term.</p></div></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The<span> </span><a class="css-yidnqd-InlineLink e1no5rhv0" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/ministry-of-justice" style="border-bottom-color: currentcolor; border-bottom-style: none; border-color: currentcolor; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: none; border-style: none; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px medium; color: dimgrey; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bolder; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(186, 186, 186); text-underline-offset: 0.25em; vertical-align: baseline;">Ministry of Justice (MoJ)</a><span> </span>said: "Our sympathies remain with the family and friends of Mr Nicol."</p></div></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Nicol was jailed at St Albans Crown Court in 2009 after injuring a mechanic while stealing a car from a garage.</p></div></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">He was jailed for a minimum of four years under the Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentencing scheme, which has since been abolished.</p></div></div><div class="css-18mjolk-ComponentWrapper e1xue1i80" data-component="image-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1.5rem 0px; max-width: 50rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><figure class="css-1759m9z-StyledFigure e34k3c20" style="border: 0px none; display: block; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.125rem; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="css-kwaqyc-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c22" style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="css-var3ia-Placeholder e16icw910" style="border: 0px none; display: block; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 2.0625px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="presentational grey line" class="css-evoj7m-Image ee0ct7c0" height="2" src="https://c.files.bbci.co.uk/17BE/production/_92787060_line2.gif" style="-webkit-box-align: center; -webkit-box-pack: center; align-items: center; border: 0px none; display: flex; font: inherit; height: 2.0625px; inset: 0px; justify-content: center; margin: 0px; object-fit: cover; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; vertical-align: baseline; width: 644px;" width="624" /></span></span></div></figure></div><div class="css-mysbf6-ComponentWrapper-CrossheadComponentWrapper e1xue1i84" data-component="crosshead-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1.5rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 1rem 0px 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><h2 class="css-1jlqpzd-StyledHeading e1fj1fc10" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSerif, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 2rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 500; line-height: 2.25rem; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">What are IPPs?</h2></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="unordered-list-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="css-1pzprxn-BulletListContainer e5tfeyi3" style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 0px 1.5rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><ul role="list" style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; list-style: outside none disc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">IPPs were introduced in 2003 and designed to ensure dangerous offenders remained locked up until they no longer posed a risk</li><li style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">However, they were given to more offenders than originally expected, including those guilty of what critics described as "lower level" crimes</li><li style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">IPPs were abolished in 2012 - but not for existing prisoners</li></ul></div></div></div><div class="css-18mjolk-ComponentWrapper e1xue1i80" data-component="image-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1.5rem 0px; max-width: 50rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><figure class="css-1759m9z-StyledFigure e34k3c20" style="border: 0px none; display: block; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.125rem; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="css-kwaqyc-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c22" style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="css-var3ia-Placeholder e16icw910" style="border: 0px none; display: block; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 2.0625px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="presentational grey line" class="css-evoj7m-Image ee0ct7c0" height="2" src="https://c.files.bbci.co.uk/17BE/production/_92787060_line2.gif" style="-webkit-box-align: center; -webkit-box-pack: center; align-items: center; border: 0px none; display: flex; font: inherit; height: 2.0625px; inset: 0px; justify-content: center; margin: 0px; object-fit: cover; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; vertical-align: baseline; width: 644px;" width="624" /></span></span></div></figure></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Nicol's family had begun a landmark claim in the High Court, in which they argued that the lack of a maximum term led directly to his death and therefore the Human Rights Act 1998.</p></div></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">They said he had described his sentence as the "psychological torture of a person who is doing 99 years."</p></div></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Six years into his sentence, Nicol was told by a parole board that his next review would be in 2017.</p></div></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">His family said that was a catalyst for a sharp deterioration in his mental health and he became suicidal.</p></div></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">"The last five years have been a long and painful journey," Nicol's sister, Donna Mooney, said.</p></div></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">"The settlement of our claim provides our family with some semblance of justice".</p></div></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The amount paid to the family has not been disclosed.</p></div></div><div class="css-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper e1xue1i83" data-component="text-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px; max-width: 36.25rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="css-83cqas-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi2" style="border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">In its statement, the MoJ added: "We have provided specialist suicide and self-harm training for over 25,000 staff [across the country] and have recruited 4,000 new prison officers since 2016, allowing us to provide dedicated support to each prisoner."</p></div></div><div class="css-18mjolk-ComponentWrapper e1xue1i80" data-component="image-block" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px none; color: #3f3f42; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 1.5rem 0px; max-width: 50rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><figure class="css-1759m9z-StyledFigure e34k3c20" style="border: 0px none; display: block; font-family: ReithSans, Helvetica, Arial, freesans, sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.125rem; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="css-kwaqyc-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c22" style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="css-var3ia-Placeholder e16icw910" style="border: 0px none; display: block; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 2.0625px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px none; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /><br /></span></span></div></figure></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; border-collapse: collapse; color: black; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; width: 100%px; word-spacing: 0px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td align="center" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="yiv0095963904templateHeader" style="background-color: #fafafa; border-bottom: 0px none; border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 0px none; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; width: 100%px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td align="center" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0095963904templateContainer" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; width: 640px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv0095963904headerContainer" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 9px 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0095963904mcnTextBlock" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; min-width: 100%; width: 100%px;"><tbody class="yiv0095963904mcnTextBlockOuter" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv0095963904mcnTextBlockInner" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 9px 0px 0px;" valign="top"><table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0095963904mcnTextContentContainer" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; max-width: 100%; min-width: 100%; width: 100%px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv0095963904mcnTextContent" style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 18px 9px; text-align: left;" valign="top"><h1 style="color: #202020; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 32px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 40px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;">IPPs Have “No Life, No Freedom, No Future”</h1></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td align="center" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="yiv0095963904templateBody" style="background-color: #fafafa; border-bottom: 0px none; border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 0px none; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; width: 100%px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td align="center" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0095963904templateContainer" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; width: 640px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv0095963904bodyContainer" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 9px 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0095963904mcnTextBlock" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; min-width: 100%; width: 100%px;"><tbody class="yiv0095963904mcnTextBlockOuter" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv0095963904mcnTextBlockInner" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 9px 0px 0px;" valign="top"><table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv0095963904mcnTextContentContainer" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; max-width: 100%; min-width: 100%; width: 100%px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv0095963904mcnTextContent" style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 18px 9px; text-align: left;" valign="top"><h2 style="color: #202020; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 26px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.75px; line-height: 32.5px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">Losing trust and hope</h2><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><i style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;">I’m delighted to share the information in this post on new research into the experience of people on IPP sentences who have been recalled to prison. The research was conducted by Kimmett Edgar and Mia Harris of the Prison Reform Trust in partnership with myself.</i></p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">New (3 December 2020) <a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=80976098c9&e=16738d0344" rel="nofollow" style="color: #26abe2; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline;" target="_blank">research</a> by the Prison Reform Trust reveals the mental anguish faced by the growing number of people serving sentences of Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPPs) recalled to prison for breach of their licence conditions – a population which has nearly tripled in the past five years. One recalled IPP prisoner interviewed for the report despaired of having “no life, no freedom, no future” under the discredited sentence, which was abolished in 2012.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><b style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"> </b></p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">Describing in graphic detail the impact of the IPP and the cycle of release and recall on his own mental health and wellbeing, the prisoner says:</p><blockquote style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">“So long as I’m under IPP I have no life, no freedom, no future. I fear IPP will force me to commit suicide. I have lost all trust and hope in this justice system… Each day I feel more and more fear and dismay and I am starting to dislike life. . . . I have to suffer in prison in silence. Accept it or suicide. That’s my only options left.”</p></blockquote><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">The report, entitled <a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=54f441feaf&e=16738d0344" rel="nofollow" style="color: #26abe2; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline;" target="_blank">No life, no freedom, no future</a> after this quote, explores the experiences of people recalled whilst serving IPP sentences. Its findings are based on new data provided by HM Prison and Probation Service on recalls and re-releases of people serving IPPs; interviews with 31 recalled IPP prisoners; and interviews and focus groups with a range of criminal justice practitioners including probation, parole and prison lawyers.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">The report’s analysis of the data demonstrates that the “IPP problem” is not diminishing over time. The indefinite nature of the IPP licence means that it is quite possible that the number of people on IPP sentences in prison remains the same or even increases for the foreseeable future. Over the past five years (from 30 September 2015 to 30 September 2020) the number of never-released IPP prisoners has fallen by 57% from 4,431 to 1,895. However, in the same period, the number of recalled IPP prisoners has grown by 184% from 477 to 1,357.</p><a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=a972d3bfbd&e=16738d0344" rel="nofollow" style="color: #26abe2; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline;" target="_blank"><img alt="" height="549" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.russellwebster.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F12%2Fipp-recalls-PRT.jpg&t=1607347273&ymreqid=eb849095-b5c0-da3b-30fb-ad0044010500&sig=w5X0n0qy4SOL_id3nzvNDA--~D" style="border: 0px none; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; height: auto; outline: currentcolor none medium; text-decoration: none;" width="800" /></a><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">The report found that IPP prisoners’ life chances and mental health were both fundamentally damaged by the uniquely unjust sentence they are serving. Arrangements for their support in the community after release did not match the depth of the challenge they faced in rebuilding their lives outside prison. Risk management plans drawn up before release all too often turned out to be unrealistic or inadequately supported after release, leading to recall sometimes within a few weeks of leaving prison, and for some people on multiple occasions. The process of recall also generated strong perceptions of unfairness.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">At its worst, the report found that the system:</p><ul style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 40px;"><li style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">recalled people to indefinite custody for behaviour that appeared to fall well short of the tests set in official guidance;</li><li style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">defined needs (e.g. mental health) as risk factors;</li><li style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">ignored the impact of the unfairness of the sentence on wellbeing and behaviour;</li><li style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">could not provide the necessary support; and</li><li style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">provided no purpose to time back in custody or a plan for re-release.</li></ul><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">Not all IPP prisoners experienced all of these, but they were common enough to reveal a system in need of radical improvement.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">The report warns that there must be fundamental changes to the way in which people serving IPP sentences are supported. Recommendations include a reduction in the length of time before which people are entitled to have their licence reviewed from 10 to five years, with a yearly review after that period. It also recommends changes to the recall test and process so that individuals on IPP licence are not at risk of far more severe punishment than their behaviour would otherwise justify.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">As the injustice faced by people serving IPP continues, and seems set to increase, the report concludes that the abolition of the IPP sentence should be made to apply retrospectively. This would require a process of judge-led reviews of individual IPP cases; a phased programme of releases, with properly resourced preparation, and post release support plans for all those affected. All IPP prisoners should have a fixed date on which their liability to recall ends.</p><h3 style="color: #202020; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 22.5px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">Conclusion</h3><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">This was a profoundly affecting study to work on. I had known for many years how unjust the situation was for people serving an IPP. But, as is often the case, being confronted with individual stories which showed the ongoing traumatic impact of that experience for people on IPPs and their families really conveyed the impossible nature of their situation. The IPP sentence is a perfect example of Catch-22 where any decision can result in the opposite of what you want:</p><blockquote style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Be honest about your fears and problems in prison and risk being considered unsafe to release.<br style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;" /><br style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;" />Ask for help for a mental health problem in the community and you could be assessed as higher risk and be recalled to prison.<br style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;" /><br style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;" />Enter into a new intimate relationship in the knowledge that an upset partner could make false accusations which would result in recall.</blockquote><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">It is hard to imagine how any of us could hold on to our sanity and self-belief in this situation.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> </p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 1em; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> Parlement 4tyh Dec 2020</p><div class="debate-speech" id="g121209.q0" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border-top: 1px solid rgb(228, 226, 220); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; direction: ltr; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 40px 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="full-page__row" style="box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 63.3333em; padding: 0px; position: relative; width: auto;"><div class="full-page__unit" style="box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; float: left; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 15.975px; width: 1065.6px;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<h2 class="debate-speech__speaker" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; direction: ltr; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.4em; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1em; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 70px; position: relative; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/?p=11921" style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4faded; line-height: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="Photo of Lyn Brown" src="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/images/mps/11921.jpeg" style="border: medium none; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; float: left; height: auto; left: 0px; margin-right: 10px; max-width: 50px; position: absolute; vertical-align: middle;" /></a></h2><p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/">Lyn Brown Shadow
Minister (Justice)</a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">To ask the <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/" title="Secretary of State was originally the title given to the two officials who...">Secretary
of State</a> for Justice, with reference to Prison Population Projections
2020 to 2026, <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/">England and Wales</a>,
published on 26 November 2020, Table 1.1, if he will make an assessment of the
implications for his policies of the projected rate of decrease in the
indeterminate sentenced prison population.</p>
<div class="debate-speech__speaker-and-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; float: left; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 620.188px;"><h2 class="debate-speech__speaker" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; direction: ltr; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.4em; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1em; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 70px; position: relative; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><br /></h2></div><ul class="debate-speech__meta debate-speech__links" style="box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; float: right; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1em; line-height: 1.6; list-style-position: outside; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: right; width: 310.087px;"><li class="link-to-speech" style="box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: block; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><a class="twitter debate-speech__meta__link js-twitter-share" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theyworkforyou.com%2Fwrans%2F%3Fid%3D2020-11-26.121209.q0&text=Lyn+Brown+on+Ministry+of+Justice%2C+at+TheyWorkForYou&amp;related=theyworkforyou%2Cmysociety" style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9d9195; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Tweet</a><span> </span><a class="facebook debate-speech__meta__link js-facebook-share" data-text="Lyn Brown on Ministry of Justice, at TheyWorkForYou" data-url="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/wrans/?id=2020-11-26.121209.q0" href="https://www.facebook.com/dialog/share?app_id=734726803296567&display=popup&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theyworkforyou.com%2Fwrans%2F%3Fid%3D2020-11-26.121209.q0&quote=Lyn+Brown+on+Ministry+of+Justice%2C+at+TheyWorkForYou" style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9d9195; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px; margin-left: 0.5em; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none;">Share</a></li><li class="link-to-hansard" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #b5acaf; direction: ltr; display: block; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 0px;"><a class="debate-speech__meta__link" href="https://questions-statements.parliament.uk/written-questions/detail/2020-11-26/121209" style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9d9195; display: block; font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none;">Hansard source</a><span style="box-sizing: border-box; display: block;">(Citation: HC Deb, 4 December 2020, cW)</span></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="debate-speech" id="g121209.r0" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #f3f1eb; border-top: 1px solid rgb(228, 226, 220); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; direction: ltr; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 40px 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="full-page__row" style="box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 63.3333em; padding: 0px; position: relative; width: auto;"><div class="full-page__unit" style="box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; float: left; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 15.975px; width: 1065.6px;"><div class="debate-speech__speaker-and-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; float: left; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; width: 620.188px;"><h2 class="debate-speech__speaker" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; direction: ltr; font-family: "Source Sans Pro", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.4em; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1em; margin: 0px 0px 0.25em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 70px; position: relative; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/?p=25399" style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4faded; line-height: inherit; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="Photo of Lucy Frazer" src="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/images/mps/25399.jpg" style="border: medium none; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; float: left; height: auto; left: 0px; margin-right: 10px; max-width: 50px; position: absolute; vertical-align: middle;" /></a></h2><div class="debate-speech__content" style="box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; font-size: 1em; margin: 0.66em 0px 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 70px;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/">Lucy Frazer The
Minister of State, Ministry of Justice</a></p>
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table.MsoNormalTable
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mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
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mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
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mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
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mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
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mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
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<![endif]--></h1><h1 class="title" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.5rem; font-style: italic; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 20px; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
</h1><p class="MsoNormal">As the projections show, the indeterminate population is
forecast to decline over the next 6 years. This is largely due to a continuing
decline in the number of prisoners continuing to serve the sentence of
Imprisonment for Public Protection (<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/">IPP</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">We are committed to ensuring that all prisoners serving
indeterminate sentences, including those serving IPPs, have every opportunity
to progress towards safe release. <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/">HM
Prison and Probation Service</a> are focused on reducing the risk and
thereby the successful rehabilitation of IPP prisoners via an action plan which
is taken forward jointly with the <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/">Parole
Board</a>. This approach is working, with high numbers of unreleased IPP
prisoners achieving a release decision each year and we expect this to
continue.</p>
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</h1><p class="MsoNormal">As the projections show, the indeterminate population is
forecast to decline over the next 6 years. This is largely due to a continuing
decline in the number of prisoners continuing to serve the sentence of
Imprisonment for Public Protection (<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/">IPP</a>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">We are committed to ensuring that all prisoners serving
indeterminate sentences, including those serving IPPs, have every opportunity
to progress towards safe release. <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/">HM
Prison and Probation Service</a> are focused on reducing the risk and
thereby the successful rehabilitation of IPP prisoners via an action plan which
is taken forward jointly with the <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/">Parole
Board</a>. This approach is working, with high numbers of unreleased IPP
prisoners achieving a release decision each year and we expect this to
continue.</p>
<h1 class="title" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.5rem; font-style: italic; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 20px; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The Observer 6th Dec 2020</h1><h1 class="title" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.5rem; font-style: italic; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 20px; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> Our leader cant preach respect <span face="arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; padding: 0px 6px 0px 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="https://www.google.com/url?rct=j&sa=t&url=https://www.pressreader.com/uk/the-observer/20201206/281943135456416&ct=ga&cd=CAEYAyoTNjQ1NzAyMDU3NTIzMjMyODI4MTIaYTdmNzc3OTg1NzBlMjQzNTpjb206ZW46VVM&usg=AFQjCNHO-Pr3RzjEhW1fcAwO0Zjluzx00A" rel="nofollow" style="color: #427fed; cursor: pointer; display: inline; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><span face="arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif" rel="noopener noreferrer">and treat out vulnerable with contempt and treat the vulnerable with contempt</span></a></span><span face="arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"></span></h1><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 0px 8px;"><div style="color: #252525; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 0px 0px;">A prisons inspectorate report in 2016 showed that almost half of<span> </span><b style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;">IPP prisoners</b><span> </span>had spent more than five years extra in prison. Some had spent more ... How can you have a 13 month sentence and keep you in there for ever?<a href="https://www.pressreader.com/">PressReader.com - Your favorite newspapers and magazines.</a></div></div></div><h1 class="title" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: calibri, "droid sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.5rem; font-style: italic; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 20px; orphans: 2; outline: currentcolor none 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </h1><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; border-collapse: collapse; color: black; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; width: 100%px; word-spacing: 0px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td align="center" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="yiv7454083609templateHeader" style="background-color: #fafafa; border-bottom: 0px none; border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 0px none; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; width: 100%px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td align="center" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv7454083609templateContainer" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; width: 640px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv7454083609headerContainer" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 9px 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv7454083609mcnTextBlock" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; min-width: 100%; width: 100%px;"><tbody class="yiv7454083609mcnTextBlockOuter" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv7454083609mcnTextBlockInner" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 9px 0px 0px;" valign="top"><table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv7454083609mcnTextContentContainer" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; max-width: 100%; min-width: 100%; width: 100%px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv7454083609mcnTextContent" style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 18px 9px; text-align: left;" valign="top"><h1 style="color: #202020; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 32px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 40px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;">New Prison Population Projections: An Admission Of Failure</h1></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td align="center" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="yiv7454083609templateBody" style="background-color: #fafafa; border-bottom: 0px none; border-collapse: collapse; border-top: 0px none; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; width: 100%px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td align="center" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv7454083609templateContainer" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; width: 640px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv7454083609bodyContainer" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 9px 0px;" valign="top"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv7454083609mcnTextBlock" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; min-width: 100%; width: 100%px;"><tbody class="yiv7454083609mcnTextBlockOuter" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv7454083609mcnTextBlockInner" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 9px 0px 0px;" valign="top"><table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv7454083609mcnTextContentContainer" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; max-width: 100%; min-width: 100%; width: 100%px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv7454083609mcnTextContent" style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 18px 9px; text-align: left;" valign="top"><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><i style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;">This is a guest post by Peter Dawson, Director of the Prison Reform Trust.</i></p><h2 style="color: #202020; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 26px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.75px; line-height: 32.5px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">Prison population to jump by 25%</h2><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">The <a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=f7a3eaeb4e&e=16738d0344" rel="nofollow" style="color: #26abe2; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline;" target="_blank">most recent prison population projections</a> attracted
little if any public attention, despite an estimate that close to
100,000 of our fellow citizens could be in prison by 2026. This was
quickly followed by the Chancellor’s statement on spending priorities
which, though limited to a 12 month horizon for many issues, announced
with apparent pride that £4bn had been found to build 18,000 new prison
spaces. That too aroused precious little interest.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">It’s worth pausing over those numbers.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">It’s
well known that we top the European league on incarceration. While
other countries see their prison populations fall, we are planning for a
25% increase over just 6 years. To cope with that, we plan to spend an
average £222,000 on every new prison space – coincidentally not very
different from the average cost of building a new three bedroom house.
We will do that knowing that prison has the worst record for reducing
reoffending of any criminal justice intervention, and that the
government’s own estimate of the current economic cost of reoffending is
£18bn annually.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">One
might imagine that some of that £4bn was earmarked to replace the many
prisons that are regularly condemned by inspectors as unfit for use –
the wrong buildings often in the wrong place, costing a fortune to
maintain and to staff. But 18,000 new spaces will only cover the
projected increase in the prison population. It will not solve the
chronic overcrowding that undermines every aspect of the prison
service’s statement of purpose, from safety and security through to
decency and rehabilitation. When we’ve spent that £4bn, we’ll still be
operating overcrowded 200 year old prisons bursting at the seams, and
many thousands of prisoners will still be sharing cells that are too
small to accommodate them.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">It’s like building a new motorway knowing there will be a traffic jam from the day it opens.</p><a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=6f232c5b9d&e=16738d0344" rel="nofollow" style="color: #26abe2; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline;" target="_blank"><img alt="" height="533" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.russellwebster.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F12%2FHMP-Portland-with-cherry-picker.jpg&t=1607342665&ymreqid=eb849095-b5c0-da3b-30fb-ad000a010500&sig=Ta2GO.AvfbsQk48BLBF16Q--~D" style="border: 0px none; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; height: auto; outline: currentcolor none medium; text-decoration: none;" width="800" /></a><span> </span>© Andy Aitchison<p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">In
the upside down world of Whitehall, this will be seen as a “good
settlement” for the Ministry of Justice. Departments that secure big
capital spending promises look like winners. But it’s actually a
testament to chronic failure. None of this £4bn comes with any promise
or expectation of an impact on crime rates, and we know previous similar
prison building programmes have done nothing to reduce reoffending. For
want of any better justification, the government has even resorted to
the argument that new prisons make sense because they boost local
economies.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">The
size of our prison population is not some inevitable act of fate. It’s
the product of a series of political decisions that start with the way
we support the most vulnerable in our society but finish with the way we
choose to punish people, more often than not when that support has
failed. The number of people in prison reflects the severity of the
punishment we choose to inflict, and in particular the length of time
for which we choose to lock people away. Countries with lower prison
populations are not more dangerous, and countries with higher prison
populations are certainly not safer.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">So
a prison population of 100,000, paid for at the cost of all the new
homes, schools and hospitals that the Chancellor could have funded
instead, is no cause for celebration. In 2017, we published an analysis
by a former Director of Finance for the prison service, that showed that
£3.7bn had been spent on new prisons since 1980. In the same
publication we were reporting record overcrowding, record levels of
violence and self-harm, but more or less identical levels of
re-offending. This Justice Secretary will be long gone by the time this
new building programme completes in 2026, but there is nothing to
suggest that his legacy will be any different.</p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><b>failing in rehabilitation plans there is plans to build a new prison in bucks </b> <br /></p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><a href="https://twitter.com/supportforallUK/status/1335159207776104448?cn=ZmxleGlibGVfcmVjcw%3D%3D&refsrc=email">(20) prisonnews on Twitter: "New prison housing over 1,400 inmates could be built in Bucks https://t.co/clIwVGAmao" / Twitter</a> <br /></p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> </p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> </p><h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: basis-grotesque-pro; font-size: 3rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Indefinite sentences: ‘the greatest single stain on our criminal justice system’</h1><h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: basis-grotesque-pro; font-size: 3rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </h1><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> </p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The
problem of indefinite sentences was not going away despite imprisonment
for public protection (IPP) being scrapped eight years ago with
a former supreme court justice calling the sanction ‘the greatest single
stain on our criminal justice system’. In a foreword to a report for
the Prison Reform trust, Lord Brown of Eaton-Under-Heywood said: ‘We are
in a shocking and shaming position… . Our reputation as a just nation
demands that this IPP stain be at last eradicated.’</p><p align="justify" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">It
was recently reported that the family of Tommy Nicol, a prisoner who
died while serving an indefinite sentence, has received damages from the
government in an out-of-court settlement. Sentences given under the IPP
regime saw offenders handed a minimum term but no maximum term. They
had no expected date of release and many served well beyond their
expected sentence.</p><p align="justify" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Nicol
was two years past his four-year minimum tariff when he died in
hospital after attempting suicide in custody at the Mount prison, Hemel
Hempstead. His family brought claim against the Ministry of Justice,
arguing that the IPP sentence had constituted a breach of Nicol’s right
to life under the Human Rights Act 1998. The settlement of the claim by
the Ministry of Justice suggests some recognition of the claim’s merit
by the government.</p><p align="justify" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Official
estimates were that only 900 IPP sentences would be ordered when its
was introduced by Labour Home Secretary David Blunkett in 2003. In fact,
more than 6,000 people were given IPP sentences. Eight years after the
scrapping of the regime under then-Justice Secretary Ken Clarke, nearly
1,900 prisoners remain in custody under IPP sentences. Many of these are
now well beyond their original minimum term. Speaking on Radio 4’s<span> </span><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m000q0yd" style="box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ee2c38; outline: currentcolor none medium; text-decoration: none;">Today programme</a><span> </span>yesterday,
one former IPP prisoner identified as Gemma (not her real name)
revealed how, despite being given a minimum term of only two years after
committing robbery, she served 13 years in prison.</p><p align="justify" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The delay in release of many IPP prisoners is caused by lack of availability of rehabilitative programmes in prisons. The<span> </span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/law/2020/nov/30/uk-government-pays-out-to-family-of-ipp-prisoner-who-killed-himself-tommy-nicol" style="box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ee2c38; outline: currentcolor none medium; text-decoration: none;">Guardian reported</a><span> </span>that,
in Nicol’s case, evidence was to be put to the high court from
consultant forensic psychiatrist Dr Dinesh Maganty stating that Nicol
and many other IPP prisoners were ‘caught in a vicious cycle were, in
order to be released, they had to complete programmes that were not
available in sufficient numbers’.</p><p align="justify" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Martin
Jones, CEO of the Parole Board, told the Today Programme that people
‘need hope at the end of the tunnel’. He suggested that the Parole Board
needs greater powers to ensure that prisoners are referred to
appropriate rehabilitative programmes and suitable interventions are
made to help them progress through their sentences.</p><p align="justify" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">IPP
sentences technically last for 99 years. This means that, even after
their eventual release, IPP prisoners are effectively monitored for life
and can be recalled for breaching the terms of their license, even if
they do not present any risk to the public. Initially released after
eight years, Gemma was recalled and served a further five years after
she was found to have smoked the synthetic cannabis, spice. She
commented: ‘Obviously, I shouldn’t have smoked spice, but I don’t think
that warrants me serving another four and a half years in prison. I
wasn’t being violent, I wasn’t out offending, the only thing that I
probably was, was a bit of a danger to myself.’</p><p align="justify" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">There
is a power to allow prisoners serving IPP sentences to seek the end of
their license period after 10 years. The Parole Board are reportedly
trying to promote awareness of this so that those who are eligible can
apply.</p><p align="justify" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Tommy
Nicol is sadly not the only recent case of suicide among the IPP prison
population. Charlotte Nokes, David Dunnings, Shane Stroughton, Kelvin
Speakman, and Steven Strudghill all died while serving IPP sentences
beyond their minimum term. The inquests into many of these deaths heard
evidence of the extreme hopelessness felt by those serving indefinite
sentences; to her family, Charlotte Nokes reportedly described being an
IPP prisoner as a death sentence.</p><p align="justify" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The Prison Reform Trust<span> </span><a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/no%20freedom_final_web.pdf" style="box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ee2c38; outline: currentcolor none medium; text-decoration: none;">report</a> documents the
trauma faced by the growing number of IPP prisoners who have been
recalled to prison even after their eventual release. The report written
by Dr Kimmett Edgar, Dr Mia Harris and Russell Webster contains new
data analysis showing that the number of IPP prisoners is not simply
diminishing over time. In fact, although the number of never-released
IPP prisoners is falling (by 57% over the past five years), the number
of IPP prisoners recalled in the same period has jumped by 184%.
Shockingly, 54% of those recalled had committed no further offence.</p><p align="justify" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">One
prisoner interviewed by the PRT for their report gave a bleak picture
of the impact of the sentence: ‘So long as I’m under IPP I have no life,
no freedom, no future. I fear IPP will force me to commit suicide. I
have lost all trust and hope in this justice system…Each day I feel more
and more fear and dismay and I am starting to dislike life…I have to
suffer in prison in silence. Accept it or suicide. That’s my only
options left.’</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The
PRT is calling for serious reforms to the operation of IPP sentences to
address some of the issues faced by both those in custody and those
released on license. As well as reducing the length of time before which
people are entitled to have their license reviewed from 10 to give
years, they recommend that the abolition of IPP sentences should be made
to apply retrospectively. This would necessitate a process of judge-led
reviews of individual IPP cases; a phased programme of releases, with
properly resourced preparation, and post-release support. They further
call for all IPP prisoners to have a fixed date on which their liability
to be recalled ends.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Government should make sure that all the effort that
has gone into getting IPP prisoners safe to release is matched by a
similar effort to help them succeed in the community. Recall to custody
is a sign of failure, not success, and only makes the task of motivating
someone to try again that much harder. The continued existence of the
IPP sentence, and the worsening situation this report discloses, makes
every political appeal to our great tradition of justice sound
hypocritical. The problem is very far from being solved, and demands the
urgent attention of both ministers and parliament.’</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; font-family: "PT Serif", serif; font-size: 19.2px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </p><div class="sc-clsHhM eSXakm" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #1e1e1c; font-family: "Standard Text", serif; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><p style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 30px; margin: 22px 0px; max-width: 100%;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>“Inadequate treatment and conditions for prisoners with disabilities”</b></span> as he hit out over standards inside the nearly 200 year old jail.Mr Taylor also warned that some disabled prisoners were “unable to shower regularly because the shower facilities were not accessible” and that 70 per cent reported feeling “victimised” by staff.</p></div><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/pentonville-prison-inspector-wheelchair-report-b220598.html">Pen</a><a href="https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/pentonville-prison-inspector-wheelchair-report-b220598.html">Pentonville prison condemned by inspector for failing to let inmates in wheelchairs go outside | Evening Standard</a><a href="https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/pentonville-prison-inspector-wheelchair-report-b220598.html">tonville prison condemned by inspector for failing to let inmates in wheelchairs go outside | Evening Standard</a> </p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> </p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> </p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> <br /></p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-beds-bucks-herts-55148182">Tommy Nicol: Family wins compensation over HMP The Mount prisoner death - BBC News</a> </p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><a href="https://www.thejusticegap.com/indefinite-sentences-the-greatest-single-stain-on-our-criminal-justice-system/">Indefinite sentences: ‘the greatest single stain on our criminal justice system’ – The Justice Gap</a><span face="arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><span face="arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">solutions@russellwebster.com</span></p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><span face="arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span><a href="http://www.ekklesia.co.uk/node/30206">Ekklesia | Number of recalled IPP prisoners in custody almost triples in five years</a></p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> <a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/wrans/?id=2020-11-26.121209.h">Prison Accommodation: 4 Dec 2020: Hansard Written Answers - TheyWorkForYou</a></p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> * Prison Reform Trust <a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/" style="background: none 0% 0% repeat scroll transparent; border: 0px none; color: #706500; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: currentcolor none medium; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank" title="prt">http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/</a></p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/dec/09/prisoners-england-endless-sentences">Why are so many prisoners in England still serving these cruel, endless sentences? | Prisons and probation | The Guardian</a></p><p style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"> <span face="arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">solutions@russellwebster.com</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table><table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yiv7454083609mcnTextContentContainer" style="border-collapse: collapse; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; max-width: 100%; min-width: 100%; width: 100%px;"><tbody style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><tr style="font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;"><td class="yiv7454083609mcnTextContent" style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 18px 9px; text-align: left;" valign="top"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-71399649713390803712020-10-12T13:34:00.002+01:002020-10-12T15:17:53.922+01:00How Does An IPP Sentence End?
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">10 year licence</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">For the last eighteen
months Kimmett Edgar and Mia Harris of the Prison Reform Trust and myself have
been working on a study into the lived experience of people on IPP sentences
who have been recalled to prison. The study will be published before the end of
the year and provides (I think) a heart-wrenching insight into what feels like
the never-ending experience of being subject to an IPP sentence.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Imprisonment for Public
Protection</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">The IPP was introduced
through the Criminal Justice Act 2003 and was intended to apply to dangerous
people convicted of violent and sexual offences who did not merit a life
sentence. People would serve a minimum term in prison (their tariff), during
which time they would undertake work to reduce the risk they posed. Once their
tariff expired, the Parole Board would review their case. They would only be
released when their risk was considered manageable in the community. Once
released, people remain subject to an indefinite licence, which they can apply
to have cancelled 10 years after their initial release. The IPP sentence ended
up being passed 8,711 times including on thousands of people who committed much
less serious offences than originally intended and was abolished as being
fundamentally unjust in 2012. However, the abolition had no retrospective
powers – that is those people already on an IPP had to comply with the original
legislation.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Many readers will be aware
that most people serving IPPs serve many years beyond their tariff in prison
(often because they are not able to access the offending behaviour programmes
which could demonstrate a reduction in risk). Many will also be aware that a
large number of people on IPPs who are eventually released are recalled to
prison. Indeed, in the first quarter of this year, there were more prison
recalls than releases (both first releases and subsequent re-releases) of
people serving on IPPs. What it feels like to be constantly “treading on
eggshells” throughout your life for fear of being recalled to prison is the
subject of our study.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">The subject of today’s
blog post is the end of the IPP experience, how an IPP licence can be
terminated and is prompted by the Parole Board’s publication on Wednesday (7
October) of its <a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=bacf590eb6&e=16738d0344" target="_blank">formal guidance to its members on how to terminate an IPP
licence.</a> Many of us are heartened by the Parole Board’s commitment to
transparency and continuing drive to put the detail of its practices and
procedures in the public domain.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Confusion</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">In addition to
interviewing 30 individuals who had been recalled to prison on IPP licences, we
also interviewed prison, probation and parole board staff. One of the areas
which caused confusion was how an IPP licence came to an end. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">People serving IPPs for
non-sexual offences may apply to have their probation supervision suspended
after four years from their initial release. All people serving IPPs can apply
to have their licence removed after a period of ten years after their original
release. The probation officers we interviewed had different understandings of
the length of time that people had to wait before they could apply for their
licence to be removed – some believed it to be four years. Furthermore, some
probation officers incorrectly assumed that if somebody was recalled to prison,
the ten-year period before which they could apply to remove their licence would
start again on their re-release. The Parole Board told us that they were
not aware of any individual applying to have their licence terminated.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">We know that many people
on IPPs who are released from prison are never recalled so why have none of
these (admittedly a reasonably small number since just 94 people had been
released from an IPP sentence by the end of 2009) done so? The most likely
reason is that people subject to IPPs are keen to put their past behind them
and there is obviously a very long period between the likely end of supervision
requirements four years post-release and the expiry of the ten year period.
Individuals are not contacted to be told they can apply to have their licence
terminated and many are both getting on with their lives and, understandably,
reluctant to have any contact with a criminal justice system which has made
them subject to a prison sentence which was subsequently abolished for being
unjust.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">The consequences of this
situation is that anyone who has been on an IPP who is arrested for any
offence, however trivial, might still be considered to be in breach of their
licence and vulnerable to being recalled to prison at any time for the rest of
their lives unless the licence has been officially terminated.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-U2BvpDcfSUQ/X4RNAH-mBLI/AAAAAAAAmyc/4VQYlVlt0-gYj-1hLRGoQXcEemGFk6DNQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1067/mail.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="1067" height="265" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-U2BvpDcfSUQ/X4RNAH-mBLI/AAAAAAAAmyc/4VQYlVlt0-gYj-1hLRGoQXcEemGFk6DNQCLcBGAsYHQ/w531-h265/mail.jpg" width="531" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Official guidance</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">The Parole Board guidance
makes it clear what should happen:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">An offender sentenced to
Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) has the right, under section 31A of
the Crime (Sentences) Act 1997 to apply for consideration to be given to
terminating their IPP licence 10 years after their initial release, regardless
of whether they have subsequently been recalled and re-released. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Any applications for
termination of an IPP licence should be made by the licensee themselves, either
to the Parole Board directly or via the National Probation Service (NPS)/ PPCS.
However, where an application is received directly from the licensee to the
Parole Board, the NPS will still need to be notified, via PPCS, so that the
correct information pack can be prepared.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">It is only the Parole
Board that can terminate an IPP licence.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Once an IPP licence has
been terminated, the licensee will not be subject to recall, and unlike the
suspension of supervision, all of the licence conditions are terminated and may
not be re-imposed.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">The Parole Board can make
a decision either “on the papers” or by a panel at a hearing.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">The guidance makes it
clear that it is the person themselves who must make the application to
terminate their licence although their probation officer may encourage them to
do so:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">The NPS responsible
officer is not required to make applications on behalf of the licensee and so
requests can be initiated by the licensee as the starting point. However,
responsible officers can, where they feel it appropriate, make contact with the
licensee and suggest making an application.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">A licensee does not
require the support of the responsible officer in order to make an application
directly to the Parole Board. However, the responsible officer is required to
produce a report where an application is made.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">PPCS will make contact
with the appointed responsible officer and ensure all the necessary paperwork,
as set out in the Parole Board proforma (which has been agreed by HMPPS
officials), is provided.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">The publication of this
guidance is helpful. But the fact remains that it is a very common experience
for people on IPPs to serve sentences in excess of 20 years in prison and in
the community when the average (mean) length of tariff for all IPP sentences
was just three years.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 107%;">Russell Webster</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 107%;">98 Kenilworth Gardens</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 107%;">Hornchurch, Essex RM12 4SG</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 107%;">United Kingdom</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 107%;"> ............................................................................</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">IPP Petition : https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-the-remaining-ipp-prisoners</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span face=""Helvetica",sans-serif" style="font-size: 8pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></p>
katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-3700445006572084902020-10-05T14:26:00.007+01:002020-10-06T16:57:28.888+01:00The Claimant is a prisoner subject to a determinate sentence . Stuart Withers succeeds in quashing a decision of the Parole Board<p class="date">
<b>Tue, 04 Aug 2020</b>
</p><p>In <u>R(Grinham) v the Parole Board of England & Wales and the Secretary of State for Justice </u>[2020]
EWHC 2140 (Admin) the High Court quashed a decision of the Parole Board
where it found that a prisoner’s oral hearing and a subsequent
decision, refusing his release, had been marred by procedural
unfairness.</p><p>The decision is important as it cites a number of key authorities in
relation to procedural unfairness and how they apply to proceedings
before the Parole Board.</p><p><u>Facts:</u></p><p>The Claimant is a prisoner subject to a determinate sentence. He was
recalled to custody and his case was referred to the Parole Board who
granted an oral hearing to consider his re-release. Shortly after this
the Claimant was diagnosed with cancer. An application to expedite his
oral hearing was granted and his oral hearing was listed for February
2020.</p><p>The judgment identifies a number of failings in relation to (i) the
preparation of the hearing by the Parole Board (ii) the conduct of the
hearing by the Panel Chair and (iii) the service of late reports after
the hearing and (iv) the decision.</p><p>There were a number of failings to comply with the service of reports
before the hearing, which meant that the Claimant’s solicitor was
unable to take proper instructions until the morning of the hearing.</p><p>Upon arriving to the hearing, the Claimant’s solicitor was informed
by the Panel Chair that she only had limited time to hear the case. This
again compounded the difficulty with being served with a lengthy late
report. Witnesses and the Claimant gave their evidence at some haste at
the hearing, with the Panel Chair reminding the witnesses over their
limited availability. After the hearing a key report was served, which
should have been served well before the hearing took place.</p><p>The issue for the High Court was whether there had been procedural unfairness in the Claimant’s case.</p><p>Mr Justice Spencer held that <i>“</i><i>there were plainly serious
failings in the preparation of the case for the oral hearing which
resulted in real difficulty for the claimant and his solicitor on the
day of the hearing. I am troubled by those failings and their impact on
the fairness of the hearing</i>”.</p><p>In summary he found that the following individual failings led to an unfair hearing:</p><ul>
<li>There was a failure to comply with directions to serve reports before the hearing.</li>
<li>There was insufficient time before the hearing for the Claimant’s solicitor to take instructions on the late served reports.</li>
<li>The Panel Chair had limited time to hear the case and this resulted
in an unreasonable pressure of time which impacted the evidence received
at the hearing.</li>
<li>The limited amount of time available had a prejudicial effect on the Claimant giving evidence.</li>
<li>The Claimant’s solicitor had been unable to challenge witnesses as
extensively as she would have liked due to the time constraints.
Materially this meant that the Claimant’s licence conditions were not
able to be fully explored with the Claimant’s Offender Manager.</li>
<li>The late service of a report after the oral hearing had concluded,
meant that the Claimant’s solicitor did not have the opportunity to
allay the Panel Chair, by way of oral submissions, of any concerns in
relation to it.</li>
</ul><p>After his Lordship identified several failings of procedural
unfairness he concluded that but for the procedural unfairness, it was
entirely possible that the outcome could have been different and the
Claimant’s case was <i>“a classic case of the need for justice not only to be done but to be seen to be done”.</i></p><p>As a result, the Parole Board’s decision was quashed and the High
Court directed that an expedited re-hearing must take place by September
2020.</p><p><u>Commentary</u></p><p>This is an important judgment relating to how the Parole Board should
conduct oral hearings fairly, and the need for the Parole Board to
actively manage cases to ensure that directions are complied with.
Prison law practitioners are all too often faced with lengthy reports
being served on the day of a hearing with inadequate time to consider
them or to take instructions. Procedural fairness therefore requires
that the Board actively make sure that deadlines to serve reports are
met, so that hearings can be effective.</p><p>Key to this case was the Panel Chair’s narrow availability to hear
the case which meant the hearing was unduly rushed. Whilst most panels
are willing to sit later in order to hear a prisoner’s case this was not
done on this occasion. The result was that an expedited oral hearing,
on the grounds of the Claimant’s own ill health, was unduly rushed. This
prejudiced the ability of the Claimant to present his case fully
through his solicitor.</p><p>Additionally, the judgment is critical of the inability to make oral
submissions and to engage frankly with the Panel Chair on topics of
concern to them. If crucial reports are not served until after a
hearing, it is suggested that panels should be mindful of whether
procedural fairness requires a further oral hearing, to allow a prisoner
to present their case and allay the panel of any concerns. It is clear
from this case that written submissions, which are commonly provided
after hearings, will not always be suitable, especially where evidence
has been provided after a hearing that remains untested.</p><p>
</p><p>Stuart Withers was instructed in this case by Alizeh Khan from Dobsons Law.</p><p>Stuart Withers , N05 FIVE BARRISTER CHAMBERS </p><h3>Email <a href="mailto:info@no5.com">info@no5.com</a></h3><p>LONDON, BIRINGHAME, LEICETER AND BRISTOL</p><p><span class="name"></span></p><ul class="navbar-nav">
<li class="phone-container"><div class="menu-phone"><a href="tel:+44 (0)845 210 5555" style="padding-right: 5px;">+44 (0)845 210 5555</a></div></li></ul><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 36pt; line-height: 107%;">A chaotic
cycle of abuse and crime’: The truth behind prescription drugs and prisons<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><br /></div><div><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa">The picture we have of the prison estate’s
drug epidemic is far from complete and, crucially, overlooks the policy
of prescribing and dispensing synthetically-produced opiates for
addicted inmates</h2></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>The prison estate is in crisis. That much
we know. Rampant violence, officer corruption, riots, murder, suicide,
record-high levels of self-harm and assaults. These are the norms of
life for those on the inside.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>At
the heart of this “appalling” system, as described by a justice
committee of MPs late last year, is an explosion in drug abuse. Much has
been made of psychoactive substances such as “spice” and the damage
they are inflicting behind bars. Tales of addicted inmates reduced to
zombie-like states, prone to sudden outbursts of violence, regularly
make the headlines – with authorities helpless to take effective action.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>But
the picture we have of the estate’s drug epidemic is far from complete
and, crucially, overlooks the role of medical prescriptions – provided
by prison doctors and part-funded by the taxpayers’ money – which, like
spice and other “legal highs”, are contributing to what the <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-9363576-/topic/forward-trust" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/forward-trust">Forward Trust</a> has described as a “chaotic cycle of abuse and crime”.</p></div><div id="article-im-prompt"></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>As authorities attempt to tackle rising abuse rates – <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-9363576-https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/prison-drug-problem-jail-uk-illicit-substances-reform-a9288616.html" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/prison-drug-problem-jail-uk-illicit-substances-reform-a9288616.html" target="_blank">the number of inmates addicted to illicit substances has more than doubled in five years</a>
– concerns are now being raised of the prison estate’s policy of
prescribing and dispensing synthetically-produced opiates, such as
methadone and buprenorphine, in a bid to tackle prisoner addiction.</p></div></div><div>Prison officers, former inmates and charity workers within the sector have all told <i>The Independent</i>
that the existing system is flawed, heightening the likelihood of
recidivism and death by overdose while fuelling a dangerous drug economy
inside prisons.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>Under the current policy set by the <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-9363576-/topic/department-of-health-and-social-care" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/department-of-health-and-social-care">Department of Health and Social Care</a>
(DHSC), inmates with drug addictions are typically placed on a
prescription programme of substitute medication and sent to a prison’s
drug wing.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>If a prisoner is
serving a sentence longer than six months, treatment services are
encouraged to reduce their dose gradually and work towards abstinence.
If an inmate has been sentenced for less six months, the guidance is to
keep them on a substitute prescription, and continue it when they return
to the community.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>Such an
approach is underpinned by “sound health rationale” and holds the
potential to “save lives”, but putting policy into practice has proven
virtually impossible within the unstable conditions of the prison
estate, says Mike Trace, chief executive of the Forward Trust and former
deputy drugs tsar to Tony Blair.</p></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>“The strategy is undermined by too many
prisoners not complying with the treatment – selling on the drugs
prescribed to them, and continuing to use a cocktail of drugs from the
black market,” he tells <i>The Independent</i>.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>“Very few prisoners are given the opportunity to break out of the cycle of drugs, crime and re-imprisonment.”</p><p>In reality, only a small proportion of prisoners receiving substitute
drugs follow the desired route of stabilisation, a source with inside
knowledge of the DHSC’s policy said.</p><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>Prisoners serving short-term sentences,
typically between six and 12 months, are most at risk, according to
Steven*, a veteran prison officer at HMP Long Lartin who has served 24
years on the frontline. Rather than easing these inmates towards
abstinence, he says, prisons will typically up their dosages in the
weeks prior to release and, in doing so, “maintain” their drugs habits –
“free of charge”.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>“You’ve got prisoners who come in who are <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-9363576-/topic/heroin" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/heroin">heroin</a> addicts, and rather than try to wean them off this stuff we just maintain their habit until they go out,” he tells <i>The Independent</i>.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>“They
might come in off the streets and they’ll have a heroin addiction. So,
what do they do, they come in and they’ll be put on 150ml of methadone,
they’ll keep them on that. So they’ll go from 150ml, over six months
it’ll be 100ml, then nine months it’ll be 75ml, then they’ll be thinking
‘oh God, he’s due out in three months’ time’ then they start retoxing.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>“They
start upping the levels again to what they were on when they came in,
purely because they don’t want them to go out and OD. So all we’ve done
is maintained his drug habit, free of charge, and then put them back out
to maintain their drug habit, to then come in again.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>“We spend more on that side of things, for Subutex [buprenorphine] and <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-9363576-/topic/morphine" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/morphine">morphine</a>, than any other sort of drug in the prison service. We spend millions on it to maintain prisoners’ habits.”</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>Freedom of information requests carried out by <i>The Independent</i>
have revealed that from a sample of 16 prisons, 13 of these have seen a
rise in prescription rates or spending on drug substitutes over the
past five years.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>HMP Nottingham,
a category B prison with an operational capacity of 1060, witnessed one
of the most marked increases during this period. Between 2014 and 2018,
the number of prisoners prescribed methadone more than doubled, rising
from 429 to 948.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>Elsewhere, at the likes of <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-9363576-/topic/hmp-belmarsh" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/hmp-belmarsh">HMP Belmarsh</a>, <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-9363576-/topic/hmp-birmingham" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/hmp-birmingham">HMP Birmingham</a> and <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-9363576-/topic/hmp-hindley" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/hmp-hindley">HMP Hindley</a>, expenditure on methadone and buprenorphine has more than doubled or tripled in recent years.</p><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>Officials say that opiate substitutes are
also being used as a “currency”, with doctors, nurses, prison officers
and inmates caught in a “constant game of cat and mouse” as the latter
attempt to sell their prescribed drugs to other prisoners. This leads to
the formation of a black market behind bars.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>“When
you’ve got drugs like that, Subutex and methadone, they all trade with
each other,” says Mark Fairhurst, the national chairman of The
Professional Trades Union for Prison, Correctional and Secure
Psychiatric Workers, which has 37,500 members across the UK.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>“So
what I’ll do is put a cotton wool bud in my mouth, take the methadone
which will suck up in the cotton wool, take it out my mouth, ring it out
in a little cup for you and you give me your canteen or whatever. It’s
unbelievable.”</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>Frances Crook, chief executive of the <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-9363576-/topic/howard-league-for-penal-reform" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/howard-league-for-penal-reform">Howard League for Penal Reform</a>,
has warned that the current system is only getting worse. “Inside,
there has been an increase of people dying from drug overdoses and
cocktails of illegal and prescribed drugs,” she says. Outside of prison,
“it appears that the majority of people who die from drug overdoses in
the community have recently been released.”</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>Nonetheless,
the Ministry of Justice is “confident” of turning this crisis around.
It has committed an extra £70m to fighting drugs, increasing security
and improving decency, and believes the right steps are now being taken
to create “a safer environment” inside the country’s prisons.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p><i>The Independent</i>
also understands that new “drug lockers” are set to be trialled in some
prisons to combat the issues that come with the prescription of
medication. Typically, inmates will pick up their daily or weekly doses
from the prison drug hatch, at a regular time known to all. This allows
dealers to identify, coerce or rob these individuals, sparking violence
and further fuelling a prison’s drug economy. </p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>However,
under the new initiative, lockers will be installed with biometric data
that means prisoners can access their medication at any time of the day
or week with one touch of a button. A source with knowledge of the
scheme said the approach could help limit the flow of drugs inside
prisons.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>For now, though,
optimism continues to run low in the estate. For one former prisoner,
who now works in reform and rehabilitation, authorities need to stop
passing the buck and develop an approach that actually helps inmates
combat their addictions.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>The
policy of retoxing a prisoner if they’re not clean before release
carries risks, he says. “They’ll up the dosage again so he can go back
into society as then they’re not an issue of the prison anymore –
they’re now an issue of the probation service.</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>“We’ve not created a solution, you’ve just moved the problem to someone else.”</p></div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>*<i>Names have been changed to protect identity</i></p><h1 class="sc-pYMCY kpTSig">Prison and probation chief Michael Spurr lett in March and is replaced amid epidemic of violence and self-harm in jails</h1></div></div></div></div><blockquote style="border: medium none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">It comes
after inspectors found conditions in prisons across England and Wales to be
the </span><a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/uk-prison-report-conditions-inspectorate-disturbing-jails-21st-century-a8442111.html" style="font-size: 14pt;" target="_blank">“worse they had ever seen”</a><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> as authorities failed to
take action over high levels of violence, self-harm ,drug use and deaths. We
only must look at the huge death toll of the same group of prisoners sentenced
to an IPP. </span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div style="text-align: justify;">i am laughing at the fact that David Gauke said: “I am extremely grateful to Michael Spurr for his leadership of HMPPS? And on discipline in the prison estate? for rehabilitating offenders? “He is an example of the very best of public service and civil service
leadership. I look forward to continuing to work closely with Michael
into the new year.” </div></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Blame each other</b></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p style="text-align: justify;">Labour’s shadow justice secretary Richard Burgon said resolving the
problems in UK jails would require more radical reform, stating: “The
unprecedented crisis in our prisons is a direct result of the
Conservatives’ decision to slash budgets and staffing levels.</p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p style="text-align: justify;">“If the government really wants to put an
end to this crisis then it needs to overhaul its policies. It should
start with a <b>"national emergency plan"</b> and new treasury funds to end
overcrowding and understaffing across the prison estate.” </p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">In a sign of discontent among staff in the sector, prison officers <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-8546436-https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/prison-staff-protest-violence-safety-concerns-court-injunction-government-stewart-justice-department-a8537661.html" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/prison-staff-protest-violence-safety-concerns-court-injunction-government-stewart-justice-department-a8537661.html" target="_blank">launched a protest last week</a> after the government was <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-8546436-https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/hmp-bedford-prison-watchdog-uk-urgent-notification-notice-jail-david-gauke-rory-stewart-a8535686.html" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/hmp-bedford-prison-watchdog-uk-urgent-notification-notice-jail-david-gauke-rory-stewart-a8535686.html" target="_blank">issued an official warning</a> over the deteriorating jails for the fourth time in nine months.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p style="text-align: justify;">But
the action was called off within hours following an agreement between
the Prison Officers’ Association (POA) and prisons minister Rory
Stewart.</p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">The urgent notification issued by the HM
Chief Inspector of Prisons Peter Clarke over Birmingham jail last month –
the first to be issued to a privately-run jail – warned that it had
“slipped into crisis” following a “dramatic deterioration”.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">Subsequent
attempts by the government to improve the state of the jail by removing
hundreds of prisoners and transferring in more officers were
criticised, with <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-8546436-https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/birmingham-prison-urgent-warning-pressure-other-struggling-ministers-a8541616.html" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/birmingham-prison-urgent-warning-pressure-other-struggling-ministers-a8541616.html" target="_blank">campaigners warning</a> that this would “heap more pressure” onto other struggling jails.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">Earlier
this year, Mr Clarke said <b>“repeated patterns of failure”</b> had led to a
point where staff are inured to conditions that have “no place in an
advanced nation in the 21st century”.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">Violence,
drug use , self-harm and deaths all remain issues, with assaults and self-harm
having reached a record high in the past year, his annual report found.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h1 class="sc-pYMCY kpTSig" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></h1></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa" style="text-align: justify;"> Failure' by government is repeated</h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa" style="text-align: justify;"> AN ARTICLE POSTDATE 2 YEARS </h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa" style="text-align: justify;">Prison conditions ‘most disturbing ever seen’ with staff now accustomed to jails not fit for 21st century, watchdog says</h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Conditions
in jails deteriorate to 'totally unacceptable' levels and assaults
and self-harm hit record levels as prisons show 'repeated patterns of
failure', says prison inspector. </span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Prisoners in
England and Wales are enduring the “most disturbing conditions ever seen” as
authorities fail to take action to curb soaring levels of violence and
self-harm in jails, the chief inspector of prisons has warned in a damning new
report.</span></p></div></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">“Repeated
patterns of failure” have led to a point where staff are inured to conditions
that have “no place in an advanced nation in the 21st century”, Peter Clarke
warned.</span></p></div></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Violence,
drug use and self-harm all remain issues, with assaults and self-harm having
reached a record high in the past year, the report states.</span></p></div></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">This is despite Mr Clarke’s call for ministers to address the issues as a “matter of urgency” in his <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-8442111-https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/rise-in-prison-violence-youth-jails-young-offenders-no-longer-safe-watchdog-warns-government-a7846886.html" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/rise-in-prison-violence-youth-jails-young-offenders-no-longer-safe-watchdog-warns-government-a7846886.html" target="_blank">annual report a year ago</a>.</span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Politicians
and campaigners warned that the prison system had reached the point of
“emergency” and said the chief inspector’s warnings of rapid deterioration in
jails must not be allowed to “fall on deaf ears”.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Speaking at
the report’s launch, Mr Clarke said: “I realise that in recent years many
prisons, short of staff and investment, have struggled to maintain even basic
standards of safety and decency. Some prisons, in very difficult circumstances,
have made valiant efforts to improve.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">“Others,
sadly, have failed to tackle the basic problems of violence, drugs and
disgraceful living conditions that have beset so many jails in recent years. I
have seen instances where both staff and prisoners alike seem to have become
inured to conditions that should not be accepted in 21st century Britain.”</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">There was an
“obvious” correlation between the significant increase in violence across the
prison estate over the past five years and the large reductions in staff numbers
and resources that has taken effect, he said.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">The report
found that levels of violence had continued to increase in prisons, with
assaults hitting record highs last year and continuing to become less safe.</span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Self-harm
among inmates also hit the highest levels on record, with the number of
reported incidents rising from 40,161 in 2016 to 44,651 in 2017 – an increase
of 11 per cent.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Mr Clarke
welcomed a gradual decline in self-inflicted deaths, which peaked in 2016, but
said there were still repeated patterns of failure in far too many cases.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">He said he
was particularly concerned at the failure by staff to carry out “basic
operation procedures” such as responding promptly to cell call bells.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">“Whether
this is a cultural or leadership issue, it needs to be looked at carefully,” he
said. “There is a clear link between cell call bells and self-harm, and in the
worst cases suicide.”<o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">The report
also described a “totally unacceptable” situation in which many thousands of
prisoners find themselves forced to share cells designed to hold only one
prisoner.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">These were
used as their “bedroom, dining room and lavatory” despite inadequately
screened, dirty toilets without lids, it stated. </span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">“How is it
that in a prison, which is one place there is no shortage of labour to clean
places up, can become so unhygienic?” Mr Clarke asked. </span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">“The
conditions are so terrible that staff seem to have lost the ability to
recognise them as being good or being bad – it’s just become the norm.”</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Despite the
government’s ambition to improve training and education by getting inmates out
of cells, many prisoners remain locked up in them for up to 22 hours a day.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">One in five
prisoners told inspectors they were out of their cells for less than two hours
a day, while just 16 per cent were unlocked for more than 10 hours.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">The report
also highlighted the ready availability of drugs in too many prisons, with 13
per cent of prisoners acquiring a drug habit while they were detained. Mr
Clarke said this was “shockingly high”.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Too many
prisons still lack a comprehensive strategy to reduce drug supply, with modern
technology to detect and deter drugs – which has been proven to be effective –
being introduced too slowly, the report stated. </span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Responding
to the report, the shadow justice secretary, Richard Burgon, said: “The crisis
in our prisons has now become an emergency – as Labour has long warned it would.
The Tories’ ideological decision to axe thousands of prison officers and slash
prison budgets is to blame for this unprecedented failure.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">“The
government must now take responsibility for some of the worst prison conditions
that Inspectors have ever seen. Instead of tinkering around at the edges, the
government needs to outline an emergency plan and new funds to make our prisons
safe and humane.”</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Andrew
Neilson, director of campaigns at the Howard League for Penal Reform, said no
public service in England and Wales had deteriorated as “rapidly and as
profoundly” in recent years as the prison system.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">“This
excoriating report is yet another reminder of the scale of the chaos in
overcrowded and under-resourced jails that are failing everyone,” he said. “The
chief inspector’s warnings must not be allowed to fall on deaf ears, and what
matters now is how the government responds.”</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">He added:
“The prison population is falling, and ministers have rightly indicated that
they want to see fewer short prison sentences being imposed. Scrapping plans to
build more prisons for women is another step in the right direction. But the
corner will not be turned unless ministers take further action to reduce demand
on the system, protect staff and save lives. Building more prisons for men will
only lead to more prisoners, more problems and more crime.”</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Peter
Dawson, director of the Prison Reform Trust, echoed the comments. </span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">“The
findings of this report put Britain to shame,” he said. “We should not tolerate
a situation in a civilised society where thousands of prisoners are forced to
share cells designed for one, eating their meals next to an unscreened toilet;
where violence and self-harm have risen exponentially; and where a fifth of
prisoners spend less than two hours a day out of their cell.”</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">The report
comes after the justice secretary David Gauke <a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/prison-reform-spending-funding-jails-justice-minister-david-gauke-a8440331.html" target="_blank">announced a £30m “improvement package” aimed at bringing jails
“back up to standards”</a> – which campaigners welcomed but said fell short of
tackling problems facing the prison system.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Deborah
Coles, Director of charity Inquest said it was "deplorable" that in
more than 90 per cent of men’s prisons the inspectorate found issues with
self-harm and suicide management, which she said was reflective of the
continually high death toll.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">"These
dangers are compounded by the systemic failure to act on recommendations made
by coroners, inspections and monitoring bodies to prevent future deaths. If
such complacency and neglect was found in any other setting, the institution
would be shut down," she said.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">"Until
there is a dramatic reduction in the use of prison, a redirection of resources
into community alternatives, as well as a clear and enforceable system of
accountability which protects prisoners, then needless deaths and harms will
continue.”</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">Michael
Spurr, chief executive of Her Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service, conceded
that prisons had had a “challenging twelve months” and said while the
inspectors had recognised “particularly acute problems” in a number of prisons,
he was pleased that they had also recognised progress and good outcomes in
others.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">“Our new
scrutiny and assurance unit is helping to ensure that good practice is shared
among prisons and that recommendations from inspectors are acted upon,” he
added. “Many challenges remain in the coming year but the increased funding for
frontline operations and investment in the estate will help us to better tackle
issues such as drugs and poor living conditions.</span></p></h2></div></div></div></div><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">“We have a
robust and coherent strategy to drive up standards and I’m confident that we
will make significant progress over the next 12 months.</span><b style="font-size: 32px;"> </b></p></h2></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p></h2><h2 class="sc-oUPCf lntzUa"><div class="sc-qPySC cPsBu"><p>
</p></div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">
</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;">
</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="font-size: 32px;">OCTOBER 2020 AND WHAT CHANGED! </b><b style="font-size: 32px;">Belmarsh murder: Man found beaten to death at prison in London</b></p></h2><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 107%;">"The Ministry
of Justice says prison officers are trained to report suspicious behaviour, but
a union called the training “completely inadequate”</span></p><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">Police have launched a <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-9345891-/topic/murder" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/murder">murder</a> investigation after a prisoner was found beaten to death at <a class="body-link" data-vars-event-id="c6" data-vars-item-name="BL-9345891-/topic/hmp-belmarsh" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/hmp-belmarsh">HMP Belmarsh</a>.</p></div><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">The 36-year-old man was found with head injuries at the jail in south London on Tuesday night.</p></div><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">He died in hospital on Wednesday evening and detectives await a postmortem to establish the cause.</p></div><div id="article-im-prompt"></div><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">Two other inmates, both aged 28, were arrested at the scene on suspicion of attempted murder and remanded in custody.</p></div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 24pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></p><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">“We
are working to establish the circumstances surrounding this incident
with the support of [private security firm] SERCO and local officers,”
said Detective Chief Inspector Richard Leonard. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">“At this stage I am open minded concerning motive, but expect this to become clear as the investigation progresses.”</p><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">“An investigation has been launched following the suspicious death of a prisoner inmate at HMP Belmarsh,” the force said.</p></div><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">“Police were called at 20:00hrs on Tuesday, 18 February to reports of an assault within the prison facility.</p></div><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">“Officers and the London Ambulance Service attended the location where a 36-year-old man was found with head injuries.</p></div><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p style="text-align: justify;">“The
injured man was taken to hospital in a critical condition where he
later died on the evening of Wednesday, 19 February. His next of kin are
aware.</p></div><div class="sc-ptBTV eEIUK"><p>“A post-mortem examination will take place in due course.”</p><p> </p><p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
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mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:107%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
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<![endif]--> 1st Choice Cars Ltd. <a href="https://www.1stchoicecarsltd.co.uk/">https://www.1stchoicecarsltd.co.uk/</a>
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<![endif]--></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div>https://www.no5.com/contact/</div><div>https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/belmarsh-prison-attack-man-dead-police-arrest-latest-a9345891.html</div><p>https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/uk-prisons-service-michael-spurr-sacked-birmingham-inmates-care-conditions-guards-justice-department-a8546436.html</p>katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-11293633440084720132020-09-08T15:54:00.004+01:002020-09-08T16:16:24.530+01:001.The impact of lockdown. 2. Did the reform pilot schemes work? State of prisons goes deeper.<p><!--[if !mso]>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
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mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
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</p><h1 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; display: block; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 32px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 40px; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The State Of Our Prisons</h1><h1 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; display: block; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 32px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 40px; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </h1><h2 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; display: block; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 26px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.75px; line-height: 32.5px; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The damaging cumulative impact of lockdown</h2><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Independent Monitoring Boards are an important part of the independent oversight of prisons. IMB members are a regular presence in those closed environments, monitoring the treatment and conditions of prisoners, regularly reporting what they find to those running the prison, and dealing with queries and concerns from individual prisoners. They are unpaid, but have statutory powers to go everywhere, talk to prisoners and see all documents. Their findings and activities are captured in their published annual reports.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Yesterday the IMB published its national report for 2019/20, summarising the individual establishment IMG reports published between July 2019 and March 2020. The main body of the report describes boards’ findings up to the end of 2019, before the lockdown that followed the Covid-19 pandemic. The report does also however address local boards’ findings in the first threee months of lockdown. </p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Though the situation in prisons has changed dramatically since March, the issues that are raised in the main report are just as important and relevant during the recovery period as they were before the pandemic. The lessons from the ‘old normal’, as well as those learnt during the emergency, should help shape the future.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Last year’s national annual report described a prison system in ‘slow and sometimes fragile recovery’, dealing with the aftermath of a crisis resulting from the ‘combined impact of serious staffing shortages and an influx of new psychoactive substances, compounded by inadequate maintenance arrangements’. It also recorded some promising initiatives under the reform programme.<br style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif;" />This report tracks that recovery and the progress of those initiatives.</p><h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; display: block; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 22.5px; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Successes</h3><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">There were some positive developments:</p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px 0px 0px 40px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">A number of prisons had established better arrangements with maintenance contractors, with the backlog of outstanding jobs being reduced, though this was not universal</li><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Prisons not specifically designated as resettlement prisons were able to get more support from the local community rehabilitation company (CRC)</li><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Staff numbers, and therefore regimes, had improved, though there were still concerns about the inexperience and retention of staff</li><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">The Ten Prisons Project had led to an increased focus on ways of preventing drugs getting into prisons</li><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">A number of prisons saw an improvement in healthcare provision, though mental health services continued to be under considerable pressure</li></ul><p> </p><h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; display: block; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 22.5px; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Overall</h3><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Overall, the main report shows evidence of stabilisation and indeed some progress. This was most marked in prisons that came under the spotlight of critical public or ministerial attention, where a combination of increased resources, decreased population and new management led to measurable improvements. Yet it also shows that the prison system as a whole remained very tightly stretched, with many establishments struggling to maintain or embed improvements, even before the regime shutdown during the Covid emergency.<br style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif;" />There are also two major underlying issues that we raised last year, where little if any improvement can be detected. They cannot be tackled by the Prison Service alone: they require cross-departmental and cross-agency cooperation.</p><ol style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px 0px 0px 40px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">There are far too many prisoners with mental health disorders, and the more severe the mental illness, the more extreme the conditions under which they are held; often for lengthy periods in segregation. While there has been an improvement in mental health services in many prisons, it does not match the scale and complexity of need.</li><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Too many prisoners are released without stable accommodation to go to, and they are often the classic ‘revolving door’ prisoners; the new homelessness legislation has not significantly improved the situation.</li></ol><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Inter-departmental cooperation on health, housing and benefits has improved considerably during the Covid emergency; it should be a model for future working, not just a temporary crisis response.</p><h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; display: block; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 22.5px; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">COVID response</h3><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The prison service was praised for having avoided the predicted high mortality and infection rates. Boards also noted the actions taken by the service and its staff to mitigate the impact of severe lockdown, in maintaining indirect contact with families, trying to protect the most vulnerable and providing some in-cell activities. In spite of the very limited impact of the early release scheme, prisons remained relatively calm and safe places.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Nevertheless, boards also noted the damaging cumulative impact of lockdown on prisoners’ mental and physical health and wellbeing and their chances of progression and rehabilitation. There were concerns about the use of sanctions, such as the roll-out of the use of PAVA spray without previously agreed safeguards, and about hidden levels of distress and mental ill-health. There were particular concerns about the impact on children and young people, the withdrawal of rehabilitative work, and evidence of growing frustration and increases in self-harm, particularly in some women’s prisons.</p><h1 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; display: block; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 32px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 40px; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </h1><h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; display: block; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 22.5px; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Concerns</h3><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21px; margin: 10px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">There were also, however, some disappointing findings in relation to the improvements expected last year:</p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px 0px 0px 40px; text-align: left; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Many boards reported that the key worker system, rolled out with high hopes, had deteriorated after its initial introduction; and it has still not been introduced in the women’s estate in spite of the obvious need</li><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Though some boards reported a renewed focus on equality and diversity, there was little evidence that this was driving change or was central to delivery</li><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">There continued to be significant concerns about safety, with rises in both self-harm and violence in many prisons, often driven by drugs and debt</li><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">While prisoners were unlocked for longer, there remained serious concerns about the quality and quantity of purposeful activity in many prisons</li><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Some boards were able to report active moves to reduce the use, and length, of segregation, but overall there remained significant concerns about the number and kind of prisoners who spent prolonged periods in segregation</li><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">There was no demonstrable improvement in the arrangements for transferring or securing prisoners’ property, in spite of promises of change: almost every annual report deplored the consequences for prisoners</li><li style="font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">There remained concerns about the safety and stability of prisons holding young people under 18, and as yet little progress towards the proposed secure schools alternative.</li></ul><h1 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; display: block; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 32px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 40px; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </h1><h1 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #fafafa; color: #202020; display: block; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 32px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 40px; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </h1>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: large;">(19 August 2020), the
prisons inspectorate published a new report aggregating their findings from the short scrutiny
visits (SSVs) to 35 prisons that inspectors have been conducting
during lockdown.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprisons/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2020/08/SSV-aggregate-report-web-2020.pdf</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Peter Clarke, HM Chief Inspector
of Prisons, said that prisons and immigration removal centres responded
decisively to keep prisoners, children and detainees safe from COVID-19.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">However, Mr Clarke warned that
continued severe regime restrictions in prisons – at times amounting
effectively to solitary confinement – have created “a real risk of
psychological decline among prisoners, which needs to be addressed urgently.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Mr Clarke said:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">“The restrictions imposed in
March 2020 undoubtedly helped to prevent the spread of the virus. While many of
these limitations were extreme, there was a high level of acceptance and
cooperation among prisoners, supported by generally good communication about
the reasons for such actions by most prison managers. For some weeks, there was
a sense of prisoners, children and staff ‘being in this together.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">However, as the Inspectorate’s
SSV programme progressed, inspectors identified “increasing levels of stress
and frustration among many prisoners and evidence that prisoner well-being was
being increasingly affected by the continuation of restrictions.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Governors of individual
establishments in the public sector were unable to make local adjustments to
their regimes without permission from HM Prison and Probation (HMPPS) Gold
Command, which delayed relaxation of restrictions which had already served
their purpose in individual locations. This meant that 16 weeks after the
restrictions were imposed, most of them were still in place.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Children in public sector custody
lost face-to-face education and for some exceptionally vulnerable individuals
in women’s prisons, who usually benefitted from a range of specialist support
services provided by external providers, the absence of these services was
extremely damaging.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">“For these prisoners, the long
hours of lock up were compounded by the sudden withdrawal of services on which
they depended, and self-harm among prisoners in prisons holding women has
remained consistently high throughout the lockdown period.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Mr Clarke noted the hard work
over five months by prison staff to provide decent conditions for those in
their care, </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">“and for the most part they have
been successful. Our SSV reports highlighted much notable positive practice.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">However, he added, </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">“in some prisons, at certain
times, conditions fell below an acceptable minimum, particularly in relation to
time out of cell, time in the open air and showers. For example, some
quarantined, isolated or shielded prisoners did not have access to time in the
open air for a week or more and did not have a daily shower.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">If there were to be a resurgence
of the virus, Mr Clarke said, </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">“other means of controlling its
spread that would not carry such a high risk of causing long-term harm to those
in custody, and which would not risk them being held in conditions that meet
widely agreed definitions of solitary confinement, should be explored.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Overall, Mr Clarke concludes that
the centralised bureaucratic culture of HMPPS has hampered more creative and
effective local approaches:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">“In prisons, there is now a real
risk of psychological decline among prisoners, which needs to be addressed
urgently, so that prisoners, children and detainees do not suffer long-term
damage to their mental health and well-being, and prisons can fulfil their
rehabilitative goals. At the time of writing, HMPPS are in the process of
implementing their recovery plan for prisons, which involves individual
establishments applying for permission to move to a new regime stage and then
implementing (when authorised to do so) Exceptional Delivery Models (EDMs).
This is all set out in the National Framework for Prison Regimes and Services.
This document also makes clear that ‘progress will be slow and incremental, and
restrictions may need to be re-imposed in the event of local outbreaks’. In
light of the findings in this report, simply re-imposing the restrictions that were
necessarily applied in the early stages of the outbreak would be too narrow an
approach. We have seen many prison leaders who are convinced that they could
have delivered more purposeful and more humane regimes without compromising
safety, and who are frustrated by the restrictive approach they have been
forced to take. Every establishment is different. Local initiative, innovation
and flexibility which recognises those differences should surely be encouraged,
and not stifled.”</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Thanks to Andy Aitchison for kind
permission to use the header image in this post. You can see Andy’s work <a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=d9b948b739&e=16738d0344" target="_blank">here</a>.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
All prison posts are kindly sponsored by <a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=880186cd37&e=16738d0344" target="_blank">Prison Consultants Limited</a> who offer a
complete service from arrest to release for anyone facing prison and their
family. Prison Consultants have no editorial influence on the contents of this
site.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b> </b></span></p><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-20b9adae elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-excerpt" data-element_type="widget" data-id="20b9adae" data-widget_type="theme-post-excerpt.default"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>
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Official evaluation of reform prisons pilot found positive potential of devolving powers to prison governors. </b></span></div>
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<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix"><p><span class="elementor-drop-cap"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter">B</span></span>etween
July 2016 and December 2017, the Ministry of Justice (MoJ) trialled
greater autonomy for prison governors across six prisons. This was known
as the reform prison pilot and allowed the prisons governors more
control over key aspects of prison management and service delivery.</p><p>This
included local prison budgets and contracts, staff recruitment and
management and local partnerships. Further, each ‘reform’ prison
received a one-off mobilisation budget of £1m and additional staff to
fund and resource the delivery of the pilot. New governance structures
were also created in the prisons. Executive governors and executive
teams formed of senior staff were introduced to lead and deliver reform
in the prisons and wider groups of local establishments, which grew in
number during the pilot.</p><p>Earlier this month, the MoJ published a<a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/899941/reform-prisons-report.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank"> qualitative evaluation</a>
of the pilot (undertaken by Ellie Roberts, Sarah Sharrock, Merili
Pullerits, Matt Barnard and Caroline Turley of NatCen Social Research)
which:</p><ul><li>described the range of perceived impacts of the reform pilot in the six prisons;</li><li>identified
the factors that influenced the degree to which the new governance and
performance management arrangements were achieving intended benefits;
and</li><li>mapped the effect of the reform pilot on the prisons’ partners.</li></ul><h3>Key findings</h3><p>Each
prison used their new powers differently, depending on contextual
factors such as their prison population, category, and the stability of
their regime. Changes were made across four main areas: budgets and
contracts; human resources; the prison regime; and, buildings and
facilities. Key changes included:</p><ul><li>Budgetary flexibilities
enabled the prisons to maximise financial savings by improving access to
funds and reducing the level of bureaucracy involved in procurement.
For example, pilot prisons purchased goods and services more quickly in
line with their needs and priorities when spending limits on government
procurement cards (GPCs) were increased.</li><li>Contractual
flexibilities were used to review services. Reform prisons sought to
renegotiate contracts using existing contractual terms and discuss
underperformance, which led to improvements in specific areas of service
delivery, for example, gardening and maintenance contracts.1 There was
also evidence of prisons commissioning new services, which were often
with smaller, local partners.</li><li>Reform was used to stabilise
prison regimes through the development of targeted, local human resource
(HR) solutions to speed up the process of recruitment and improve
conditions for existing staff. A wider Government drive to increase
staffing across the prison estate was also felt to have improved
feelings of stability within the reform prisons.</li><li>Some prisons
had used the reform pilot to expand or improve regimes to benefit
prisoners. In relation to work and education, this included more varied
education programmes, new workshops and one-off events such as
recruitment fairs.</li><li>The prisons spent a proportion of their
reform budgets on estates projects such as refurbishing wings and
purchasing new furniture to improve the look and feel of their
environments in a timely way. Changes were reported to enhance morale
and improve the atmosphere and mood of the prisons.</li></ul></div>
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<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix"><h3>Barriers to delivery</h3><p>A range of barriers were perceived to have challenged the delivery of reform work across the prisons.</p><ul><li>Contextual
challenges relating to a reduction in staff numbers, and increases in
substance misuse, for example, were perceived to have limited the
capacity of some prisons to effectively use reform powers in a timely
way. It was thought to be important to stabilise operating environments
as a priority before implementing new reform work.</li><li>A range of
communication challenges were perceived to have inhibited delivery and
partnership working across reform projects and between staff and
stakeholders at different levels. For example, some staff participants
were unclear how reform differed from other things happening in the
prisons and some prisoners had not heard about the pilot at all.
Effective and consistent communication from senior teams within prison
groups and HQ was thought to be important in sustaining engagement in
the future.</li><li>Some areas were perceived to be too big or risky to
change using the new powers. For example, some prisons found that they
were unable to exit larger national contracts as this would have been
expensive and resource-intensive. To manage risk, some larger projects
were delivered over a longer period than originally intended or in some
cases halted to ensure the safe implementation of new policies and
process across the reform prisons.</li></ul><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Contextual
challenges such as understaffing and increases in substance misuse were
perceived to make it harder for prisons to deliver reform. However,
there were examples of new services, projects and models of delivery and
a sense across different areas of work that the reform prisons were
making efforts to deliver personalised, local services embedded within
their communities. While many changes were introduced across the reform
prisons, the extent to which improvements were thought to be innovative
and experimental was questioned.<br />Going forward, there was an
acceptance that larger and more transformational projects would take
more time to safely develop and deliver. It will be important that
prison governors and directors are able to access key learning to
continue to safely innovate at a local level using devolved powers.</p><p> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Transforming Rehabilitation is painfully slow.</b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Though some change however in practice which team is going to act on them? </span><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: medium;">I have not heard </span>about the IPP pilot schemes since that was mentioned and set up. The traffic light </span><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: medium;">schemes</span> was set up for to investigate why IPP prisoners was not moving </span><span style="font-size: medium;">forward and getting stuck in the system again limited to a few prisons leaving it pot luck if you got help and discriminating those with complex needs that might effect your risk!</span><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">1. A new public sector National
Probation Service will be created, building
upon the expertise and professionalism which are already in place.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">2.For the first time in recent
history, every offender released from custody will receive statutory
supervision and rehabilitation in the community. We are legislating to
extend this statutory supervision and rehabilitation to all 50,000 of the most
prolific group of offenders – those sentenced to less than 12 months in
custody.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">3.A nationwide ‘through the prison
gate’ resettlement service will be put in place, meaning most offenders are
given continuous support by one provider from custody into the community.
We will support this by ensuring that most offenders are held in a prison
designated to their area for at least three months before release.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">4.The market will be opened up to a
diverse range of new rehabilitation providers, so that we get the best out of
the public, voluntary and private sectors, at the local as well as national
level.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">5.New payment incentives for market
providers to focus relentlessly on reforming offenders will be introduced,
giving providers flexibility to do what works and freedom from bureaucracy, but
only paying them in full for real reductions in re-offending.</p>
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<![endif]--><h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-size: 1.75rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Dealing with a criminal record</h3><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="http://www.bitc.org.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Business in the Community</b></a> has led the<span> </span><i style="box-sizing: border-box;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">“Ban the Box”</b></i><span> </span>campaign which encourages employers to state publicly that they will consider job candidates with criminal convictions and advises them on only asking about criminal convictions which are relevant to the job to which they are recruiting.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="https://www.nacro.org.uk/resettlement-advice-service/support-for-individuals/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Nacro</a>‘s </b>Resettlement Advice Service provides information, advice, guidance and legal advocacy support to people with criminal records through a free confidential helpline; as well as advice, support and training to<span> </span><a href="https://www.nacro.org.uk/resettlement-advice-service/support-for-practitioners/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">practitioners</a><span> </span>and<span> </span><a href="https://www.nacro.org.uk/resettlement-advice-service/support-for-employers/recruiting-safely-and-fairly-guide-a-practical-guide-to-employing-ex-offenders/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">employers</a>. The helpline is open Monday to Friday 9 -5 on 0300 123 1999 (calls charged at local rate). You can also email them on<span> </span><a href="mailto:helpline@nacro.org.uk" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">helpline@nacro.org.uk</a></p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://www.unlock.org.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Unlock </a></b>is a charity for people with convictions which does two main things: assist people to move on positively with their lives by empowering them with <b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://www.unlock.org.uk/support-for-people-with-convictions/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">information, advice and support</a> </b>to overcome the stigma of their previous convictions and promote a fairer and more inclusive society by <b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://www.unlock.org.uk/policy-issues/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">challenging discriminatory practices and promoting socially just alternatives</a></b>. It has developed an <a href="http://www.disclosurecalculator.org.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">online tool</a> that works out when your convictions are spent and so don’t need to be disclosed to most employers; it also runs <a href="http://www.unlock.org.uk/for-practitioners/training/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">criminal record disclosure training</a> for people working with offenders.</p></div><div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b> </b></span></div><div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Help finding work</b></span><br /><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a983325" data-element_type="column" data-id="a983325" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; min-height: 1px; position: relative; width: 759.987px;"><div class="elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; padding: 10px; position: relative; width: 759.987px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap" style="align-content: flex-start; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; position: relative; width: 739.987px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-71d65076 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="71d65076" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; width: 739.987px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="box-sizing: border-box; transition: all 0.3s ease 0s, all 0.3s ease 0s, all 0.3s ease 0s, all 0.3s ease 0s, all 0.3s ease 0s, all 0.3s ease 0s;"><div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://www.blueskydevelopment.co.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Blue Sky</a> </b>is a social enterprise which recruits only offenders to deliver a range of business contracts with local authority and private sector clients.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://bouncebackproject.com/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Bounce Back</a> </b>is a Charity which offer training, work experience and employment to offenders at the end of their sentences using the skills developed both in custody and on release; it works with several prisons and probation in the London areas.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://www.chance2013.co.uk/index.php" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Chance 2013 Ltd</a> </b>is an employment agency based in the West Midlands working exclusively with offenders who want to re-enter the job market.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://cleansheet.org.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Clean Sheet</a></b> is a national, Christian charity, focusing exclusively on work for prisoners and ex offenders. Their 3-step pathway offers the support and guidance – in and after prison – to find work. Clean Sheet members can access an Employers Directory (currently containing 90+ companies) and apply direct for any of advertised position. Clean Sheet provides online support and advice via their helpline.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><a href="http://www.kaonix.com/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Kaonix</b></a><span> </span>has developed an holistic web-based programme which helps prisons, probation and other organisations involved in the rehabilitation of offenders to prepare them for the world of work; helping them to build a winning CV, Identifying career opportunities based on aspirations and likes/dislikes and, critically, matching them to local vacancies, as well as mentoring them through the application process.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://offploy.org/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Offploy </a></b>(launched by ex-offender <a href="http://jacobhill.co.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Jacob Hill</a>) specialises in ex-offender employment and provides a bespoke service to companies helping them review their HR policies to develop an inclusive approach to hiring people with convictions. The organisation recruits and mentors ex-offenders looking for work with the mentoring support lasting for 6 months into work. Offploy also specialising in helping criminal justice organisations recruit.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><a href="http://www.prisonereducationsolutions.co.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Prisoner Education Solutions</b></a> is a national Education & Training company that specialises in helping offenders gain qualifications, training & employment.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://www.switchback.org.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Switchback</a> </b>is an award-winning prisoner rehabilitation charity based in London. Our team of full-time, paid Mentors provide intensive one-to-one support for 18-30 year old men as they go through the prison gate and into training and employment. Our mission is to change the way offenders think about and participate in society, enabling them to lead stable, rewarding lives. Only 9% of Switchback Trainees reoffend within a year compared to a national rate of 46%.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://tempusnovo.org/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Tempus Novo</a> </b>are based in HMP Leeds and HMP Wealstun and work with offenders in custody and on release to help them find work; and have a particular expertise at working with prolific (PPO) offenders.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><a href="https://www.thehardyard.co.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">The Hard Yard</b></a><span> </span>is a fitness brand that employs ex-offenders to run its ‘tough prison workouts’ in London.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://workingchance.org/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Working Chance</a></b><span> </span>is the UK’s only specialist recruitment consultancy for women with criminal convictions. They have made over 1,300 successful work placements since 2009. In 2015, Working Chance also began supporting young women leaving care into work – to tackle the “care-to-prison pipeline”. They work across London, Manchester and the surrounding areas, and have an office within HMP Downview. Working Chance places women into paid employment and voluntary/work experience placements with a range of mainstream employers and delivers vital employability training. In addition, they provide support services covering housing, debt and money management, domestic abuse and counselling.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><br /></p><h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.75rem; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem;">Employers</h3><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;">Of course all employers should be prepared to consider people with convictions for work. The ones listed in this section have a reputation for being proactive in recruiting people with a criminal record. Boots and Marks and Spencers (sometimes) are other large companies known to be happy to employ people with convictions if they have the appropriate skills and experience.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;">A number of initiatives have focused on getting employers to sign up publicly to commit to recruit offenders:</p><ul style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">There is a list of all the “offender-friendly” employers who have signed the “Ban the Box” campaign<span> </span><a href="http://www.bitc.org.uk/programmes/ban-box/who-has-banned-box-0" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">here</a>.</li><li style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The government (mainly DWP/MoJ) campaign<span> </span><a href="https://seepotential.campaign.gov.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">See Potential</a><span> </span>is supported by more than 100 employers</li></ul><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><a href="http://theexceptionals.org/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">The Exceptionals</a><span> </span>campaign focuses on changing employers’ perceptions about hiring people with convictions. Its objective is to inspire and inform employers about the opportunity of working with ex-offenders – an overlooked community full of potential. The campaign aims to educate business about the skills and positive attitude that this workforce has to offer and provide insight into the process of hiring an ex-offender.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><a href="https://www.timpson.co.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Timpsons</b></a></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;">James Timpson, the Chief Executive of the family shoe repair & key cutting firm, has been a leading figure in the business community advocating for the employment of people with conviction. 10% employees (colleagues, as they are known at Timpson’s) are ex-offenders. James chairs the Employers Forum for Reducing Reoffending.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><a href="https://www.virgintrains.co.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Virgin Trains</b></a> has recently recruited 30 ex-offenders to work on its West Coast line in various capacities and has launched a <a href="http://the10group.isebox.net/virgin-trains-launches-toolkit-to-help-businesses-employ-ex-offenders-media-toolkit" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">media toolkit</a> to help businesses recruit people with convictions.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="https://www.greggs.co.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Greggs</a>’</b> <a href="http://www.bitc.org.uk/our-resources/case-studies/greggs-plc-ready-work" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Ready to Work programme</a> has been developed with a number of prisons and probation areas to provide both offenders and ex-offenders with personal and work development experiences. This builds their confidence and self-esteem, leading to work experience and paid employment – aiming to break the cycle of re-offending and reduce its cost to society. The company aims to run three Ready to Work programmes each year.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;">This site also holds a number of more in-depth resources, all of which are free-to-access and/or download. These include:</p><ul style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A resource pack for<span> </span><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/resource-packs/helping-offenders-families/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">working with offenders’ families</a></li><li style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A resource page for<span> </span><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/resource-packs/resources-for-women-offenders/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">working with women offenders</a></li><li style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A resource pack for<span> </span><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/resource-packs/helping-veteran-offenders/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">working with veteran offenders</a></li><li style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The<span> </span><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/transforming-rehabilitation-resource-pack/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">Transforming Rehabilitation Resource Pack</a></li><li style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/innovation-showcase/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">The Innovation Showcase</a><span> </span>– an overview of the latest innovations in the drugs and crime sector</li><li style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A review of the<span> </span><a href="http://russellwebster.com/Lessons%20from%20the%20Payment%20by%20Results%20literature%20Russell%20Webster%202016.pdf" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">Payment by Results Literature</a></li><li style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; border: 0px none; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: currentcolor none 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">An interactive<span> </span><a href="http://pbr.russellwebster.com/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">Payment by Results tool</a><span> </span>to assess the appropriateness of PbR for a specific servic</li></ul><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;">You will also find a copy of the Criminal Justice Alliance’s <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/a-criminal-justice-dictionary/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">Criminal Justice Dictionary</a> if you need help with all the latest acronyms.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"> </p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px;"> </p><h4 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 1.5rem; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Helping organisations</h4><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="http://www.familylives.org.uk/about/our-services/action-for-prisoners-and-offenders-families/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Action for Prisoners’ and Offenders’ Families</strong></a> is a national organisation which works for the benefit of prisoners’ and offenders’ families by supporting families who are affected by imprisonment. You can find information about the <a href="http://www.offendersfamilieshelpline.org/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">National Offenders’ Families Helpline</a>, resources for families and professionals, and also their <a href="http://www.parentinguk.org/our-work/training/hidden-sentence/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Hidden Sentence</a> training for professionals working with families. You can call 0808 808 2003 for info and advice if you’re worried about your family member in prison.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://www.adfam.org.uk/http://www.adfam.org.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Adfam</a> </strong>is the national charity working to improve life for families affected by drugs and alcohol. Adfam works to empower family members and carers, support frontline workers and influence decision-makers to ensure the voice of families is heard and met. As well as providing a range of information and resources for family members and professions, Adfam has a<span> </span><a href="http://www.adfam.org.uk/families/find_a_local_support_group" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">map of a local family support groups</a><span> </span>across the country so family members know where to access support they need.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="https://www.gov.uk/assisted-prison-visits" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Assisted Prison Visits</strong></a><span> </span>is the part of the Ministry of Justice which can help with travel costs for visiting a close relative or partner in prison. Contact details: <strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Email</strong>: <a href="mailto:assisted.prison.visits@noms.gsi.gov.uk" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">assisted.prison.visits@noms.gsi.gov.uk</a> <strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Telephone</strong>: 0300 063 2100 Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="http://www.emailaprisoner.com/index.cfm" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Email a prisoner</strong></a><span> </span>lets family members send messages to a prisoner via their<span> </span><a href="http://www.emailaprisoner.com/index.cfm" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">website</a>. The message is printed inside the prison and will be included in the daily mail delivery. Messages cost 40p.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="https://www.familiesoutside.org.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Families outside</a></strong><span> </span>is an independent charity which has been helping prisoners’ families in Scotland for over 20 years; offering support and information to families affected by imprisonment. Helpline number: 0800 254 0088.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Barnardo’s<span> </span><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="https://www.i-hop.org.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">i-HOP</a></strong><span> </span>service is a free, one-stop, knowledge hub which supports all professionals to work with the children and families of offenders. The ever growing online directory holds relevant information for front line and strategic level workers; it includes local and national services, policy and guidance, training opportunities, handy tools for using with children and families, quality assessed research, events, practice examples and funding opportunities from multiple organisations in England and beyond.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://www.nepacs.co.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">North East Prisoner Family Support</a></strong><span> </span>(nepacs) is a north east charity which has been supporting people affected by imprisonment for over 130 years. It supports a positive future for prisoners and their families by providing practical and emotional support from the courts in Teesside and Durham to helping families to maintain contact during the prison sentence through our prison visitors’ centres, family support workers, and child and youth projects, and then, at the end of the journey, offering prisoners and their families support and guidance about release from prison and resettlement in the community.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="https://www.ormiston.org/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Ormiston<span> </span></a></strong>Families’ Unite Programme supports children and their families affected by offending behaviour to stay together. This support is provided by services for those <a href="https://www.ormiston.org/how-we-can-help/our-programmes/the-unite-programme/visiting-relatives/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">visiting relatives in prison</a>, through the <a href="https://www.ormiston.org/how-we-can-help/our-programmes/the-unite-programme/transforming-rehabilitation/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Transforming Rehabilitation Service </a>for short-sentence prisoners and their families, and through the<span> </span><a href="https://www.ormiston.org/how-we-can-help/our-programmes/the-unite-programme/breaking-barriers-prison-outreach/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Breaking Barriers</a><span> </span>community outreach service to assist children affected by imprisonment. The Unite Programme also helps youngsters cope with the trauma of offending or family imprisonment, and maintaining positive family ties which reduces the risk of reoffending and cycles of intergenerational offending.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="http://outtheresfop.co.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Out There</strong></a><span> </span>works across Greater Manchester delivering community based support to families of prisoners (telephone support, casework including home visits, mutual support groups at premises in Old Trafford. They also work with the whole family and the offender for 6-12 months after release connecting the offender to services to help with benefits, housing, drugs and alcohol and relationship support</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">The<span> </span><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="https://www.prisonadvice.org.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Prison Advice and Care Trust</a></strong><span> </span>(Pact) is a national charity that provides support to prisoners, people with convictions, and their families. We support people to make a fresh start, and minimise the harm that can be caused by imprisonment on people who have committed offences, on families and on communities.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="https://prisonersfamiliesvoices.blogspot.co.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Prison Widow UK</a></strong><span> </span>is an online platform for prisoners families who can safely and anonymously share their experiences and stories to raise awareness. It was founded by Alison Henderson who relates to the emotional hurdles often faced by families and friends of prisoners living with the struggle on the other side of the wall. The blog site features latest prison news, supportive articles on substance misuse, personal stories and posts written by ex prisoners who share their experiences on what life is like for them once they have been released from prison. Prison Widow UK also passionately promotes family ties and positive interaction by advising families on great ways to write interesting and meaningful letters to their loved ones.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://www.partnersofprisoners.co.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">POPS<span> </span></a></strong>(Partners of Prisoners & Families Support Group) is a needs-led organisation, established in 1988 by family members experiencing the stigma of supporting a relative through a custodial sentence. POPS supports in excess of 240,000 offenders’ families in a prison and community setting through a range of person-centred services which provide one-to-one support, targeted interventions, advice, guidance and referrals for issues such as housing, debt, employment and mental health. POPS also actively builds capacity amongst professionals through our training offer.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><a href="http://www.safeground.org.uk/" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Safe Ground</a></strong><span> </span>design and deliver high quality group work with men, women and young people in custodial and community settings. We work with staff and service users to change culture, attitudes and improve relationships. We have 21 years of impact and evidence. Our flagship programmes, Family Man and Fathers Inside are internationally recognised family relationship programmes and our therapeutic group work and arts methodologies are proven to support intellectual and emotional learning, growth and development.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="https://www.spurgeons.org/what-we-do/families-criminal-justice" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Spurgeons</strong><span> </span></a>runs visitor centres in London prisons allow children to visit their loved ones in a friendly environment and their mentoring and support programmes give young people the chance to reduce negative behaviours and build a better future.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="http://www.storybookdads.org.uk/index.html" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Storybook dads</strong></a><span> </span>helps prisoners record and send a bedtime story disc to their children, providing comfort and reducing the trauma caused by the forced separation. Doing something positive and tangible for their child increases their self-<wbr style="box-sizing: border-box;"></wbr>esteem and belief in themselves as a valued parent.</p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">But the site also holds a number of more in-depth resources, all of which are free-to-access and/or download. These include:</p><ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: rgb(219, 237, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">An <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/jobs-2/helping-offenders-find-employment/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">Offender employment resource pack</a></li><li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A resource page for<span> </span><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/resource-packs/resources-for-women-offenders/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">working with women offenders</a></li><li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A resource pack for<span> </span><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/resource-packs/helping-veteran-offenders/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">working with veteran offenders</a></li><li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The<span> </span><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/transforming-rehabilitation-resource-pack/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">Transforming Rehabilitation Resource Pack</a></li><li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/innovation-showcase/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">The Innovation Showcase</a><span> </span>– an overview of the latest innovations in the drugs and crime sector</li><li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A review of the<span> </span><a href="http://russellwebster.com/Lessons%20from%20the%20Payment%20by%20Results%20literature%20Russell%20Webster%202016.pdf" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">Payment by Results Literature</a></li><li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">An interactive<span> </span><a href="http://pbr.russellwebster.com/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">Payment by Results tool</a><span> </span>to assess the appropriateness of PbR for a specific service</li></ul><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: #dbedf0; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 7px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">You will also find a copy of the Criminal Justice Alliance’s <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/a-criminal-justice-dictionary/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4632da; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none;">Criminal Justice Dictionary</a> if you need help with all the latest acronyms.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div><p>http://www.russellwebster.com/reform-prisons-eval/?utm_source=ReviveOldPost&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=ReviveOldPost <br /></p></div>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span face="" style="font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;">.</span></p>katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-69421573201820727032020-08-17T14:46:00.005+01:002020-08-17T15:10:14.972+01:00 1. Black Lives Matter protesters March through Nottingham city centre this weekend seeking goverment to release IPP prisoners. 2. Kayden Wright has written begging the government to release his dad from jail. "The total number of unreleased IPP prisoners in custody has fallen by two thirds .<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><h1><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-W1H4pdcdo9k/XzpiGlrE2bI/AAAAAAAAltQ/LwTpxp_jdOYiVMFT5cGS_klsXx1wvwRhQCLcBGAsYHQ/s810/0_JSR_MEN_130820_KaydenWhite_02.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span face="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #2c2c2c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.07px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 20px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Kayden Wright has written begging the government to release his dad from jail</span></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-W1H4pdcdo9k/XzpiGlrE2bI/AAAAAAAAltQ/LwTpxp_jdOYiVMFT5cGS_klsXx1wvwRhQCLcBGAsYHQ/s810/0_JSR_MEN_130820_KaydenWhite_02.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="539" data-original-width="810" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-W1H4pdcdo9k/XzpiGlrE2bI/AAAAAAAAltQ/LwTpxp_jdOYiVMFT5cGS_klsXx1wvwRhQCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/0_JSR_MEN_130820_KaydenWhite_02.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-A7umw8PL9NQ/XzphfVmC-WI/AAAAAAAAltI/rsl4USUCSLs757Ss2-g-1-axSTMrSm22ACLcBGAsYHQ/s615/0_JSR_MEN_130820_KaydenWhite_03.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="452" data-original-width="615" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-A7umw8PL9NQ/XzphfVmC-WI/AAAAAAAAltI/rsl4USUCSLs757Ss2-g-1-axSTMrSm22ACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/0_JSR_MEN_130820_KaydenWhite_03.jpg" /></a><span face="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #2c2c2c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.07px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 20px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Kayden hasn't seen his dad, Thomas, since he was a baby. Aunt Clara White is also pictured</span></h1><h1><span face="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #2c2c2c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.07px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 20px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span face="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #2c2c2c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.07px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 20px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
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</span></h1><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Kayden, helped by his
grandmother, Margaret White, has written to Lord Chancellor and Justice
Secretary Robert Buckland - but is yet to get a reply.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">The letter said: "Mr
Buckland my name is Kayden Wright and my daddy Thomas White has been away for a
very long time since I was a baby.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">"Sir I'm asking you, can you
help me speak to my daddy? I have not seen him since I was a baby.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">"Could you help me to speak to
my daddy?</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">"Also when can he come home
as my nanny says she doesn't know? Please sir do you think he will be home for
Christmas or for my first day at big school? Please please write back
sir."</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Responding to questions about
Thomas White's case, a Ministry of Justice spokesperson said: "These types
of offenders were deemed by a judge to pose a high risk to the public and are
only released after they demonstrate to the Parole Board they are no longer a
threat.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">"The total number of
unreleased IPP prisoners in custody has fallen by two thirds from 6,080 in 2012
to 2,039 as of March, which is down 15 per cent on the previous year.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">"A joint HMPPS and Parole
Board action plan has been put in place to help prisoners serving public
protection sentences to progress towards release.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">"We have also developed
progression regimes at four prisons across the country which are dedicated to
progressing indeterminate prisoners struggling to achieve release via the usual
routes."</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Thomas' sister, Clara White, 38,
said in order for Thomas to be granted parole he must do a course on
rehabilitation.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">But she said these courses are
only on offer in a handful of prisons, have massive waiting lists, and that she
fears Thomas is not in a fit state to complete them.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">His family have said that he has
spent large parts of his sentence in segregation with only the Bible to read.</p>
<h1><span face="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #2c2c2c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.07px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 20px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span></h1><h1 style="margin-left: 40px;"><span face="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #2c2c2c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.07px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 20px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span></h1></div><p></p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-color: currentcolor; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-style: none; border-width: 0px; color: #141414; font-family: "quot"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bn-RsTjnkL4/Xzpi-oG0gsI/AAAAAAAAltc/kzS6oXY5z1cfg_b2nIzu0F-F9tTFdIqYACLcBGAsYHQ/s615/0_JSR_MEN_130820_KaydenWhite.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="517" data-original-width="615" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bn-RsTjnkL4/Xzpi-oG0gsI/AAAAAAAAltc/kzS6oXY5z1cfg_b2nIzu0F-F9tTFdIqYACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/0_JSR_MEN_130820_KaydenWhite.jpg" /></a></div> <span face="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #141414; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Clara said: "I really am concerned about my brother.</span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">"He has spent so much time
alone not knowing when he'll be release and it has really had an effect on him.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">"When I have spoken to him
on the phone all he has done is recite lines from the Bible and talk to me
about the devil."</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Clara is calling for his release
alongside Donna Mooney, whose brother Tommy Nicol took his own life while
inside in strikingly similar circumstances.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b> ..............................................<br /></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b>Postdate long delays and deferrals and now remote prison visits for solicitors 'not available for
weeks'</b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/remote-prison-visits-for-solicitors-not-available-for-weeks/5105238.article</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> ............................................................................................................</p>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: xx-large;"><b>Black lives matter Marched demanding their voices be
heard and that Britain is a "racist state and the injustice of the IPP sentence".</b></span></p>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
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</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">I do believe racism and the IPP
sentence is embedded into our society and will be unless we make our voice
heard and show that enough is enough. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">"I'm really pleased people
of all ages and races have come out today. This affects everyone. It's not
about defining people. It's about humanity.</p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> A LARGE SCALE MARCH WILL
WAS AT THE WEEKEND WITH INTRODUCTORY SPEECHES AND AN OPEN MIC FOR
PEOPLE TO PROTEST.</p>
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Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> <span face="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #252525; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 18px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">They are also seeking for police to release </span><b style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #252525; font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">IPP prisoners</b><span face="" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #252525; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial", "helvetica", "clean", sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 18px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> and for recall to be stopped from 99 years to two years. Marchers....</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Demanding the relase of IPP prisoners, stop and search and joint enterprise .Support is growing weekly with protest typicaly culminating in spontaneous marches stations courts in the area where all members are of the public are invited. </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Myself and colleague raised some points in 2019 to the CEO of the parole board thanks to IPP prisoners there families and organsations though the meeting was cut
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<![endif]--> The document we haded to the CEO raises our observations and areas of change in the
Prison System, and that there should be no one in prison purely
because their hearing is delayed- this being a snapshot. </p><p class="MsoNormal">I am sharing minutes of the meeting, more for the families than the public because i
feel families could do with useful references and clear picture of the
disadvantages those sentence to a IPP goes through which will help
strengthen their argument when you write to your MP s and organizations
including solicitors.who could do with with useful information. Further you
could bring with you on Marches which explains the situation they find them
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
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<![endif]--><span style="-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #151515; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 1.12em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><i>34,433 Signed </i> </span><a href="https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-the-remaining-ipp-prisoners" style="-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border-color: currentcolor; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-style: none; border-width: 0px; color: #494949; font-family: inherit; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 100%; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-the-remaining-ipp-prisoners</a></p><p><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #151515; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 1.12em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-size: xx-large;"><b><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #151515; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Full minutes of that meeting</span></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p><p class="MsoNormal">To Martin Jones-CEO</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">We would like to go through some of the problems that
DPP/IPP prisoners face and the causes that generate a negative influence on
both the prisoner and their family. <br />
We have divided up the stages those sentence to a IPP goes through and refer to
specific areas in the process that cause a detrimental impact on
rehabilitation, mental health and the flaws within the system that discriminate
more against those sentence to a IPPs than the rest of the prison community. <br />
We wish to highlight these areas to you in an effort to steer you within your
remit to be more aware of what IPPs face and hopefully in so doing help you
balance your decisions respectively. We would also welcome improvements to the
system to better help IPPs progress through the justice system. <br />
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">We have therefore divided this up into five categories:- <br />
<br />
1) Oasys reports <br />
The problems with scoring and negativity that discriminate IPPs, Mental health
problems, A report written eleven years ago and how it identifies the problems
we see today <br />
<br />
2) The Prison Environment <br />
Disadvantaged and suffering significant mental harm, Poor mentoring, Easy to
manipulate, Why many give up <br />
3) Parole <br />
Stress of the process Why a growing number nolonger want to take part The
change that has created more stress Remaining impartial <br />
<br />
4) The Approved Premises <br />
An environment where IPPs are particularly vulnerable and are far more likely
to be recalled <br />
5) The threat of Recall <br />
The disadvantages of being an IPP on licence <br />
Conclusion The things that need to be done to help DPP/IPP prisoners complete
their journey through the justice system <br />
2 <br />
1) Oasys report writing. <br />
A quote from PSO_2205 page 45 <br />
<br />
4.1.6 There is limited evidence about which factors predict the risk of serious
harm. When assessing the risk of further offending, the best predictor of
future behaviour is considered to be past behaviour. This is also a good
starting point when considering the risk of harm. <br />
<br />
This small extract explains the negative bias within the base of Oasys report
writing. It is why all Oasys reports will focus for the most part and in
conclusion, about negative aspects. <br />
While it would be true to say that this is the way the reports are written for
all prisoners, the impact on the assessments are particularly damaging for
indeterminate sentenced prisoners. Those that choose to read these reports can
be exposed to some very harmful emotions, the reports themselves can damage the
mental health of the prisoner because every event that happens within the
prison environment will always carry negative implications within the report.
IPPs are in a hostile environment for a period of time that has been
undefined. This causes in itself harmful effects yet the issues are
considerable and were well known as far back as 2008. <br />
The Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health wrote a report in 2008 called ‘In the
Dark, The mental health implications of Imprisonment for Public
Protection. <br />
https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf <br />
This report went into considerable detail about the problems this sentence had
and more importantly the effects it was having on the mental health of the
prisoners all those years ago when the sentence was still being issued. <br />
The report highlighted problems that are now all too clear but the problem is,
even after all this time the same problems are still there. They have in
some incidences been addressed but still the problems keep coming up again and
again. <br />
Courses. Limited places, limited availability. For an IPP getting
on a course can have a detrimental effect on family connects as they frequently
have to move to other prisons. Due to the time periods during parole
hearings (18months or so) a course could be completed early on and then as the
next parole hearing looms into view, a new oasys suddenly recommends the need
for yet another course to be completed before release. There is also
inequality within the ability to access a course, prisoners maybe deemed
unsuitable for mental health related issues. <br />
3 <br />
There have also been incidents that simply should not be allowed to
happen. I can personally recall an over tariff IPP being turned down for
release because he was physically too ill to attend a course. He was
diagnosed with leukaemia and could barely get out of bed. Regardless of
the reason his probation officer repeatedly told him that he would not be
released because he wouldn’t do the course, the reason for his refusal was
irrelevant. He died from his illness, never securing release. <br />
Mental health is also a barrier and this was picked up on within the Sainsbury
Centre report. It is even more relevant now and so I want to quote the
relevant section to you on page 37:- <br />
It refers to the OASys assessment Oasys is used to assess offenders needs in
ten areas relating to offending behaviour, each of which is scored during an
offender assessment. These areas are: accommodation; education, training and
employment); financial management; relationships; lifestyle and associates;
drug misuse; alcohol misuse; emotional wellbeing; thinking and behaviour; and
attitudes. If an individual offender’s score in any of these areas exceeds the
set threshold, it is recorded as being a ‘criminogenic need’, which means that
it is so significant it must be specifically addressed in order to reduce their
likelihood of reoffending. <br />
<br />
Significantly more IPP prisoners have a criminogenic need in all ten need
categories than in the total population or among life prisoners.
Thinking and behaviour needs are there biggest problem area, this has been exacerbated
by the prison environment and the psychological damage the sentence is having
on the prisoner. <br />
<br />
This is something the report also picked up on <br />
<br />
The indeterminate nature of the IPP sentence seemed to have a significant
impact on the emotional wellbeing and mental health of prisoners. Not having a
release date, and not knowing whether their efforts in prison would have any
bearing on the Parole Board’s considerations, had a forcible impact on
prisoners’ mental health. A great many prisoners spoke of the frustration
caused by indeterminacy, and many said that they had to manage the constant
‘not knowing’. This was described by one prisoner as the ‘stress of
helplessness’. Another said: “I’ve seen this sentence destroy people, people
going off the edge because of what the sentence makes people do.” For one
prisoner the only way to not ‘lose the plot’ was to ‘numb’ himself:” Last
October at The Grange & HMP Hewell four IPPs made it clear they were
struggling to maintain any real hope of release and their mental health was
suffering as a consequence. <br />
<br />
So my point here is to make it clear that prisoners are being discriminated by
the Oasys report because at no point in its assessment is it balanced against
the nature of this sentence. The prisoner does not know when they will be
released if ever, this causes potentially significant mental harm. IPPs
either allow the trauma to overwhelm them and many have taken their lives, or
they develop coping mechanisms to help release their distress. Some self
harm, some use Spice. <br />
4 <br />
Many immerse themselves into as much as possible to prevent the reality from
bringing on the fear and despair that stalks them day after day. It
therefore is unfair to judge an IPP prisoner so harshly when they get into minor
skirmishes or trouble whilst within a hostile environment. But that’s
exactly what the Oasys does. Any adjudication is brought to bear, even
brought up in parole hearings. Negative Mandatory drug tests are also
pressed against them even though it’s virtually impossible to avoid inhaling
the stuff. Prison officers are frequently affected by passive inhalation
of Spice and passive inhalation is very likely to cause a positive result in a
MDT, despite the misinformation contained within PSO 3601,8.50 page 11.
The research referred to is well out of date. The potential
consequences of a positive MDT affect the IPPs more than anyone as they are
held potential indefinitely. Every knock back damages them and that is
why I would ask all board members to balance events within the estate with a
degree of understanding. The prisoner’s behaviour within the prison
environment does not represent a true reflection of how they would behave
outside it. Indeed I would argue that if one of us was to venture within
their environment and act as we do out here, we would not last very long.
Due to the considerable time many of these prisoners have served over their
tariff dates, a considerable amount will have become institutionalised.
The fear of release becomes just as daunting to them as the fear of never being
released. <br />
<br />
The report mentioned in its conclusion At the centre of the debates relating to
IPP and ‘risk’, is the hypothesis that the IPP sentence is conflating
(blending) ‘dangerousness’ with ‘mental illness’, and that the IPP sentence is
an example of ‘reverse diversion’ where offenders with mental illness are more
likely than others to be detained in prison than diverted away (see Rutherford,
2008). Here, eleven years down the road we are seeing the consequences of
this. The more damaged their mental health gets, the more likely they
will remain stuck within the justice system, rather than getting the mental
health support they need in the community. <br />
<br />
What can you do? i) There can be occasions where the physical health of a
prisoner should out way the need for a course to be completed; after all we are
now holding prisoners well into their senior years and in deteriorating health,
so promote a more balanced approach, its far more important to get elderly IPPs
out of prison especially if they are in poor health. On licence they will
be able to access better health provisions and ‘offender related work’ can be
done whilst in the community. ii) Mental health related issues
should not impede the progress of IPPs in obtaining release. Currently it
does and it comes into conflict with equality rights. OMs should be asked
to incorporate risk strategies to mediate the risk score as soon as it becomes
known in the pre hearing review. <br />
5 <br />
2) The Prison Environment <br />
I have already touched on the prison environment and its damaging effects but
there are a few more points to bring up in this area. <br />
<br />
IPP’s are punished more harshly than any other prisoner type within the
estate. <br />
<br />
There were 204,715 adjudication outcomes in 2018, up 7% <br />
<br />
We have a particularly harsh adjudication system here in England and
Wales. Scotland no longer adds extra time but we do. <br />
<br />
Last year a total of 380,169 additional days were awarded as punishment and
added to sentences <br />
<br />
Adjudications for an IPP are particularly damaging as they can knock them back
at parole regardless as to whether the punishment warranted extra days or
not. Being knocked back potentially means around another 547 days behind
bars. They can do everything they can to avoid getting into trouble but
the longer they are in the more likely they are to get a nicking. The
fear of this does not help keep them focused on being of good behaviour,
instead it causes paranoia based mainly on the environment they are forced to
endure. Anyone who wants to get them into trouble can and do regularly,
as they are frequently in a poor mental state already. This makes them
malleable to those wishing to exploit them. So they give up on trying to
keep squeaky clean and in so doing reside themselves to the fact that prison is
all that’s guaranteed anyway, so why make their life in it harder than it needs
to be. Doing jobs for free Spice, hiding contraband for free
canteen. The little things that make prison life a bit easier, knowing
that if someone picks on you, that you are protected and others will support
you. Slowly you feel safer in prison and the thought of release brings on
fear, no support and no one watching your back when you’re released. <br />
<br />
Inadequate mentoring Prison officers are given 10weeks at best of rudimentary
training, unlike countries like Norway who spend three years training their
officers. How to restrain, How to turn a key, How to count, How to keep
yourself safe, all important things a prison officer must learn but how to
rehabilitate, how to support someone experiencing a mental breakdown. How
to instil trust, all fall at the way side. IPPs need extra support
and that requires time and effort, time that our officers cannot spare.
They are too busy getting movement underway from wings, supervising the
servery, getting wings locked down and so on. Time to sit down and spend
real time with people that need help with transfers, getting listed onto
courses, getting their medication and help contacting family simply isn’t
there. These are issues vitally important to an IPP prisoner; there is no
default release date. Letting go of all these worries is becomes easier
than trying to achieve the things that are needed to comply with sentence plans.
That’s why so many give up and instead focus on the only life that is
guaranteed. Where I am pleased to see a significant recruitment drive
regarding Prison Officers I am disappointed with the quality of training
given. Many experienced officers have left and worryingly a large number
of <br />
6 <br />
new recruits leave every year. This is in part to significant shortfalls
in the quality of the training being given. <br />
<br />
What can you do about that I hear you ask? As the parole board there is little
you can do but the little you can do still may make a significant
difference. i) Acknowledge the efforts of the prisoner when it is
due but also acknowledge the harsh reality that they are attempting to do it
in. ii) Lower your threshold of required engagement with sentence plans;
instead assess whether the prisoner could do such work in the
community? iii) Ask them whether they are willing to comply with
the strict licence they will be under? Critically these are
fundamentally important questions that need to be answered, ensure they have
the opportunity to answer them directly. <br />
<br />
I would advocate a more positive approach to the possibility that people can
adapt in a more therapeutic environment and behaviour work will be much more
beneficial and relevant. We need to rehabilitate not
institutionalize. <br />
<br />
Parole <br />
There are of course three parts to parole; all will be traumatic for a DPP/IPP
prisoner who is desperately seeking to obtain release. They will have a
copy of their Oasys and they would have already done everything they could do
to achieve what has been asked of them. As the day draws closer an unwelcome
report will undoubtedly be shoved under their door. A newer, revised
Oasys. This rarely brings good news, there is always at least something
more negative on it, whether it’s the revelation of a nicking that they thought
wouldn’t show up, or perhaps a detrimental statement from an officer that has
taken a disliking to them. A common update involves yet more work,
another course or a revoke in the support for release by either the outside
offender manager or the one within. The prospect of another 18 month
knock back floods like bleach into their minds, Oasys reports delivered without
support bring about suicidal thoughts and sleepless nights. <br />
<br />
Then the hearing itself, which usually arrives after days and nights of
anxiety, when you look into their bloodshot eyes what do you see?
During that hearing do you consider what they have had to endure, of course
not? Your remit is trimmed to a specific requirement, an independent
assessment on risk to the public. Whilst you may advice the secretary of
state on a slightly wider remit, your primary purpose is risk to the community
and can any perceived risk be effectively mitigated. But please do
not prejudge even in your mind the person that stands before you. Engage
with them as much as you are permitted too and be understanding if they seem
somewhat distant. Remember the environment they are in, ask them when
they received the latest copy of their Oasys and confirm the date of the
report. Speak to them as an equal, when you evaluate any evidence be sure
to assess its reliability and where possible be sure to get the prisoners
view. <br />
7 <br />
Take their evaluation seriously and thank them for it. Don’t dismiss it
likely; give them the benefit of the doubt. Life in prison is tough
enough. <br />
<br />
For an IPP that is desperate to do what is needed to obtain release, this
parole hearing is more than its name suggests. It’s another trial to
them; they are back in the court room on trial for crimes they have not
committed. In their own mind they will know whether they consider
themselves a threat to society and where they are certain they are not, the
frustration they will feel can be overwhelming. All they can do to
convince you is courses and do their best to stay out of trouble. If
only, some have told me I could show them a polygraph, to prove to them I am no
danger to anyone. <br />
<br />
After the hearing is arguably the toughest period for an IPP, will they grant
me release, will I get a Cat D.? Days of anguish, maybe questions from
family, desperate to know, desperate to hear some good news that perhaps Dad is
coming home at last. A step forward but wait they must. When
it arrives it’s rare that they receive the much needed support that they
need. In most cases it’s a letter dumped on their bunk or pushed under
their door after bang up. There in that envelope lies their fate; at the
precipice of a critical high emotional event they are left alone to face the
reality of your decision. A cell bell there maybe but it rarely can be
pushed without consequences these days. Help is not something that is
openly given especially from the night shift. Whatever the outcome, it
brings on extreme emotions. One recent suicide was an IPP who had been
granted release. As I mentioned before, the longer they are in the more
the uncertainty of how they will cope on the outside will
grow. In light of the changes made to the parole process and
the rights of the victims to challenge your decision if you grant release comes
yet another hurdle and potentially a devastating one for an IPP. <br />
<br />
After receiving your decision, after telling their friends and family that
finally they are coming out, there is the very real prospect that you could
change your mind. This potentially could push them over the edge.
Any challenge to a release decision needs to be robustly defended, yet the IPP
has no legal representative to help defend it. This is something you do between
yourselves. Remember this is like being on trial all over again for the
prisoner and they will be in a very vulnerable emotional state. <br />
<br />
What can you do? There is potentially a considerable amount that you can do in
this traumatic period for IPPs. i) Recognising their struggle, that this is a
potentially extremely emotional time for those still determined to try and
progress within the system. Confirm when they received their copy of the
latest Oasys report. ii) Always try to involve them as much as you can during
the hearing and engage with them. Give them a clear indication of when your
decision will be made and do your utmost to ensure they are given support at
that critical time, regardless of the decision. I would strongly suggest
that you write a letter to accompany the decision ensuring it is written in a
supporting way. <br />
8 <br />
It’s very likely they will have to face your decision alone and it can cause
serious distress. iii) Before making your decision be more mindful of the
environment they have had to endure and be more focused on giving them a chance
to progress. iv) Where release is not granted look at the category, would a cat
D help them, even when a move to a cat D is unlikely, recommending it would
still give the prisoner hope that they are at least making progress. This
can help them to find the courage to carry on. v) When you are forced to look
at a parole decision again, when you know all eyes are watching you and the
tabloids are very much on the victim’s side, it is vital that you remain impartial.
Defend the right to be impartial and gregariously defend your decision where it
is appropriate. Be mindful of the effect of this process on both the
prisoner and the prisoner’s family when a challenge is made. A victim will also
be affected but the views of the victim should not influence an impartial
decision regarding a perception of risk that the prisoner now represents.
Allowing such an influence turns the evaluation of risk into a means to inflict
retribution. Please please remain impartial and do not be swayed by
political interference. <br />
<br />
The Approved Premises</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br />
A quote from PSI 32-2014 approved premises, page 7 Point 13
Indeterminate-sentence offenders should not be released from prison until their
risk of harm has reduced to a level where it can be managed safely in the
community. This generally means that they will be below the normal entry
threshold for AP residence. Offender managers should be careful to avoid
recommending AP residence to the Parole Board unless there is an overwhelming
reason to. This point is even further strengthened by point 14
Determinate-sentence offenders will be released automatically at a fixed point
in their sentences, regardless of risk. APs are therefore much more
likely to be suitable for these offenders than for those released under
indeterminate sentences <br />
<br />
Why then when the PSI makes it clear that the approved premises is not meant
for an IPP sentenced prisoner are they being used so extensively for
them? The answer appears to be that they are being used as a settlement
tool, a place for them to go first in order to seek more permanent
accommodation even when family have offered to put them up. That however
makes curfews more difficult to monitor and reduces significantly the ability
to supervise them effectively, at least that’s the argument. Yet their
perceived risk scores had to be low enough to be considered for release in the
first place. The approved premises have high recall rates; it is
where the prisoner will most likely be recalled. <br />
<br />
For a DPP/IPP prisoner, the risk of recall is even higher as they are unfairly
discriminated against in the AP. <br />
<br />
9 <br />
<br />
A quote from Pi_27-2014 page 19. Point 6.2 <br />
<br />
When making a request to recall an indeterminate sentence offender on licence,
there must be evidence that there is an increased risk of harm to the public
before recall is agreed. The NPS/YOT must take into account the extent
that the offender’s behaviour presents an increased risk of sexual or violent
harm to others, regardless of the type of index offence for which he or she was
originally convicted. Recall to prison does not depend upon a prosecution and
conviction for a fresh offence, nor whether or not the licensee is to be tried
for an offence <br />
<br />
The importance of perceived protection of the public has come at the detriment
of fairness with DPP/IPP sentenced prisoners; their index offence should be
taken into account, especially where the index offence warranted only a low
minimum tariff. Sadly the problem is still further exacerbated by:-
<br />
<br />
6.4 Where the offender displays violent/sexual behaviour which in itself
represents a risk of harm to the public, the need to recall in order to protect
the public is clear and unambiguous. In other cases, the behaviour may not be
of a violent or sexual nature, but does present a clear causal link to the
behaviour exhibited in the index offence(s). For example, the offender
may have resumed substance abuse or re-established contact with other criminal
associates both of which might be identified as critical risk factors, then
invariably recall must be sought. <br />
<br />
As many of these prisoners have served significantly long periods in prison
they may have made many friends during that time and most likely lost a lot of
friends in the community. It isn’t at all surprising then that they
may contact people that they know. It is also not at all surprising that
some turn to drugs or alcohol when they return to the community, this could
well be a coping mechanism for stress. IPPs will need support in areas such
as getting benefits sorted, seeking employment and finding suitable
accommodation. All of which the OM needs to be actively involved
in. These are the stress areas; helping them through these areas will
give them a good chance. Many are out of touch with modern technology and
sadly do not get the training they need before they are released so it’s vital
they get this upon release. Local adult learning services can help with
this and OMs need to source placements to help IPPs get back up on their feet
and move forward. IPPs, like life sentenced prisoners will suffer with
anxiety and may feel uncomfortable in some environments so it’s vital
significant effort is invested in helping them. <br />
<br />
Yet more often than not, when the IPP is clearly struggling with the pressures
of life in the community, for example after the pressure is building for them
to find suitable move on accommodation, this is the point at which they are
invariably recalled. They exhibit behaviour that constitutes concern,
irritability, short temperedness and perhaps even failing the very low alcohol
limit for residency at an AP, that being the legal drive limit. <br />
<br />
10 <br />
<br />
There is also another problem with APs for IPPs. They are vulnerable here
to bullying by other residence. The residency is populated by other
prisoners’ which creates a prison like environment especially when people are
up to no good. Where drugs are in use there is invariably money related
issues like borrowing, this can lead to disagreements. Where someone on
an IPP sentence is known to others in the residency, this can be used as a way
to control. If the IPP doesn’t want to loan someone money or hide stash
they can be threatened. Most prisoners know IPPs can be recalled much
more easily than determinate sentence prisoners can. Its easy to mislead
staff at an AP by pretending to pass on information about another resident and
whether there is any truth to it or not a report will be written and sent to
the relevant OM. <br />
<br />
So here we have a clear inequality problem which is consistent with the
treatment of DPP/IPPs all through their sentence. Here though at this
point is the real cruncher. They got parole down to hard work and
patience yet here they see all that effort come to nothing when they are sent back.
That’s why many feel they are set up to fail from the beginning. <br />
<br />
The misused Good Behaviour condition <br />
<br />
Quote from Pi20-2012 Licence conditions page 5 2.4 The “Good Behaviour”
condition (listed in 2.3 as vi) is designed to cover the majority of
eventualities. For example, it can be used to deal with activities which are
thought to be leading to reoffending, associating with other known offenders,
inciting hatred in respect of extremist offenders, and any behaviour or
incident that might give rise to an increased risk of serious harm or
re-offending. <br />
<br />
This is a licence condition that is used to recall people far to frequently
especially on DPPs/IPPs. <br />
<br />
So what can you do? Your remit is clear and the PSI is of course meant to be
followed. What sadly happens, due in part too many offender managers
being young and having limited life experience is that there is no fair
assessment based on the situation in which the alleged breach of good behaviour
has occurred. The Good behaviour condition is so broad and ambiguous it’s
down to interpretation. It also unfairly discriminates against IPPs. So
please:- <br />
<br />
i) Promote a tightened remit for the Good Behaviour Condition; you have seen
yourselves at recall reviews the problems of this condition. A proper
assessment should be done before a breach is made using this condition to
ensure there is not undue pressure being placed on the licencee or where
bullying is a likely possibility, where it is evident, a strategy should be
pursued to mitigate the problem. ii) The casual link control
contained within Pi27-2014 Point 6.4 is too ambiguous and the provision within
Point 6.2 needs amending. There are many reasons why someone’s behaviour
can change however it’s rare that it has any connection with the likelihood of
an increased risk of a crime being committed, especially when the index offence
is unrelated. <br />
11 <br />
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The Threat of Recall <br />
<br />
I have already touched on the problems of recall but it’s the threat of recall
that is a real handicap with rehabilitation in the community for IPPs <br />
<br />
Many have been recalled more than twice and this has a dramatic effect on their
confidence in the fairness of their supervision in the community. While
some accept they were to blame many feel let down and unfairly treated.
They reside themselves to the reality as they see it, with many negative
experiences it’s not surprising they have a negative outlook on life. <br />
<br />
The facts and figures do not help either. The prison Reform Trusts report:
Prison the facts 2019 <br />
<br />
There are a further 1,063 people serving an IPP sentence who are back in prison
having been previously released — a 26% increase in only a year. There are
2,403 yet to be released as of this summer and 91% (thats 2,198 have served
their tariff and worryingly over 50% of those had a tariff of four years or
less. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> As already mentioned many are spending significant
time in Approved Premises and fail to find suitable move on
accommodation. Sometimes IPPs are bounced around different Approved
Premises over a period of many months before finally ending up being
recalled. It would seem at times a vast amount of pressure is being
placed on them to locate suitable accommodation, a daunting task considering
many have spent such a long time in custody and our out of touch with society.
This can push many back into a depressive and defeatist state of mind.
Any wonder so many are on medication for depression and PTSD. <br />
<br />
Whilst in the hostel its vital there is a net of support around the IPP to help
them through the gauntlet of obstacles in their way. If family ties are
still strong then family should be invited round regularly and should be
allowed into supervision meetings. This means planning even before
release occurs, firstly identifying if family can be involved with the release
plan and that will involve attempting to locate suitable accommodation near
family to enable them to take a more active part during release. At the AP the
IPP should be able to talk in confidence with their supervising officer; in
particularly there should be more effort to ensure they feel safe within the
premises. Where they are not, no detrimental consequences should affect
them where they have stated they are concerned for their safety. <br />
<br />
Seeking medical support within the community The need to seek not just a GP but
in a lot of cases mental health support when released should be a top
priority. However the IPP should not suffer detrimental effects, such as
increasing risk scores where mental health reports are being viewed by the OM.
The fact that mental health support is being sort should in its self show
compliance, Addressing issues relating to mental health can take years to
resolve and in many cases they never are resolved. It’s vital the OM is
very mindful of this, it is better for them to be getting the treatment they
need in the community because they will not get such support in prison.
Currently there is too much emphasis on perceived risk scoring; every last bit
of information appears to be being used to increase the risk scores during the
AP stay. The OMs are requesting almost daily reports, wanting anything
that can be interpreted as negative to be reported. This creates pressure
on hostel staff which can create a bias attitude towards IPPs. <br />
<br />
What can you do? i) Actively encourage OMs to seek more involvement where
possible from family. Discourage the use of Approved Premises, it should not be
necessary. OMs should try harder to locate accommodation and where possible
utilise support from family and mitigate the risk to the community using
suitable licence conditions especially where family are willing to help. ii)
Direct OMs to provide more effort in finding the support a DPP/IPP prisoner
needs within the community iii) Request that additional time should be given to
OMs to spend actively helping IPPs to obtain suitable accommodation and where
necessary seek more support through local area provisions, such as charities
and sheltered accommodation. <br />
<br />
14 <br />
Where the local housing allowance is not enough to secure a flat and the
prisoners’ perceived risk is too high for them to live in a house share,
councils can be approached to provide additional funding under the
discretionary housing payment (DHP). <br />
<br />
iv) Discourage an over analytical approach on risk scoring whilst IPPs reside
at the AP. Not every event necessarily needs to effect
scoring. AP staffs focus should be on progressing and supporting the
IPP. MAPPA meetings are there to assess a more comprehensive assessment
of risk, where intelligence can be used to give a more comprehensive picture.
The AP provides a reason to be more tolerant, you know where they will be at
set times and where recall should always remain an option, it should be an
absolute last resort whilst they are at a hostel. All other options should
be tried first and recorded. <br />
<br />
Conclusion <br />
<br />
Currently we are failing to rehabilitate these prisoners. We are also
guilty of not given them a fair chance. Where the protection of the
public is at the top of your list, it should not cloud your efforts in doing
everything possible to achieve rehabilitation and re-integration. <br />
<br />
So I would ask for the following. <br />
<br />
Oasys Report writing <br />
<br />
i) The health of the prisoner should be considered when assessing the need of
completing courses before release. Its far more important to get elderly IPPs
out of prison especially if they are in poor health. On licence they will
be able to access better health provisions and ‘offender related work’ can be
done whilst in the community. ii) Mental health related issues should
not impede the progress of IPPs in obtaining release. This comes into
conflict with equality rights. OMs should be asked to incorporate risk
strategies to mediate that score as soon as it becomes known in the pre parole
hearing review. Denying release based on a criminogenic need that has not
been addressed in a release plan should be challenged. <br />
<br />
15 <br />
The Prison Environment <br />
i) Acknowledge the efforts of the prisoner during the parole hearing when it is
due but also acknowledge the harsh reality that they are attempting to do it
in. ii) Lower your threshold of required engagement with sentence plans
whilst in custody; instead assess whether the prisoner could do such work in
the community? iii) Ask the prisoner whether they are willing to comply
with the strict licence they will be under? Critically these are
fundamentally important questions that need to be answered, ensure they have
the opportunity to answer them directly. <br />
<br />
Parole <br />
i) Confirm when they received their copy of the latest Oasys report; recognise
their struggle and that it is an emotional time for them. ii) Always try
to involve them as much as you can during the hearing and engage with
them. Give IPPs a clear indication of when your decision will be made; give
them support at that critical time. I would strongly suggest that you write a
letter to accompany the decision ensuring it is written in a supporting way to
minimise the distress that it’s likely to cause. iii) Before making your
decision be more mindful of the environment they have had to endure and be more
focused on giving them a chance to progress. iv) Where release is not granted
look at the category, would a cat D help them, even when a move to a cat D is
unlikely, recommending it would still give the prisoner hope that they are at
least making progress. This can help them to find the courage to carry
on. v) When you are forced to look at a parole decision again, defend the right
to be impartial and gregariously defend your decision where it is appropriate.
Be mindful of the effect of this process on both the prisoner and the
prisoner’s family when a challenge is made. A victim will also be affected but
the views of the victim should not influence an impartial decision regarding a
perception of risk that the prisoner now represents. Allowing such an
influence turns the evaluation of risk into a means to inflict
retribution. <br />
<br />
The Approved Premises <br />
<br />
i) Advocate a tightened remit for the Good Behaviour Condition; you have seen
yourselves at recall reviews the problems of this condition. A proper
assessment should be done before a breach is made using this condition to
ensure there is not undue pressure being placed on the licencee by another
resident, or where the behaviour can be linked to stress. ii) The casual link
within Pi27-2014 page 19, point (6.4) and the behaviour provision in (6.2) need
to be amended. There are many reasons why someone’s behaviour can change or
become concerning however it’s rare that it has any connection with the
likelihood of an increased risk of the individual committing a crime,
especially when the index offence is unrelated. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">16 <br />
Threat of recall <br />
<br />
i) Actively encourage OMs to seek more involvement where possible from family
and discourage the use of Approved Premises, it should not be necessary. OMs
should try harder to locate accommodation and where possible utilise support
from family and mitigate the risk to the community using suitable licence
conditions. <br />
<br />
ii) Direct OMs to provide more effort in finding the support a DPP/IPP prisoner
needs within the community iii) Request that additional time should be given to
OMs to spend actively helping IPPs to obtain suitable accommodation and where
necessary seek more support through local area provisions, such as charities and
sheltered accommodation iv) Discourage an over analytical approach on risk
scoring whilst IPPs reside at Approved Premises. Not every event
necessarily needs to effect scoring. <br />
<br />
Thank you for taking the time to listen to the problems that some of the most
vulnerable people in our society face. Please continue your efforts to
improve the system. If we leave things the way they are there will still
be hundreds of IPPs still in the justice system ten years from now. That
is something we cannot allow to happen. <br />
<br />
<br />
Sourced information <br />
<br />
Sentenced for imprisonment for public protection <br />
<br />
https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf <br />
<br />
https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/publications/archive-publications <br />
<br />
https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/blurring_the_boundaries_0.pdf
<br />
<br />
https://www.justice.gov.uk/offenders/psos <br />
<br />
https://www.justice.gov.uk/offenders/probation-instructions <br />
<br />
http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/Bromley%20Briefings/Prison%
20the%20facts%20Summer%202019.pdf <br />
<br />
http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/PressPolicy/News/IPPs <br />
<br />
17 <br />
<br />
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment
_data/file/805271/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-q4-2018.pdf <br />
<br />
https://insidetime.org/adjudication-for-a-failed-mandatory-drug-test/ <br />
<br />
Relevant news feeds <br />
<br />
https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/prisoner-whos-served-more-1016777474?utm_source=facebook.com&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=sharebar&fbclid=IwA
R0PcC3ei_IPNnLx0JpZJtpulIaKsZSKDcLuogLDbcYDC7jMpuW-2JpH4_c <br />
<br />
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/stories-48885846?fbclid=IwAR3CT2010rJC6hLii7HwlkTqUoJJu6v3JKUDE_gEuZ4nIQqiDoftag_SMg
<br />
<br />
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-47879038 <br />
<br />
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-lancashire-47461779 <br />
<br />
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/jan/10/family-ipp-prisoner-tommy-nicolindeterminate-sentence
<br />
<br />
https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2017/08/im-blame-blunketts-indefinite-prisonsentences-and-thousands-still-locked
<br />
<br />
https://mailchi.mp/russellwebster/womenipp?e=20b779e6c8&fbclid=IwAR3i78kwMcbkLiOMcLnhh
Ow0keV-VkWq8hsFrmUDnIbhT3D3ZNIpS5HzoUM <br />
<br />
<br />
https://ippfanilycampaign.blogspot.com/2019/06/ipp-prisoners-acquiring-mentalhealth.html?spref=fb&fbclid=IwAR1RW5o3mTnDjyfiBgErsf3ExkneyOevYbntAaaTYEIRtUWXN1CUh6Q
hr2k </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border-color: currentcolor; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-style: none; border-width: 0px; color: #151515; font-family: inherit; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 1.12em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 20px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">But there is still more to do in this vital campaign. The more people who sign the petition, the more chance we have to make the changes we all want to see. I’m writing this to ask if you can go one step further and share the petition with your friends and family. Pleased copy and paste this link on Facebook or forward it your friends email.</p><p style="-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border-color: currentcolor; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-style: none; border-width: 0px; color: #151515; font-family: inherit; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 1.12em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 20px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 107%;">Reasons for signing the petition<br /></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> I believe in Law and Order
- punishment to be served! But to be held indefinitely for minor crimes is not
right! This another example of Government indifference to righting the mistakes
that they make!</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">I have signed because when I was
in prison I have seen and witnessed people on ipp and how its affected there
mental health they have served there time now what the government is doing
basically torching them beyond what they should </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Daisy T. 1 day ago</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">My boyfriend a high ipp he's done
this time let him live his life </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Laura A. 2 days ago</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Everyone sign this up </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Moin K. 3 days ago</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Because it’s been classed a
unlawful sentence in 2012 and yet people are still stuck in custody. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Andre S. 4 days ago</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Iz gud wan </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Aman J. 5 <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>daysago</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">My friend was sentenced to 25
months - served over 10years. He was recalled after 11 months, due to a missed
probation appointment; We had both telephoned to say he would go in the next
morning. Now served nearly 3years on recall, completed the same course twice
over & seen other inmates who have been recalled & committed further
offence/s, get released, then after a few weeks/months are back inside. He just
gets told he is an IPP inmate so is just left there to rot - how is that
justice! </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">kairlan d. 15 days ago</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">My brother who was sentenced to 4
and a half years is still inside after 11 years with no release date</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> Signed to help
</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Yas N. 10 days ago</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Because I agree it’s close to our
hearts </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Leanne C. 3 months ago</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">my uncles is in prison under ipp
since 2003 and he is not able to be released </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">mohammed a. 1 months ago</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Clearly a inhumane sentence, by
where thousands of people were given life sentences for crimes that do not
warrant a life sentence, disgusting piece of legislation that the British
justice system should be ashamed of </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Leon H. 2 months ago</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">This sentence has been abolished
yet so many are still imprisoned and the crime doesn't merit the sentence </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Dawn C. 1 dayago</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Seems a little unfair to have one
set rule and a different for others </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Rio-raquel R. 1 day ago<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Shame on you all for holding people
who have complexed Disabilitys who will worsen inside. Shame on you for the massive
death of IPP prisoners.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mark smith 2days ag o</p>
<span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #151515; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 100%; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span><p style="-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border-color: currentcolor; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-style: none; border-width: 0px; color: #151515; font-family: inherit; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 1.12em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 20px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-the-remaining-ipp-prisoners" style="-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%; border-color: currentcolor; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-style: none; border-width: 0px; color: #494949; font-family: inherit; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: 100%; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-the-remaining-ipp-prisoners</a></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/can-you-help-speak-daddy-18765719
https://www.post.com/news/nottingham-news/black-livesmatter-4419757</p>
<p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-color: currentcolor; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-style: none; border-width: 0px; color: #141414; font-family: "quot"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-color: currentcolor; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-style: none; border-width: 0px; color: #141414; font-family: "quot"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-color: currentcolor; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-style: none; border-width: 0px; color: #141414; font-family: "quot"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 12px; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><br /><br /></p>katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-84343807358859332012020-06-23T14:20:00.002+01:002020-06-23T15:49:39.892+01:00 Number of country's suing the government for Cruel and unusual punishment. Goverment attitude tone deaf and dangerous?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GfRy3WIPYIY/XvHi0uz2FUI/AAAAAAAAjug/vacBKpQCiYsmX5Gbtrk6FePiPzvShAUMACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/2E4EB22200000578-3312010-image-a-33_1447166172766.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="546" data-original-width="634" height="550" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GfRy3WIPYIY/XvHi0uz2FUI/AAAAAAAAjug/vacBKpQCiYsmX5Gbtrk6FePiPzvShAUMACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/2E4EB22200000578-3312010-image-a-33_1447166172766.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">For inflicting
“Cruel and unusual punishment" on prisoners by failing to put in
place policies to protect those who are medically vulnerable from dying of the
Covis 19, according to what being disclosed. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"We are
asking for a Emergency court order to compel the government to put measures in
place. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A full table
published by the Ministry of Justice shows that some jails have had dozens of
staff and residents test positive, while others have so far escaped the virus
entirely.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The
worst-hit jail is Drake Hall women’s prison where 66 people have tested
positive, 25 staff and 41 residents. Second-worst is Berwyn, with 59 cases – 25
staff and 34 residents. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Lucy Frazer
QC, the Prisons Minister, disclosed the figures in response to a question in
parliament from the Plaid Cymru MP Liz Saville-Roberts. The minster pointed out
that the figures represent the total numbers who have tested positive since the
start of the outbreak,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> As of
May 26, when the count was taken, a total of 882 staff and 447 prisoners had
tested positive across the 124 prisons in England and Wales. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The number
who had died with the virus by then, according to the Ministry of Justice, was
eight staff and 21 prisoners.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The mass
testing policy system in the UK where prisoners are only
tested if they fall sick. "Public Health England has said the true number of
prisoners contracting the virus may be six times greater than the number who
have tested positive.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The 10
prisons with the highest number of infections among both staff and prisoners
were:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Drake Hall
(66)<br />
Berwyn (59)<br />
Humber (51)<br />
Cardiff (45)<br />
Durham (43)<br />
Hewell (43)<br />
Manchester (39)<br />
Altcourse (38)<br />
Risley (36)<br />
Gartree (34)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The 13
prisons with no cases among staff or prisoners were:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Ashfield<br />
East Sutton Park<br />
Exeter<br />
Grendon<br />
Guys Marsh<br />
Leyhill<br />
Medway<br />
Peterborough (Female)<br />
Portland<br />
Rochester<br />
Warren Hill<br />
Wayland<br />
Werrington</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Prisons:
Coronavirus: Written question - 49084 </span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> fewer than 100 prisoners were freed. Fraction of the
original target will ever be reached. Public Health England, the advisory body
which originally called for the release of 16,000 prisoners to eliminate
cell-sharing, now says that 5,000 to 5,500 should be freed to allow “headroom”
for the segregation of prisoners into different risk groups.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Robert Buckland said April 4under which low-risk
prisoners can be allowed out on an electronic tag up to two months before their
release date and that never happened. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“Eligibility criteria and the convoluted process of early
release are mired in complexity, risk and dislike” the report said. “The
schemes are hard to understand, difficult to explain and close to impossible to
deliver, even for a disciplined service like HM Prison and Probation Service.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Such difficulties would explain the extremely limited uptake
of the ECTR programme – which has resulted in the government being left with
almost 2,000 surplus tags, acquired at a cost of nearly £4m of tax payers
money. A further </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> Two baby died in prison cell as they was refused basic
care is gross negligence we are sing with the government prisoner health care
neglected we have no chance with Covid 19. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/styal-prison-stillborn-baby-female-inmates-healthcare-pregnancy-birth-a9578861.html</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">It is Indefensible regardless as to whether the lady knew she
was pregnant Hospital appointments are frequently cancelled by the prison for
quite serious treatments because there is not escort staff available to take
them.
https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/styal-prison-stillborn-baby-female-inmates-healthcare-pregnancy-birth-a9578861.html</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Report by the Nuffield Trust in Feb revealed </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">4 in 10 hospital appointments made for a prisoner were cancelled
or missed in 2017-18 alone, missed appointments cost the NHS £2m'. The
way the government is huddling the tax payers money is a scandal which could of
gone on the mental health and community of prisoners.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">And if there are appointments The study includes examples of
prison officers trying to exercise authority over patients’ clinical care to
reduce the time spent at hospital in order to return in time to finish their
shift.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The findings, collated by academics at University college London
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(UCL</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Sick inmates are being forced to wait in hospital cupboards
before getting treatment, according to a new report. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The study also reveals that inmates are required to undergo
intimate medical examinations in the presence of prison guards, which is said
to have a damaging affect on their wellbeing, with one describing feeling
suicidal afterwards. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Inates reported having no prior knowledge or control over
appointments, and experiencing significant delays in treatment due to
cancellations and prison-to-prison transfers</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The report also raises concern that due to cancellations,
prison-to-prison transfers, and other causes of delay; inmates often wait
considerably longer than the NHS target of 18 weeks from referral to treatment,
which can exacerbate their illness. This represents a complex and challenging
area for healthcare. Delayed access to hospital appointments is a harmful
consequence of the resource implications associated with transport and
security, which could lead to significant adverse health outcomes and legal
challenges with covid -19</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A report, which was funded by the Wellcome Trust and Surrey
Heartlands Health and Care Partnership/</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> further damning is another case, a female prisoner
spoke of having to have an intimate examination with two officers present: As
the doctor was talking to me and showing me the computer, these two
members of staff were there, and they could see everything. “I came back, I was
devastated. I was so depressed. I nearly, took my life.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">found that many prisoners felt clinicians often direct their
questions and attention at prison officers instead of the patient, making the
inmate feel “frustrated, upset and patronised, feeling little more than an
observer in relation to their own healthcare”.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">There also needs to be accountability and checks that any
recommendation made, by those investigating health care and deaths, are
implemented effectively and those charges are imbedded and sustained. End the
culture of recommendations as it just not applied. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Uk justice challenged by fear of public and media
scrutiny rather than educated minds</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">prison where people are treated like people Norway or the
Netherlands, we would be wise to follow their example if we want to see less
crime. Despite the seriousness of their crimes, however, I found that the loss
of liberty was all the punishment they suffered. Norway has no death penalty or
life sentence) – they were offered education, training and skill-building
programmes. Instead of wings and landings they lived in small "pod"
communities within the prison. The teacher explained that all prisons in Norway
worked on the same principle, which he believed was the reason the country had,
at less than 30%, the lowest reoffending figures in <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/europe-news">Europe</a> and less than
half the rate in the UK. Everybody has to work.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">UK Prison destroy the already complexed minds. over
kill the soles of adults and teenagers.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">UK prisons have regular acts of serious violence. Across the
prison estate, several hundred prisoners took their own lives, and a number
were murdered. Attacks by prison officer alike. horrendous rate of
reoffending among released prisoners mostly due to lack of community support
and a failing probation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The punishment is that you lose your freedom. If we treat
people like animals when they are in prison they are likely to behave like
animals. Norwegians pay attention to you as human beings."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Uk prison seem want to demonstrate there doing something but
nothing there is a need modernise what not working</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> "There is so much to learn about the people who
come to prison," she says. "We need to try to understand how they
became criminals, and then help them to change. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">But yet tax payers money amounting to 6 million wasted on
tags that was not used on top cancelled NHS appointments for
prisoners being a snap shot. I like to see a New prison Movement and
rid the old and all those in it. I’m tired of excuses and no accountability.
The same language and ignoring people. it is clear for centuries the justice
system is not fit for purpose and one that is tone deaf. </span><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<h2>
Public opinion: IPP sentence should be reviewed</h2>
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<br /></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Ministry
of Justice</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Prisons:
Coronavirus</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">49084</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">To ask
the Secretary of State for Justice, pursuant to the Answer of 18 May 2020 to
Question 45346 on Prisons: Coronavirus, how many cases of covid-19 there have
been in each prison in England and Wales as of 19 May 2020; and if her
Department will publish that data on a weekly basis. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <a href="https://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-question/Commons/2020-05-19/49084"><span style="color: #ff3d00;">https://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-question/Commons/2020-05-19/49084</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">https://www.theguardian.com/society/2013/feb/25/norwegian-prison-inmates-treated-like-people
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> https://insidetime.org/unlikely-release-of-4000-2/</span></div>
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katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-9019521647442692252020-05-06T12:47:00.002+01:002020-05-07T13:00:31.037+01:00Template letter for all Prisoner. IPP prisoners familes reporting same repetition of issues mental health reporting that there love ones are unwell though they was well when they went in they are not being given a Diagnoses. Covid-19: Prisoner death toll rises<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">URGENT</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">FAO The
Governing Governor </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">HMP [insert
prison and address]</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">[insert prisoner’s name: prison number : D.O.B] COVID 19
*URGENT*</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">I am writing in relation to the above-named prisoner or IPP prisoner, who is
currently detained at HMP [insert prison]. I am seriously concerned for her/his
health and believe her/him to be at risk of serious harm or death. </span></div>
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condition / disability / vulnerability to COVID including any evidence, medical
advice, doctor’s letters etc]. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">It is hard to see in the current situation how Mr/Ms [insert
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<br />
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">As you will be aware, the Secretary of State has
the legal authority to grant early release on compassionate grounds under <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">s248 Criminal Justice Act 2003</b> which
provides:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The
Secretary of State may at any time release a fixed term prisoner on licence if
he is satisfied that exceptional circumstances exist which justify the
prisoner’s release on compassionate grounds. </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Further guidance on such applications regarding
early release or temporary release is found under PSO 6000 Chapter 12: page 8
APPENDIX A (copied here for convenience). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">COMPASSIONATE RELEASE CRITERIA </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The criteria applied in medical
and tragic family circumstances cases are as follows: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">(i) <u>Medical </u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- the
prisoner is suffering from a terminal illness</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> and death is likely to occur
soon; or <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">the prisoner is bedridden or
similarly incapacitated; <u>and </u></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- the
risk of re-offending is past; <u>and </u></span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">there are adequate arrangements for the prisoner's care and treatment
outside prison; <u>and </u></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- early
release will bring some significant benefit to the prisoner or his/her family.
[our emphasis]</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I believe that the above criteria are met in Mr/Ms
[insert name’s] case. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">AND / OR </span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">[delete
as appropriate]</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(iii) <u>General </u></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The following factors need also
to be considered: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- whether <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u>temporary release </u></b>under the Prison Rules <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">could significantly reduce the prisoner's
and/or family's suffering; </b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- the length of the sentence
still outstanding; the effect on the overall sentence passed by the court if
early release is granted; and any remarks which the trial judge made on
sentencing which may have a bearing on the question of release; </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">the wishes of the prisoner and his/her family and the level of benefit
which would derive to the prisoner and/or the family from permanent release</b>; </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">- in medical cases, the diagnosis
and prognosis; in particular whether there is a specific estimate of life
expectancy; and <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">the degree of
incapacitation.</b> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">In
addition the Secretary of State may release a prisoner if he is satisfied that
other exceptional circumstances exist.<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u>
</u></i></span></b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">[our emphasis] </span></u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: 36.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The COVID-19 outbreak, particularly in prisons,
clearly meets the requirement of ‘exceptional circumstances’. I am therefore
asking that you recommend to the Secretary of State that he exercise his
discretion to protect this prisoner’s life by granting Early Release on
Compassionate Grounds, and that you also consider whether Mr/Ms_____<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>can be granted Temporary Release within the
guidelines set out in the Release on Temporary Licence Framework (see paragraph
6.31 on ‘other tragic, or exceptional, personal, or family circumstances’).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">If you are unable to do either of these things,
please provide the information requested below regarding the steps you are
taking to safeguard Mr/Ms X’s life and health.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">You will be aware the government issued guidance on
13<sup>th</sup> March 2020 regarding Covid-19 policy in places of
detention.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Updated guidance of the 26<sup>th</sup>
March 2020 encourages contacting the prison where a prisoner may be at risk. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">There can be no dispute that Mr/Ms X [delete as
appropriate] is at hi<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a>gh risk in light of his/her age
and/or pre-existing health condition. It is accepted that the prison is likely
to be taking significant measures to protect the health of staff and prisoners;
however, I am asking you to provide written confirmation of what if any steps
have been taken in particular to safeguard Mr / Ms X who is particularly at
high risk of death from the Covid-19 virus. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">As you will appreciate, in the current health
crisis Articles 2, 3 and 8 of the ECHR (Right to Life: Prevention of Inhuman
and Degrading Treatment, Right to Respect for Private Life including physical
and moral integrity) are clearly engaged. These Articles require public
authorities to refrain from conduct that places the life, health or physical
integrity of individuals at grave risk. They may also require public
authorities to take positive steps to minimise risk to life, to protect
physical and mental health and to avoid breaches of these rights. Article 14
also prohibits the discriminatory failure to protect these rights by reason of
a protected characteristic. This means that the Secretary of State is obliged
to take steps to ensure that those with a protected characteristic are not at a
disadvantage in securing protection of their fundamental rights.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">It is to date unclear what if any policy, practice
or steps are actively being taken to safeguard prisoners such as [insert name],
who are at heightened risk of death. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">I am very concerned that if there is an on-going
risk of death or inhuman and degrading treatment that Mr/Ms [insert name] may
become detained unlawfully. This may give rise to an application for Habeas
Corpus. However, there is already such a serious risk to Mr/Ms X‘s life and
ability to receive adequate medical care, that I am urging you to take steps
now to protect his/her health and welfare.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Please provide the following information and
documents:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">1.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Confirmation
that a recommendation for Early Release on Compassionate Grounds is being made
to the Secretary of State; or </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">2.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Confirmation
that you have considered and granted Temporary Release; or</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">3.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">In the
event that Early Release is not recommended, or Temporary release granted,
written reasons for your decisions; </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">4.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Information
concerning Mr/Ms X [insert name] and what if any steps are being taken to
safeguard him/her.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">5.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Copies of
any policy documents which ensure compliance with safeguarding those detained
in your prison. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">6.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Any
information of what if any steps will be taken in light of the current situation
to facilitate contact with Mr/Ms X [insert name] if the need becomes urgent. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;">Given the
circumstances and the urgency I am asking you to reply within 3 days if
possible.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;">Yours
faithfully</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;">[insert
your name]</span></div>
<br />
<br />
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.................................................................................................<br />
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
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<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 23.0pt; line-height: 107%;">I don’t
believe death would be part of my sentence! </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">How coronavirus is spreading through UK prisons</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">As the whole nation grapples with isolation, sombre news
updates, supply shortages and fear of an unknown future, is being in
prison is a curse?</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 23.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">with many inmates
sharing cramped cells for 23 hours every day. Communal showers, laundry
procedures, the need for exercise, and healthcare facilities limit the true
meaning of social distancing.</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 23.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">weeks since “outbreak” status was
confirmed in prison, the Ministry of Justice appears at best muddled about what
to do as the virus spreads through our prisons.</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 23.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">many mistakes
have been made by the government: personal protective equipment. For
years, prisons have been underfunded and overcrowded breeding grounds for
crime, drug abuse and mental health decline. With inaccurate statistical and
lack of reporting, and the abrupt change of strategy’s have added massive death
toll prisoners and massive long term failing on IPP prisoners.</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 23.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">It was said if the</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 23.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Covid-19 spreads throughout the
prison population it will be an avoidable catastrophe sadly it has and its
spreading and the government has a duty of care but why <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>are we not hearing<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>about the statistics the releases or regular media
updates like hospital care homes etc.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
government are discriminating, demonstrating prisoners don’t matter prisoners
have children and extended family and are deeply worried. Iran is reported to
have released at least 85,000 prisoners during this unprecedented global
crisis.Why are we little or to late.</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 23.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">But, so far, the Ministry of Justice
has released only around 50 pregnant inmates. In early April there was talk of
releasing 4,000 low-risk prisoners (less than 5 per cent of the prison
population. But this programme has been paused. With around a third of prison
officers across the country self-isolating we need more action.</span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">This is not just about our own safety its essential to think
about the mental health of prisoners.</span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Government address the prison issue
before there are more deaths in custody. No, not all prisoners are safe to be
released, but the many that are would slim down numbers to create a safer
environment for inmates and staff alike.</span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In concerned another death each day
that passes Robert Buckland, the Justice Secretary,should be held accountable
as he was given the advice of the Prisoners Advice Service to slow down the
emergency in our prisons by releasing the following groups of inmates:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">All
prisoners with physical disabilities.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Imprisonment
for Public Protection (IPP) prisoners whose IPP tariffs have expired.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">People
held under immigration detention powers. </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Everybody
over the age of 75, no matter what their conviction. (They would be tagged and
strictly monitored.)</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Those
over 50 whose convictions aren’t for violent or sexual crimes. People awaiting
extradition.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Most of these proposals are supported by Nick Hardwick, the
former chief inspector of prisons. All those released – not just the most
dangerous – would be tagged and monitored in their community.</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 23.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">I am in a working prison, but almost all work has stopped.
Education has stopped, the chapel is closed, and most men are locked up for 23
hours every day. I have no internet access. Amid an already volatile situation,
there is £2.02 to provide three meals per day for each prisoner. Something
must happen and soon.</span></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Comments </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Lewis</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">This bloody sentence was abolished and should of been right
across the board , absolutely heart-breaking knowing there’s no end of sentence
for these prisoners , being kept in well past tariff some of May re offend all prisoners could its a yes or no, not May.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Thomas White who's serving an IPP sentence and is currently
in Garth. I'd appreciate your comments </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">EXCLUSIVE: Thomas White has made attempts on his own life
while spending time inside various UK prisons during an Imprisonment for Public
Protection sentence, which could see him locked up until the day he dies</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> dad-of-two is struggling to cope as he enters his ninth
year of an indefinite prison sentence for stealing a phone.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In 2011, Thomas White was handed an Imprisonment for Public
Protection (IPP) sentence with a minimum term of two years for street robbery,
which means he can only be released once he passes parole.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The 36-year-old has been crushed by the weight of his never
ending sentence, leaving him emotionally exhausted, with severe mental health
issues and prone to lash out at prison guards.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">As he battles through each day inside by keeping his young
sons in mind, Thomas is also trying to work out how to take courses which
aren't offered at his prison but are essential for his parole approval.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Outside, his sister Clara is calling for his release
alongside Donna Mooney, whose brother Tommy Nicol tragically took his own life
while inside in strikingly similar circumstances.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"It's been nine years of a two year sentence,"
Thomas told Mirror Online from inside HMP Garth in Lancashire.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"It is soul destroying. Two times I have seriously
considered suicide. I have hung nooses up. I have tried to take my own life.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"I know it is not the way. There has to be light at the
end of the tunnel, I just need to be given a chance."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Thomas first found himself in trouble with the law as a child
growing up in Manchester.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A life in-and-out of foster care and a family home disrupted
by domestic violence and alcoholism left Thomas 'tormented', Clara said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A robbery related charge at the age of 11 preceded troubled
teenage years, in which Thomas smoked cannabis, drank alcohol, and stole phones
and money.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">After his release from a four year sentence Thomas robbed a
phone from a couple in Manchester city centre after a night of drinking.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">C. <a href="https://www.facebook.com/missy.chantelle?fref=gs&__tn__=%2Cd%2AF%2AF-R&eid=ARBqQKmDm5ge6wcIw090_Wi5xKk_N8Zm_zViC5gYtOL_hKTiHCo_0L_fb4efQ76JeKm3wx_Eh97WgaW_&tn-str=%2AF&dti=322989171073819&hc_location=group_dialog" title="Chantelle Rosina">Rosina</a>. This hit my heart as many families
and friends of a loved one stuck on ipp suffer also</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">He pleaded guilty to the offence and was given a IPP sentence
- an indefinite term introduced under the Criminal Justice Act 2003 to keep
dangerous prisoners who did not warrant life stretches away from the public.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">They were abolished in 2012 by then Justice Secretary Ken
Clarke, who described IPPs as a 'stain' on the system.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Those serving IPP sentences already were not released and
some 2,039 remain inside UK prisons, with no idea of when or if they will be
released and with 94% having served more than their minimum term.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The toll of the indefinite sentence on Thomas, combined with
what the family claim is substandard mental health care, has been immense.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“The mental health service in prison has let him down
terribly,” Clara claimed.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“He's never been diagnosed even though they know he's unwell.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“My mum went to see him one time. She was disturbed. He was
convinced he was Jesus' disciples.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Thomas’s mental health issues have been exasperated by
smoking spice, which leads him to act erratically.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">On three occasions during his nine year stretch he has
assaulted a prison officer - once by spitting through the doors of a
segregation unit at a member of staff.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Thomas has received additional 16 week terms for each attack,
which do not alter his IPP sentence beyond acting as a black mark against his
name when it comes to parole hearings.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In its annual report, the Independent Monitoring Board for
HMP Garth warned IPP prisoners there had “lost hope”, causing their behaviour
to deteriorate so much it is “likely that they will never be deemed safe to
release.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“He's done most of his prison sentence in a segregation
unit,” Clara said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“He becomes a target for people in the main prison wing
because he's trying to bless everyone.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“I've spoken to him on the phone and he told me he has met
the devil. It's really disturbing.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Your mind goes when
you're left alone like that. He has called me up and told me he's going to end
his life.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“I've had to ring the prison and tell him I need him to be
watched.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“He spent so much time alone he has lost all touch with
reality.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“In Norwich he spent a lot of time in segregation, getting
sicker and sicker. They leave the light on, so you lose track of what day
you're on.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Clara claims that Thomas has been stabbed by other prisoners
while inside and left with no clothes in segregation units.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Each evening at 8.45pm Clara, Thomas and their mum Margaret
come together in prayer from their respective rooms, asking that he may soon be
released.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">hey desperately want him moved to the Beacon mental health
unit at Garth so he can receive proper treatment, followed by admission to a
mental health hospital upon his release.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Clara, who described Thomas’s sentence as like ‘being on
death row’, wants him to be re-sentenced as quickly as possible at the very
least.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Thomas has found another supporter on the outside in the form
of Donna Mooney.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Since her brother Tommy killed himself five years and nine
months into an IPP for robbery Donna has campaigned for the sentences to be
reformed.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">She believes IPP prisoners should be given better mental
health support, clear and accessible pathways to parole, and a chance to be
re-sentenced.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"It takes away any power that they could have over their
lives," Donna said of the IPP sentences, which Tommy described as
‘psychological torture’ before his death.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"It takes away any hope. My brother, he lost all hope.
He tried everything that was in his power but it still didn't work."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Like Thomas, Tommy found himself at a prison - HMP Coldingley
- where there were no relevant courses for him to complete.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">During his time there he wrote a formal complaint that he had
not been offered relevant mental health support.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Tommy was transferred twice more to prisons where his
behaviour became increasingly erratic, particularly after he was told his next
parole review would be in two years' time.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">He went on hunger strike, set fire to his cell, self-harmed
and made a mask from a paper plate.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">No mental health support was offered.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">On September 21, 2015, Tommy took his own life.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"When his parole got knocked back it was like dangling a
carrot in front of him," Donna said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"They're (IPP prisoners) doing everything that they can
but the parole knocks them back so much."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Thomas has failed three parole hearings in the course of his
sentence so far, with his next scheduled for June this year.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">On one previous occasion he was too depressed to leave his
cell and argue for his release.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Part of his struggle to stay on track toward parole has been
the inconsistency of his time inside.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">During his nine year stretch Thomas has been moved from
prison to prison 16 times.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The transfers disrupt his mental health care plans, Clara
claims, often leaving him without the right medication.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">His spirits reached a particular low during stints in HMP
Norwich and HMP Chelmsford earlier this year, when Thomas began to suffer from
intense delusion.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“In Norwich I really wanted to end my life,” he said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"I went back to how I was when I was a child. I sat in
the corner and soiled and wet myself. I think I have PTSD but I haven't been
diagnosed with it yet.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"In Chelmsford I was hearing things and seeing
things."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">As haphazard and faltering as his attempts to receive parole
have been, he has not yet given up hope.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"My two babies need me there," Thomas said.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"I haven't seen my boys since they were little babies.
My oldest, the last time I saw him was when he was one. It is one of the things
that keeps me going - that I am going to be able to hold my babies again.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"I pray to the lord that I will be able to see them
again. To do things as a family. To sit down around the table at Christmas.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A Parole Board spokesman said: “The Parole Board is very
aware of the understandable concerns that have been raised about the progress
of prisoners serving an IPP sentence.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">a sentence set up to fail and a government who did
provide the courses so prisoners can prove there not a risk .</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> thousands of IPP prisoners death's covered up a decade
on and the figures are shocking . many IPP prisoner are up to12 years
over there sentence due failing then. ive hear all the poor
accuses words like finding a strategy ,lack of parole, they all will be
released by 2020 im not are satisfied those IPP prisoners are
12 years and recall for no offenses destroying there mental health is
well documented.A justice sec again failing to deal with viruse andwith
staggering deaths. And not a word since his last appearance the media
spot light. stratiges to keep all quite with no intention to act urgent because
again what is the words they keep saying we are finding strategies that why we
have the highest death than any other regarding the COVID_ 19,we cant
wait until there all dead.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Comments</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Borgan.</span> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">How
devastating! My brother is in a very similar situation! He’s on an IPP and he’s
done just shy of 10years. he,s will not be allowed to an open he
Absconded </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">but came
back he didn't see and end to his setence a bit of mental being over that
long and any ipp/lifer prisoner can only be released from an open prison! Where
does he stand?? In his 6ft by 6ft cell! His mental has rapidly deteriorated
over the years too, as you can imagine. But he’ll stay strong</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #3d85c6;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Lewis </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">This
bloody sentence was abolished and should of been right across the board ,
absolutely heart-breaking knowing there’s no end of sentence for these
prisoners</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #3d85c6;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Briggs</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"> I
don't know whether the rules have changed in the last few years but my IPP OH
was released from Hull which is not open.</span></div>
<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-F4BJsVnl6o0/XrKHNws42dI/AAAAAAAAink/7WxGh0xyUM00bkVOvD70xqc_eq9ixAEuACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/95802588_10218911811570368_6602411365942427648_o.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="960" height="320" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-F4BJsVnl6o0/XrKHNws42dI/AAAAAAAAink/7WxGh0xyUM00bkVOvD70xqc_eq9ixAEuACLcBGAsYHQ/s320/95802588_10218911811570368_6602411365942427648_o.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 24.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 24.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Locked up in lockdown: How coronavirus has exposed the flaws
in our prison system</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">For those not intimately acquainted with the prison
system, it can seem obscure and remote – a world where the barriers separating
those inside and outside are more than architectural.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Paddy Wivell’s recent
Bafta-nominated Prison series has illuminated the manifold pressures
facing the system, but prior to this, knowledge of UK prisons felt easier to
glean from distorted, commercialised portrayals in popular films than from real
people’s experiences.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">At a time when coronavirus is devastating prisons,
in the context of an already pressing urgency for prison reform, the need for
wider public understanding could not be more critical.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Charities have warned the Citizen that
they are increasingly worried about the physical and mental welfare of inmates,
with lockdown measures upending external visits and workshops, and severely
restricting their movements inside prison.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">""Charities have also called on the
Ministry of Justice to immediately speed up the <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-prison-releases"><span style="color: blue;">implementation of the Temporary Release Scheme</span></a> which
is designed to stop the spread of Covid through prisons by releasing a number
of prisoners where it is safe to do so.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">As with so many other societal issues, the pandemic
has laid bare the fractures and fault lines pulsating beneath the surface of
the criminal justice system.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">There is fresh scrutiny on the efficacy of
short-term prison sentences, whether jail time is the best way of
rehabilitating non-violent offenders, and if there is adequate support for
staff.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Pentonville prison is one of the closest to
Hackney. An Ofsted inspection in 2019 deemed it so unsafe that inspectors
considered triggering the Urgent Notification process to alert the Justice
Secretary to the difficulties it faced.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">The inspection noted that many prisoners were
forced to live in unsanitary conditions, 29 per cent of those randomly drug tested
posted positive results, and one third of the population reported feeling
unsafe.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">A follow-up visit in February this year found few
constructive changes.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">The report found Pentonville was characteristic of
a generation of Victorian prisons struggling to contain an entirely different
cohort to those they were initially designed to house.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Prison populations can magnify the social
challenges of wider society, and the physical configuration of prisons can
exacerbate these problems.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Prisons are increasingly confining a disaffected
younger population who have had limited educational, community and mental
health services available to them, having come of age in the era of austerity.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Many inmates have gang affiliations which are
further consolidated within the confines of prison walls, driving up rates of
serious violence and drug use.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">In 2015, the government announced prison reforms,
which then Chancellor George Osborne declared would “modernise the prison
estate”.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">He said at the time: “So many of our jails are
relics from Victorian times […] we are going to reform the infrastructure of
our prison system, building new institutions which are modern, suitable and
rehabilitative.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Despite these promises, many of London’s prisons –
Pentonville, Wandsworth, Wormwood Scrubs, Brixton – continue to occupy
Victorian buildings poorly designed for 21st century needs.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">The Prisoners’ Advice Service (PAS) is a charity
which provides specialist guidance to inmates and their families on their legal
and human rights.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Director Lubia Begum-Rob told the Citizen:
“The Covid-19 pandemic is having a devastating impact on prisoners and their
families. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">“Despite introducing various early release schemes,
the government has been extremely slow to actually release any prisoners under
them, and has only released the guidelines on the schemes in the context of
legal action.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">She added: “Our advisers are responding every day
to many queries from prisoners and their outside supporters, who are anxious
both about the threat to their health and about the consequential effects of
prisons being in a complete lockdown with no end in sight.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">“This is having a terrible toll on prisoners’
physical and mental health, and that of those trying their best to support them
from the outside.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Although there are many commonalities in the
experiences of those in prison, women face a unique set of challenges, which
research suggests the the system is poorly equipped to address.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Women in Prison, a charity founded to support and
advocate for women negatively impacted by the prison system, has identified a
significant increase in the harshness of UK sentences.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Its <a href="https://www.womeninprison.org.uk/research/key-facts.php"><span style="color: blue;">research</span></a> shows 80 per cent of women in
prison have been incarcerated for non-violent offences.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">The charity also discovered that women constitute
five per cent of the overall prison population, but are responsible for 18 per
cent of the total number of self-harm incidents.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Worryingly, Women in Prison found there is no
centralised system to monitor the proportion of imprisoned women with dependent
children, raising concerns that they are more likely to fall through the gaps.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Women also face more structural obstructions than
men as they try to rebuild their lives once prison ends.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Although it is widely accepted that employment can
be a key conduit to rehabilitation, the Prison Reform Trust’s <a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/Women/workingitout220120_final.pdf"><span style="color: blue;">Working It Out report</span></a> in February found
women were three times less likely than men to be employed in the six weeks
after leaving prison.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">The Trust found that difficulties in obtaining
childcare, punitive social attitudes, and the impracticality of Universal
Credit all contributed to women finding it difficult to attain employment.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">It also reported that women exiting prison find it
harder to procure stable accommodation or bank accounts, which are
prerequisites for entering formal employment.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Prison has an especially adverse impact on those
from already marginalised groups like BAME women, Muslim women and those with
substance dependencies who can face further social discrimination once they
have a criminal record.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Women are also more likely than men to be the
principal carers for children, meaning even in ordinary circumstances, a prison
sentence can have a devastating impact on family units.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">In the era of social distancing, the most basic
physical interactions between mothers and their children are now ruled out and
replaced by limited, sporadic telephone contact.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Whilst lockdown has led to many families spending
increasing amounts of time together, for those in prison, even the most
intrinsic manifestations of parental love such as hugging, touching and kissing
have now become an impossibility.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Women’s charities have raised serious concerns
about the physical, psychological and developmental implications of this for
children.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Kate Paradine, CEO of Women in Prison, told
the Citizen: “Parental and caring roles often do not end when a woman is
imprisoned – many women continue to care and look after their children and
families through regular phone calls and prison visits.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">“The lockdown has ended this – visits have stopped,
and in some prisons, people only have very limited time to call their families,
collect their medication and get lunch.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">She added: “This has a devastating impact on both
the children and the mother. Children have lost a vital support during an
already uncertain and scary time, while mothers will be locked in their cells
for almost 24 hours a day, worrying about whether their children are safe and
well.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">“This is why the government must include people
with caring responsibilities in their plans for release and release them
urgently.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">“Failure to do so will deny children their right to
a family life and cause unnecessary pain and trauma.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">The Ministry of Justice is yet to respond to the
issues raised by the Prisoners’ Advice Service and Women in Prison.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">A Prison Service spokesperson did, however, state:
“We have robust and flexible plans in place across England and Wales to keep
prisoners, staff and the wider public safe based on the latest advice from
Public Health England.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Addressing concerns about those who are leaving
prison, a spokesperson for the Prison and Probation Service told
the Citizen: “Probation officers are continuing supervising in person
those who pose the highest risk, ensuring the monitoring of high-risk
offenders remains as tough as it always is.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">“If staff believe it is the right thing to do,
offenders can always be recalled to prison […] At the same time, we are using
technology more to supervise lower-risk offenders to reduce the spread of the
virus.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">The conundrum of how prisons should be organised is
one of the most fundamental questions in any society.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">There are certainly no straightforward answers and
the debate will rumble on well after the pandemic.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Those who want to see further prison reform will
hope that this pandemic has exposed indisputable flaws in the system, paving
the way for one that is more humane and rehabilitative – not just for
prisoners, but for society as a whole.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Share this</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Hundreds
deaths since the article has been printed so what is the true amount Justice
Secretary !1st of May coronavirus cases in theEast of England prisons</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">A report published this week by Public Health
England (PHE), says there have been over 100 ‘probable’ cases of <a href="https://www.bedfordindependent.co.uk/category/news/health/coronavirus/"><span style="color: blue;">coronavirus</span></a> in prisons in the East of
England.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">The data, compiled up to 24 April, is part of a
report looking into mitigation strategies in prisons to slow and prevent the
spread of the disease amongst prisoners.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">The report says there have been: The 1st May
of May reported </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">115 ‘probable’ cases of coronavirus</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">35 confirmed coronavirus cases</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">four coronavirus related hospitalisations</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">three deaths connected to coronavirus</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Access to tests for prisoners has been “limited and
variable”, leading to the inclusion of possible/probable cases in its data.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Individuals were classified under this category
when they met the clinical case definition of COVID-19 and where usually five
or more positive cases from prisoners had come from the same facility already.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">In total, the PHE data states that there were 304
confirmed cases of coronavirus across the prison estate in England and Wales,
1,783 ‘probable’, 35 hospitalisations and 15 deaths.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Separately, four prison staff have so far died due
to the virus.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">The majority of prisons in England and Wales have
had at least one confirmed case of coronavirus, although the Bedford
Independent did not receive a response from Bedford Prison when asked
how many cases they had so far.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">As part of the report’s main findings, it is stated
that measures implemented in prisons have prevented an “explosive outbreak”
from occurring.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">The data compiled by the report also indicates that
the number of confirmed cases per day of COVID-19 in prisons peaked in early
April.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">However, while there remains no reliable vaccine or
other treatment, “risk of large outbreaks in the prison estate will remain”.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Prison visits remain suspended and Bedford Prison
continues to run an automated message on its main switch line, advising callers
that due to a high volume of calls, they should only hold if they have a
safeguarding issue.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Meanwhile, a Coronavirus Payment Scheme was
introduced on 23 March to further remunerate prison staff willing to work extra
hours to help cover staff shortages due to self-isolation or suspected
symptoms.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">At around the same time in March, 10% of the total
prison workforce were unavailable due to self-isolation or sickness.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">If a prison officer signs up for four-weeks of
nine-hours overtime each week, they are entitled to a £500 bonus payment, which
on top of overtime pay, adds up to an additional total of £1,292.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">If they sign up for 12 weeks on the same hours per
week rate, the bonus increases to £1,750 and the prison officer will earn £4,126
additional pay in total.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Prison governors, meanwhile, are entitled to a
£1,500 bonus under the payment scheme with no minimum number of hours required
to be eligible for it.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">A spokesperson for the Prison Officers Association
(POA) described this as “grossly unfair” in comparison to other prison staff.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">Earlier this month, as a result of the slow
implementation of the planned early release of 4,000 prisoners in England and
Wales, the Howard League for Penal Reform and Prison Reform Trust joined
together to begin legal action against the government for its management of
containing the spread in prisons.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">On 27 April, Justice Secretary Robert Buckland
confirmed that so far only 33 of 4,000 prisoners eligible for early release to
help slow the spread of COVID-19 in prisons, had been released.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">According to Ministry of Justice data, as of March
2020, Bedford Prison held 359 prisoners, a rise of 3 from the corresponding
figure for February.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16.0pt;">The Category B Male offender prison has an
operational capacity of 409 and a baseline certified normal accommodation (CNA)
capacity of 314.</span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<span style="font-size: 26.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Prisoner found at Waterlooville flat after walking out of HMP
Ford told police 'he'd had enough'</span></div>
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A PRISONER in an open jail walked off to a nearby railway
station after saying' he’d had enough,’ a court heard.</div>
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Brian Chapman, 39, was spotted hiding his face and walking
to the station by a probation officer who was driving to HMP Ford.</div>
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Portsmouth Crown Court heard she raised the alarm with
prison guards, a roll call was held and he was discovered to have absconded.</div>
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Armed police found <a href="https://www.portsmouth.co.uk/news/crime/man-who-escaped-prison-arrested-armed-police-waterlooville-1393356">Chapman
at a flat in Waterlooville</a> nearly 10 days later on February 7 at
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‘In interview he admitted he’d had enough and he walked
out,’ prosecutor Robert Bryan told the remote court hearing.</div>
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The court heard Chapman has previous convictions for
assaults, and was given an imprisonment for public protection with a minimum
21-month term for robbery and grievous bodily harm offences in 2007.</div>
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He was out of jail by at the latest by March 2017 - when he
was then sentenced to 12 weeks for assaulting a police officer.</div>
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Once back in custody he was moved from HMP Stocken in Oakham
to HMP Ford, near Arundel, West Sussex, on October 21 last year.</div>
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By January 29 he decided he’d had enough and left the
category D open jail. The roll call was held at 9.45am.</div>
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Today judge William Ashworth imposed a six-month jail
sentence. But the court heard Chapman was not due to have a Parole Board
hearing until next April, meaning he will stay in custody under his IPP until
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Philip Allman, for Chapman, said: ‘He said he didn’t know
why he did it. What he did communicate to me was that it was a regretful
decision and one for which he has shown remorse.’</div>
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He added Chapman’s actions were ‘impulsive’ but he wanted to
reintegrate into society when released. me</div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 22.0pt;">Please help us Release Nicholas Waszczuk IPP
Prisoner fighting for his life after 15 years</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
PLEASE Spare 5 minutes too sign
this petition too help us release....... Nicholas an Ipp Prisoner who have
spent nearly 15 years inside prison, Nicholas has confined himself for many
years with the belief he will never be released, he has lost all hope an faith
in the justice system, I as a friend have had enough of his misery that he has
been handed and goes through, Britain release paedophiles and terrorists back
into our society on the quiet and turn a blind eye. BUT NICHOLAS IS
NEITHER ONE OF THESE PERPATRATORS and have served more time than any terrorist
in Britain .NICHOLAS is a good soul poses no threats and met all requirements
the system has asked him too, </div>
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A 17 YEAR OLD BOY NOW A 32 YEAR
MAN DESERVES A SECOND CHANCE AT LIFE, NOT LIFE WITH A SECOND SENTENCE. Please
help us by signing thank you for your time and patients.</div>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Self-harm in English and Welsh prisons up 14% last year</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Self-harming in prison custody has hit a record high in
England and Wales, figures reveal, with incidents recorded at an average rate
of one every eight minutes .</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Self-harm incidents reached a record high of 63,328 in the 12
months to December 2019, up 14% from the previous 12 months, the Ministry of
Justice data showed.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The number of individuals self-harming increased by 3% in the
same period to 12,977 and the average number of incidents for each person
self-harming increased by 11% from 4.4 to 4.9.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">However, the figures show that in the year to March 2020, the
number of self-inflicted deaths declined 8% to 80, while assaults were down 4%
in the 12 months to December to 32,669 incidents.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Frances Crook, the chief executive of the Howard League for
Penal Reform, said: “The government’s own figures, from before the coronavirus
lockdown began, reveal the sheer scale of human misery behind bars across
England and Wales. Assaults may be falling but the restricted regimes imposed
have caused further surges in the numbers of self-injury incidents.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“Since then prison regimes have tightened even further. But
these figures show that keeping prisoners safe during the pandemic involves so
much more than seeking to reduce rates of infection.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“The need to reduce the prison population could not be
clearer. It is intolerable that prisoners should be spending 23 hours or more
each day locked in cells, either in overcrowded conditions or prolonged
solitary confinement, with nothing to do.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In the 12 months to December there were 63,328 self-harm
incidents in prisons in England and Wales</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Separate data from the MoJ revealed there were 3,367
prisoners held under the terms of the controversial <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/audio/2020/mar/12/the-never-ending-prison-sentences">imprisonment
for public protection (IPP) sentence</a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The IPP sentence, scrapped in 2012, was a form of
indeterminate sentence in which offenders were given a minimum jail tariff but
no maximum for a range of crimes.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Those given an IPP sentence are placed on licence
indefinitely after release, meaning they can be recalled to prison at any
stage.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The psychological impact of the IPP regime has been <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/mar/03/charlotte-nokes-father-prison-sentence">at
the heart of numerous deaths in prisons in recent years</a>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">There were 2,039 unreleased IPP prisoners on 31 March 2020, a
fall of 15% in a year, but the number of those recalled increased in the same
period by 25% to 1,328.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Meanwhile, the proportion of the IPP prisoner population who
are past their minimum tariff continued to increase to 94% at 31 March compared
with 91% at the same time the previous year.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">There were 9,995 assaults on prison staff in the 12 months to
December 2019, a 2% decrease from the previous 12 months.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In the same period, there were 3,813 serious assault
incidents, a decrease of 3% from the previous 12 months.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The European Committee for the Prevention of Torture (CPT),
part of the human rights organisation the Council of Europe, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/apr/30/uk-prison-officers-punching-inmates">published
a damning report on visits to prisons in England last year</a>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The watchdog found that prison officers were allegedly
punching compliant inmates who they suspected might misbehave in the future, in
a practice known as “preventive strikes”.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">More broadly, the committee said that despite some progress
since its last inspection in 2016, the prison system in England was in “deep
crisis”, finding the jails visited to be “violent, unsafe and overcrowded”.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Deborah Coles, the director of the charity Inquest, which
supports families of people who have died in custody, said: “People in prison
are totally dependent on the state for their safety. These latest figures show
around six people are dying in prison every week and that levels of self-harm
have shattered previous record highs. This reflects a long-running failure in
the government’s duty of care to protect lives in prison.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“Regretfully we fear the worst is yet to come as the impact
of the virus is felt throughout the prison estate. The frustration and despair
of prisoners faced with prolonged isolation in appalling conditions must be
closely monitored and addressed.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">We need answers not words or empty promises </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Coronavirus: More than 2,000 prisoners may have been
infected, says PHE.The number of prisoners believed to have been infected with
coronavirus may be up to six times as many as the published figure, it has
emerged.</span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
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<span style="color: red;">Petition</span> <a href="https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-the-remaining-ipp-prisoners?fbclid=IwAR3O8QOmAUA6n4O3NpkiDBr4rGn7VjmAgyrL-9NTSEp9UbhDfuKaC_A4phE">https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-the-remaining-ipp-prisoners?fbclid=IwAR3O8QOmAUA6n4O3NpkiDBr4rGn7VjmAgyrL-9NTSEp9UbhDfuKaC_A4phE</a><br />
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<span style="color: red;">Petition </span> <a href="https://www.change.org/p/facebook-please-help-us-release-nicholas-waszczuk-ipp-prisoner-fighting-for-his-life-after-15-years?recruiter=501098672&recruited_by_id=d27d7670-e1eb-11e5-a3c8-992faf8ec930&utm_source=share_petition&utm_medium=copylink&utm_campaign=psf_combo_share_initial&utm_term=psf_combo_share_initial&fbclid=IwAR10_1ZapbTbXyhT7o1UnU49_ht9_P5VHf9k-Idldj60hbiKdb8hBkkaPxA&use_react=false">https://www.change.org/p/facebook-please-help-us-release-nicholas-waszczuk-ipp-prisoner-fighting-for-his-life-after-15-years?recruiter=501098672&recruited_by_id=d27d7670-e1eb-11e5-a3c8-992faf8ec930&utm_source=share_petition&utm_medium=copylink&utm_campaign=psf_combo_share_initial&utm_term=psf_combo_share_initial&fbclid=IwAR10_1ZapbTbXyhT7o1UnU49_ht9_P5VHf9k-Idldj60hbiKdb8hBkkaPxA&use_react=false</a></div>
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<a href="https://www.hackneycitizen.co.uk/2020/05/01/locked-up-lockdown-coronavirus-exposed-flaws-prison-system/?fbclid=IwAR0_e3EFn_oV6yc0Rq4aRK7fqAoLjYgE_oFZXMzcBk5fdJa2EJ8dcbbsTUk">https://www.hackneycitizen.co.uk/2020/05/01/locked-up-lockdown-coronavirus-exposed-flaws-prison-system/?fbclid=IwAR0_e3EFn_oV6yc0Rq4aRK7fqAoLjYgE_oFZXMzcBk5fdJa2EJ8dcbbsTUk</a></div>
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<span style="color: #cc0000;">Post date IPP setence article </span> https://www.rt.com/uk/405343-ipp-prisoners-sentence-limbo/<br />
<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/apr/30/self-harming-in-englands-prisons-up-14-hitting-record-high?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter&fbclid=IwAR1W82VqPtfE4qlUYCBnmcFciAEaZV_oOAOHlUKLUrMDBlPwXNIKp0aosK4">https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/apr/30/self-harming-in-englands-prisons-up-14-hitting-record-high?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter&fbclid=IwAR1W82VqPtfE4qlUYCBnmcFciAEaZV_oOAOHlUKLUrMDBlPwXNIKp0aosK4</a><br />
https://www.newstatesman.com/science-tech/2020/05/how-coronavirus-spreading-through-uk-prisons</div>
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<a href="https://www.portsmouth.co.uk/news/crime/prisoner-found-waterlooville-flat-after-walking-out-hmp-ford-told-police-hed-had-enough-2609019">https://www.portsmouth.co.uk/news/crime/prisoner-found-waterlooville-flat-after-walking-out-hmp-ford-told-police-hed-had-enough-2609019</a></div>
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katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-43661794699083615932020-04-27T13:34:00.002+01:002020-04-27T13:42:27.117+01:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br /></div>
katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-46879450862328922282020-04-27T13:33:00.001+01:002020-04-27T13:49:00.617+01:00Ministers’ whole policy is said to seek to contain infection however the lords are debating that the Ministers communication and action is poor. Prisoners are literally been left to die. Will the army be Necessary for the task <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "neue haas grotesk text" , "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 1.25rem; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.7; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "lora" , "georgia" , serif; font-size: 17.93px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "neue haas grotesk display" , "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 3.12rem; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.3; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Prisoner Uses Smuggled Cellphone to Beg for Help With Coronavirus on Facebook Live</span><br />
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Prisoners are warning will be fighting
for our health, our life!</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">That we will be banging on the doors
of our cells until we are listened too.</span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> 27th April 2020 for 3 weeks. "Shouting out, HELP US!</span></span></span>,</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
<b>They
literally leaving us in here to die," </b></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">soon the exercise yard will
have tents set up to store the bodies of those who have died
from COVID-19.</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">On
the 9th of March, two weeks before the UK went into coronavirus lock down, a
magistrate remanded one man to <a href="https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/939mmd/prisoners-tell-us-why-theyre-scared-about-coronavirus-in-jail" target="_blank">prison</a> on suspicion of committing a crime. By
the time the man in his fifties, Jason,* entered Pentonville prison that
evening, the UK was dealing with 319 cases of coronavirus, which the chief
medical adviser warned was spreading "really quite fast".</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">They
literally leaving us in here to die," soon the exercise yard will
have tents set up to store the bodies of those who have died
from COVID-19. Futher it is felt the coronavirus is being under- reported due to diffrent computer system.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Each day there is daily government Media updates & debates on Covid but</span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> why are the front line <i>Prison staff</i> , <i>Prisoners</i> and figures not being mention in these debates? Is there not anyone out there to speak up for us. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">While
citizens are now being advised to self-isolate and avoid mass gatherings,
individuals currently serving custodial prison sentences find themselves in an
even stranger set of circumstances than usual. A report from the London School
of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine has warned that prisons are the perfect
petri-dishes for the disease to spread, and <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/18/first-uk-prisoner-with-covid-19-confirmed-at-strangeways-manchester" target="_blank">more than 300 coronavirus case in a UK prison</a> was
confirmed.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">With
the severity of the <a href="https://www.vice.com/en_uk/topic/covid-19" target="_blank">COVID-19 outbreak</a> escalating on an daily basis, the
atmosphere inside tangibly on edge.But what about the apparent lack of hygiene
inside, won’t this make it more likely that if one person gets infected it will
spread quickly?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">cramped
quarters inside, make it impossible to practice social distancing.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">IPP
prisoners alike are resorting to defecating in buckets, and families fear for
their safety, as the prison system struggles to cope with the strain of the
pandemic.</span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The cramped
quarters inside, make it impossible to practice social distancing.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<b>
</b><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">They literally leaving us in here to die," </span></b></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">IPP
prisoners alike are resorting to defecating in buckets, and families fear for
their safety, as the prison system struggles to cope with the strain of the
pandemic.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">On
the 9th of March, two weeks before the UK went into coronavirus lockdown, a
magistrate remanded a man to <a href="https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/939mmd/prisoners-tell-us-why-theyre-scared-about-coronavirus-in-jail" target="_blank">prison</a> on suspicion of committing burglary. By the time the
man in his fifties, Jason,* entered Pentonville prison that evening, the UK was
dealing with 319 cases of coronavirus, which the chief medical adviser warned
was spreading "really quite fast". </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Jason
was classed as a "red band" or trusted prisoner, and put to work
deep-cleaning Pentonville to guard against the virus. On the 25th of March,
Jason's cellmate started coughing, turning red from the exertion. Jason alerted
prison staff, but they didn't separate the cellmates until two days later, by
which point Jason was also sick. Pentonville staff moved them to separate cells
on J-wing, which was full of suspected cases of coronavirus. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Jason
is an asthmatic with underlying heart and lung problems. Two days before he was
isolated, he had asked prison staff for his prescription inhaler as his old one
had run out, but was told a replacement wasn't due until the 9th of April.
Lying in his cell on J-wing, Jason struggled for breath – a prison nurse had
told him he didn't have much air capacity, but when he begged a prison officer
again for his inhaler he was told: "Fuck off, it's not a hotel."</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">"I
felt scared, because my lungs aren't good anyway, and I had the symptoms of
coronavirus," Jason says. "I was frightened because coronavirus
attacks the lungs, and I couldn't breathe, and I needed my inhaler."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> "Once
you have suspected coronavirus, they're frightened"</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">After
six days of this, following a complaint Jason's partner made to NHS England, a
member of the healthcare staff came into his cell and threw him an inhaler, the
same way prison officers had been throwing him his evening bag of food.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">"The
whole thing, the way they treated us, is fear-based," Jason says.
"Once you're on that wing, once you have suspected coronavirus, they're frightened
– two officers died… They don't want to talk to you, they just want you to shut
up, be in there and get well or die."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">On
the 9th of April, after two weeks in isolation, Jason was moved to a bigger
wing that Pentonville was using for suspected coronavirus patients. The
electricity was off and there was no phone in his cell, so Jason couldn't call
his partner, who had been his lifeline throughout his battle with what he
thinks was coronavirus.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Requests
to an officer for a phone call went ignored. "I just felt despair,"
Jason says. "Because I tried to talk to him and he just wouldn't have
it." That evening, Jason attempted to hang himself but was found and cut
down by an officer. The next day, Pentonville returned him to "general population",
where the majority of prisoners are. Despite repeated requests, officers on
general population didn't give Jason his antidepressants, telling him he'd have
to wait until the next day. On the 14th of April, due to his partner's
ceaseless efforts, a judge released Jason on bail. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">"It's
been hard, really hard, to readjust," Jason says. "All of a sudden
I've got all this space and no one being horrible to me, and someone being nice
to me, and I can't take that sometimes." Jason and his partner are now
preparing for his trial in June, and Jason is clear that he feels remorse for
what he has done. "Just because I'm guilty," he adds, "doesn’t
mean I should be dehumanised."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">As
Liberty Investigates <a href="https://libertyinvestigates.org.uk/articles/government-ignored-its-own-pre-pandemic-prison-advice/" target="_blank">has found</a>, the coronavirus pandemic poses a unique threat
to the UK's overcrowded prison estate. Crumbling infrastructure and staff
shortages have made it difficult to keep prisoners apart or put everyone in
single-cell accommodation. Prisoners say they have not been issued with basic
sanitation supplies, while staff walk around without adequate PPE. Most of the
closed prison estate is now operating on a 23.5-hour lockdown, something
usually seen in the case of riots, which blow over far faster than a viral
outbreak. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">For the 30 minutes they have out of their cells, prisoners can
usually shower and make a phone call, or exercise. Some say they've been kept
locked up for 48 hours at a time, while those without toilets in their cells
are resorting to defecating in buckets. As of the 20th of April, 287 prisoners
had tested positive for the virus across 65 prisons, as had 217 staff across 54
prisons. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
Ministry of Justice does not provide figures for individual prisons, but in
late March Pentonville told Jason's partner that they were dealing with 19
suspected cases of coronavirus – although Jason says he thinks more prisoners
were sick than that. Jason says he and his cellmate were never tested for the
virus, and he isn't aware of other tests being done. Pentonville also told
Jason's partner that they didn’t have any tests. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Jason
says that although there are good officers in Pentonville, "We were in the
dark and we needed to know what was happening. We were making standard queries,
but [the officers] got flustered, they just left you in [the isolation cells].
It felt as if we were being punished."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This
uncertainty is being felt throughout the prison estate. Families of prisoners
say that the restrictive lockdown, coupled with the cancellation of visits, is
causing their loved ones stress and anxiety, worsened by their fear of contracting
the virus.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Charlotte
Henry's brother, Alex Henry, is serving 19 years in HMP Whitemoor under the
courts' now-discredited interpretation of joint enterprise. Until the 3rd
April, Alex was being asked to shower with other prisoners in a shared stall, despite
Whitemoor having at least one suspected case of coronavirus. He chooses to
spend his 30 minutes out of his cell speaking to Charlotte and having a shower,
although he tells her the phones aren't sanitised between uses and that
officers have told prisoners to do it themselves. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">"He
was given [15] Dettol wipes two weeks ago by the prison," Charlotte says.
"Any other form of soap or detergent he has to buy from his own spend, but
the canteen they order from has run out."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
greatest anxiety, from both families and prisoners, centres around prison
officers who may inadvertently bring the virus into work. Prisoners say
officers are not wearing protective equipment, are not observing social
distancing and are not sanitising themselves adequately after interacting with
suspected coronavirus cases. Anxiety among prisoners may be increasing. At HMP
Manchester, a man with a history of self-harm cut his throat in what he said
was a protest at how the institution was responding to coronavirus. After
medical treatment, the man recovered.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Across
the country, prison officers, for their part, say they feel burned out. A
prison officer at one prison – who asked to remain anonymous, as officers are
asked to sign confidentiality agreements – said they understood prisoners'
fears, but that "it's simply not practical, at all, to socially distance
in the spaces that we're trying to work in… There's a lot of stuff that we
simply just – we can’t stop searching people's cells, we can't stop doing a lot
of the stuff that people [are complaining about]."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
officer adds that their workload has drastically increased since prisoners can
only be taken out of their cells in small groups. "A lot of people are
feeling an element of burnout," the officer says.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Although
officers have been issued goggles, masks, aprons and gloves to wear when
working with sick prisoners, they don't wear them around healthy prisoners in
case it provokes anxiety or resentment that only the officers have PPE. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">"It
is the staff who are bringing [coronavirus] in," the officer says.
"Our first few cases were on units where [the prisoners] don't interact
with anybody. The people they meet with on a regular basis are the staff… But
there's nothing we can do to minimise that contact."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">he
officer is clear that they are doing all they can to prevent the spread of the
virus, but acknowledges the current situation is dangerous for prisoners. A
colleague, the officer says, was handcuffed to a prisoner with coronavirus to
take them for medical treatment, and then returned to the main prison to
continue work.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
officer says not enough is being done to protect staff. They say the prison
they work at issued guidance to officers stating that they cannot self-isolate
unless they are showing symptoms, despite the possibility of people being
infectious before symptoms begin. The officer says that staff who are high risk
were asked not to self-isolate. Staff who had already done so, whether to
protect themselves or high-risk family members, were told to return to work.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Mark
Fairhurst, National Chair of the Prison Officers' Association, says that
testing for staff is now available, after the government announced it was
increasing testing for frontline workers on the 17th of April. He adds that all
prisoners who are showing symptoms of coronavirus should receive testing.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">But
Fairhurst acknowledged some of the concerns the prison officer expressed.
"Staff within prisons are following all Public Health England guidelines
on the use of PPE," </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">he says. "Although staff would like to routinely
wear PPE, especially face masks, they are being informed by both PHE and their
managers that this is not necessary as a routine procedure."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
main safety measure prisons have taken is to keep prisoners in their cells for
as long as possible, with Whitemoor – where Alex Henry is – implementing a
24-hour lockdown between the 3rd and 10th of April. But lockdown, however
sensible, brings its own challenges, particularly for prisons which were
already struggling before the pandemic. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">In
2019, the Independent Monitoring Board for Long Lartin, a prison in
Worcestershire, <a href="https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/imb-prod-storage-1ocod6bqky0vo/uploads/2019/05/Annual-Report-2019-final-publ-May-2019.pdf" target="_blank">wrote that</a> accommodation for around half of the prisoners
lacked "running water and sanitation, falling below modern standards of
decency". Under lockdown, these sanitation issues have worsened. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">A
former prisoner – who asked to remain anonymous, as he is serving the remainder
of his sentence in the community and does not want to jeopardise this – said
that a friend at HMP Long Lartin told him they are having to push a button to
be taken to use the toilet, since they don't have them in their cells. This
procedure is normally used in Long Lartin at night, but under lockdown it has
become the norm. As a result, some prisoners are having to wait hours to be
allowed to relieve themselves. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">They
have to use a bucket, if it's an emergency," the source says.
"[Without sinks], if they have [bottled] water, it's either a choice
between drinking that water or using that water to wash their hands." The
situation, the source says, is taking its toll on the prisoner they know.
"He feels oppressed... He feels powerless. He's not being given any equipment,
any extra sanitation, he's not even got the basics he was getting before. It's
really affecting him mentally."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">In
an emailed statement, a spokesperson for the Prison Service said it is trying
to alleviate mental health problems by providing secure phones to prisoners at
55 prisons, which will include access to services such as the Samaritans. The
spokesperson also said that support, in the form of in-cell worship, exercise
and managing anxiety, will be provided.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
spokesperson added: "We have robust and flexible plans in place [to] keep
prisoners, staff and the wider public safe based on the latest advice from
Public Health England. Personal protective equipment is being provided to
officers, and all prisons have the soap and cleaning materials they need."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Although
some prisoners, like Alex Henry, say they need better hygiene options, it has
become more difficult for them to make complaints. Due to coronavirus, the
Independent Monitoring Boards are having to monitor prisons remotely, with the
possibility of limited visits, while the Prisons and Probation Ombudsman is
unable to deal with complaints escalated to it that have been sent by mail. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">(In
a written statement, the Ombudsman said it has made prisoners aware of this
through prison radio and in-cell televisions, and that it is still handling
complaints left via its voicemail service.) The prison officer Liberty
Investigates spoke to added that staff's increased workload means they have
less time for paperwork, and so certain things, which might include adding a
family member's phone number to a prisoner’s list of approved calls, have
started to slip. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">"During
these difficult times we have to prioritise essential tasks," Fairhurst
says. "It is inevitable that some admin tasks will not be prioritised, but
it is vital that, wherever possible, prisoners access showers, phones and
exercise in the open air. The most vulnerable will still be assessed and
catered for despite regime restrictions."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
government has made some attempts to address the situation in prisons. In early
April it said it would give early release to 4,000 low-risk prisoners, although
this scheme has now been suspended after six people were mistakenly released.
It is due to resume this week. The government has also said it will build 500
temporary cells to get more prisoners into single-cell accommodation, starting
with prisons that lack in-cell sanitation, hold a large number of vulnerable
prisoners and have the highest number of shared cells. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">But
Phil Martin, a former prisoner who now campaigns for more offender
rehabilitation to reduce reoffending, says these efforts are minimal given the
UK's prison population amounts to over 80,000 people. "[The offer to]
house 500 prisoners won't make any difference at all," he says. "The
officers are too thinly-stretched, they won't be able to get off the wings [to
the temporary cells] and give them any sort of meaningful exercise, showers or
phone calls or, most importantly, answer alarm calls." (A spokesperson for
the Prison Service said the temporary cells "will be monitored by staff,
as normal".)<br />
<br />
The rest of the UK's prison population is likely to be under lockdown for
several weeks yet, prompting concerns about the possible effects. Already,
there have been prison riots over coronavirus responses at prisons in the US,
Colombia, Iran and Indonesia. But Elliot Murawski, a former prisoner, says
there is a bigger issue than riots. Murawski, along with his partner Lisa
Selby, runs the <a href="https://www.instagram.com/bluebaglife/" target="_blank">Instagram</a>
and Twitter accounts <a href="https://twitter.com/bluebaglife" target="_blank">@bluebaglife</a>,
which <a href="https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/g5xekw/blue-bag-life-instagram-prison-heroin" target="_blank">detail conditions in UK prisons</a> as well as addiction and
mental health issues. He says he is more concerned about what will happen once
people's sentences are up. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">"People
might be quick to say, 'Why should we care about the prisoners in this current
crisis, everyone is struggling,' but actually… [if] you treat people a certain
way... the majority of prisoners will be released from prison… If they're
spending their whole sentence in these conditions, then, inevitably, they're
going to carry those hostilities and resentments back out of the gate with
them."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Comment </span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/gianna.biamontibello?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTQ0MjIyMDc4OTUwNTAyXzI5NDQyNTEzMjg5NDc1Nzc%3D"><span style="color: blue;">Biamonti-bello</span></a> It’s the least resourced that will
suffer the most it’s really immoral</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/toni.dwyer.39?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTQ0MjIyMDc4OTUwNTAyXzI5NDQzMjQ5NTg5NDAyMTQ%3D"><span style="color: blue;">wyer</span></a> Absolutely disgusting..have hears first hand
how some officers are treating the lads like they have the plague..not right
and not fair</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/joan.inskip.7?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTQ0MjIyMDc4OTUwNTAyXzI5NDY2MTEwODIwNDQ5MzU%3D"><span style="color: blue;">nskip</span></a> I was told yesterday there letting them out
in groups for exercise and not encouraging social distancing , it will be rife
soon and many with blood on there hands where is the protection for them no
masks or gloves it’s a national disgrace !!!! </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/MrsFionaCrowe?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTQ0MjIyMDc4OTUwNTAyXzI5NDc1MjM0NjUyODcwMzA%3D"><span style="color: blue;">Crowe</span></a> My son is on a wing where he currently has
a job as a cleaner. He has been in the vicinity of an older guy who died
yesterday of coronavirus. <br />
I am so worried!</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Covid-19: Prisons and Offender
Rehabilitation - Question for Short Debate.– in the HCovid-19: Prisons and
Offender Rehabilitation- Question for Short Debate– in theHouse of Lords at
4:32 pm on <a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?d=2020-04-23">23rd
April 2020</a>. House of Lords at 4:32 pm. </span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/?p=24984">Lord German Liberal
Democrat </a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">My
Lords, in this debate the Government have three big questions to answer. First,
have they failed in their duty of care to prison staff and prisoners? Secondly,
have their actions to date been too little, too late? Thirdly, are the
Government’s actions sufficient to safeguard the public from the community
spread of coronavirus, and have they adequately ensured that the safety of the
public has not been put at risk </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">I
thank all the organisations that have provided me with supporting evidence to
understand these key questions, in particular the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_League">Howard League</a> for Penal
Reform, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prison_Reform_Trust">Prison
Reform Trust</a> and Women in Prison. I also acknowledge that the Government
have limited room for manoeuvre, given the systemic problems over many years in
our prison system—problems of overcrowding, maintenance backlogs and inadequate
support to prepare people for release.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">On
my first question, of whether the Government have failed in their duty of care,
we have just to look at the statistics on virus transmission to identify the
scale of the problem. The first reported coronavirus case in a prison in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England_and_Wales">England and Wales</a>
occurred on 18 March. By 1 April there were 88 cases among staff and prisoners. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">By 8 April that number had risen to 177; by 15 April it had risen to 300; and
on Tuesday this week it rose again to 534. These figures demonstrate an
exponential rise and no sign of a flattening curve. In fact, in the last week
alone, the number of cases has risen from 269 to 534. That is six times higher
than it was on 1 April. Sadly, prisoners, prison officers and staff have died
from coronavirus. I ask the <a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/glossary/?gl=35" title="Ministers make up the Government and almost all are members of the House of...">Minister</a>
to provide us with the latest details.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Isolation,
social distancing, testing and wearing of protective equipment are the actions
we would expect to be undertaken by the Government to protect prisoners and
staff alike. Our overcrowded prisons make it very difficult to isolate or to
develop social distancing. By way of example, Swansea, the most overcrowded
prison in England and Wales, is supposed to hold no more than 250 men, but at
the end of February it held 436. The Government’s response is to create three
cohorts of prisoner and to try to isolate one from the other: those with
coronavirus symptoms; those who might have been exposed to the virus or are new
to prison; and the vulnerable group to be shielded.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">To
create the space for this to happen, the Government announced that they would
build 2,000 temporary cells. How many of those have now been built and how many
are occupied? Also, how many prisoners are currently required to share a cell
or sleep in a dormitory? Is the wearing of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PPE">PPE</a> compulsory for staff? Can the
Minister confirm reports of woefully low numbers of available equipment?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">For
example, in our largest prison, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMP_Berwyn">HMP Berwyn</a> in Wrexham,
where 60% of the cells are designed to hold two people—built in breach of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations">United Nations</a> minimum
standards—social distancing is impossible. I am afraid that the conclusion
reached is that, because of a failure of testing, availability of PPE, isolation
and social distancing, and the exponential rise in coronavirus cases, our
prisons are incubators, pumping the virus and spreading it to the communities
both within and outside their walls. For the 17,000 prisoners sharing cells,
whether the virus is contracted is truly a terrifying lottery.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">On
my second question, of whether government actions have been too little, too
late, I turn to the Government’s key proposal to reduce the spread of the virus
by creating more space in the prison system through the early release of
prisoners. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">There is confusion about how many prisoners are to be released: the
Government say 4,000, plus pregnant women prisoners, but we are told that <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Health_England">Public Health
England</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Her_Majesty">Her Majesty</a>’s
Prison and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probation_Service">Probation
Service</a> have recommended a reduction of 15,000 prisoners to properly
safeguard both prisoners and staff. Either way, progress has been painfully
slow to reach even the lower government target. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Only_17">Only 17</a> of the 70 pregnant
women have been released and the end-of-custody temporary release scheme had
released only a handful—just four—by 14 April. If that is still the case, it
gives us a grand total of 21, nowhere near the 4,000 the Government say and
nowhere near the 15,000 the prison service says.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This
rate of release is too slow and too late</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“to
save lives and avoid a public health catastrophe both within prisons and
beyond.”</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Those
are not my words but those of the <a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/glossary/?gl=23" title="Secretary of State was originally the title given to the two officials who...">Secretary
of State</a> for Justice announcing the release scheme earlier. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Has the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECTR">ECTR</a> scheme been restarted and
how many have now been released? Do the Government have sufficient powers to
facilitate early release and, if not, why have they not taken them? Meanwhile,
new prisoners are being admitted. Can the Minister tell the House how many have
been admitted to prison in the last month and how many are being held on
remand? All around the globe, countries are releasing prisoners under strict
conditions. The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Justice">Ministry
of Justice</a> response falls way below any international comparator and
indeed, in the UK, below that of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> and
probably Scotland.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
scientific advice is quite clear: the risk of infection is much higher in congregate
settings such as prisons. The fewer the people in those settings the better. A
similar situation applies in immigration detention centres. By definition,
these people are not criminals and are certainly vulnerable. So, to my third
question: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">is public health adequately safeguarded by the Government’s actions?
Prisons are not places of total isolation. Some 50,000 staff and workers enter
and leave daily, and goods and services arrive and leave. Prison staff have
woefully low numbers of PPE and nearly a quarter of staff are self-isolating at
home. The reduced numbers serving the prison population have resulted in lock-ins
for 23 hours at a time, often with more than one person in a cell. Testing of
staff has only just started, and those tested are a tiny proportion of staff
overall. As the expert adviser Professor Coker says:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“Closed
environments contribute to secondary transmission of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19">COVID-19</a> and promote
superspreading events. Closed environments are consistent with large-scale
COVID-19 transmission events such as that of the ski chalet-associated cluster in
France and the church- and hospital-associated clusters in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea">South Korea</a>.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
Government’s response to the pandemic in respect of the Prison and Probation
Service has been inadequate and lacking in urgency. What we have witnessed has
been too little and too slow. Urgent action is needed to save lives. In these
exceptional circumstances, the Government must accelerate and widen the release
scheme, including vulnerable offenders, children and pregnant women. Only then
will prisons have the space to isolate and undertake some social distancing. We
need a presumption against short-term prison sentences, which do not generally
work anyway. The Government have been looking at this very carefully. Sending
more people to prison for a short time is a double whammy against beating the
pandemic.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
prison estate is now a perfect crucible for the disease. The dangers have been
pointed out to the Government, but they appear reticent to act. This has put
prisoners and prison staff in danger. The Government have failed in their duty
of care and are sleep-walking into a crisis that they must avoid. Prisons were
already overstretched and overcrowded before coronavirus. Adding this crisis on
top makes it a perfect storm for our Prison and Probation Service. I therefore
look forward to the Minister’s response to these problems.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="g144.1"></a><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/?p=13135"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"></span></span>Lord
Harris of Haringey Labour </a><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?id=2020-04-23a.141.5#g144.1">4:43
pm, 23rd April 2020 </a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">My
Lords, I am grateful to have the opportunity to speak, albeit very briefly, in
this debate. I expect that some will be surprised that time is being devoted to
this topic, yet what happens in our prisons must not be swept under the carpet
and ignored. People in detention are totally dependent on the state for their
treatment and care. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_2">Article 2</a>
of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECHR">ECHR</a> places a special
duty on the state to protect those in custody.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Winston
Churchill, then the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_Secretary">Home
Secretary</a>, speaking in the <a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/glossary/?gl=129" title="The House of Lords. When used in the House of Lords, this phrase refers to...">other
place</a> 110 years ago said:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“The
mood and temper of the public in regard to the treatment of crime and criminals
is one of the most unfailing tests of the civilisation of any
country.”—[Official Report, Commons, 20/7/1910; col. 1354.]</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Those
words set a context for today’s debate.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Six
years ago, I conducted a review for the MoJ. Our prisons were grotesquely
overcrowded and staffing levels were inadequate. I concluded that prisoners
were being kept in grim environments that were bleak and demoralising to the
spirit. One can only imagine what it is like now, with permanent lockdown and
disease stalking the corridors.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Given
the stretched staffing, can the <a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/glossary/?gl=35" title="Ministers make up the Government and almost all are members of the House of...">Minister</a>
tell us what proportion of prison officers are ill or in quarantine? I
understand that, as of Sunday, 278 prisoners had tested positive for Covid-19
across 64 prisons. What are today’s figures? If the Minister does not have
them, why not? There is a duty of care there.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">How
many deaths have there been? What are the numbers of prisoners who have died
from respiratory or other illness but were not tested for Covid-19 in the last
two months? Are prisoners’ families being informed that their relative has the
virus or has symptoms? What steps are being taken to keep worried families
informed?</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Given
the Article 2 obligations and notwithstanding the provisions in the recent <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus_Act">Coronavirus Act</a> that
Covid-related deaths are not notifiable, will all deaths of prisoners be
subject to proper, effective external investigation and scrutiny? I look
forward to the noble and learned Lord’s response.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="g146.1"></a><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/?p=25461"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"></span></span>The
Bishop of Gloucester Bishop </a><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?id=2020-04-23a.141.5#g146.1">4:49
pm, 23rd April 2020 </a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/?p=13149">Lord Ramsbotham Crossbench </a><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?id=2020-04-23a.141.5#g146.0">4:47
pm, 23rd April 2020 </a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“has
advised that powers exist that are considered sufficient for the needs in
prisons and for the probation service at this time.”—[Official Report, 24/3/20;
col. 1736.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Yet
only a week later, the emergency release of 4,000 remand and low-risk prisoners
was announced—but nothing was said about probation services.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">A
number of prisoners have fallen victim to the virus, from which some have
tragically died. Like the noble Lord, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Harris">Lord Harris</a>, I ask the
Minister whether families are being kept informed of the well-being of
relatives who are suffering. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Health_England">Public Health
England</a> experts are said to advise single cell occupancy—to achieve which,
the chief executive of HMPPS told the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justice_Select_Committee">Justice Select
Committee</a> on 7 April, would require the release of between 10,000 and
15,000 prisoners. My second question to the Minister is whether single cell
occupancy is the Government’s intent.</span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/?p=25233"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"></span></span>Lord
Farmer Conservative </a><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?id=2020-04-23a.141.5#g147.0">4:51
pm, 23rd April 2020 </a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> Learning
from other government programmes, could the Prison Service not deploy an
ongoing test-and-learn approach, rather than waiting for perfection? Safety and
functioning can be constantly improved in the current crisis, when time is of
the essence. Progress should then help to ensure widespread, business-as-usual
use of the technology that we have all rapidly become very accustomed to using.</span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
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<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="g147.0"></a><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="g147.1"></a><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/?p=25004"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"></span></span>Baroness
Healy of Primrose Hill Labour </a><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?id=2020-04-23a.141.5#g147.1">4:54
pm, 23rd April 2020 </a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">My
Lords, the Government must act now and release women in mother and baby units,
and pregnant prisoners.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">We
know how urgent it is to reduce the overcrowded prison population during this
pandemic, to prevent the deaths of inmates and staff. Already, inmates and fprison
officers have, sadly, died. Hundreds of prisoners and staff have tested
positive for Covid-19.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Women
on short sentences do not need a risk assessment in this time of national
emergency; they just need to be released. More than half have children under
18. What has happened to the promised release scheme for 4,000 prisoners
announced on 4 April and then suspended on 18 April? Can the <a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/glossary/?gl=35" title="Ministers make up the Government and almost all are members of the House of...">Minister</a>
say how many pregnant women prisoners have been released? We know of only 17 so
far. Does the Minister know how many babies and toddlers are currently in
prison with their mother? Urgent action must be taken to ensure their safety.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Women
in prison are also mothers of children in the community who are suffering great
anxiety. With schools closed and grandparents self-isolating, they need access
to their mother. Yet all visits were stopped on 13 March. How can this
Government say that they believe families are the key to rehabilitation? There
are not enough phones in cells, despite government claims, for children to
contact their mother, and the use of communal phones increases the risk of
infection.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Short
sentences are increasingly criticised. Now is the time to abandon them, to
cease sending more women to prison, "especially on recall, and to ensure that
suspended sentences or community orders are the norm.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
Government now have a chance to make a difference: to save more lives, to help
the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHS">NHS</a> and to allow the Prison
Service to concentrate on the rehabilitation of prisoners by implementing the
promised early release scheme.</span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
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mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
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<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="g149.0"></a><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/?p=13615">Lord Woolf Crossbench </a><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?id=2020-04-23a.141.5#g149.0">5:01
pm, 23rd April 2020 </a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">My
Lords, I also congratulate the noble Lord, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_German">Lord German</a>, on this
excellent debate. It has given a very clear picture of the tragic situation
that exists at the moment in prisons. This month sees the 30th anniversary of
the Strangeways report which I made into the prison. I am sad to say that the
conditions we talked about, and which have been clearly stated by those who
have gone before me in the debate, have not improved at all. It is a disgrace
that they have not done so and it was bound to happen that, sooner or later, we
would have a combination of intolerable conditions in the prisons, which in
itself is a risk to the public.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">I
shall confine the rest of my time to one matter, which is remand prisoners.
These have not been found guilty of any offence. The fact that they are on
remand speaks for itself. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">As I understand it, the guidance given to prison
governors does not cover remand prisoners, so they are not included. I also
refer to one specific case that was brought to my attention and that of the
noble Lord, Lord McNally. Like me, he is aware of a father desperately worried
about an asthmatic son of 35, who at present has been remanded in custody
awaiting extradition to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA">USA</a>
at Wandsworth prison. Conditions are such that they fall within the
descriptions we have heard. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">At Christmas 2015, for four days, he removed his
daughter from the care of her mother. He recognises and accepts that what he
did was wrong and contrary to a court order, but he was lonely and foolish. He
was released on bail there, and negotiations took place with him and his
father. What they offered was that if he pleaded guilty he could have a
sentence of only eight years in prison; that is on top of the time he has spent
in custody.</span></div>
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<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="g151.2"></a><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/?p=13718">Lord Hastings of
Scarisbrick Crossbench </a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">I
certainly will, as best I can. I refer to the letter sent to every prisoner by
Phil Copple, director-general of prisons, at the beginning of the lockdown. It
said that they needed to have forbearance, patience, self-control, restraint
and tolerance. He assured them that the Prison Service would look after them
with humanity and due dignity.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">I
made an inquiry of a number of people I know inside the Prison Service to ask
how their experience was. I will quote just three. First, this is from a
prisoner in Surrey:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“I
have been treated poorly throughout the period of the lockdown. I have been
provided with no updates as to what the lockdown means other than to remain in
my cell until further notice. I have been provided with very limited telephone
usage, limited sanitation and no means to cope with prolonged confinement e.g.
education.”</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This
is from another prisoner in Kent:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“No
communication or update whatsoever with what’s going on both in/outside of
jail. Having 1 hot meal a day at lunchtime and getting a baguette … by 4pm …
Basically being told to put up and shut up! I’ve not been seen by no member of
healthcare concerning” well-known mental health issues, skin allergies and
other physical needs—no medical support of any nature.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This
is a final one from a prisoner in Hampshire:</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“People
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periods of confinement to cells with no regime.”</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This
is a massive failure of human dignity, abruptly disregarded. I urge the <a href="https://www.theyworkforyou.com/glossary/?gl=35" title="Ministers make up the Government and almost all are members of the House of...">Minister</a>
to respond with dignity.</span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><span style="color: red;">Continued</span> https://www.theyworkforyou.com/lords/?id=2020-04-23a.141.5&s=deaths+in+custody&fbclid=IwAR1MVb0bZYildUqvudE18RmyFF_fTqintiEdlIbktfqyvb7kqy0LoBWPja4</div>
<br />
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Name="footnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Horton</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Everyone
who contributed (except Lord Blencathra) showed excellent understanding of the
real issues faced by prisons and prisoners both in the virus crisis situation
AND in more general terms. If only the same level of cross-party support was
present in the House of Commons!</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/hmp.grendon.77?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTQ0ODAyOTQ4ODkyNDE1XzI5NDU1MTg0NDU0ODc1MzI%3D">Chapman</a>
There is no shortage of understanding from those in very powerful positions,
but unfortunately they appear to have no major influence on those who are
actually able to bring about the swift changes required, to reassure prisoners
and their families that they are being seriously considered when it comes to
preventing the spread of the virus in prisons.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> I've
got the ipp. I was sentenced to 3 half years. I was a model prisoner, completed
all my courses with in the first 2 years, I had the best most trusted jobs and
I was a listener for nearly all my time inside. I still ended up serving 7
years. I've been out of prison for over 6years, I am in a great relationship
and I have a 4year old autistic son. I'm always treading on egg shells, it's
like I don't have control of my life because of probation. I did try appealing
against it a few years back but the solicitors said they couldn't get any paper
work, I'm not sure if they will rid the ipp for good or wether we will be stuck
with it for life</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"> .....................................................................................................................</span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Coronavirus:
Prison officer, 33, dies with Covid-19</span><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UY78TUfU25o/Xqa4Pm6mYXI/AAAAAAAAiXM/1oNBFUbR2oUZDCkIRq3gavADs1ywNrzVwCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/_111911753_rachaelyates.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"> <img border="0" data-original-height="371" data-original-width="660" height="223" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UY78TUfU25o/Xqa4Pm6mYXI/AAAAAAAAiXM/1oNBFUbR2oUZDCkIRq3gavADs1ywNrzVwCLcBGAsYHQ/s400/_111911753_rachaelyates.jpg" width="400" /></a><br />
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">A 33-year-old prison officer has died
after contracting coronavirus. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Rachael Yates had worked at Usk Prison
in Monmouthshire for about 18 months and died on Tuesday after becoming ill
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Ms Yates is the fourth member of prison
staff in the UK to die after catching Covid-19, Mr Fairhurst added.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;">Prison
Reform Trust submission on Covid-19 to the Justice Committee – 23 April 2020 </span><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 24.0pt;"></span></b></div>
<br />
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">What
we are hearing—rising desperation </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Another week passes, and the inquiries we are
receiving are still dominated by two themes—what’s happening (or not) on early
release; and the dangerous situation in prisons in relation to infection
control. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On early release, the numbers involved are pitifully
small. We heard from a prisoner at an open prison. Of the 500 plus people held
there—all judged to require no physical security in order to protect the
public—12 had been identified as potentially eligible for early release. Two
had eventually been assessed as suitable, and both were then recalled because
of a clerical error. We can only take the prisoner’s word for this—no official
figures have been released—but at another, smaller, open prison for women we
were also informed that no-one had been released. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Like everyone else, we heard on the news that
the new scheme had been suspended. At the time of writing there has still been
no official communication on its website or anywhere else from the ministry to
tell prisoners or families or the charities trying to help the prison service
what is going on. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So nearly three weeks after the scheme was
announced, the people most affected by it have not been told the rules by which
it operates or the process involved. It has been suspended without telling them
or explaining why. It may or may not have been re-started. It is a staggering
failure of communication, not excused by the pressure of the current emergency.
Indeed, it simply adds to the pressure as those people reasonably do everything
in their power to find out.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is a simple solution, so we repeat that:
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>HMPPS should publish its detailed operating
instructions for both prisons and probation, so that those affected can
understand the detail of what should be happening, and the level of service
they should expect. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On conditions, much of what we are hearing
relates to practice that prisoners recognise as contrary to the government’s
general instructions on infection control. This extract is typical: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“The
prison and the government cannot assure our safety. You would not lock people
in a hotel on a beach knowing a tsunami is going to hit…It is not a case of if,
it is a case of when. The staff gym is open and a lady from our wing goes Into
the gym every day to clean the showers after the staff, without PPE, and
another lady is doing biohazard then coming back onto our wing. These are just
two examples of where Covid-19 could spread and could be prevented by providing
some PPE. xx is the first night centre where new ladies who are coming into the
prison go to, xx is also the Covid-19 suspect wing, where they put all the
suspected cases. If I, or other ladies I </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">have
spoken to feel we have symptoms of the virus we would choose not to say
anything, as this is the place people with symptoms are being sent to, it is
horrifying. There has always been a cleaning product shortage for the kitchen
and showers but amidst the corona outbreak, this situation has become a lot
worse. There are no hand towels, and the showers were cleaned with air
fresheners a few days prior to this email being sent. Staff are doing hospital
bed watches, and are back on the wing the next day with no PPE.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The government is rightly quick to praise the
efforts of many staff on the front line. We would add prisoners to those deserving
of praise. We heard this week about a training prison where it was clear that
staff and prisoners were working closely together to keep the prison free of
the virus if at all possible, with rigorous cleaning and social distancing
measures observed by all. But the prison was about to receive transfers in from
a local, grossly overcrowded and dilapidated Victorian prison, and was
understandably nervous about the likely impact on infection control. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is the impact of too many prisoners in
the system. Ministers’ whole policy of seeking to contain infection by
“cohorting” is undermined by an overcrowded system, with around 17,000 prisoner
sharing cells and the practical impossibility of separating either individuals
or groups in a consistent and effective way. Add to the mix the fact that
prisoners are not routinely tested for infection, and it is clear that the
policy is flawed in a way that is likely to be fatal to some people in the
government’s care, both prisoners and staff. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Progress—or
the lack of it </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There has still been no progress of which we
are aware on improving prisoners’ access to communications. The longer this
crisis continues, and it is certain to get worse in prison over the coming
weeks, the more important this becomes—exactly as it is for everyone in the
community outside prison. But we heard this week, almost as an aside in an
official document, that there were no plans to allow incoming calls to in-cell
telephones. Having made this request directly to a minister several weeks ago,
we were shocked at such a dismissive response, with no evidence that the
suggestion (actively solicited by the minister and department) had been given
any serious consideration. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So we repeat our call to allow incoming calls
to in-cell phones, provide generous free pin phone allowances to all prisoners,
and facilitate video calls in compassionate and as many other circumstances as
possible. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Accountability
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The committee will be aware that, with the
Howard League, we have written to the government with a letter before action.
That very detailed letter is attached. We were dismayed that the government’s
response was to ask for more time to respond. None of the questions we have
asked are novel—indeed we and many others have been asking them for weeks now.
They are overdue for public and detailed responses. We very much welcome the
return of parliament, and strongly urge the committee not to return to
“business as usual” for as long as this crisis lasts. Its detailed weekly
scrutiny is essential, and we again urge the committee to request a weekly
public update for your meeting on a suite of crucial management information
drawn from existing HMPPS internal returns. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Whilst
we recognise the immense pressure that justice ministers are under, their
current practice is not characterised by any of the cardinal principles the
government has set out for the management of the crisis as a whole. This is not
a matter of workload or complexity, but of political choice. They are failing
to be transparent, to follow the science or, above all, to protect life.</span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Peter
Dawson<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Director, Prison Reform Trust.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><b>Police
and prison officers tested for coronavirus in NHS bays as ministers chases
100,000 target</b></span></div>
<span style="color: #001000; font-family: "austin news deck semibold","georgia","times",serif;"></span><b></b><br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Police and prison officers are being
given slots in the NHS coronavirus testing centres as Government seeks to hit
100,000 target </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> target despite numbers
remaining static for a third day.Prime Minister's official spokesman admitted
that just 18,206 tests were carried out in the 24 hours up to 9am on Tuesday in
England.</span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">What
you need to know</span></b></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">any
prisoner or detainee with a new, continuous cough or a high temperature should
be placed in protective isolation for 7 days</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">if
a member of staff becomes unwell on site with a new, continuous cough or a high
temperature, they should go home</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">staff
and prisoners should be reminded to wash their hands for 20 seconds more
frequently and catch coughs and sneezes in tissues</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">frequently
clean and disinfect objects and surfaces that are touched regularly, using your
standard cleaning products</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">prisoners
or detainees who have a new, continuous cough or a high temperature but are
clinically well enough to remain in prescribed places of detention (PPDs) do
not need to be transferred to hospital</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">confirmed
cases of coronavirus (COVID-19) should be notified by prison or immigration
removal centre (IRC) healthcare teams as soon as possible to local Public
Health England (PHE) Health Protection Teams (HPT)</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">people
who are severely unwell may be transferred to appropriate healthcare facilities
with usual escorts and following advice on safe transfers</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">staff
should wear specified personal protective equipment (PPE) for activities
requiring sustained close contact with possible cases (see below for detail)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">if
facing multiple cases of those displaying symptoms, ‘cohorting’, or the
gathering of potentially infected cases into a designated area, may be
necessary</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">PPD
leaders should be assessing their estate for suitable isolation and cohorting
provision</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Background
</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This
guidance will assist healthcare staff and custodial and detention staff in
addressing coronavirus (COVID-19) in prescribed places of detention (PPDs).</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
following establishments in England are included within the definition of PPDs
used in this guidance:</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">prisons
(both public and privately managed)</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">immigration
removal centres (IRC)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">children
and young people’s secure estate (CYPSE) young offender institutions (YOI),
secure training centres (STC) and secure children’s homes (SCH)</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Controlling
the spread of infection in PPDs will rely on coordinating healthcare and
custodial staff working with local PHE Health Protection Teams.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Recommendations
made here may also be relevant to Prison Escort and Custodial Services (PECS)
staff, particularly environmental cleaning recommendations and advice to staff.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This
guidance may be updated in line with the changing situat</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Symptoms
</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
most common symptoms of coronavirus (COVID-19) are a new, continuous cough or a
high temperature. For most people, coronavirus (COVID-19) will be a </span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">What
to do if someone develops symptoms of coronavirus (COVID-19) in a prison or PPD</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; color: #0b0c0c; font-family: &quot; font-size: 19px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.3157; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 20px; orphans: 2; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<b><span style="color: #0b0c0c; font-family: "&quot" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;"> <span style="color: red;"> GET THEM OUT!!!!!!!! </span></span></b>
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<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:107%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
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<![endif]-->
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">In
PPD settings, suspected cases are likely to be identified by:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">custodial
and detention staff</span></div>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">other
prisoners and detainees</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">self-referral</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">at
reception screening or through other means</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">All
staff should be alert to prisoners or detainees who have a new, continuous
cough or high temperature and the prisoner or detainee should be isolated in
single occupancy accommodation (for example cell or detention room).</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">If
such accommodation is not available, possible cases should be held alone in
higher occupancy accommodation. The prisoner or detainee should wear a surgical
face mask while being transferred to an isolation room. Escorting staff do not
require PPE but must clean their hands on leaving the prisoner or detainee.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Prisoners
or detainees who have a new, continuous cough or a high temperature, but who
are clinically well enough to remain in prison, do not need to be transferred
to hospital. Regular observations are not required unless indicated for other
clinical reasons. Where possible, any assessment should be done without
entering the room.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Access
to a language-line, or similar translation service, must be provided as soon as
a possible case enters the establishment. This will ensure an accurate history
can be taken.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">If
a member of staff has helped someone who was taken unwell with a new,
continuous cough or a high temperature, they do not need to go home unless they
develop symptoms themselves. They should wash their hands thoroughly for 20
seconds after any contact with someone who is unwell.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">If
a member of staff becomes unwell with a new, continuous cough or a high
temperature they should be sent home immediately and advised to follow the <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-stay-at-home-guidance">stay
at home guidance</a>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">All
PPDs should have a plan in place identifying an appropriate place to isolate
patients with symptoms, preferably with input from an infection control
specialist.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">HPTs
will contact PHE’s <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/public-health-in-prisons-and-other-secure-settings-contact-phe-specialist-leads/contact-details-for-national-and-local-public-health-england-health-and-justice-specialists">National
Health and Justice Team</a> and <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/public-health-in-prisons-and-other-secure-settings-contact-phe-specialist-leads/contact-details-for-national-and-local-public-health-england-health-and-justice-specialists">Centre
Health and Justice leads</a> in response to cases in prisons and PPDs. The HPT
and the National Health and Justice Team will decide whether to declare a
formal incident and respond accordingly. This will support efforts across
organisations to achieve infection prevention and control following the </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/585671/multi_agency_prison_outbreak_plan.pdf">national
contingency plan for outbreaks in PPD</a>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">As
infection can be spread through both personal contact and environmental
contamination, it is important to consider reviewing current infection
prevention and control practices to ensure they follow <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/infection-control-in-prisons-and-places-of-detention">national
infection prevention and control guidance</a> for PPDs.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Cohorting</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Should
the numbers of cases in an establishment increase, isolation resources could be
under pressure. Cohorting is a strategy which can be effective in the care of
large numbers of people who are ill by gathering all those who are suspected
confirmed cases into one area (or a limited number of areas where it is
necessary to keep some prisoners or detainees separate).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Cohorting
presents many advantages in infection control. However, the area used for
cohorting should not be considered the only source of infection. This is
because PPDs are at risk of new cases being imported from the community or
other establishments. Governors, Directors and IRC Managers must survey their
establishments for suitability for cohorting and conduct risk assessments on
the co-location of prisoners who would normally be kept separated.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Cleaning
and waste</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Guidance
on <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-decontamination-in-non-healthcare-settings">cleaning
and waste disposal</a> is available.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Advice
on the use of PPE for healthcare staff and custodial staff with patient-facing
roles</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Healthcare
staff are most likely to work directly with patients with symptoms of
coronavirus (COVID-19). Custodial staff, PECS and transport services may also
be engaged especially when symptoms are first presented.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Those
who are severely unwell will be transferred to an appropriate NHS facility. The
facility that receives the individual must be informed that the patient may
have an acute respiratory disease that will require precautionary isolation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/wuhan-novel-coronavirus-infection-prevention-and-control">Infection
prevention and control advice</a> includes wearing the appropriate level of
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Custodial
or healthcare staff in close contact with confirmed or suspected cases:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Staff
should minimise any non-essential contact with suspected coronavirus (COVID-19)
cases. For activities requiring close contact with a possible case, for
example, interviewing people at less than 2 metres distance, or arrest and
restrain, PHE advises that the minimum level of PPE that custodial and escort
staff should wear is:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">disposable
gloves</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">fluid
repellent surgical face mask</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">if
available, a disposable plastic apron and disposable eye protection (such as
face visor or goggles) should also be worn</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Healthcare
staff in close contact with confirmed or suspected cases where aerosol
generated procedure is being undertaken</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">PHE
advises that the minimum level of PPE for healthcare staff required where
aerosol generated procedure is being undertaken is:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">FFP3
respirator</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">gloves
with long tight-fitting cuffs</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">disposable
fluid-resistant, full-sleeve gowns (single-use)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">disposable
eye protection, preferably face visor</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">For
all staff, PPE must be changed regularly, either every 2 to 4 hours or in
between patients.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">PPE
should be removed in a specific order that minimises the potential for
cross-contamination. The order of removal of PPE should be:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Peel
off gloves and dispose of in clinical waste</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Perform
hand hygiene, by handwashing with soap and water, or using alcohol gel</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Remove
apron by folding in on itself and place in a clinical waste bin</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Remove
goggles or visor only by the headband or sides and dispose of in clinical waste</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Remove
fluid repellent surgical face mask from behind and dispose in clinical waste</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Perform
hand hygiene</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">All
used PPE must be disposed of as Clinical Waste. Scrupulous hand hygiene is
essential to reduce cross-contamination. Coronaviruses can be killed by alcohol
hand gel and most disinfectants.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Information
on <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/wuhan-novel-coronavirus-infection-prevention-and-control">donning
and doffing of PPE</a> is available.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Limiting
spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) in PPDs </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Managers
of PPDs can help reduce the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) by reminding
everyone of the public health advice.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Staff
and prisoners or detainees should be reminded to wash their hands for 20
seconds more frequently than normal.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Frequently
clean and disinfect objects and surfaces that are touched regularly, using your
standard cleaning products. Bleach-based disinfectant products (such as
Titan-Chlor tablets) are recommended in PPDs for disinfection.</span></div>
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;">Care homes have little
PPI so there is a small chance these guidelines will be followed due
to many factors: lack of staff being a snapshot. We already know nothing gets
enforced in prison it’s called reconditions. </span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;">This guideline recites
more for the benefit of the public with little intention to manage. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;">katherine</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;"></span></div>
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Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
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https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/n7ja3x/prisons-coronavirus-response-britain?fbclid=IwAR03-h86nqMWWLQXxRdfMzUVc4aCAtyn2jfZ3nVyL7n5RcgKOP0rvSsrGeU</div>
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https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-prisons-and-other-prescribed-places-of-detention-guidance/covid-19-prisons-and-other-prescribed-places-of-detention-guidance</div>
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https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/z3b9qj/prisoner-uses-smuggled-cellphone-to-beg-for-help-with-coronavirus-on-facebook-live</div>
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katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-61401381234119627232020-04-19T21:29:00.004+01:002020-04-21T14:15:46.930+01:00Prisoner say ring those bells we are united.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<span style="background: #eeeeee; color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 72.0pt;">Prisoners are
warning will be fighting for our health, our life!</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<span style="background: #eeeeee; color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 72.0pt;">That we will be
banging on the doors of our cells for 3 weeks continuance until we
are listened too, </span></div>
</span></h3>
<span style="background-color: #fdfdfd; color: #0e0e0e; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 2.61rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.02em; line-height: inherit; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4;">
<h3>
<span style="background-color: #fdfdfd; color: #0e0e0e; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 2.61rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.02em; line-height: inherit; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="background: #eeeeee; color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 72.0pt;">beginning on the 27th April
2020. "Shouting out
HELP US!</span></span></h3>
<h3>
<span style="background-color: #fdfdfd; color: #0e0e0e; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 2.61rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.02em; line-height: inherit; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></h3>
</div>
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</span>
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: #fdfdfd; color: #0e0e0e; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 2.61rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.02em; line-height: inherit; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</span></h3>
<span style="background-color: #fdfdfd; color: #0e0e0e; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 2.61rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.02em; line-height: inherit; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span>
<br />
<h1 class="section-theme-background-indicator publication-font" itemprop="headline name">
Almost 300 known prisoners have tested positive for coronavirus in prisons in England and Wales - 13 have died. Figures are said to be a lot higher!</h1>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Almost 300 prisoners have tested positive for coronavirus in prisons in England and Wales.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Thirteen inmates with COVID-19 have died, the Ministry of Justice said.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
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</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
As of 5pm on Sunday there were a total of 278 confirmed cases in 64 prisons.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Some 194 prison staff have also contracted the virus in 53 jails as well as eight prisoner escort and custody services staff.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Some 700 staff have been tested and 6,268 were self-isolating, according to the latest available figures.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
A 66-year-old<a data-content-type="news" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/strangeways-prisoner-66-dies-hospital-17985345"> inmate at Strangeways died in hospita</a>l with coronavirus on March 26.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Last
week prison charities launched legal action against the Justice
Secretary, claiming measures so far taken to address coronavirus behind
bars are 'unlawful' because they will have a 'manifestly insufficient
impact'.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Lawyers acting for the Howard League for Penal Reform
and Prison Reform Trust wrote to Robert Buckland with details of a
proposed application for judicial review, should urgent action not be
taken to address the concerns raised.</h3>
<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Earlier this month inmates described <a data-content-type="news" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/prisons-ticking-time-bombs-after-18031167">heightened tensions</a>
behind the walls at Strangeways and Salford's Forest Bank prison - with
prison officers saying it was 'remarkable' that tensions had not
spilled over during the crisis.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
The MoJ plans to build some 2,000
single-occupancy temporary prison cells in the grounds of seven jails
in a bid to prevent the spread of coronavirus, to be used by low-risk
category C and D offenders.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Self-isolating or symptomatic
prisoners and those who have tested positive are put in a cell on their
own, but those who have not displayed symptoms may still be sharing
cells with other inmates.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
The MoJ has also pledged to release up
to 4,000 low-risk prisoners on temporary licence in a bid to ease
overcrowding, as well as pregnant inmates and mothers behind bars with
babies.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
All offenders must pass a risk assessment before their release is approved.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
There
were plans to release a "significant number" last week but the
programme had to be put on hold after six inmates were released by
mistake due to an "administrative error" before being returned to
prison, the MoJ said.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
As
of Friday, the number of criminals behind bars in England and Wales had
dropped by more than 1,000 in a fortnight to around 81,000.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Some
17 pregnant inmates and mothers with babies out of around 70 have been
temporarily freed, Mr Buckland told the Commons Human Rights Committee
on Monday.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Answering concerns that a ban on visits meant children were being
denied the chance to see their mothers, he told the committee more
telephones have been made available so relatives can keep in contact,
adding that he would not be creating a system that "would allow a
blanket release".</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
When asked if single mothers would be given
priority, he said: "I think it would be wrong of me to sit here and try
and create categories of people based upon their characteristics.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
"I
recognise the particular pressures on the children of single mothers
but, at the same time, I think the early release system that we've
created and compassionate release powers that I already had and am using
together with the need to shield the most vulnerable is the most
effective way for me to strike a balance here in a way that the public
would accept and understand."</h3>
<h3 class="css-901oao r-hkyrab r-1qd0xha r-a023e6 r-16dba41 r-ad9z0x r-1g94qm0 r-bcqeeo r-bnwqim r-qvutc0" lang="en" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="css-901oao css-16my406 r-1qd0xha r-ad9z0x r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0"><span class="css-901oao css-16my406 r-1qd0xha r-ad9z0x r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0">This is utterly disgraceful!</span></span></h3>
<h3 class="css-901oao r-hkyrab r-1qd0xha r-a023e6 r-16dba41 r-ad9z0x r-1g94qm0 r-bcqeeo r-bnwqim r-qvutc0" lang="en" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="css-901oao css-16my406 r-1qd0xha r-ad9z0x r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0">14 of 70 pregnant women have been released and 4 of the theoretical 4,000 wider prisoners according to </span><span class="r-18u37iz"><span class="css-901oao css-16my406 r-1qd0xha r-ad9z0x r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0" dir="ltr">@lucyfrazermp</span></span><span class="css-901oao css-16my406 r-1qd0xha r-ad9z0x r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0"> at hearing of </span><span class="r-18u37iz"><span class="css-901oao css-16my406 r-1qd0xha r-ad9z0x r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0" dir="ltr">@CommonsJustice</span></span><span class="css-901oao css-16my406 r-1qd0xha r-ad9z0x r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0"> </span></h3>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><br />
<h3>
</h3>
<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
Comments </h3>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Horton</span> </span></span></div>
<div>
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">By the time they actually get round to releasing a significant number of prisoners, it will be too late to do much good</span></span></div>
<div>
<span style="background-color: #3d85c6;"></span><br />
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x _1n4g"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Kelly </span></span></span><br />
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x _1n4g">Agree Ann still
moving prisoners to different wings if they refuse it's disobeying a
order loss of enhanced had to clean cell himself, left his old cell
kettle, TV, ect got to new cell No shower no kettle tv. lunch
delivered 2 packs of noddles 1 blue ribbon biscuit No kettle. </span></span>prisoners I write my<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x"> daughter's Dad is one. They believe the figures in jail are a lot higher than we're being told.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: #3d85c6;">Logan</span><br />
Through the gate and off to prison <br />
into a world where no one listens<br />
no one cares what we think or say<br />
i dont even have a release day<br />
how is there hope if theres none to give <span class="text_exposed_show"><br /> how can we plan a life to live<br /> if failing to plan is planning to fail<br /> i feel like im stuck in a boat without a sail<br /> lost on a ship with no land in sight<br /> thoughts on my mind night after night<br /> lost in a system with a serious flaw<br /> what listens to people who dont know about law<br /> saying lets put them in prison on an ipp<br /> tell them to do courses if they wanna be free<br /> if we offer no courses we provide no hope <br /> but its just a tactic to win some votes<br /> if we lose at court we will appeal to buy some time <br /> then release a statement saying we are tough on crime</span><br />
<div class="text_exposed_show">
a poem by my friend P.Kenny a IPP prisoner</div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<a aria-describedby="u_3w_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=100009515084750&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/jimona20?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTM2MjA5OTU2NDE4MzgxXzI5MzYzNDQxODMwNzE2MjU%3D" id="js_28a">Owen</a> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">Truer words have never been said <span class="_5mfr"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t34/1/16/1f914.png"); font-size: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;">🤔</span></span> The IPP sentence needs to be put to bed!</span></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<a aria-describedby="u_41_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=100047554927948&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/micheal.logan.10888?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTM2MjA5OTU2NDE4MzgxXzI5MzYzODAzNjk3MzQ2NzM%3D" id="js_2ew">Logan</a><span class="_2ltv"><a ajaxify="https://www.facebook.com/groups/member_bio/bio_dialog/?group_id=322989171073819&member_id=100047554927948&ref=floc2-comment" aria-controls="js_2ea" aria-haspopup="true" aria-label="Group member list" class="f4bffpk3 c61n2bf6" href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/322989171073819/badge_member_list/?badge_type=NEW_MEMBER" id="js_2e9" rel="dialog"><img alt="" class="cv5aopd8 img" src="https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/v3/yA/r/_ZvGTxrlsmm.png" /></a></span> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">thats
why they cut legal aid .. they were losing to many cases and the best
way they had to stop that was to remove the funding for it</span></span><br />
<a aria-describedby="u_45_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=1409095477&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/lorraine.corrigan1211?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTM2MjA5OTU2NDE4MzgxXzI5MzcwNTg3MzMwMDAxNzA%3D" id="js_2mb">Corrigan</a> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">Sad but true</span></span><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<a aria-describedby="u_49_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=100000211626830&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/georgina.morris.315?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTM2MjA5OTU2NDE4MzgxXzI5MzcxMzMyOTI5OTI3MTQ%3D" id="js_2t8">Morris</a> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">Truly awful and sad know from personal experience with my own son x</span></span><br />
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x"><br /></span></span>
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">…………………………...………………...………………...</span></span><br />
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x"><br /></span></span>
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x"><br /></span></span>
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x"><br /></span></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MHtF6zXPTEI/Xp2SMq6nPrI/AAAAAAAAiMs/-x0xIDrnL-cg-D7_Okq8TmWywwaRjK1hQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/AdobeStock_305260592-1304x400.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: inherit; font-size: 48.8px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 0.83px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; orphans: 2; text-align: center; text-decoration: underline; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="1304" height="122" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MHtF6zXPTEI/Xp2SMq6nPrI/AAAAAAAAiMs/-x0xIDrnL-cg-D7_Okq8TmWywwaRjK1hQCLcBGAsYHQ/s400/AdobeStock_305260592-1304x400.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="400" /></a><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> ‘I Tried to End My Life’: Covid-19 Exposes the Injustice of ‘never-ending’ IPP
Prison Sentences</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">When John
Cavanagh heard about the first confirmed cases of Covid-19 reaching UK prisons
he told his mum he wished he would get the virus because he ‘couldn’t take it
anymore’. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">With prisons
across the country facing severe lockdown measures, the government has
announced the temporary release of up to 4,000 “low-risk” prisoners.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Cavanagh is
one of more than 3,000 people serving time in prisons across England and Wales
without a release date, he is detained under a controversial and now abolished
Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentence, a form of indeterminate
sentence which makes such prisoners ineligible for early release. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“Some of us
are really struggling. A lot of us have lost hope,” he says, talking on the
phone from his cell in a Suffolk prison. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Speaking to
Novara Media, the Ministry of Justice made clear they are not releasing anyone
who has to have their release granted by the parole board — which is the case
for IPPs. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Responding
to this decision, the families of IPP prisoners believe that the measures
implemented by the Ministry of Justice, and other institutions, to fight
coronavirus have laid bare the injustices of indeterminate sentences. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">‘The
situation is compounding delays.’</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The IPP
sentence, in which offenders are given a minimum jail tariff, but no maximum,
for a range of crimes, was scrapped in 2012 after being deemed in breach of the
European Convention on Human Rights. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">But this
abolishment was not applied retrospectively and IPP prisoners continue to
serve out these “draconian” sentences, <a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/portals/0/documents/A%20helping%20hand.pdf">despite
calls by groups</a> such as the Prison Reform Trust to enact legislation that
would “end the injustice it represents for those serving it”. More than 93% are
still in prison having passed their tariff date. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">IPP
prisoners are also subject to a life licence, meaning they can be recalled to
prison at any time if they breach the terms of their license — which could
range from committing a crime to missing curfew. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Such is the
case for Cavanagh, who was handed a five-year minimum tariff for armed robbery
when he was in his twenties. In total, he’s serving nine years over tariff,
after being recalled to prison without a criminal charge four years ago. He
says one of the reasons for recall was because his parole officer was not aware
of a trip he made to London, which breached his parole terms. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Most IPP
prisoners are required to complete a number of Offender Behaviour Programmes in
order to be considered eligible for release. However, these programmes often
have long waiting lists or are unavailable in certain prisons, making it
impossible in some cases for prisoners to prove to the parole board that they
are no longer a risk.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">And with all
face-to-face courses now on hold for the foreseeable future, as prisons try to
reduce the risk of infection, the situation is compounding delays that IPP
prisoners have already been facing for years. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“The way in
which risk-based decisions for IPP release are made can miss the underlying
reasons — such as continued incarceration — of why someone might not be
improving,” says Dr Harry Annison, an associate professor in Criminal Law and
co-author of <a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/portals/0/documents/A%20helping%20hand.pdf">a
report into the resettlement of people serving IPPs</a>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“The Parole
Board and other relevant organisations need to make sure that this current
crisis that is out of prisoners’ hands isn’t effectively held against them in
due course.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A spokesman
for the Parole Board says: “[We are] continuing to progress cases wherever
possible through remote hearings and our new intensive paper review process.
Despite the coronavirus pandemic our principles of protection of the public,
fairness and the test for release remain.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">‘I tried to
end my life.’</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Prisoners
serving indeterminate sentences suffer significantly higher rates of mental
health problems than other prisoners and self-harm rates among IPPs are around
70% higher than among the general prison population, according to the Centre
for Mental Health. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">And under
the new coronavirus restrictions, the vulnerability of those serving these
sentences will be put at further risk. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“The delays
to parole hearings will be very difficult to cope with for many IPPs. Being in
prison in itself removes control, and the little control they did have is now
no longer there,” says Dr Ruth Tully, a forensic psychologist who has worked in
prisons and now works independently, regularly visiting prisons to assess people
in relation to parole and criminal proceedings. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Tully also
stresses the impact the prolonged lock-up and being cut-off from family will
have on IPP inmates’ mental health. “Staff should take context into account
[when assessing IPPs],” she explains, “They should consider that a decline in
mental health because of extreme situations is different to a decline in
behaviour that is risk related.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">This context
might cause irreversible damage to those who are already struggling. As a
result of the suspension of parole hearings, Cavanagh’s legal visit was
delayed, which exacerbated his own mental health issues. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“I tried to
end my life on this recall.” he says, “You’re in limbo, you don’t know what’s
going on. The people who have a release day have hope – we don’t even know when
the parole boards are coming”. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Adam Watson,
a prison rights activist, filmmaker and IPP, was recalled to prison for a
second time in January 2020 for breaching his parole terms, which included a
formal complaint he made about a forensic psychologist working on his
case. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">He is now
fighting to stay positive under the new Covid-19 restrictions. “Words cannot
express my deep sadness and great pain at being recalled to custody again,
without committing a crime, facing the prospect of a lifetime in prison,” he
wrote in a recent letter. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Watson
received an IPP sentence in 2006, and served more than three years past his one
year 10 month minimum tariff. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">After his
first recall, he self-harmed and attempted suicide and was diagnosed with
severe PTSD exacerbated by the indeterminate nature of his sentence and the
trauma of witnessing “the horrific self-harming and human suffering among
short-tariff IPPs in Winchester prison.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">After his
initial release in 2018, Watson had been campaigning for the rights of IPPs and
is studying for a degree in criminal psychology. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Now back in
prison he described over the phone how he is being kept in his cell for more
than 23.5 hours a day in de-facto solitary confinement, which is causing him to
“suffer greatly”, placing an even greater toll on his already poor mental
health. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">‘The whole
thing is unjust’.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">5 April
marked 15 years since IPP sentences were introduced in England and Wales. The
Home Office initially estimated 900 serious offenders would go to prison, but
more than 8,000 IPP sentences were handed out, including for low-level crimes,
placing a huge strain on probation, parole board and prison resources. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A report
from the Prison Reform Trust and Southampton University last year called for
legislation to be introduced to “end the injustice” of IPPs who are over
tariff. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">39 year old
David, who asked to use just his first name, was handed a 20-month minimum tariff
in 2006 for an arson offence and remains incarcerated to this day, currently
residing in a Lancashire prison. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“Of course
arson is a very serious crime, and the judge at the time said he would normally
sentence him to five years,” his father Peter told Novara Media. Despite this,
David has been inside for more than 14 years. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“He’s a
lifer. Once they’re out of prison they’ve only got to fall foul from a
bureaucratic issue and they’re back inside again. The whole thing is unjust,”
Peter says. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">With coronavirus
restrictions, David is currently getting about 45 minutes outside of his cell
to make a phone call and have a shower, with only about 10 minutes of fresh
air. All preparations for his August parole review have been put on hold. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“You’ve got
no end in sight anyway,” his father says, “But this is going to extend the
sentence even beyond what it is already.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Alexandra
Genova is a British/American journalist and producer. She has a particular
interest in social justice, arts and culture and indigenous peoples. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Naomi
Larsson is a British-Chilean journalist who covers human rights and social
justice. She was listed on Forbes 30 under 30 in 2020. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">by <a href="https://twitter.com/naomilars%20@Alexandraaa_cg">Naomi Larsson and
Alexandra Genova</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://twitter.com/naomilars%20@Alexandraaa_cg">@naomilars
@Alexandraaa_cg</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> .........................................................................</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<h2 class="who">
<span id="petition-who-to">
To:
</span>
The Rt Hon Robert Buckland QC MP
</h2>
<br />
<h1 class="mt5 nopadding text-left">
Release the Remaining IPP Prisoners</h1>
</div>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> Justice
secretary faces legal action over corona virus in prisons</span></b></h3>
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: red;">Petition</span>: https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-the-remaining-ipp-prisoners</h2>
<div>
<b><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">…………………………………………………...</span></b></div>
<div>
<b><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div>
<b><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div>
<b><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zNC5YClBLhs/Xp2Uf6eAROI/AAAAAAAAiM8/j39LePcqiREGowfTpcLgEXTt2-1ZQeJxACEwYBhgLKs0DAL1OcqycT84jKvYK1KcQZ0VM_xxgBNRwWW__aqSjat75QVe6_JBI1UGyOY5SVPjH4S_Jj6u1P3cJ3ONunIH3gzAdK2UzowCri0H6WPELrqJahtjfbfs6KlxJhNaQmAafFcSWCA7-qzm8_lpMCKaPcJlpD45l4bt8M-DzBMTC8ubwb9SkkFlvlKrMWg7CKuXa10w-sDoriKdut2b0X_D6vzfI6gqXTi_KfTOFaKd_Qew4tR6-9glVxOAdp7ZKxFvNAJZ3u2Cc1BRU7S-prEmV8KwzPzhACFzy2DqQmYKRZ_6OsIW-92LKgmgQ5_zq70_gdo-oQNhYIIuMHdV5Egh9G8AGNSH9WQrvKn_FlSjN7aSM2XyXIGj03P1P-_P_Pf6CGetOIrjXK2LZZYO5GthOdBwtrNmpcxuz0oHiE0GOh59EnX0DqnCG9HUhS7G9Wu3-TsRihXysu24Ja-_8IriioPL1cIoTM4SItI7WphIA_XInZUu0NeaW1sor8yLPJlEtTWCpwe_yiTypNbhPQFUshIEAF2cY8YcpDwSFtz19EvDNm4sKikwLc74uBINVACwrkOvUhfgCPmUQ23QsLcVTDKIS6JX8QYpgUoNXh28w8b_29AU/s1600/_111838295_mediaitem111838293.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="371" data-original-width="660" height="179" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zNC5YClBLhs/Xp2Uf6eAROI/AAAAAAAAiM8/j39LePcqiREGowfTpcLgEXTt2-1ZQeJxACEwYBhgLKs0DAL1OcqycT84jKvYK1KcQZ0VM_xxgBNRwWW__aqSjat75QVe6_JBI1UGyOY5SVPjH4S_Jj6u1P3cJ3ONunIH3gzAdK2UzowCri0H6WPELrqJahtjfbfs6KlxJhNaQmAafFcSWCA7-qzm8_lpMCKaPcJlpD45l4bt8M-DzBMTC8ubwb9SkkFlvlKrMWg7CKuXa10w-sDoriKdut2b0X_D6vzfI6gqXTi_KfTOFaKd_Qew4tR6-9glVxOAdp7ZKxFvNAJZ3u2Cc1BRU7S-prEmV8KwzPzhACFzy2DqQmYKRZ_6OsIW-92LKgmgQ5_zq70_gdo-oQNhYIIuMHdV5Egh9G8AGNSH9WQrvKn_FlSjN7aSM2XyXIGj03P1P-_P_Pf6CGetOIrjXK2LZZYO5GthOdBwtrNmpcxuz0oHiE0GOh59EnX0DqnCG9HUhS7G9Wu3-TsRihXysu24Ja-_8IriioPL1cIoTM4SItI7WphIA_XInZUu0NeaW1sor8yLPJlEtTWCpwe_yiTypNbhPQFUshIEAF2cY8YcpDwSFtz19EvDNm4sKikwLc74uBINVACwrkOvUhfgCPmUQ23QsLcVTDKIS6JX8QYpgUoNXh28w8b_29AU/s320/_111838295_mediaitem111838293.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Justice
Secretary Robert Buckland is facing legal action over his handling of the
coronavirus outbreak in prisons across England and Wales.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Two
charities claim his plans to tackle the spread have been "too slow"
to make an impact, making them "unlawful".</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The
government says up to 4,000 prisoners could be let out up to two months early
to create more space - but on Tuesday, only 18 had been released.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The
government said it had robust plans in place to protect prisoners.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">But Labour's
shadow justice secretary David Lammy said: "Time is of the essence to
prevent our prisons from becoming Covid-19 hotspots."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">By
Wednesday, 232 prisoners had tested positive for Covid-19 across 60 jails.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A total of
96 staff had also been infected so far, with coronavirus detected in over half
of all prisons across the two countries.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The Prison
Governors' Association has called for the prison population to be reduced by
15,000.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-52165919">Low-risk prisoners set for early
release</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-52169957">Two Pentonville
Prison staff members die from outbreak</a></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The Howard
League for Penal Reform and the Prison Reform Trust issued a formal legal
letter - the first step in judicial review proceedings - on Friday.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The
charities said it came after "weeks of urgent correspondence" between
them and the government, calling for faster action. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">'Rise to
this challenge'</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Chief
executive of the Howard League, Frances Crook, said Mr Buckland had
"accepted publicly that the number of people in prison must be reduced
significantly in order to save lives". </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">But she said
it could not be achieved by the measures the government has in place.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"The
rate of infection is accelerating, and the window of opportunity to protect
people is vanishing," she added. "Ministers must rise to this
challenge and act immediately to avert a public health catastrophe."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Peter
Dawson, director of the Prison Reform Trust, said the government's actions when
it came to prison had been "too little, too late". </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">'Temporary
release'</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">He added:
"The scientific and operational advice couldn't be clearer - if ministers
are serious about following it, they must go much further, and do it now."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The Ministry
of Justice said it would respond to the letter in due course.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A spokesman
said: "We have robust and flexible plans in place keep prisoners, staff
and the wider public safe based on the latest advice from Public Health
England.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"As
part of the national plan to protect the NHS and save lives, we have already
announced up to 4,000 risk-assessed prisoners who are within two months of
their release date will be temporarily released from jail, along with pregnant
women."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">But Labour's
Mr Lammy said there were still a number of issues, including inadequate PPE for
staff and sparse testing of inmates. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">He added:
"We hope the secretary of state for the Justice takes this warning shot by
these leading criminal justice[organisations] very seriously. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"Urgent
action is needed to prevent a public health disaster in the justice system."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> ..........................................................................</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In a week where it was confirmed that the prison population in France
has been reduced by 10,000 people in six weeks and Myanmar decided to
release 25,000 prisoners early</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Prison population in England & Wales. On
Friday 17th, the prison population stood at 81,454 – </span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">a drop of 1,875
individuals compared to 31st January, the date of the first death from
coronavirus in the UK. <b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 24px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 24px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">UK Administrative error is content</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: large;"></span>
</div>
<span style="background-color: white; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Prisoners were
mistakenly let out of two open prisons in Gloucestershire and Derbyshire, and a
young offenders institution in south-east London. Justice Secretary Robert
Buckland had previously said rigorous checks would take place before inmates
were let out on the scheme.</span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">There
is </span>overwhelming and collective fear and uncertainty that loved ones are feeling.
</span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">We<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> "relatively low confidence in this Secretary after the deaths of hundreds of IPP
prisoners. And now with the virus the Minister Robert Buckland would
of been aware of social distancing” and the lack of global supply of masks
but failed to act to get prisoners out, unlike other countries We are
seeing more deaths due to this virus , are the government going to hide the statistics like
they did with IPP prisoners,aprox10 years after the fact we new the scale of deaths. </span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br />
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">I would not
leave a dog in a cage with other infected dogs so why would the government do this to
humans. </span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Families are
out of their minds with worry as are prisoners. We don't know who the carriers so why risk one life.</span><br />
</span></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><br /></span>
Bhatt Murphy Solcitors <span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 117.708px; top: 141.475px; transform: scalex(1.023);"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 117.708px; top: 141.475px; transform: scalex(1.023);"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 117.708px; top: 141.475px; transform: scalex(1.023);">Our ref:</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 177.7px; top: 141.475px; transform: scalex(0.984375);">SRC</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 209.083px; top: 141.475px;">/</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 213.417px; top: 141.475px; transform: scalex(1.1105);">NMA</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 246.75px; top: 141.475px;">/</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 251.083px; top: 141.475px; transform: scalex(1.04167);">002471</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 301.083px; top: 141.475px;">-</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 306.083px; top: 141.475px;">4</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 314.417px; top: 141.475px;">-</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 319.417px; top: 141.475px;">5</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 327.75px; top: 141.475px;">/</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 332.117px; top: 141.475px; transform: scalex(1.04167);">8499</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 332.117px; top: 141.475px; transform: scalex(1.04167);">Your ref: Email <span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15px; left: 177.383px; top: 184.808px; transform: scalex(1.02925);">s.creighton@bhattmurphy.co.uk</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19.3333px; left: 117.042px; top: 235.553px; transform: scalex(0.996456);"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19.3333px; left: 117.042px; top: 235.553px; transform: scalex(0.996456);">The Lord C</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19.3333px; left: 213.417px; top: 235.553px; transform: scalex(0.991598);">hancellor and the Secretary of State for Justice</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19.3333px; left: 117.042px; top: 257.553px; transform: scalex(0.990308);">102 Petty France</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19.3333px; left: 117.042px; top: 279.587px; transform: scalex(0.991775);">London </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19.3333px; left: 117.042px; top: 301.587px; transform: scalex(0.993555);">SW1H 9AJ</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19.3333px; left: 117.042px; top: 345.92px; transform: scalex(1.07878);">By </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19.3333px; left: 117.042px; top: 345.92px; transform: scalex(1.07878);"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><b><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19.3333px; left: 117.042px; top: 345.92px; transform: scalex(1.07878);">By Email only</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19.3333px; left: 115.708px; top: 406.253px; transform: scalex(0.995546);">17 April 2020</span></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span><br />
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 118.375px; top: 488.542px; transform: scalex(0.997665);"><b></b><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><b><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 118.375px; top: 488.542px; transform: scalex(0.997665);">Dear Sir/Madam</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 118.375px; top: 530.208px; transform: scalex(1.07005);">Our clients: Howard League for Penal Reform and Prison Reform Trust </span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><b><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 118.375px; top: 551.525px; transform: scalex(1.09796);">Your client: Lord Chancellor</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 118.375px; top: 572.542px; transform: scalex(1.07861);">Letter before claim: pre</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 322.083px; top: 572.542px;">-</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 328.083px; top: 572.542px; transform: scalex(1.09947);">action protocol for judicial review </span></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span><br />
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);"><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 711.908px; transform: scalex(0.943533);">We are instructed by our clients in relation to a proposed application </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 736.237px; transform: scalex(1.00018);">for judicial review in relation to the Secretary of State’s response to the </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 760.575px; transform: scalex(0.998684);">Covid</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 254.417px; top: 760.575px;">-</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 260.417px; top: 760.575px; transform: scalex(1.0335);">19 pand</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 334.133px; top: 760.575px; transform: scalex(1.04494);">emic as it affects prisoners, and in particular his </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 784.908px; transform: scalex(1.03437);">response to the obvious need (which he acknowledges) to </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 808.908px; transform: scalex(0.958811);">substantially reduce the prison population in order to save lives and </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 833.275px; transform: scalex(1.00826);">avoid a public health catastrophe both within prisons and beyond. The </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 857.625px; transform: scalex(1.00261);">announce</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 288.083px; top: 857.625px; transform: scalex(1.00545);">ments of 31 March 2020 and 4 April 2020, alongside various </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 881.608px; transform: scalex(1.01735);">other public statements, acknowledge the need to reduce the number </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 905.958px; transform: scalex(0.925951);">of people in prison at this time but the rate of releases has been too </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 930.275px; transform: scalex(0.946469);">slow and too limited to make any substantial difference to </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 697.883px; top: 930.275px; transform: scalex(0.969673);">the prison </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 954.608px; transform: scalex(0.983782);">population and the plans as we understand them are incapable of </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 978.608px; transform: scalex(0.96901);">achieving what the Secretary of State has publicly acknowledged is </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 1002.94px; transform: scalex(0.971956);">required. The current prison population is some 8</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 631.217px; top: 1002.94px;">1</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 641.533px; top: 1002.94px; transform: scalex(0.994725);">,500</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.6667px; left: 676.883px; top: 1000.64px;">1</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 683.2px; top: 1002.94px; transform: scalex(0.959203);">. Almost 70 </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 1027.33px; transform: scalex(0.998585);">per cent of prisons in England and Wales are ov</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 597.167px; top: 1027.33px; transform: scalex(1.00003);">ercrowded (84 of the <span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 120.442px; transform: scalex(1.0033);">121 prisons), with nearly 18,700 people held in overcrowded </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 144.792px; transform: scalex(0.999717);">accommodation</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 337.117px; top: 144.787px;">—</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 355.133px; top: 144.792px; transform: scalex(0.934846);">more than a fifth of the prison population.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 597.167px; top: 1027.33px; transform: scalex(1.00003);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.6667px; left: 700.55px; top: 142.492px;"></span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 597.167px; top: 1027.33px; transform: scalex(1.00003);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.6667px; left: 700.55px; top: 142.492px;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 597.167px; top: 1027.33px; transform: scalex(1.00003);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.6667px; left: 700.55px; top: 142.492px;">
</span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 597.167px; top: 1027.33px; transform: scalex(1.00003);"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.6667px; left: 700.55px; top: 142.492px;">2</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 713.2px; top: 144.792px; transform: scalex(0.963594);">The risk </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 168.775px; transform: scalex(0.944613);">the Coronavirus poses both within prisons and for infecting the wider </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 193.125px; transform: scalex(1.00302);">population is obvious. The Secretary </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 536.5px; top: 193.125px; transform: scalex(1.00155);">of State has recognised the </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 217.442px; transform: scalex(0.939192);">obvious need to reduce the prison population. Yet, the measures he </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 241.792px; transform: scalex(1.02354);">has taken to date which have been described as multifaceted,</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.6667px; left: 721.217px; top: 239.492px;">3</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 740.25px; top: 241.792px; transform: scalex(1.01869);">have </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 265.825px; transform: scalex(0.949439);">had, and will have, </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 373.467px; top: 265.825px; transform: scalex(0.970567);">a manifestly insufficient</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 574.5px; top: 265.825px; transform: scalex(0.959066);">impact on the population </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 290.158px; transform: scalex(1.00103);">as a whole or on many</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 397.117px; top: 290.158px; transform: scalex(1.00036);">of the most overcrowded prisons.</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 177.383px; top: 355.492px; transform: scalex(1.01765);">3.</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 355.492px; transform: scalex(0.999867);">We consider that to be unlawful for the following reasons:</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 379.492px; transform: scalex(0.946031);">(i) It is not a rational response to a crisis that requires a substantial </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 403.825px; transform: scalex(0.999743);">reduction in the prison population to avoid significant loss of life to take </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 428.158px; transform: scalex(1.01227);">steps that </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 294.083px; top: 428.158px; transform: scalex(1.01856);">will have little substantial impact on that population (both in </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 452.525px; transform: scalex(0.99066);">terms of the overall population and the population of overcrowded </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 476.525px; transform: scalex(0.999337);">prisons). </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 525.208px; transform: scalex(1.01378);">(ii) the Secretary of State has stated publicly that he will take steps to </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 549.525px; transform: scalex(1.01305);">reduce the prison population so as to l</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 521.5px; top: 549.525px; transform: scalex(1.01216);">ower the risks to mass infection </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 573.542px; transform: scalex(0.962271);">and loss of life within the prison estate. It is a breach of legitimate </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 597.858px; transform: scalex(1.01025);">expectation to have failed to take steps which have any realistic </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 622.192px; transform: scalex(1.00019);">prospect of doing so.</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 670.575px; transform: scalex(0.985028);">(iii) </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 240.417px; top: 670.575px; transform: scalex(0.974578);">Prison Rule 9A(1) authorises the Secretary of State to m</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 732.25px; top: 670.575px; transform: scalex(0.975151);">ake a </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 694.908px; transform: scalex(0.968818);">direction describing specified prisoners who can be released in </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 719.242px; transform: scalex(1.00138);">response to the Coronavirus. The purpose of the provision is to enable </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 743.242px; transform: scalex(0.975546);">the Secretary of State to make substantial reductions to the prison </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 767.575px; transform: scalex(0.999817);">population across the prison estate and in indi</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 580.5px; top: 767.575px; transform: scalex(1.00174);">vidual prisons in order to </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 791.908px; transform: scalex(0.962141);">reduce the risk of significant numbers of prisoners being infected. It </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 816.242px; transform: scalex(0.960329);">runs counter to and undermines that purpose to have failed to take </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 840.275px; transform: scalex(0.974287);">measures which will have any substantial effect on the prison </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 864.608px; transform: scalex(0.999276);">population.</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 913.275px; transform: scalex(0.983321);">(iv) The current</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 348.783px; top: 913.275px; transform: scalex(0.980073);">response is contrary to the common law duty and </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 937.292px; transform: scalex(1.01024);">human rights duties to protect life and health, especially of those most </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 961.608px; transform: scalex(0.999649);">vulnerable to the disease.</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 1010.33px; transform: scalex(1.04386);">(v) The failure to publish the operational details of the release </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 207.417px; top: 1034.33px; transform: scalex(0.984003);">schemes is </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 321.417px; top: 1034.33px; transform: scalex(0.975641);">contrary to the legal require</span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 18.3333px; left: 579.5px; top: 1034.33px; transform: scalex(0.977073);">ments of fairness and....... coninued in link </span></span></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
http://prisonreformtrust.org.uk/portals/0/documents/letters/Letter%20before%20claim%20HL%20PRT%20coronavirus%20judicial%20review.pdf<br />
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<h2 class="section_surtitle">
<a class="section_surtitle_wl" href="https://howardleague.org/justice-and-fairness-in-prisons/">Justice and Fairness in Prisons</a> · 9 Apr 2020</h2>
<br />
<h1>
Protecting the rights of those who remain in prison during a pandemic</h1>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
The last Justice and Fairness blogpost discussed how, in the middle
of a pandemic, the rights of people in prison are more important than
ever. Last week’s post focussed on the need to release people from
prison in order to relieve pressure on the system. This week’s post
focusses on the daily experiences of those who remain inside.<br />
Over the weekend, the government <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/measures-announced-to-protect-nhs-from-coronavirus-risk-in-prisons?utm_source=244b0709-9e03-4ec5-97d9-a629f13045a2&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=govuk-notifications&utm_content=immediate">announced</a>
that they would release up to 4,000 people who are within 2 months of
their release date over the coming weeks. This seemed to be a
significant step which paved the way for much-needed further action.
However it is becoming clear that the restrictions and complicated
requirements of the release scheme may mean that only a tiny proportion
of those 4,000 who might be eligible will actually be released. We have
just written to the Secretary of State for Justice <a class="download" href="https://howardleague.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Letter-to-Robert-Buckland-08.04.20.pdf">outlining what more needs to be done</a>.
But even if the government does go further in releasing people, what
about those who will inevitably remain inside? Their rights and their
health – and, consequently, the public health of the wider community –
must be protected too.<br />
Since the lockdown began two weeks ago, we have heard multiple
reports – both from people in prison through our legal adviceline and
from concerned relatives – of the new constraints that people in prison
are living under. Unlike the constraints that the rest of us are living
with, which might be difficult, or tedious, or lonely, but help to
protect us from the spread of disease, the constraints that people in
prison are living under often do precisely the opposite and put them
directly in the way of harm. Failing to protect vulnerable people in
prison from the spread of disease risks breaching the UN Standard
Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners, as the UN High
Commissioner for Human Rights, Michelle Batchelet, <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/03/1060252">warned last week</a>.<br />
Prison healthcare has long been a source of serious concern. In 2018, a <a href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmhealth/963/96304.htm">report by the Health and Social Care Committee</a>
concluded that “the Government is failing in this duty of care towards
people detained in prisons in England. Too many prisoners remain in
unsafe, unsanitary conditions that fall far short of the standards we
should expect.” We have heard multiple reports of shortages of hygiene
facilities, cleaning products and PPE in prisons. One concerned relative
told us that:<br />
<div class="pullquote">
<em>there is no disinfectant, no gloves for staff
or cleaners, no hand gel and the work parties are still moving between
different sections, making a mockery of lockdown and isolating any
contamination.</em></div>
Prisoners aged over 60 are the fastest growing group within the
prison population and healthcare provision in prisons has not been able
to keep up. A Prisons and Probation Ombudsman (PPO) review in 2017
identified “unacceptable examples of poor care of the elderly and dying
in prison” and reported that “there is still no properly resourced older
prisoner strategy, to drive consistent provision across prisons”
despite the PPO having called repeatedly for such a strategy.<br />
The provision of care in prisons has been put under even more strain
by the coronavirus pandemic. We have heard reports of people over 70
with conditions such as emphysema (a progressive disease of the lungs)
who will not be released following the government’s announcement because
they still have four (rather than two) months left to serve in prison.
We have also heard several reports of people in prison with asthma –
teenagers among them – who made requests for inhalers before the
Covid-19 lockdown but are still waiting to receive them. This is not
unusual: people in prison often have to wait a long time to get their
health concerns acted upon. As one teenager put it:<br />
<div class="pullquote">
<em>It’s much harder being in jail now. They think
two people on my wing have the virus – they are not allowed out their
cell but I am worried I will get it and I have asthma. Some people have
to share cells.</em></div>
Another young person in prison told the Howard League that:<br />
<div class="pullquote">
<em>It’s scary, there are a couple of cases on every wing. It’s not safe for a person like me who’s asthmatic.</em></div>
Coronavirus places even more pressure on already over-stretched
resources and make it harder to protect vulnerable people – inside and
outside prison – from the spread of disease. The government need to take
swift action to reduce the prison population so that those who remain
can receive prompt and effective care.<br />
Most people in prison are now spending 23 hours out of 24 in their
cells with virtually no activities or interventions. We have heard
reports of education sheets being handed out to children under the door.
One child in prison told the Howard League’s legal team that these
sheets contained some Maths and English exercises that would take him
between 20 to 25 minutes a day to complete. There was no support with
this work. We have heard of adult prisoners who have been supplied with
colouring books and crayons in order to pass the time. As one distressed
relative put it:<br />
<div class="pullquote">
<em>[My partner] gets 15 minutes on the yard a day
then he’s locked back up until the next day it’s disgusting. He was
handed 6 colouring pencils and a colouring book yesterday to keep him
occupied! He’s 32 not 2!!</em></div>
Most people in prison report getting between half an hour to an hour
of outdoor exercise a day, limited access to showers and handwashing
facilities and a decline in the quality of prison food due to kitchen
staff shortages. We have heard reports of prisons where no fresh fruit
or vegetables are available. A young person in prison gave us this
account of daily life under lockdown:<br />
<div class="pullquote">
<em>They get us up at 7.45 in the morning, but you
don’t sleep properly anyway, your 25 minutes out of cell start from them
shouting you awake, not when you get to the social room, it doesn’t
leave enough time for a shower and to get outside. The day drags out</em>.</div>
Relatives have spoken of their deep concerns for the mental health of
those imprisoned in these conditions. In the first two months of this
year, eleven people have already taken their own lives in prison.
Standards of care and nourishment must be improved for those that remain
inside.<br />
The government could start by distributing more mobile phones.
Severely limited access to the outside world is another enormous problem
for prisoners in lockdown. The prison service recently distributed 900
mobile phones across the 57 prisons that do not already have in-cell
telephony. The prison population currently stands at 82,456 – 900 phones
are nowhere near enough. These handsets will be shared between
prisoners and between cells which is neither fair nor hygienic. People
in prison should not have to choose between contacting their families (<a class="download" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/642244/farmer-review-report.pdf">Lord Farmer’s report</a>
last year revealed the enormously important role maintaining family
contacts has on reducing reoffending) and contracting a potentially
fatal illness.<br />
It is crucial that the cumbersome processes and bureaucratic delays
that characterise prison life at the best of times do not compound the
public health crisis we are facing. In one especially Kafka-esque
example, we have heard about a man who came down with all the symptoms
of coronavirus while out on temporary release from prison. Despite his
illness, he was required to return to prison and had to take public
transport in order to do so. Another prisoner who was also due to return
to prison after being out on temporary release told us:<br />
<div class="pullquote">
<em>I’m due to return to a now locked down camp
where I will have no chance of self-distancing or isolation. I have to
share a small room with another inmate and one shower and three toilets
with 40 plus not to mention a canteen servery with 200.</em></div>
All of this is happening at time when there is barely any independent
scrutiny or monitoring of what goes in prisons. Her Majesty’s
Inspectorate of Prisons has suspended almost all of its prison
inspections in line with social distancing measures and the work of the
Independent Monitoring Boards has been greatly restricted. The reports
that we are receiving from people in prison and their relatives are all
the more important for that reason. Now, more than ever, we must listen
to the voices of those in prison and take swift action.<br />
<br />
Comments<br />
<span style="color: #3d85c6;">Owen</span><br />
<span style="color: #0b0119;"></span>A clear picture of how our prisons are sliding down a slope from which
it will be difficult to recover from. Once we leave the EU I cannot
help wonder whether the government will stop inspections all together as
the only reason we have them in the first place is because it is a
requirement of being a member of the EU. The may of course keep them and
instead not publish the full report. We appear to be heading for a US
style system where sentences get longer and longer and of course inmates
become more alienated with society. Crime goes up not down, crimes
become more horrific as criminals become more desperate. I also have a
real issue with negotiating a trade deal with a country that still has
the death sentence 😔. Some of our EU neighbours have made massive
advances in reducing crime and reducing prison numbers.<br />
<br />
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<span style="color: #0b5394;">kelly</span></div>
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No one is listening</div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<span style="background-color: #3d85c6;"></span><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Kaleen</span><br />
my husband has been on it for a few
years, I’ve joined to c if anyone can give me any support at the min, my
husband has aIPP sentence he had been out of prison for 9 years half years
happily married to me we have four children together, a home, and
had his own business .we were all happy living a normal life ,he hadn’t
been arrested in those 9 years year s .then it all started to go wrong last
year when he tried to get his supervision order removed he w<span class="text_exposed_show">rote
to our local MP who then got in touch with probation officer ,she then
put him bk on monthly s bcoz she didn’t think he should have done this , so
in October our four kids have never been abroad and been the lovely dad
didn’t want to let them down ,when my big two kept asking for us to go
on a airplane so he decided to take all of us but had not informed the she asked him to admitt and he didi she said he was
only to get a warning for it however 2 days later a
phone call from the police saying that they wanted to talk to him about
a car incident, he then he attended the interview and on the Monday he was surrounded by police
and recalled to prison ,it was so important the incident
that they still have not charged him with no car offence are anything, no
parole date nothing, it’s a bit of a coincidence that he tried to get his
supervision removed and probation didn’t want it removed then this
happens, we are left utterly devastated <span class="_5mfr"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/te/1/16/1f622.png"); font-size: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;">😢</span></span></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
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<span style="color: #000014;"></span><br /></div>
<a aria-describedby="u_4j_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=100002422727882&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/lewis.powter.9?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTM1NTMyMTgzMTUyODI1XzI5MzU3MjI3Mzk4MDA0MzY%3D" id="js_3bh">Powter</a><br />
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">That’s
absolutely disgraceful,, sounds like it’s his probation officer that’s
got serious issues,, I’m sorry you have to go through all this . It’s
like ,, does the 9 and a half years not count for anything..</span></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<a class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=100001440134582&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/madamhill?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTM1NTMyMTgzMTUyODI1XzI5MzU5MjUwMzMxMTM1NDA%3D">Hill</a> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">this
is a utter disgrace its made me cry so sad is their no end to the
punishment and mental torture please keep us updated fight this all the
waylove xxxxmy son is ipp</span></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">it’s been heartbreaking <span class="_5mfr"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/te/1/16/1f622.png"); font-size: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;">😢</span></span><span class="_5mfr"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/te7/1/16/1f494.png"); font-size: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;">💔</span></span>a try to stay strong for our kids but it’s been so hard <span class="_5mfr"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/te/1/16/1f622.png"); font-size: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;">😢</span></span>sorry to hear your son has also got this sentence there horrendous <span class="_5mfr"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/te/1/16/1f622.png"); font-size: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;">😢</span></span>xxxx</span></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<a aria-describedby="u_4s_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=1038026764&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/norma.kramin?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTM1NTMyMTgzMTUyODI1XzI5MzU5ODI0NzY0NDExMjk%3D" id="js_466">Kramin</a> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">May
our loving and very caring God intervene in some way to deal with all
of this in a fair way. This just is not o.k. God Bless you all as you
wait on the Lord. God is with you all of the way. Lean on the Lord.</span></span><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<a aria-describedby="u_4x_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=617098215&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/MrsFionaCrowe?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTM1NTMyMTgzMTUyODI1XzI5MzYwOTg0NjY0Mjk1MzA%3D" id="js_4gl">Crowe</a> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x _1n4g">Sounds about right unfortunately.<br />Prison system is a joke.<br />Majority of staff are NOT helpful or nice.<br />My son, currently 11 years OVER tariff, he has served 12 so far......we have been trying to fight for his release for AGES!<br />Just keep fighting is all you can do.</span></span><br />
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<div class=" _6qw3" data-ft="{"tn":"K"}">
<div class="_72vr">
<a aria-describedby="u_53_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=531853485&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/michael.percivaldi?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTM1NTMyMTgzMTUyODI1XzI5MzYxNzE3NTY0MjIyMDE%3D" id="js_4xy">Michael J. O'm</a> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x _1n4g">I
remember talking with Ricky about it last year via inbox. Once released
and 4 years on licence has elapsed with no recalls, you can apply to
have the supervision element dropped which is where you no longer need
to report and have no officer asigned to
you. You can live where you like without permission, go abroad etc.
Most ppl won't get theirs dropped after 4...Ive been out 8 now and might
get mine off this year. The earliest I know of is a friend having his
dropped after 5 years. The 10 year minimum mark is where the sentence
disappears altogether...once you have your licence removed there's no
more sentence, no more recalls etc. I dont know of anyone who's passed
the 10 year on licence point let alone had it removed as recalls set you
back and you have to start the 10 yr process all over again unless you
can appeal it...say uve been out 9 yrs get recalled get out 6 months
later im guessing theres an appeal process so u don't have to do 10 yrs
or whatever. Crappy process really.</span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br />
<span style="color: #3d85c6;">Owen</span><br />
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x _1n4g"><span style="color: #0b0119;"></span>Hi Mikala Killeen, really sad to hear your news <span class="_5mfr"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/ta3/1/16/1f61f.png"); font-size: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;">😟</span></span>.
You have given enough information to enable me to reply. I am somewhat
confused however why your husband contacted his MP in relation to seek
an end to his licence and why he did this after nine years.
According to prison instruction PI08/2015 he can apply after ten and if
turned down he can apply every year after that. It's covered under
section 31A of the 1997 act. He should have applied through his
supervising officer however if he wasn't in regular contact i would have
recommended doing it through the deputy director of probation. However,
I appreciate that this obviously is nolonger relevant. He now sadly has
to wait until he is given his recall dossier, if this hasn't already
been given to him. The test for recall of an IPP prisoner are covered in
PI27-2014. An IPP can be recalled much easier than determinate
sentenced prisoners but the probation officer would need evidence that
his Perceived risk of harm had increased. No prosecution or conviction
is required, we are talking about a perceived danger that the probation
officer thinks and can evidence in some way. So as the parole hearing
hasn't occured yet I would give his legal counsel all the information
you can in date order of everything that had happened in the last five
months before his recall. I note that your husband had a profile on
Facebook so I would print screen everything. It will be something the
police would already have done and they would use it to evidence their
concerns if they were involved. Doing this will undoubtedly help you
remember events as well. A good solicitor will welcome this insight as
it will give them material that could prove useful when they receive the
recall dossier. I would also advise you to be careful what you say to
your husband on the phone concerning events you think may be relevant.
All conversations are recorded and they will use it. Always best to
discuss such concerns with his solicitor but more importantly-</span></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<a aria-describedby="u_4x_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=617098215&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/MrsFionaCrowe?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTM1NTMyMTgzMTUyODI1XzI5MzYzNTcyODMwNzAzMTU%3D" id="js_624">Crowe</a> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">Your last sentence of this post is a powerful one, but how can you "take on" a system that doesn't really care?</span></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<a aria-describedby="u_5k_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=100000919213116&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/gianna.biamontibello?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTM0OTYyMzc5ODc2NDcyXzI5MzUzNDI0OTk4Mzg0NjA%3D" id="js_6he">bello</a> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">The current covid crisis is the perfect opportunity to review these sentences and see who actually needs to stay in prison all <br />people need the opportunity to give back to society and to build up self worth <br />It’s a terrible sentence and they need to review the current ones</span></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<a aria-describedby="u_3i_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=569146290&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/ann.horton.315?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTMyNDQ5MDU2Nzk0NDcxXzI5MzI2OTU5MzM0MzY0NTA%3D" id="js_6sz">Horton</a> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">And
from what I know, the organisation for getting homeless prisoners to
accommodation immediately on release is not working, either.</span></span><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
Regards to prison tranfers<br />
<a aria-describedby="u_60_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=100004428799034&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/joe.b.pullen?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTI4MjIwMDkwNTUwNzAxXzI5MjkwNDIzOTM4MDE4MDQ%3D" id="js_76b">Pullen</a> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">Im
sorry but I feel that's selfish, surely transferring d
catts in closed conditions can relieve thst pressure in the
closed prisons...need to empty most existing d catts home thst
are in opens st present......then make more space for uninfected d
carts trapped in closed conditions who are virus free...</span></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<br />
£80 discharge for all prisoners<br />
<a aria-describedby="u_3w_1" aria-owns="" class="_6qw4" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/user.php?id=100009515084750&extragetparams={"directed_target_id": "322989171073819"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/jimona20?comment_id=Y29tbWVudDoyOTMyNDQ5MDU2Nzk0NDcxXzI5MzI0OTYxMjAxMjMwOTg%3D" id="js_7pk">Owen</a> <span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x">Still way short of enough money for someone who may well be hundreds of miles away from their home county .</span></span><br />
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x"><span class="_5mfr"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t22/1/16/1f61e.png"); font-size: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;"><br /></span></span></span></span>
……...…...……………...…………………………...……..<br />
<br />
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<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x"><span class="_5mfr"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t22/1/16/1f61e.png"); font-size: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;"><br /></span></span></span></span>
<span dir="ltr"><span class="_3l3x"><span class="_5mfr"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t22/1/16/1f61e.png"); font-size: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;"><br /></span></span></span></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike>
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<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">
Beyond Recovery – supporting vulnerable people in prison</h1>
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Adapting through creativity</h2>
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This is the fourth in a new <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/tag/corona-response/">blog series</a>
chronicling the different ways in which organisations in the criminal
justice sector are helping their service users survive the impact of
coronavirus. It is written by Rob Hollows of <a href="http://beyond-recovery.co.uk/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Beyond Recovery</a>.<br />
If
your organisation – statutory, voluntary, or private – would like to
share how you’ve had to adapt to be able to continue to provide your
service, please get in <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null">touch</a>.</div>
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<span class="elementor-drop-cap"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter">F</span></span>rom
running our first pilot group at HMP Onley five years, until just a few
short weeks ago, Beyond Recovery delivered its mental health programmes
(to more than 400 people) in prison face-to-face. This was mostly in
group situations, supplemented by one-to-one sessions for those who were
harder to reach. So, when it became apparent that it wasn’t safe to
deliver our programmes in person, we needed to find creative ways to
continue to support the men and women with whom we’ve been working.<br />
<h3>
Staying Connected</h3>
We
have a small but incredibly dedicated team of facilitators and
volunteers, all of whom have pulled together to explore how we can
continue to help those who have already been impacted by our work in
prison. We all agreed that it was vital to stay connected, and to ensure
that everyone felt supported, despite the Covid-19 restrictions.
Therefore, we decided to write personal weekly letters to every
individual who is assigned to our programme in prison.<br />
We have
already seen the impact these letters are having, with some incredibly
heartfelt and moving replies received to date; some of them several
pages in length.<br />
<h3>
Continuing Impact</h3>
With the increased
restrictions faced by those in prison, including being locked up in
their cells for longer than usual each day, we wanted to provide
activities that would help them pass the time, while also continuing to
positively impact their mental health. We are now creating ‘Beyond
Packs’ each week, which contain a mixture of relevant reading materials,
learning activities, inspiring quotes, colouring and word searches.<br />
<em> </em>The
feedback we’ve received about the packs has been very encouraging and
we can see that they are not only keeping minds occupied, but also
reminding people about the key principles of the work we do with
them. We have received requests for the packs from several UK prisons
alongside those we work with currently, the Prisoner Learning Alliance,
and they have even been requested as far afield as New Zealand, so we
feel sure they are making a difference.<br />
<h3>
Creative Solutions</h3>
We
are busy exploring other ways in which we can reach people in prison
when face-to-face contact is not possible. For example, we are looking
at whether we can utilise prison TV and radio channels to share content
that we know can be helpful for wellbeing. We’ve compiled a list of
inspirational and educational YouTube videos to be channelled directly
to the prison residents. We’re also examining the possibility of
running digital courses that can work within the prison regime. This
will be a challenge but it’s one that we’re willing to meet head on
because we know how important it is for people in prison continue to
receive our help and support.<br />
For those no longer in prison but
who continue to receive our support – the Beyond Recovery Apprentices –
we are now running a weekly online support group in place of the
previous monthly meet-ups in person. Staying in contact and holding a
regular space for our apprentices is vital at a time like this, when
everyone is facing so much uncertainty.<br />
We all need to be
reminded of our innate mental health and wisdom from time to time and
the knowledge that we’re all in it together can be comforting. To that
end, we are also holding online weekly meetups for anyone who wishes to
feel connected and join in with a conversation about how we’re all
navigating life in these unprecedented times.<br />
Once thing is
certain … Beyond Recovery’s resolve to continue to adapt and find new
and better ways of delivering its programmes to those in prison. On our
various team calls each week we discuss all aspects of our work and we
will go on finding creative solutions to continue it as the Covid-19
situation evolves. And, even when things have returned to a degree of
normality, we won’t simply go back to doing things the way we did
before. Instead, we’ll channel other methods of connecting with and
impacting those in prison, alongside our in-person groups. We can see
that having the time and vision to adopt new ways of working is a
positive and we’ll continue to embrace the outcomes.</div>
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https://howardleague.org/blog/protecting-the-rights-of-those-who-remain-in-prison-during-a-pandemic/<br />
https://howardleague.org/blog/protecting-the-rights-of-those-who-remain-in-prison-during-a-pandemic/<br />
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-52334848<br />
https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/uk-news/almost-300-prisoners-tested-postive-18121731?fbclid=IwAR0nexFe88cI77MIp3P1C5VJYyzIqAGzicdnVCYRP43oXjx9q12diX7n9k0<br />
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<a href="https://twitter.com/naomilars%20@Alexandraaa_cg" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0px; background-position-y: 0px; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size-adjust: none; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" target="_blank">
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katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-12748932283446159062019-12-10T17:43:00.000+00:002019-12-11T15:55:50.550+00:00"How Can government get it so wrong and while they dId so there were further deaths. 10th of December, Remembering hundreds of prisoners who lost there life to the injustice of the IPP Sentence. Ministers should look at the impact the whole sentence has caused and continues to cause the families each and every day.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TeXPcOAIwIY/Xe_XEDhfdyI/AAAAAAAAfLQ/TmDSsvx2kbYlrryVfDkACmukqb1nJJi7gCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/melting-candle_best_quotes_cf584f7af_1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="526" data-original-width="691" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-TeXPcOAIwIY/Xe_XEDhfdyI/AAAAAAAAfLQ/TmDSsvx2kbYlrryVfDkACmukqb1nJJi7gCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/melting-candle_best_quotes_cf584f7af_1.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
Deaths to be investigated twenty three have dies within a fortnight of being released.<br />
Deaths following release from prison to be jointly
investigated by criminal justice """" and healthcare agencies .<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">We need an investigation in the UK into "hundreds of deaths of IPP and the deaths after. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-50735550</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">IPP Campaign</span><span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> https://home.38degrees.org.uk/2016/08/25/ipp-prisoners-campaign-update/</span><br />
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
</h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">ECtHR rules IPP sentences breach human rights Art 5(1)</span></b></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
Postdate 18 Sep 2012</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The ECtHR gave judgment today in <a href="http://www.bailii.org/eu/cases/ECHR/2012/1706.html">James, Wells and Lee
v UK</a> ECHR 340 (2012). It held unanimously, that there had been a violation
of Article 5(1) (right to liberty and security) of the European Convention
on Human Rights (ECHR) concerning the Applicants’ detention following the
expiry of the minimum terms in their indeterminate sentences for the public
protection (IPPs).</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Garden Court North
Chambers’ <a href="https://gcnchambers.co.uk/barrister/pete-weatherby-qc/">Pete
Weatherby QC</a> acted for the lead case of Brett James, instructed
by Erica Restall of <a href="https://www.switalskis.com/">Switalskis
Solicitors</a>, Bradford.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Court held that the failure
to provide sufficient rehabilitative courses led to arbitrary detention after
the punishment phase of the sentence had been served.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Court found that such
imprisonment was premised on the understanding that prisoners would be able to
rehabilitate, and the suggestion of the domestic courts that this was an
aspiration rather than a requirement was incorrect. The Court held that no
realistic consideration had been given to the impact of the sentences of IPP
when they were introduced in 2005, and this had led to the problems.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The domestic Courts held that the
Secretary of State had breached his public law duty to provide courses, but
this did not mean that the detention had become unlawful under English and
Welsh law, or under the Convention. The ECtHR disagreed.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Mr James was awarded 3,000 euros
in respect of non-pecuniary damage for 5 months arbitrary detention.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
It is of note that the UK has
nearly 14,000 indeterminate sentence prisoners, more than the combined total of
all the other 46 countries of the Council of Europe. One in five sentenced
prisoners in the UK is serving an indeterminate sentence. The last publicly
available figures show that one in three IPP prisoners have not completed a
single rehabilitative course. There are currently more than 6,000 serving IPP
prisoners a 58% of them have served beyond their tariff dates.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Although the cases decided today
relate to the position several years ago, the position remains difficult. A
2012 MoJ report indicates that Parole Board members (who decide whether or not
to release IPP prisoners) feel access to courses and resources generally
continue to be a barrier to the release of IPP prisoners.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Pete was interviewed for
the BBC Radio 4 Today programme and BBC Radio 5 live to
explain the significance of today’s European Court ruling. On the Today
programme, he commented:</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“Although various measures have
been brought in in the 7 years since [IPP sentences were introduced in 2005,
there are certainly still extremely serious problems and actually a very small
percentage of IPP prisoners have been released at all and so the absolute
number of IPP prisoners in the system is still going up.”</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
On the Radio 5 live programme
Pete added:</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“…it will no longer be open to
the government to argue that rehabilitation of these prisoners was an
aspiration rather than a required.<br />
<br /></div>
<br />
<br />
<b>Prison Reform </b><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="_5pbx userContent _3576" data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-testid="post_message" id="js_27g">
We stand with <a aria-describedby="u_4q_1" aria-owns="" class="profileLink" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show="1" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/page.php?id=223831910973873&extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdK-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARBpH3e7JVaSmOmt-8LFYTI5-PFMg6JlDjcSb9_oNK6eTo8-mw0ndMVAlDwaNVJqloU0y5RWcVmCLjNX%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22mentions%22%7D" href="https://www.facebook.com/BIHRHumanRights/?__tn__=K-R&eid=ARBpH3e7JVaSmOmt-8LFYTI5-PFMg6JlDjcSb9_oNK6eTo8-mw0ndMVAlDwaNVJqloU0y5RWcVmCLjNX&fref=mentions&__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARABYh0Lm_b7avN60baEhnvl6IfP55iVT50WlhuRGPw880o_1SuMcprahXVzxtp34EhYu4aKJS6bV4cum_0F5346QLjhiusbpnJv_xVMtxAoww1nhbYBHxDXHa_-n3Hd8Th2E_H2pN5It15PQ3Rrl0X9uT1lnHg2qSpAw-R1lv3BUN6FcA-sfuH9GZejvbX1BNy2VpmN-AyMPNuBy7P_qlUlvV_O4VBEslWqp7AnhvxUZYBhMLMnavuZq8I9V8imVVybAn_CT68uC677476qATXhapWbMjY-4l4xU5Bzp48vOMtNAElZqp6ZnLpe4uOYwAPX" id="js_27k">BIHR - The British Institute of Human Rights</a> and over 100 other organisations on <a class="_58cn" data-ft="{"type":104,"tn":"*N"}" href="https://www.facebook.com/hashtag/humanrightsday?source=feed_text&epa=HASHTAG&__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARABYh0Lm_b7avN60baEhnvl6IfP55iVT50WlhuRGPw880o_1SuMcprahXVzxtp34EhYu4aKJS6bV4cum_0F5346QLjhiusbpnJv_xVMtxAoww1nhbYBHxDXHa_-n3Hd8Th2E_H2pN5It15PQ3Rrl0X9uT1lnHg2qSpAw-R1lv3BUN6FcA-sfuH9GZejvbX1BNy2VpmN-AyMPNuBy7P_qlUlvV_O4VBEslWqp7AnhvxUZYBhMLMnavuZq8I9V8imVVybAn_CT68uC677476qATXhapWbMjY-4l4xU5Bzp48vOMtNAElZqp6ZnLpe4uOYwAPX&__tn__=%2ANK-R"><span class="_5afx"><span aria-label="hashtag" class="_58cl _5afz">#</span><span class="_58cm">HumanRightsDay</span></span></a> in calling on all party leaders to commit to safeguarding universal human rights. <br />
Read the full letter at <a data-ft="{"tn":"-U"}" data-lynx-mode="async" data-lynx-uri="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bihr.org.uk%2FNews%2Fhuman-rights-day-2019%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR3XWeHuYWXtuuV1-QE6YfZcqugD03UINtDMXi9_wuqNq_O3QjFb3akA0BM&h=AT03LvX4qgWOfUDvQrn7wATwJ-5og-lZmT3a60exgGQnH3vJZJmMFIgqSIkcG1fB10Lyiovw4M-dOJoIsjmHLEw9ban3a7Hy172xRCf5_JxS0_VpIdX2ApiJYW5iCtWzBHtiEztTxxeSp5tvrRkIn23cXjQGj7-X2qLsETgkJEi-FgEknLCEiXD0tc7sBriG5iVS90y8RAyqdHRJgwUMIMclDB22f_AcWBxso9LCjSW6DndrhOWJUBMcwYEmIs3hUdPmSzb3_bPrvy-Yxyp0NqSHFTk5qIhTK1QX1zS-hqMiKT4GmgBcKuyAigcLfjhMII9GvWTgEhkZv3g87k7eYgzHOitpIubS8MKA5MsbMJYBNWrKmHGdb8WanixM9h2fFhclSkxDvrvT3AdImLqpalZ4ay40BIl-LYagCK-DddRykOyUSD_E7imLqLUpTEZGyLrvDjlWIFD_xtLjbPUa3OUVqkvXUCvXAtNzPmfGJWBx0Pk40HwoxdqvhHmFCIm-RE5WXP9XHSBMuyDc4gu96mRMk4BfP9vDNynTI2XHCiwaqhFuewvQT5ld7v47ohIsG5JThXfuh2xwdsRdkSBotuNtbj4_H7eQqhPm" href="https://www.bihr.org.uk/News/human-rights-day-2019?fbclid=IwAR3XWeHuYWXtuuV1-QE6YfZcqugD03UINtDMXi9_wuqNq_O3QjFb3akA0BM" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.bihr.org.uk/News/human-rights-day-2019</a></div>
</div>
<br />
<b>Bad Management of prisons and the long-ford lecture.</b><br />
https://www.facebook.com/wearestraightline/videos/573945896755741/UzpfSTE4ODMzMDc0MTE5NzMwMjoyODYzODI0NTIwMzE0NTY0/?__tn__=%2Cd%2CP-R&eid=ARDl1KHkVlOrtMP2-9gcVw0KnTC5Cp6eAYnLsseGQOryxAOrUMjXJA4C5s4I0cYBRPrOESiSLhO4hLi4<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Rehabilitation Failings</span></b></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
lack of resources meant that even
those convicted of terrorism offenses cannot get the best help there
due to lack of resources such as courses there put on a waiting list but did not
get the help to de radicalize </div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Silke, professor of terrorism,
risk and resilience at Cranfield University in Bedfordshire, has been into
prisons to study deradicalisation and is one of the UK’s leading experts in the
field.The the lack of resources meant those convicted of those offences
cannot get the best help.The main deradicalisation programme in prisons is
called <a href="https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/164177/response/403865/attach/4/HII%20Summary%20and%20Overview%20Public%20April%2013.pdf">Healthy
Identity Intervention</a>. It is open to those convicted of Islamist terrorism
offences and those jailed for extreme rightwing violence.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Silke said there was a waiting
list for the scheme “I’m absolutely sure. I have seen the case files.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“Some prisoners who have said
they are willing, never get on it before their release. Some are waiting a long
time.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“It can have a real impact. It
could use more resources. It is hard to imagine austerity did not have some
impact.”Prisons have been hit by steep cuts and Silke pointed out the impact
this has had on the number of psychologists prisoners could access.The scheme
is essentially intensive counselling sessions led by a psychologist and Silke
said the results are good. “Many interventions involve two to three sessions a
week, which are one or two hours long, so it ties up quite a lot of time and
resources. It can last several months.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>The guardian and the justice system </b><br />
Austerity is the crucial problem.There has been seven justice<br />
Tory
secretaries but none understood and that their misguided polices
have ripped apart the country or that austerity has bred the isolating
conditions that the have produced violent jhadists9Editorial) </div>
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The impact of criminal records on people from BAME
backgrounds this being Black, Asian, and minority ethnic (used to refer to
members of non-white communities in the UK).</span></b></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Yesterday (15 July 2019) Unlock,
the country’s leading charity for people with convictions, published <a href="https://www.unlock.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/Double-discrimination-Full-report-July-2019.pdf">new
research</a> on the impact of criminal records as perceived by people from
Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) backgrounds.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
This report is based on the
survey responses from 221 individuals. It provides new data on the impact of
criminal records as perceived by people from Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic
(BAME) backgrounds, and it draws on what is known about the
over-criminalisation of certain groups. Key findings from the survey include:</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Over three-quarters of people
(78%) felt that their ethnic background had made the problems they face as a
result of their criminal record harder. Around 1 in 5 (22%) felt that it had
made no difference. Nobody from a BAME background felt that their ethnicity
made things easier.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The overwhelming majority (79%)
cited employment as one of the problems they faced. The other most common
problems were relationships (34%), volunteering (30%), insurance (26%),
travel/immigration (23%) and college/university/education (23%).</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The problems persisted for long
periods of time. Although the majority were last cautioned/convicted between 1
and 10 years ago (32% between 1 and 5 years ago, with 30.8% between 5 and 10
years ago), 15% had problems between 10 and 20 years later and 7% had problems
over 20 years later.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
It affects all age groups. The
problems people faced because of their ethnicity spanned the full age range,
the full range of sentences and a wide range of offences types.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
African and Caribbean individuals
were most affected. Problems were faced by a range of ethnic groups, but the
largest proportions were African (17.8%) and Caribbean (13.4%).</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
We know from the Lammy Report
that people from some BAME backgrounds are disproportionately represented at
all stages of the criminal justice system, and this affects both their
experience and perception of how ethnicity compounds the difficulties created
by a criminal record.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Unlock found that respondents
faced multiple difficulties as a result of their criminal record. Most
respondents cited employment (79.4%) as one of the problems they faced.21
Employment was cited almost three times as often as any other problem area. The
other most common problems were relationships (34%), volunteering (30.4%,
insurance (26.3%), travel/immigration (22.7%) and college/university/education
(22.7%). A key graphic from the report is reproduced below:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-1NgVf0Y_Q-o/Xe5mLL-40MI/AAAAAAAAfKM/tMfO2cSTXXwjsiMdlt3e_xrF76Up0ul0QCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/unlock-bame-image-725x358.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="359" data-original-width="725" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-1NgVf0Y_Q-o/Xe5mLL-40MI/AAAAAAAAfKM/tMfO2cSTXXwjsiMdlt3e_xrF76Up0ul0QCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/unlock-bame-image-725x358.jpg" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<u><br /></u></div>
<u></u><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Visible and invisible
discrimination</b></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
However, whereas ethnicity can be
a visible characteristic to employers, a criminal record is not. When looking
specifically at those with a criminal record, combining the attitudes of
employers towards criminal records with the differences in employment rates
between different ethnic groups, it is likely that BAME groups would be better
served by widespread improvements in employer practices towards criminal
records, such as Ban the Box. If employers did not find out about the criminal
record of an applicant until after they had offered a conditional job offer, it
would become much clearer whether an employer’s decision not to hire was based
on the applicant’s criminal record. It would also avoid many of the connections
and stereotypes that were referred to by survey respondents:</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“I think that having a fraud
conviction and being of an African background feeds into the stereotype held
about Nigerians. I have dreadlocks and I’ve had to change my name to afford me
a foot in the door, so to speak.”</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“The conviction(s) should not
have to be disclosed unless employers are going to offer you the new position,
and only if it is relevant to the post applied for.”</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Conclusion</b></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Most people surveyed for this
report believed their ethnicity has made it harder to overcome the problems
they face because of their criminal record. The discrimination faced by people
from BAME individuals who have a criminal record may not be ‘double’, but the
difficulties they face are certainly cumulative.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The perceptions of many of those
surveyed were that the way the criminal record disclosure rules operate means
that, had they been white, their past offences would have not caused them as
many problems. This may be because, for example, they may not have been
prosecuted, or the sentence they received would have been lower and therefore
spent earlier.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Unlock summarises its findings:</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“Black and Asian defendants have
consistently been given the longest average custodial sentence length since
2012. Harsher sentences take longer to become spent under the Rehabilitation of
Offenders Act 1974, if they ever do, meaning a criminal record will cause more
difficulties for longer. This is an additional penalty for Black and Asian
defendants. What David Lammy refers to as the double penalty can in fact be a
triple penalty – the ethnic penalty, the criminal </div>
penalty and then the disclosure
penalty.”<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
"How Can government get it so wrong and while they do
there are further deaths.<br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<h2 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; font-size: 17px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</h2>
<div class="the_title" style="text-align: justify;">
<h1>
EDS, not the new IPP</h1>
</div>
<div class="meta" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul class="post_meta">
</ul>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I
tend to just mind my own business and not let things bug me and it is
only politicians that make me mad with their ignorance, but lately,
these mad arses with EDS (Extended Determinate Sentence) have been
scratching my last nerve.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
For a start, EDS is NOT the new IPP
(Imprisonment for Public Protection). It’s nothing like IPP and you
need to get a grip on yourselves lads. Because you could not even
comprehend what IPP does to the human psyche, and that’s a fact.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I
hear you sulking about dossiers and Parole Boards, like you’ve been
hard done by. As far as I’m aware, and correct me if I’m wrong, but
with EDS you do two-thirds of your sentence and if you behave you get a
parole hearing every 12-months until your release date. You go home, no
matter what. IPPs don’t get to have that luxury and would give their
right arms to swap IPP for EDS. EDS is what IPP was supposed to be.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
When you bitch and moan to people who haven’t even got a release date, you just look weak and foolish.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; font-family: "Guardian Text Egyptian Web",Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; font-family: "Guardian Text Egyptian Web",Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>IPP prisoners
being deferred and getting worse</b><b> that solicitor are questioning whats going on.</b></div>
How often have we criticized government departments regarding IPP prisoners
being deferred over and over solicitor are questioning whats going on one commented on Tweeter my client
has been deferred 3 times.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
And to often people with complex and
challenging needs end up in prison because it’s the only service with no
waiting list, a mental health expert has said. Minor criminal charges often
operate to contain people while the crisis in their care goes unresolved.</div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; font-family: "Guardian Text Egyptian Web",Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">A former director general of the Prison Service has said
rehabilitation of offenders in jail does not work and should be
scrapped.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Sir Martin Narey will say in a speech on Tuesday that research to
establish a causal link between rehabilitation and reduced reoffending
is lacking and short courses cannot fix problems caused by difficult
childhoods.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“The things we did to prisoners, the courses we put them on, the
involvement of charities, made little or no difference,” he will tell
the International Corrections and Prisons Association conference in
Buenos Aires.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Instead, the best the prison estate can offer prisoners is an
environment where they are treated with “decency and dignity”, he will
say. “Decent prisons in which prisoners are respected seem to provide a
foundation for prisoner self-growth. Indecent, unsafe prisons allow no
such growth and further damage those who have to survive there.”
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A Prison Reform Trust <a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/Bromley%20Briefings/Prison%20the%20facts%20Summer%202019.pdf">briefing</a> based
on government statistics shows that reoffending rates overall are at about 50%.
A House of Lords <a href="https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/LLN-2017-0102">briefing</a> in
2017 said that despite various rehabilitation initiatives in prison,
reoffending rates remained too high.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Mark Leech, the editor of <a href="https://prisons.org.uk/">Prison Oracle</a>, welcomed Narey’s comments. He
said: “Expecting our prisons to reform those we throw into them from high-crime
inner-city housing estates, with their school exclusions, unemployment, poor
opportunities, poor parenting and where gangs, guns, drugs, alcohol, violence
and crime are embedded, is an impossible ask when the living experience in so
many jails is one of disrespect and often abuse, violence and filth. It’s like
asking an A&E department to reduce accidents and then blaming the doctors
when car crashes increase.”</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #121212; font-family: "Guardian Text Egyptian Web",Georgia,serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<hgroup style="text-align: left;"><span class="modified" title="Thu, Nov 14, 2019, 14:02 (GMT)">Nov 14, 2019</span></hgroup><hgroup><h1>
Supreme Court rules ‘slopping out’ a violation of prisoner’s rights </h1>
</hgroup><hgroup>
</hgroup><hgroup><h2 amp-access="authorized = true" itemprop="description">
Man was exposed to ‘distressing, humiliating’ conditions in Mountjoy Prison, says judge </h2>
</hgroup><hgroup>
</hgroup><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="no_name" style="text-align: justify;">
The Supreme Court has awarded a former prisoner
€7,500 damages over violation of his constitutional right to protection
of his person by having to ‘slop out’ in prison, and endure
“substandard” cell conditions, over almost eight months in 2013.</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div amp-access="authorized = true" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div amp-access="authorized = true" class="no_name" style="text-align: justify;">
The five-judge court’s
unanimous judgment allowing Gary Simpson’s appeal has implications for
more than 1,000 cases taken over “slopping out” in prisons and sets out
principles of general application to such cases.</div>
<div amp-access="authorized = true" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div amp-access="authorized = true" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div amp-access="authorized = true" class="no_name" style="text-align: justify;">
Mr Justice John MacMenamin
stressed the €7,500 award to Mr Simpson cannot be seen as a “benchmark”
when other cases may differ on the facts. It must be “open to question”
whether it would always be necessary to have a High Court hearing, he
added.</div>
<div amp-access="authorized = true" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div amp-access="authorized = true" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div amp-access="authorized = true" class="no_name" style="text-align: justify;">
In a concurring judgment, Mr
Justice Donal O’Donnell agreed with his colleague it was not
permissible, at least in the way advanced in Mr Simpson’s case, to seek
to blend decisions of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) on
prison conditions with a claim for damages for breach of an Irish
constitutional right.</div>
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The case arose from slopping
out, a practice condemned in 1993 by the European Committee on the
Prevention of Torture and criticised in several other reports, including
by the Inspector of Prisons in <a href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news">Ireland</a>.
“Slopping out” refers to the manual emptying of human waste from a
bucket or other container when prison cells without toilets are unlocked
in the morning.</div>
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In 2010, the State began a programme of prison refurbishment with a goal of single cell occupancy and in cell sanitation.</div>
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‘Degrading treatment’</h4>
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In
his 2017 High Court judgment on Mr Simpson’s case, Mr Justice Michael
White found slopping out over seven and a half months in Mountjoy Prison
in 2013 breached his constitutional right to privacy and his dignity
but not his right not to be subject to inhuman and degrading treatment.</div>
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Those findings were made in
the context of the particular circumstances of Mr Simpson’s
imprisonment. He was a protected prisoner doubled up in a single cell
with no in-cell sanitation and on 23-hour lock-up.</div>
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Mr Justice White refused
damages because of his finding Mr Simpson told some untruths and grossly
exaggerated some of his evidence.</div>
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He also refused Mr Simpson
his legal costs, estimated at more than €1 million, against the State.
He did not order him to pay the State’s costs because of the court’s
criticism of matters, including limited access to showers for prisoners
on 23-hour lock-up.</div>
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Mr Simpson appealed to the
Supreme Court. The State did not appeal the finding concerning his right
to privacy/dignity but disputed his unenumerated constitutional right
not to be subject to inhuman and degrading treatment was also breached.</div>
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Giving the Supreme Court’s
main judgment, Mr Justice MacMenamin said the case was brought under the
Constitution and ECHR but, as the Constitution is the primary law of
the State, it takes precedence over the ECHR issues.</div>
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The conditions to which Mr
Simpson was exposed were “distressing, humiliating and fell below
acceptable standards in an Irish prison in the year 2013”.</div>
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Human dignity</h4>
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A
deprivation of liberty must be in accordance with law and any limiting
of prisoners’ fundamental rights must be proportionate and not fall
below identified standards to protect human dignity. Conditions of
detention must comply with national and international standards which
Ireland has “pledged to uphold”.</div>
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The legal protections
applicable are reflected in national law, court decisions and the Prison
Rules and are based on values enshrined in the Constitution.</div>
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Issues concerning liability
for the substantial costs of the case, which ran for 30 days in the High
Court, will be decided later unless agreement on costs is reached
between the sides.</div>
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Mr Justice MacMenamin said,
while not describing this as a “test case”, the substantial legal issues
had to be explored and submissions on costs would be necessary in light
of the court’s judgment.</div>
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qA4Lcw2Q9V8/XdPJVVDHUsI/AAAAAAAAeSE/cEC2gcwxoDwcXxKHWzTP75oxNgC--aPsgCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/cemetery-eddie-howell-FI-ogf7o2qbsb0yjxwbnuo55cetuciylaeglz9ty64vwo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="501" data-original-width="1140" height="175" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qA4Lcw2Q9V8/XdPJVVDHUsI/AAAAAAAAeSE/cEC2gcwxoDwcXxKHWzTP75oxNgC--aPsgCLcBGAsYHQ/s400/cemetery-eddie-howell-FI-ogf7o2qbsb0yjxwbnuo55cetuciylaeglz9ty64vwo.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Why do so many people keep dying on probation though this is
also happening to IPP prisoners. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">More sad reading</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Last year, in my <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/probationdeaths18/">analysis </a>of government
statistics about people who died whilst under probation supervision, I found
that the number of people dying increased at a faster rate than the caseload.
The latest statistics were <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/deaths-of-offenders-in-the-community-annual-update-to-march-2019">published
</a>last week (31 October) and I decided to take a look to see what has changed
in the last year. In this post I explore the extent to which the data published
by the Ministry of Justice can be used to compare the mortality rate of people
over time, and with the general population. I also look at what has happened in
terms of self-inflicted deaths.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Comparing mortality rates over time</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In 2017/18 there was a slowdown in the increase in the number
of people dying whilst under probation supervision. I had hoped that this would
turn into a downward trend. Sadly, this appears not to be the case, with a jump
in mortality for people under probation supervision in the current year.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In 2018/19 1,093 people died whilst under probation
supervision – up from 964 in 2017/18. At least one third of those deaths were
self-inflicted (one third are, as yet, unclassified and so may include further
self-inflicted deaths). When we break that down by gender, the proportions
remain similar. One point which stands out is the number of men dying as a
result of homicide: this number increased from 27 in 2017/18 to 47 in 2018/19
giving a homicide rate amongst men on the probation caseload of 204 per
million; almost ten times that of the highest risk group in the general
population.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">If we calculate the mortality rate – and so take into account
changes in the number of people on the caseload – we can see that the crude
mortality rate has increased for both men and women in recent years.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mEfRpyLu3C0/XdPKJ10Na1I/AAAAAAAAeSM/W5JSRD_lfMwJQN2Nh7Ga5zFqmfVMlf0GACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/Jake-19-a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; orphans: 2; text-align: center; text-decoration: underline; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><img border="0" data-original-height="561" data-original-width="1018" height="352" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mEfRpyLu3C0/XdPKJ10Na1I/AAAAAAAAeSM/W5JSRD_lfMwJQN2Nh7Ga5zFqmfVMlf0GACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/Jake-19-a.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="640" /></a><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background-color: #cccccc;">There has been a steady increase in the mortality rate since
2015/16 when the caseload increased as a result of the introduction of
post-sentence supervision (PSS) for people leaving prison following short
custodial sentences. Although the mortality rate – shown in the chart above –
takes account of the increased numbers of people on the caseload it does not
account for a more qualitative change in the caseload. One would expect people
serving short sentences – who are now under probation supervision – to face
different risks around mortality than those serving longer sentences. For
example, people serving short sentences may be more likely to use drugs and
alcohol – which is <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/alcdeath18/">linked </a>to
increased mortality – but they may also be younger, which changes the nature of
people’s risk of dying. More work needs to be done around investigating the
qualitative changes to the caseload which have occurred in recent years in
order to fully understand why the mortality rate has been increasing.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background-color: #cccccc;">Comparing mortality rates with the general population</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background-color: #cccccc;">Because the age profile of the probation caseload is very
different to the general population (see below) it is not possible to compare
the mortality rate of people on probation with the general population. Thus,
whilst we would expect the mortality rate amongst people on probation to be
different to the general population (we might even expect it be higher, as
recent <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0033354919879732">analysis
</a>in the US has shown) we cannot calculate this accurately with publically
available data.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Q9auRfW5bfU/XdPKZCjU26I/AAAAAAAAeSQ/c1-Or8kfOZkCeSQGeDQHhUGMMa6Wcg88gCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/Jake-19-b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; orphans: 2; text-align: center; text-decoration: underline; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><img border="0" data-original-height="542" data-original-width="988" height="350" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Q9auRfW5bfU/XdPKZCjU26I/AAAAAAAAeSQ/c1-Or8kfOZkCeSQGeDQHhUGMMa6Wcg88gCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/Jake-19-b.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="640" /></a><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background-color: #cccccc;">Self-inflicted deaths</span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background-color: #cccccc;">These changes in the caseload make it difficult to compare
rates over time, especially if we go back to before the implementation of the
Offender Rehabilitation Act and the effect this had on the caseload. Taking
this into account, the following chart shows the rate of self-inflicted death
amongst people on probation between 2015/16 and 2018/19. The crude
self-inflicted mortality rate for both men and women under probation
supervision has increased. The rate for women increased from 146/100,000 to
200/100,000 and the equivalent rate for men went from 104/100,000 to
125/100,000. Again, we need to be careful about making direct comparisons with
the general population but it is worth pointing out that the <a href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/suicidesintheunitedkingdom/2018registrations#suicides-in-the-uk">suicide
rate</a> in England and Wales is 5.4/100,000 for women and 17.2/100,000 for men</span></span></span></div>
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<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DQ1MmLRqcaA/XdPKvEUX4_I/AAAAAAAAeSc/zi-5TRoHRfYmqIeaZzVKEnmcT0BoJd9hgCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/Jake-19-c.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; orphans: 2; text-align: center; text-decoration: underline; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><img border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="936" height="385" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DQ1MmLRqcaA/XdPKvEUX4_I/AAAAAAAAeSc/zi-5TRoHRfYmqIeaZzVKEnmcT0BoJd9hgCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/Jake-19-c.jpg" width="640" /></a><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></h1>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: #cccccc;">We need to know more</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: #cccccc;">Imade the call last year for more in the way of investigation
and scrutiny when people die under probation supervision. I should stress that
this is not about pointing the finger at individual practitioners: high
workloads, constant structural reform, staff shortages and many other factors
going on in peoples’ lives means that probation officers are unlikely to be
directly responsible for someone’s death.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: #cccccc;">However, probation services hold a statutory obligation over
peoples’ lives (and are obliged to assess and manage ‘risk to self’). Moreover,
being on probation brings with it certain pains and adverse consequences. Thus
providers should, in my view, take some responsibility for finding out what
occurred in the run up to someone’s death, and whether anything could have been
done to prevent it. My guess would be that if more investigations took place
when people died we would uncover a pattern of inadequate mental health
provision, poor housing, low staffing levels and high workloads (similar issues
to those we find in the prison). These investigations will shed light on what
is contributing to people dying in increasing numbers and then we can start to
work out what to do about it.</span></span></div>
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<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike>………………………………………………………...</h3>
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<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">
The latest MoJ ministerial line-up</h1>
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<li class="elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-ba9c996 elementor-inline-item" itemprop="datePublished"><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/2019/07/26/"><span class="elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date">July 26, 2019 </span></a></li>
<br />
<h3>
Who’s who at the MoJ<b><i><br /></i></b></h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><br /></i></b>
<b><i>This post was updated on 11
September 2019 following the appointment of Chris Philp as
Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State to replace the promoted Edward
Argar.</i></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Just 11 weeks after the last ministerial
changes at the MoJ, we have yet another new team at Petty France. The
two senior figures who were positively regarded by the sector at the
start of the year, David Gauke & Rory Stewart, have now returned to
the back benches.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
There was some relief among commentators when
Robert Buckland was promoted from Prisons & Probation Minister to
Justice Secretary; he is a barrister and Recorder by trade and at least
was starting to get his head round the Justice brief since his move to
the department in May.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Lucy Frazer also did a quick double
shuffle. She was in charge of Court Services until May, was briefly
Solicitor General for less than three months and now returns as Minister
for State, with responsibility for prisons and probation.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Paul
Maynard only stopped at the MoJ for less than three months before moving
to the Department of Transport; he is replaced by Wendy Morton.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Given
the persistent crises in our prisons and probation systems, it’s hard
to see that the frequent ministerial merry-go-round does Justice any
favours.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 1rem;">The role of Justice Secretary was only created in 2007 and there have been 9 incumbents in that 12 year period: </span></div>
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Here are my traditional short profiles of the Ministers alongside their roles and responsibilities. </div>
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<h3 class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="text-align: justify;">
Robert Buckland QC – Justice Secretary</h3>
<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 1rem;">Mr Buckland was born in Llanelli in 1968. He went to </span><span style="font-size: 1rem;">Hatfield
College, Durham, graduating in Law in 1990. He attended the Inns of
Court School of Law, where he was a prize winner for Advocacy and was
Called to the Bar at Inner Temple in October 1991. In 1997, Robert
married Sian, whom he met at university. In 2002, their twin children
Millicent and George were born. They live in Wroughton. Mr Buckland’s
interests include music, wine, political history and watching rugby and
cricket.</span></div>
<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="text-align: justify;">
He returned to practice in Wales, most recently
being a member of Apex Chambers in Cardiff. Robert is a door tenant at
23 Essex Street Chambers, London. In 2009, he was appointed as a
Recorder of the Crown Court, sitting on the Midland Circuit.</div>
<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="text-align: justify;">
After
three unsuccessful attempts to become an MP, Mr Buckland won South
Swindon for the Conservatives in the 2010 election. He was previously
Solicitor General, a post that he occupied from July 2014 until his
promotion last night. Mr Buckland obviously has a detailed understanding
of the criminal justice system and sat on the Justice Committee for
three months in 2014 and the the Human Rights Committee between February
2013 and March 2015.</div>
<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="text-align: justify;">
You can visit his website <a href="https://www.robertbuckland.co.uk/">here</a> and follow him on Twitter <a href="https://twitter.com/RobertBuckland">@RobertBuckland</a>.</div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
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<br /></div>
<h3 class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="text-align: justify;">
Lucy Frazer – Minister for State</h3>
<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Lucy Frazer</b>
(born 17 May 1972) studied at Cambridge where she was President of the
Cambridge Union. She worked as a barrister in commercial law, and went
on to become a QC at the age of forty. She won the South East
Cambridgeshire seat in the 2015 general election with 28,845 votes
(48.5%), a margin of victory of 16,837. and was elected to sit on the
Education Select Committee in the same year. She also sat on the
Policing and Crime Bill Committee in 2016. Ms Frazer was also David
Lidington’s (a previous Justice Secretary) Parliamentary Private
Secretary before getting her first ministerial appointment at the MoJ in
January 2018 when she was responsible for court services. After 11
weeks as Solicitor General, she returns to the MoJ with responsibility
for Prisons and Probation. Her full set of responsibilities include:</div>
<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix">
<ul><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Prison operations, policy, reform and industrial relations</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Probation services, policy, reform and industrial relations</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Public protection (including Parole Board, IPPs and Serious Further Offences)</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Offender health</div>
</li>
<li>Female offenders</li>
<li>Transgender offenders</li>
<li>Veterans</li>
<li>Foreign national offenders</li>
<li>Extremism</li>
<li>Electronic monitoring</li>
</ul>
</div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Wendy Morton – Under Secretary of State</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Wendy Morton is responsible for:</div>
<ul><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Family law and justice</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Domestic abuse and violence (MoJ lead)</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Youth justice</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Legal aid</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Legal support</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Court and tribunal fees</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Mental capacity and the Office of the Public Guardian</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Race disparity in the justice system</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Coroners, burials, inquests and inquiries</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Miscarriages of justice</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Lawfare</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Parliamentary Minister (scrutinising SIs)</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Born in 1967, Ms Morton has been the MP for Aldridge-Brownhills since 2015. She<span style="font-size: 1rem;"> was born in North Yorkshire where she attended local primary and secondary schools. She later gained an MBA with the </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_University" style="background-color: white; font-size: 1rem;" title="Open University">Open University</a><span style="font-size: 1rem;">.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Her
career began as an executive officer in HM Diplomatic Service at
the Foreign and Commonwealth Office before working in the business
sector, in sales and marketing. She then set up an electronics company,
with her husband, designing and manufacturing electronic goods for the
agricultural industry.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
In the summer of 2016, she was appointed a
Parliamentary Private Secretary at the newly created Department for
Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
At the 2017 General Election, Morton increased her majority to 14,307 and gained 65.4% of the vote.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6"></sup> In
the government reshuffle following the election Morton was promoted to
Parliament Private Secretary to Priti Patel at the Department for
International Development.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7"></sup></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
She was made an assistant government whip during the reshuffle on 9 January 2018</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
You can visit her website <a href="https://wendymorton.co.uk/">here </a>and follow her on Twitter <a href="https://twitter.com/morton_wendy">@Morton_wendy</a></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
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<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Chris Philp – Under Secretary of State</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Mr Philp was promoted to the MoJ on 11 September 2019; he is responsible for:</div>
<ul><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Cross-cutting Criminal Justice System issues</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Victims</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Criminal law</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Sentencing</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Court and tribunal services and reform</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Administrative justice</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Devolved Administrations and devolution</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Human rights</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Supporting the Secretary of State on EU exit and international business</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Supporting the Secretary of State on departmental finance</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Chris
Philp has been the MP for South Croydon since 2015. After taking a
degree in physics at Oxford, he worked for McKinself before setting up a
number of businesses, including a HGV trainign provider with former MoJ
Minister Sam Gyimah, and the Next Big Thing charity. He was a member
of the Treasury Select Committee between July 2015 and May 2017.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
ou can visit his website <a href="https://www.chrisphilp.com/">here</a><span style="font-size: 1rem;"> and follow him on Twitter </span><a href="https://twitter.com/CPhilpOfficial" rel="noopener" style="background-color: white; font-size: 1rem;" target="_blank">@CPhilpofficial</a></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Lord Keen – Advocate General for Scotland and MoJ spokeperson for the Lords</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Richard
Sanderson Keen has a long-standing involvement in the law having been
an advocate (the equivalent of a barrister in England and Wales) in
Scotland since 1980. He was chairman of the Scottish Conservative Party
in 2014 and was ennobled in June 2015 when he became Advocate General
for Scotland. He was the Lords spokesperson for the Home Office from
April 2016 until moving to the MoJ later that year.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
As an advocate he was involved in many high level cases representing Rangers Football Club and Andy Coulson among others.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Lord Keen is not on Twitter.</div>
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
David Lidington after just 7 months as Justice
Secretary was replaced by David Gauke.It’s 2018, that makes him the fourth Justice Secretary in less than two
years, or the fifth Justice Secretary in less than three years.
Nevertheless, it’s a pretty sorry indictment of the quality of previous
Justice Secretaries or the value and importance they place on the role.</h3>
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<div>
<br /></div>
<h4>
Conclusion</h4>
Clearly, Cabinet reshuffles are drive by politics
but it seems a great shame that the cause of prison and probation reform
is necessarily set back by the appointment of a new Justice Secretary
who will need time to get to grips with a very demanding brief.<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; line-height: 150%; margin: 10px 0; padding: 0; text-align: justify;">
Last month (October 2019), the probation inspectorate published another in its <a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=aa58ad3c60&e=16738d0344" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color: #007c89; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline;" target="_blank">new series of specially commissioned research papers</a> aimed at exploring the evidence base underpinning probation practice.</div>
<div style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; line-height: 150%; margin: 10px 0; padding: 0; text-align: justify;">
Authored by Professor Ioan Durnescu from the University of Bucharest, who specialises in comparative probation, this <a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=f863bffe24&e=16738d0344" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color: #007c89; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline;" target="_blank">paper focuses on the Eurobarometer</a> – a way of measuring people’s experience of being on probation. </div>
<br />
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The context</h3>
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Professor Durnescu starts by summarising the development of probation across Europe:</div>
<div style="color: #202020; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 16px; line-height: 150%; margin: 10px 0; padding: 0; text-align: justify;">
In
the 1960s the penal legislation in many European countries introduced
obligations and conditions that probationers needed to fulfil during the
probation period. This is how different behavioural conditions (e.g. to
attend school, to attend programmes, undertake treatment etc.) or
restrictions (e.g. not to meet certain people) have appeared in the
penal arena.<br />
Once these transformations took place, the nature and the character of
supervision took a more punitive turn and increasingly practitioners and
scholars recognised that community supervision is not just an
alternative to custody but a real punishment that is served in the
community. Some even went so far as to call probation a ‘virtual
prison’.</div>
<br />
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Alongside
these changes in the configuration of offender supervision, scholars
started to explore the differing dimensions of this supervision, e.g.
the impact on reoffending, perceptions of staff, risk assessment etc.
One of the most important conclusions of these studies was that the way
offenders experience supervision influences the outcome of probation. In
other words, those who perceive their probation officer as reasonable,
knowledgeable and empathic are more inclined to attribute positive
change in behaviour to probation supervision. Moreover, supervision was
considered to be positive when the probation officer had a good
relationship with the offender or when supervision was described as
helpful in solving problems or when client’s welfare was taken into
account.</div>
<br />
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The
professor goes on to describe the develop a new tool – the
Eurobarometer on Experiencing Supervision (EES) – to capture the
subjective experience of supervision and help measure the success of
probation.</div>
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The barometer</h3>
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</div>
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The
Eurobarometer on Experiencing Supervision was designed as a
comprehensive tool BOTH to capture the subjective experience of
supervision AND measure the success of probation. This EES tool now
includes the following questions:</div>
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</div>
<ul>
<li>six questions are used to assess supervision as a general
experience (e.g. the meaning of supervision, primary and secondary
stigmatisation)</li>
<li>six questions deal with the service user’s perception of the
supervisor (e.g. the understanding of the supervisor’s role, the number
of supervisors in the last 12 months)</li>
<li>the quality of the relationship is evaluated in one question with 14 items (e.g. positive, tense, distant)</li>
<li>practical help is assessed in one question with 13 items (e.g. my supervisor helped me find a place to live)</li>
<li>compliance is evaluated through three questions (e.g. motivation, likeliness)</li>
<li>breach is measured through four questions (e.g. number of times the
probationer failed to turn up, the possible reaction of the supervisor
to one vignette)</li>
<li>rehabilitation is covered in three questions with multiple response
options (e.g. the severity of supervision, the meaning of supervision
in relation to moving away from crime)</li>
<li>co-production and involvement of the service user is dealt with in
four questions (e.g. my supervisor works with me when drafting the
sentence plan).</li>
</ul>
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</div>
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Each question or item is assessed from 1 to 5 where 1 is ‘totally disagree’ and 5 is ‘totally agree’.</div>
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</div>
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The
questionnaire was translated, adapted and piloted in eight different
European jurisdictions including England. Although not representative,
the results were indicative of how offender supervision is experienced
by the recipients. </div>
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</div>
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The
barometer can be used for a range of different purposes including the
perception of individuals under supervision at one point in time. By
re-applying the barometer, probation services can track progress (or
lack of it) or the impact of any new approaches or interventions. </div>
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</div>
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Another
important use of the tool is in comparing two or more separate
probation offices or even probation services. Examples are set out below
from Professor Durnescu’s own work comparing different probation
systems from eight jurisdictions:</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-N6XJQf7jh7g/XdPZiBxoC3I/AAAAAAAAeSo/pbJFron6fko-rKfeZTxWjvyvJY2-iqdGwCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/bcvbb.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="986" data-original-width="1074" height="293" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-N6XJQf7jh7g/XdPZiBxoC3I/AAAAAAAAeSo/pbJFron6fko-rKfeZTxWjvyvJY2-iqdGwCLcBGAsYHQ/s320/bcvbb.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">All you need
to know about offender equality. </span>http://www.russellwebster.com/diversitycompendium</h4>
</div>
<div aria-hidden="true" class="ad-slot__label" data-desktop="1,1|2,2|300,250|300,274|620,1|620,350|550,310|fluid" data-google-query-id="COikmqva-OUCFQwEiwodUDIBPA" data-link-name="ad slot inline1" data-mobile="1,1|2,2|300,197|300,250|300,274|fluid" data-name="inline1" data-phablet="1,1|2,2|300,197|300,250|300,274|620,350|550,310|fluid" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/oct/29/prisoner-rehabilitation-does-not-work-says-former-prisons-boss?CMP=share_btn_tw</div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike>https://www.gardencourtchambers.co.uk/news/indeterminate-sentences-are-a-breach-of-human-rights-under-article-51-echr<br />
https://www.irishtimes.com/news/crime-and-law/courts/supreme-court/supreme-court-rules-slopping-out-a-violation-of-prisoner-s-rights-1.4082852?localLinksEnabled=false+men+and+a+woman+arrested+over+Kevin+Lunney+kidnap+and+torture&mode=amp<br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">http://www.russellwebster.com/moj719/?utm_source=ReviveOldPost&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=ReviveOldPost</span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike>http://www.russellwebster.com/probationdeaths19/<br />
https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/dec/03/prisons-put-terrorists-on-waiting-list-to-receive-help-to-deradicalise<br />
https://insidetime.org/eds-not-the-new-ipp/<br />
http://www.russellwebster.com/unlockbame/?utm_source=ReviveOldPost&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=ReviveOldPost<br />
http://www.russellwebster.com/unlockbame/?<br />
<br /></div>
katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-52426797402887065342019-11-18T16:32:00.000+00:002019-11-18T17:10:48.692+00:001.Court Judgment on IPP Prisoner given release the parole board were making his detention almost arbitrary . 2. Prison suicides 3. Families need more help to deal with the pains of IPP imprisonment 4. The Prison Reform 5. A Helping Hands. Supporting Families in the Resettlement of People Serving IPPs 6. a report has branded “deeply harmful” for IPP families. 7. Crises prison Boss quits after inmates revolt . 8. prison and Autism Dr. Natalie Engelbrecht BA MSc ND RP; Registered Psychotherapist .9. What has the MoJ been up too. 10. Justice Minister I hope your listening life is not disposable. 11. Crime is a record low. 12. Family and Campaigner say enough is enough the deaths of IPP needs urgent investigation .<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span><div class="breadcrumb">
<div>
<span style="font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Prison Suicides?</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span>
U<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">phill battle for prisoners and their families.</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
A mother begged the prison to
keep watch of her Son. She told prison staff . Despite the mother's
warnings, the prison took no mental-health precautions. no one checked in on her
Son. Prison guards noticed him increasingly distressed wailing and banging on
the cell doors, but did not investigate his condition. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The prison added an entry to the
hourly cell-check log for this time, but whether any took place is disputed. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The amount of deaths the prison the prisons and the garment have to bear some of the responsibility. Despite
the observed links between the IPP prisoner’s incarceration and suicide, there
is an obstacle course of
prisoner-unfriendly legislation and legal doctrines stand in the path of
attempts at holding any individual person or institution accountable. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
With evidence identified over decades
these legal barriers have made reforming prison conditions via litigation near
impossible. The reckless neglect of the prisoner's mental health and safety
constitutes "cruel and unusual punishment."</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<u>Medical Malpractice. </u></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
"key is demonstrating <u>deliberate
indifference,</u>" </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Deliberate
indifference is a more difficult to prove than "professional
negligence," the standard used for medical malpractice. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Negligence standard</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The negligence standard only
requires that a person should have done something, and didn't—ignorance isn't
an excuse;</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Deliberate indifference </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
in contrast, requires knowing
that something should have been done, and not doing so. It does not,
however, require proof of intent to harm. So a prisoner’s family or Barrister
need not show that prison guards specifically meant for the prisoner to die."There has to be more than a
hint that a person was suicidal or at risk. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
You have to have knowledge that
there's a high degree of likelihood that this man would commit suicide. And
then you have to fail to take any precautions that are designed to be
preventative,"</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
"They don't have to be the
best precautions. But they have to be kind of reasonable. If you knew, you did
try to do something."</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
"Nevertheless </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
they must show not only that
correction officers failed to do what was necessary to prevent a prisoner
suicide, but that the officers knew that the prisoner was at risk, and still
deliberately avoided clearly established standard procedures for dealing with
them.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Example </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
One prisoner was a trans woman
serving a prison sentence who was beaten, and raped, and, when she was housed
with the male prisoners in general population. The prisoner argued that the
prison knew it was putting her at risk with this housing situation, and that
its deliberate indifference to the danger was a form of cruel and unusual
punishment. The Supreme Court ruled that, and all prisoners, were entitled to
be protected from "deliberate indifference" to their harm.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
This standard of liability became
a central precedent for suicide cases</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Incarcerated inmates</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Prison screen for suicide If a
jail that screens for suicide or assault- risk is more likely to be held liable
if a prisoner dies by suicide then jails might not want to take preventative
measures that are in prisoners' interests.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Are prisoners being put at risk when the prisons knowingly know there is drugs and violence in there prison resulting in risk to another prisoner, death or injurey even mental health ! prisoners themselves are generally unified class against the prison
system, rather than against each other the condition of the prison play a role.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Prisons who have depression often said to be waiting for a hospital bed as long as a year putting them at risk of
further harm, or a complete breakdown and suicide.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Prisoners are put a risk because
of the shortage.Living conditions.<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 24px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Over use of confinement, r</span>etaliation of against inmates with
solitary condiment physical abuse /resources. .</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Disability and hidden difference violation. Many prisoners with learning differences are unable to cope through
the grievance procedures (a prison's administrative system for raising
complaints) procedures that are often rigged against them. As the prison ignored
the disability that offers a person with a hidden disability a intermediary under the disability law . </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
prison attitude is for prisoners to rely on other inmates putting those with disability at risk of bullying ,stolen data and a pay back scheme. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Lack of access to rehabilitation programs
which caused up hill battles and destress and mental break downs as they further challenge proving risk without tools to do so even after they finishing programmes. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
It seems to me that the government
are illustrating that it was up to prisoners themselves to take action to fight
the abomination, outrage) of their conditions leading to a escalation and causing increasing
agitation. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“Creative activist lawyer might</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
want to make a structural case, arguing, for example, that the way a government
jails operate constitutes deliberate indifference to a system-wide suicide
risk. The amount of time they had to resolve these issues amounts to negligence. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
But back in the '70s and '80s, they succeeded regularly but since the prison estate has got worse and has been neglected. moreover funds to account for those with mental health or disabilities was not accounted for, little or no data.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I would rule that government prison
conditions were a form of cruel and unusual and look at the totality of the
conditions of confinements and disability violations in total these being a snap shot </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I would argue the structural cases
looking at the "totality of conditions. And Allowing conditions to continue into the years. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
But, in the face of all those doctrinal and legislative
impediments to accountability for prisoner harm conditions are not seen to be improving—though
greater awareness of training of the issue.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Justice Minister is ignoring the totality of the issues and and continues to down play the bigger picture with media to keep his job.</div>
<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike>...……...…………………………………...….</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<ul>
</ul>
</div>
</h2>
<h2>
<a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/PressPolicy/News/vw/1/ItemID/757">Families need more help to deal with the pains of IPP imprisonment</a></h2>
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</h2>
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<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="565"></a>
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<div class="top">
<span class="date">15 hours ago</span>
<br />
<img src="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Images/A%20helping%20hand.jpg" width="220" />
</div>
<div class="news">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
The families of people serving Imprisonment for Public
Protection (IPP) sentences are not getting enough help to deal with the
painful burden of supporting their relative through their sentence, <a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/portals/0/documents/A%20helping%20hand.pdf">a joint report by the Prison Reform Trust and Southampton University reveals</a>.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/portals/0/documents/A%20helping%20hand.pdf">The report</a> by Dr Harry Annison and Christina Straub is supported by funding from the Economic and Social Research Council.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
“As a family it has destroyed us, and we need all the support we can get’, said one family member interviewed for the report.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
Another
said: “I’ve been doing this since my early forties. I’m 59 next
birthday. It has consumed my life. I haven’t had a life for myself…It’s
not fair.”</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
The IPP was abolished in 2012, but there are still
2,223 people in prison serving the sentence, nine in 10 of whom are
passed their tariff expiry date. A further 1,206 people are in prison
having been recalled while serving an IPP sentence in the community. The
latest Ministry of Justice statistics show that the recall rate now
exceeds the rate of release for people serving IPPs.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/portals/0/documents/A%20helping%20hand.pdf">A Helping Hand: Supporting Families in the Resettlement of People Serving IPPs</a>,
found that the pains and barriers faced by the families of people
serving IPP sentences have not sufficiently been addressed by criminal
justice agencies.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
This meant that the valuable contribution
families can make to the successful rehabilitation and resettlement of
IPP prisoners was not being realised.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
In his independent review
on strengthening family ties, Lord Farmer said that family and other
supportive relationships are a ‘golden thread’ that should run through
efforts by the penal system to support prisoners, where families should
be ‘seen as a vital resource and...treated as valued allies in the
rehabilitation cause’.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
The findings and recommendations of the
report are based on detailed consultation with the families of IPP
prisoners as well as close engagement with criminal justice and
voluntary sector organisations involved in the management and
supervision of people serving IPPs. </div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
The report identifies a need
for clearer information, more consistent communication, the provision
of specific support for families, and a recognition by practitioners of
the painful legacy and history of the IPP sentence and its impact on
prisoners and their loved ones.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
One family member interviewed for
the report said: “The officers do not really understand IPP, they treat
them like any prisoner on a determinate sentence, which they are not.
It is stressful not knowing when they will come home, and they think
about that every day while they are inside.”</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
The report calls for
additional information, guidance and support for families on issues
such as progression, licence and recall; and action to mitigate some of
the pains experienced by families as a result of the unique burden of
supporting a relative on an IPP.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
Commenting, Dr Annison said:</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
“Families
of people serving IPPs carry considerable burdens in supporting their
relative through their sentence. All criminal justice organisations
should avoid inadvertently placing further burdens on those who have
often given years of devoted support to their relative. Additional
information, guidance and support for families, and actions to
ameliorate some of the pains experienced, would help to ease the burden
on families and enable them to better support their loved ones in prison
and on release.”</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
Peter Dawson, Director of the Prison Reform Trust, said:</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
“The
suffering caused by this disastrous sentence goes on and on. It extends
far beyond the people still unjustly held in prison, affecting parents,
partners and children, all totally innocent. Legislation is needed to
finish the job of putting right the injustice done to so many by the IPP
sentence. But in the meantime there is scope to do more to support
families, reducing their pain and helping them to help their loved ones
make a success of life after release.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/portals/0/documents/A%20helping%20hand.pdf">Click here</a> to download a copy of the report</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
About the IPP sentence</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
Introduced
in 2005, IPPs were designed to detain serious offenders who were
perceived to be a risk to the public indefinitely. People serving an IPP
are required to serve a minimum tariff after which release is
determined by the Parole Board. Those who are released are subject to an
indefinite period of supervision on licence, subject to review after 10
years.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
The Home Office initially estimated that the sentence
would result in 900 people going to prison. However, over 8,000 IPP
sentences were imposed, placing severe strain on prison, probation and
parole board resources. Resulting delays to parole hearings and
difficulties accessing offending behaviour programmes in prison, which
were considered necessary in order to demonstrate reduced risk, left
many prisoners struggling to work towards their legitimate release.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
As
a result of these concerns and mounting legal challenges, the IPP
sentence was abolished in 2012. However, its abolition was not
retrospective, and today there are still 2,223 people in prison serving
the sentence who have never been released. Nine in 10 people (93%)
serving an IPP sentence are still in prison having passed their tariff
expiry date—the minimum period they must spend in custody and considered
necessary to serve as punishment for the offence. 358 people are still
in prison despite being given a tariff of less than two years—more than
half of these (187 people) are still in prison over a decade after their
original tariff expired.</div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<i class="red-text">Release and recall rates </i></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="news" style="text-align: justify;">
The
rate of release for IPP prisoners has increased sharply in the last
four years, but has gone into reverse in the last year. The latest
Ministry of Justice caseload management statistics reveal that the
recall rate now exceeds the rate of release for people serving IPPs:</div>
<div class="news">
<ul>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
More
IPP prisoners were returned to custody after licence recall than were
released from custody in the past 12 months. In the year from 1 July
2018 – 30 June 2019, there were 433 releases of IPP prisoners, but 636
IPP prisoners were returned to custody after licence recall.</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
By
contrast, over the previous year (1 July 2017 – 30 June 2018) the
releases were higher than the numbers returned to custody after recall
(568 released and 559 recalled).</div>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
There are 1,206 people
serving an IPP sentence who are back in prison having been previously
released—a 25% increase in only a year.</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h2>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
……...…………………………….</h3>
<div>
<br /></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 20.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">The Prison Reform</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: x-large;"></span>
</div>
<span style="font-size: 24.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A Helping
Hands. Supporting Families in the Resettlement of People Serving IPPs</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; text-align: justify;">
</div>
</h2>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; left: 59.7875px; top: 86.752px; transform: scalex(1.00465);">The Prison Reform Trust is an independent UK charity working to create a just, humane and </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; left: 59.7875px; top: 114.712px; transform: scalex(1.01367);">effective penal system. We do this by inquiring into the workings of the system; informing </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; left: 59.7875px; top: 142.672px; transform: scalex(1.01349);">prisoners, staff and the wider public; and by influencing Parliament, government and officials </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; left: 59.7875px; top: 170.632px; transform: scalex(1.00268);">towards reform. The Prison Reform Trust provides the secretariat to the All Party Parliamentary </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; left: 59.7875px; top: 198.592px; transform: scalex(1.00641);">Penal Affairs Group and has an advice and information service for people in prison. </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; left: 59.7875px; top: 254.512px; transform: scalex(1.01323);">Our two main objectives are: reducing unnecessary imprisonment and promoting community </span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; left: 59.7875px; top: 282.472px; transform: scalex(1.01479);">solutions to crime, and improving treatment and conditions for prisoners and their families. </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">However,
our findings suggest that to date the pains and barriers faced by families of
people serving IPP sentences have not sufficiently been addressed. We argue in
this report: That the IPP sentence is deeply harmful to families </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">•That the
state – and relevant organisations therein – should seek to mitigate these
harms </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">•That
changes in legislation, policy and practice are required in order better to
enable </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">•families
to support the successful resettlement of their family member serving an IPP
sentence That the proposed changes would benefit not only families of people
serving IPP</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">• sentences,
but also the prisoners themselves, criminal justice organisations, and the public.
In this report we focus on measures that are likely to ameliorate the pains
experienced by families, and to reduce the barriers experienced by them that
hinder their efforts to support their relative. But it is important to
emphasise that the families’ pains are tied directly to the IPP sentence itself
and to the prisoners’ experiences. Therefore, efforts to improve the situation
for families of indeterminate-sentenced IPP prisoners are intertwined with the
need to address the needs of IPP prisoners themselves. In particular we
identify the ongoing unmet needs by many families for clear information on the
processes and policies related to the IPP sentence and related issues
(including progression, licence and recall). We also identify families’ concerns
about the need for all relevant practitioners to have an understanding of the
practical issues facing IPP prisoners and their families, but also the
historical factors that have led to a sense of injustice for many families. </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">And
further, we identify the desire by many families to be enabled to be part of
the solution for their relative, and for their efforts to be appropriately
recognised. We encourage all organisations to take inspiration from HMP Warren
Hill’s underlying ethos of seeking the ‘quiet rescue’ of
indeterminate-sentenced prisoners who are considerably over tariff.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">13</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;"> With an institutional focus on sentence
progression, HMP Warren Hill’s work with IPP prisoners aims at balancing risk
reduction with trust-building elements.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">14</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;"> Its prioritisation of the concept of hope – a notion increasingly being
recognised as crucial to penal policy, and enabling people to work towards a
positive life, free from crime</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">15</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;"> – should
similarly be a central focus for relevant organisations. And, specifically,
there must be a recognition of the difficulties for families in maintaining
hope in the face of the persistent delays and challenges faced in relation to
the IPP sentence. Finally, it is important to recognise that families already
carry considerable burdens in supporting their relative serving an IPP. All
organisations must be mindful of this in ensuring that actions taken do not
inadvertently place further burdens on the individuals who have often given
years of devoted support to their family member. Our recommendations – for
additional information, guidance and support for families; and actions to
ameliorate some of the pains experienced – should be read in this light. </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 17.5pt;">2.
Background</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">The
Farmer Report stipulated that criminal justice agencies needed to make much
greater effort in working with the families of offenders to enhance
resettlement outcomes: The emergence of a rehabilitation culture inside every
prison ... will not happen unless good relationships with families and others
on the outside are treated as a much higher priority in many jails. These need
to be seen as a vital resource and ... [families] treated as valued allies in
the rehabilitation cause.</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">16</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">This argument must be read, here,
in light of the specific issues raised by the sentence of Imprisonment for
Public Protection (IPP). The Justice Secretary at the time of the abolition of
the IPP sentence described the IPP sentence as: Unclear, inconsistent and have
been used far more than was ever intended ... That is unjust to the people in
question and completely inconsistent with the policy of punishment, reform and
rehabilitation.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">17</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">David Gauke, speaking as Justice
Secretary earlier in 2019, said, ‘We need to ensure that we do everything we
can to progress these [IPP] cases as best we can.’</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">18</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;"> Together, these statements provide compelling
reasons for the pains experienced, and the challenges faced, by the families of
those serving IPP sentences to be addressed. A research study by Dr Harry
Annison and Dr Rachel Condry published in 2018 provided the first detailed
empirical study of the pains of imprisonment experienced by the families of IPP
prisoners.</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">19</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">Subsequent meetings with key
stakeholders revealed a considerable – and unmet – demand for evidence-based
expert guidance for criminal justice organisations in order to a) understand
the specific problems facing families of IPP prisoners; and b) develop
appropriate solutions.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">20</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">This project, which this report
forms part of, addresses that need. It seeks to support, via a process of
co-production, the provision of tangible benefits to families of prisoners
serving indeterminate IPP sentences. These are likely to be provided through
substantive improvements by relevant organisations such as HMPPS, the Ministry
of Justice, the Parole Board and relevant third sector organisations, such as
the Prison Advice and Care Trust (Pact) and Partners of Prisoners (POPS), in
their understanding of, and responses to, the issues facing this group. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">4</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 17.5pt;">3. Objectives and Methodology</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 17.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">The recommendations made in this report have
emerged from a three-step process: 1. Engaging with family members</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">21</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;"> of people serving IPP sentences, through
co-production workshops, an online survey and one-to-one informal discussions.
This enabled us to identify specific issues that organisations should seek to
address,</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">22</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;"> or changes to policy or practice
that would be likely to provide the most benefit. We sought, in other words, to
buildon our initial findings of ‘The Pains of Indeterminate Imprisonment for
Families of IPPPrisoners’</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">23</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;"> by asking: ‘What specifically
would ameliorate your suffering, and help you inyour efforts to achieve the
successful resettlement of your relative serving an IPP sentence?’</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">2.
Engaging with relevant criminal justice organisations to understand emerging
policies and practices, which may be capable of addressing some of the issues
identified. </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">3.
Refining our recommendations by: reviewing existing reports on IPP specifically
and related issues such as prisoners’ families, prison suicides and so on, and
relevant scholarly literature; revisiting our co-production workshop notes and
survey responses. We thereby worked together to: </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">1.
Identify families’ main difficulties (institutional and personal) in dealing
with IPP and in facilitating transition upon release and in providing
resettlement support. </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">2.
Identify best practice examples of communication, support, and information
already delivered by stakeholders (i.e. HMPPS, the Parole Board, the Probation
Service, and relevant voluntary and third sector organisations, such as POPS
and Pact). </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">3.
Collect and develop the ideas and suggestions provided by family members around
the reduction of secondary pains and an enhancement of resettlement, to inform
recommendations for service and policy delivery by stakeholders. Accommodating
the complexity and sensitivity of the research topic, workshops were
purposefully designed to include only a small number of participants. This was
done with a view to enable extensive individual contribution as well as
providing sufficient time and space for discussion of, and reflection upon,
difficult issues.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">24</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">Workshops with family members of
individuals sentenced to IPP took place in London, Manchester and Cardiff. They
lasted 3-4 hours, involving 5-7 participants and were facilitated by Harry
Annison or Christina Straub, supported by a co-facilitator. Throughout each
workshop detailed notes were taken, and participants’ contributions were
audio-recorded. The collected data was then analysed with a view to detecting
recurring issues or suggestions. Insights from the workshops were consequently
used to inform the design of an online survey available for completion by
family members of IPP prisoners who were unable to attend the workshops but
wanted to contribute to the study. These were supplemented by one-to-one
discussions by the authors with a number of relatives of IPP prisoners. </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 17.5pt;">4.
General Findings</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">4.1.</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;"> Workshops I’ve been doing this since my early
forties. I’m 59 next birthday. It has consumed my life. I haven’t had a life
for myself ... It’s not fair. workshop participant Some of the predominant
themes identified revolved around the secondary pain and distress experienced
by family members ‘on behalf’ of the IPP prisoner.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">25</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;"> Participants repeatedly described a reverberation
process whereby a prisoner’s trials and tribulations exerted an immediate
effect on the well-being of the family member(s); they were commiserating
greatly with their incarcerated loved one. Often, they had become case workers
on behalf of the prisoner, always ready to present and explain the individual’s
case files in painstaking detail. Families expressed their disappointment with
organisations that their care and efforts had not been recognised, echoing
broader concerns about the ‘hidden and undervalued contributions of citizens in
the provision and delivery of public service.’</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">26</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;"> </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">Families felt that part of the responsibility of, and duty of care
held, by public services for their loved ones had been ‘outsourced’ to them.
Despite experiencing the situation as bearing considerable weight upon their
shoulders, families were not prepared to give up. They often expressed a duty
to speak on behalf of their relatives, to make them ‘feel they’ve got a voice
and they’re not powerless, because that’s one of the worst things about the IPP
sentence, you are more powerless than anybody who’s a determinate prisoner’ (workshop
participant). 4.2. </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">Families survey As a family it has destroyed us, and we need
all the support we can get family member, survey response. Having developed a
set of provisional suggestions for action from the workshops with families, an
online survey was utilised to enable those who could not attend workshops in
person to contribute to the project. </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">We received 51 responses to the survey.
All respondents were female and over four-fifths reported being
‘White-British’. We received responses from all parts of England and Wales.
Three-quarters of respondents said that their relative had not been released
from prison; the others said that their relative had been released but
subsequently recalled at least once. Respondents were all over 18 years old and
the spread of reported ages broadly matched the demographics of the adult UK
population. The most common reported relationships were partner, parent,
sibling, friend (and ‘other’ including grandmother, aunt and daughter). The
survey results suggested that there is widespread support amongst families
affected by the IPP sentence for the suggestions emerging from the workshops. </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">6 Information
and communication </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">The most
popular suggestions included: As regards communication, a small number of
positive experiences were reported:From our own experience I can say that the
communication with Probation has always been good, I still now have a good
relationship with his [offender manager] and his solicitor, both of which I am
in regular contact with, this I feel is due to my willingness and my partner’s
to try to work together with them. workshop participant Nevertheless, most
families reported considerable practical difficulties. </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">Indeed, the same family
member with a positive experience had also experienced challenges: The
frustration comes with the delays and misinformation, at times this is just
down to misunderstandings rather than any malice... [And] surely if families
were involved in the process of managing that risk with agencies and able to
put forward other alternatives to put to the board we may be able to release
and support more effectively. </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">workshop participant </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Here are some suggestions that
have emerged from the workshops so far.</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Do you agree that they would improve
the situation? Mean (out of 5)1. Recognition by organisations of the
understandable feelings of injustice, given the abolition of the sentence in
2012.4.672. </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Clear information provided to families about relevant processes
(e.g. parole hearings, recall, licence conditions).4.603. Better and more
consistent communication between agencies and families.4.564.</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.5pt;">Provision of
specific support for families in the wake of recall.4.494. Explicit recognition
by relevant organisations of the hard work put in by families to support their
relative sentenced to IPP.4.495. A dedicated ‘one stop shop’ IPP point of
contact for families.4.266. Facilitation of local peer support for family
members.4.21 </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;">Policy
and practice, training and guidanceThe most popular suggestions were: Emerging
as a distinct issue from the workshops were concerns that many staff in
relevant organisations did not necessarily have a sufficient understanding of
the specific nature of the IPP sentence and the issues that flow from it: The
officers do not really understand IPP, they treat them like any prisoner on a
determinate sentence, which they are not. It is stressful not knowing when they
will come home, and they think about that every day while they are inside.
workshop participant The survey responses therefore support recommendations
regarding training for relevant staff in relation to the law and policies in
relation to IPP prisoners (including those released on licence), and the lived experience
of the sentence. In particular, it is essential that staff understand the
substantial, deleterious impact of the indeterminacy, uncertainty and
hopelessness that it engenders.</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt;">27 </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15.0pt;"><br /></span></h3>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
7 Here are some further suggestions
that have emerged so far from the workshop. Do you agree that these measures
would improve the situation?Mean (out of 5)1. Revised approach to progression
planning: IPP-specific sentence plan tailored to individual needs of prisoner
that specifies necessary measures such as educational qualifications,
professional qualifications, and courses that are treated as binding. Once
completed, presumption would be that the prisoner is to be progressed/released
unless there are compelling reasons not to do so.4.712. </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
More
effort to make licence conditions supportive of individual living conditions of
released prisoners and their families.4.633. Better training of staff in
relation to IPP sentence and related issues, ensuring that they demonstrate
both awareness and empathy.</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
4.603. Same professionals stay with the prisoner to
build long-term relationships (e.g. key workers from agencies such as the
Offender Management Unit (OMU), probation service, prison service, and HMPPS
psychology department).</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
4.604. Support for family members to act as advocates for
their relative (enabled by staying in contact with prisoner’s assigned key
workers in the prison and probation service, for example).4.544. A review of
the use of Approved Premises (APs) for IPP prisoners and their conditions.4.54</h2>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
85. Detailed findings Here we provide in relation to
each organisation the families’ reported experiences and issues, recent changes
in policy and practice of which we are aware. Section 7 then sets out
recommendations for further action. 5.1. Prison Service a) Families told us
that specific issues faced included: The indeterminacy and uncertainty inherent
in the IPP sentence has made it difficult for </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•families to avoid relationship
breakdown and estrangement from their relative serving the indeterminate
sentence.28 Furthermore, they told us that
the loss of relationships presents a challenge, if not a danger, to the
well-being of IPP prisoners. They advocated for heightened awareness within the
Prison Service of these issues, since: these prison officers, offender
managers, offender supervisors, they know, ‘Oh, that IPPprisoner there in cell
number two never has a visit, never has a phone call, don’t have noletters,
he’s got nobody,’ and they do need taking care of more ... you have got the
onesthat have got nobody because they’ve been in prison a long time, families
have got fed upof visiting ... So ... all touch is lost with family. And I
think these prison officers ... have gotto note – because these are the
prisoners that are more likely to commit suicide as well.</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
29workshop participant It was often very difficult to
reach relevant staff within the prison, a problem which was </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•particularly
worrying where families had pressing concerns about their relative’s wellbeing.</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
30 This represented a major stressor for families on
the outside who felt powerless dealing with this form of one-sided
communication. Asked what would make the most important difference to them, one
workshop participant suggested the following: For me, overall, I think it would
be ... to be able to communicate with the prison ...somebody that is a key
worker for all IPP prisoners, who will talk to the families ...because I can’t
get hold of my son when I want to, they don’t listen, they don’t give themthe
message ... And, I worry and worry ... That to me is key, it would make such
adifference for everybody ... When you are worried about their health, and you
can’t getthrough, it is a nightmare. workshop participant Prison staff were
often experienced as knowing little about the IPP sentence and failing to
•display awareness of the pains experienced by families. One mother pointed out
that prisoners, like her son, who had been incarcerated for a long time needed:
professionals, not just his emotional mother ... it needs someone who is an IPP
... specialist ... And they have the knowledge ... And the experience to be
able to deal with those issues ... likewise for the prisoners but also for
families it would be very helpful. workshop participant</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
There
was a general belief by families that: </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•IPP prisoners ... have different needs
from determinate sentence prisoners, so ... in a sense some of the regulations
do need to be different. workshop participantThere was a perception that a lack
of awareness of the mental strains and effects of an IPP •sentence could
sometimes lead to a ‘misreading’ of behaviour. One mother voiced her concerns
about the lack of mental health training for prison officers. To me [son ́s
name] behaviour, has not just come down to aggression ... he’s had no hope ...
he said to me, “I’m rotting, I’m being left to rot”.31workshop participant </h2>
<h2 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
Regular
family visits were often found to be a real challenge, due to cost, distance
and the •sometimes detrimental experience of the visit itself (especially for
children). The culture surrounding prison visits was often described as
unwelcoming, leaving </h2>
<h2 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
•partners and/or families feeling stigmatised: an
offender-by-association. This was related by a workshop participant who noted
that: people judge a whole family, don’t they? They don’t just judge the person
that committed the crime ... Oh there’s a massive stigma, yeah, it’s a very
hard thing to get past ... that fear of being judged – it’s difficult. workshop
participant Families felt a keen absence of opportunities for any ‘taste of
normal life’ while their •relative was in prison, which was felt to be
particularly important given the considerable amount of time that had often
passed beyond tariff and the need to retain hope of release. Telephone contact
with their relative was generally difficult and expensive whilst other </h2>
<h2 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
</h2>
<h2 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
•forms
of contact, such as letters or emails, were, at best, of mixed utility.
Workshop participants therefore welcomed the introduction of phones in
individual prison cells in some prisons, so that contact could be established
when it was needed the most: When you’re down, sometimes you reach crisis
point. You don’t know when that’s going to be. workshop participant b) Policies
and practices already in place or in development: We are pleased to note the
increased policy focus on families of prisoners, and the re-doubling of efforts
to support them, at a national level following the publication of the Farmer
Review.32 These general
developments may have some benefits for families of people serving IPPs, and
include:</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
all
establishments being required to develop a specific family strategy;33</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
•an
initiative to improve family communications (as part of tackling a number of
pressing </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
•issues
facing prisons);34the embedding of a Families
Working Group into the Safety and Rehabilitation Directorate </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
•within
HMPPS; and developments including the allocation of a ‘family service partner’
to each public •sector prison, supported by a relevant third sector
organisation. Some of these initiatives appear to be bearing some fruit.</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
35 However, specific issues facing people serving
IPPs – and their families – could be a more central focus in current efforts.
It is particularly important that prison staff – a large proportion of whom
will have begun their careers after the abolition of the IPP sentence – are
aware of the sentence, the challenges it poses for progression, and the
detrimental impact it often has upon prisoners and their families.</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
365.2. Probation Service a) Families told us that
specific issues faced included: Problems and obstacles in being able to
communicate with probation. Participants thought </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
•that
‘families should ... be able to interact more with the probation officers
because a lot of the times when you’re in prison [the prisoner] can’t get to a
phone’, and the same could be said for people released from prison. This was
seen as a major cause for concern, since good relationships with probation
officers could either hinder and hold an IPP prisoner back or propel them
forward. A general need for continuity was expressed. This would include more
proactive support of </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
•IPP prisoners
during their sentence, to flow on after release. Workshop participants further
advocated for a more inclusive resettlement approach </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
•involving
increased services and third parties, rather than relying only on family
members to do the ‘heavy lifting’ in resettlement work. </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
As much as families
wanted to play an important role in their loved ones’ resettlement, they felt
they were left with a disproportionate amount of emotional and economic labour
imposed on them: Not everyone’s got the resources to be able to do that ... or
don’t want to do that. They’ve had a lifetime of managing very difficult stuff
and maybe they don’t want it anymore. There’s an expectation that families can
go on and on providing it – well, no, they can’t, because ... you’re depleted.
workshop participant Families felt that some probation staff were lacking
sufficient knowledge with regard to the </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
•specific issues as regards the IPP
sentence and implications for the prisoner and their family that flowed from
this. This was often attributed to systemic issues and recruitment policies: 10</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
I think
the turnover of staff is probably quite great...they don’t really have an
understanding... of the complex situations of the prisoners and IPP sentences
...That’s been my wholeexperience apart from the odd couple of people that have
been pretty amazing.workshop participant In a similar vein, a lack of
continuity and consistency in the allocation of both offender </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
•supervisors
and probation officers was raised as a cause for concern. Families felt that in
order to correctly risk assess and supervise individual prisoners, it was vital
that staff met their clients personally and got to know them over a longer
period of time. This would enable them to provide tailored support and advice.
Families commonly perceived Approved Premises (APs) as being treated as the
default </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;">
•option
upon an IPP prisoner’s release. Reasons for this were often not given, or
poorly explained, and families perceived their own views on how best to support
the IPP prisoner to be unheard. The risk of recall brought families particular
distress due to their powerlessness and anxiety </h2>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•about
the uncertainty it caused. </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
These
feelings were mainly caused by a distinct lack of clarity and consistency
around it. What were the guidelines concerning, and limitations upon, who could
recall an IPP prisoner? For what reasons could recall take place? Under what
circumstances? What would happen following recall? Families often felt left alone
in the aftermath of the recall of loved ones, paying a high emotional price.
One mother described herself as ‘a broken person when my son was recalled I
think on the ... third occasion, I was desperate ... I didn’t know what to do
with myself’. There was a widely perceived injustice in the proportionality of
the length of the period in </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•prison
following recall, when considering the reason for recall. It could lead to
families and prisoners reacting in panic, to their own detriment, over a recall
decision: The mental impact on IPP prisoners when they know they’re recalled,
the first thing they want to do is run ... They’re still in a ‘prison’ within
themselves. So it has to be taken into consideration that this has ... a mental
impact on them to get their head round [if they’re recalled]: ‘I’m going away
for the rest of my life again’. workshop participant Licence conditions were
another factor contributing to families’ and IPP prisoners’ anxieties.</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•The
awareness that freedom could be taken away immediately – often for reasons not
fullyclear to the individual – over a long licence period contributed to a
feeling of being stuck in anongoing nightmare. Even release from prison did not
seem to bring relief: Having been through this process many times, it just gets
harder and harder each time. It’s just the beginning, the release. The problems
of getting through the Parole Board is a battle enough, but then getting
through that and you feel this intense relief and it doesn’t go away. You’re
living with it the whole time. workshop participant 11</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
b)
Policies and practices already in place or in development at relevant
organisation:The National Probation Service (NPS) has faced substantial
reductions in available resources over recent years, as has the Ministry of
Justice as a whole.37 Further, the challenges posed by
the re-structuring of probation from 2015 have been well-documented.38 Families’ concerns about probation contact tended,
whether explicitly or implicitly, to reflect, in part, concerns about the
resulting high caseloads held by NPS staff. Given the concerns raised about
Approved Premises, we are pleased to learn of plans to review their use to
ensure that they are utilised appropriately and only where necessary. </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
We were
informed that training tools – both e-learning packages and ‘practice
improvement tools’ – are being made available to probation officers, which
specifically include training on the ‘IPP journey’, with the role of families
included within this. More generally, training to encourage engagement by staff
with families of those supervised by probation and to enable nuanced analysis
of (ex) prisoner behaviour and risk assessment may have beneficial effects for
both IPP prisoners and their families. The development of the new OMiC
(Offender Management in Custody) model,</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
39if successful, may facilitate the development of higher quality and more
sustained relationships between those serving IPPs and their offender manager.
Further, it holds the potential to facilitate improved contact with family
members, and the transition towards release. </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
5.3. Parole Board a) Families told
us that specific issues faced included: A perceived lack of communication with
families and information for them was often noted,</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•although participants recognised and
appreciate recently introduced changes made by the Parole Board. In particular
they felt that practical guidance about what happens before, during, and after
parole hearings as well as which role family members can and cannot assume was
difficult to obtain (if it existed at all). Families often felt that their
detailed understanding of their relative was not utilised as part of </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•parole
hearings. This also hindered their sense of participation and recognition, as
illustrated by the following quote: I have written as well to the Parole Board.
I have been [to a hearing] as an observer too. My mum’s been as a witness as
well. But ... I don’t really feel listened to. They don’t listen to families
... I’m the key person in my son’s life, I’ve been with him since the day he
was born, I’ve supported him, I know him very well ... I’m not naïve ... How
can you go on and on about the importance of families in supporting offenders
on their release if you’re not prepared to listen to them and take what they
say seriously? workshop participant b) Policies and practices already in place
or in development at relevant organisation: The Parole Board have succeeded in
reducing the considerable backlog of cases that arose as a consequence of the
decision in the case of Osborn to increase oral hearings.40 However, deferral rates for hearings remain high.
The Parole Board has recognised how the postponement of 12</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
hearings,
often at short notice, undermines the effectiveness of the system and
potentiallyexacerbates the distress of all involved by causing ‘increased
uncertainty for victims, prisoners, and their families’.</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
41 An internal project, COMPASS, has been conducted
to examine ways to reduce on the day deferrals. This shows indications of being
able to achieve significant reductions in deferrals and swifter resolution of
hearings that cannot take place on the listed day; the underlying principles of
the project will be rolled out for all parole panels in 2019-20.</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
42Recent years have also seen a considerable increase
in the rate of release of IPP prisoners – both in terms of numbers and as a
percentage of parole hearings.43
Difficulties remain for families, including the stresses of the parole process
itself; the increasing number of released IPPs being recalled; and families’
acute concerns about the prospect of recall once on licence.</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
44 Nonetheless, the Parole Board’s – and others’ –
past and ongoing efforts to improve the progression of IPP prisoners do provide
reasons for hope. We are pleased also to note the Parole Board’s public
recognition of the injustice perceived by many IPP prisoners and their
families. It has stated, for example, that it ‘is clear that more can and
should be done to give hope and a reason to engage in rehabilitative activity
to the majority of IPP prisoners.’</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
455.4. HMPPS Psychology a) Families told us that specific issues faced
included: Families were often concerned that requirements placed on their
relative in terms of lowering •their assessed risk did not always align with
what could reasonably be achieved. This typically related to the availability –
or otherwise – of particular offending behaviour programmes and other courses,</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
46 and sometimes also to factors specific to a
prisoner (including the existence of learning disability, mental health needs,
or language issues):Prisoners are told they have got to do these courses. But
either they are not available because they are full up, or they don’t run them,
or you have got to wait years for them ...How are they supposed to achieve the
unachievable? workshop participant A related concern was that IPP prisoners’
loss of hope in release became a self-fulfilling </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•prophecy, with ‘the
frustration, the anxiety, the despair that they suffer...somebody’s life
drifting away’. A lack of consistency and continuity in relationship between
staff and prisoner (and family) was a common concern. This was seen as being
particularly important in relation to psychologists whom families felt could
enhance rehabilitative efforts by providing long-term therapeutic
relationships: My son has had the most amazing psychologist and she is a very
experienced forensic psychologist and she has done nothing but support him for
... the last four years, yeah, she’s been amazing ... She is very experienced,
very down to earth and realistic about the 13</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
14sentence
and what he needed ... she put in all the referrals for the services, she made
sure that she was still involved when he was discharged, released from prison.
She continued until she couldn’t do it anymore ... She has been one of the only
professionals that’s been consistent over five years with him and that’s made a
big difference. He completely trusts her, she knows everything about him, she’s
done therapy with him and everything ... It shows you the importance of someone
who ... understands the IPP. workshop participant b) Policies and practices
already in place or in development at relevant organisation: From its inception
to the present day, individualised risk assessment, and HMPPS psychologists,
have been central to the operation of the IPP sentence – in particular
decisions on progression and release.47 Concerns raised by families about efforts by IPP prisoners to progress
(and their own efforts to contribute to this) align with more general concerns
– raised in the scholarly literature and elsewhere – about the limitations and
unintended consequences of an individualistic conception of ‘risk’ and thus
‘rehabilitation’.48 We are pleased to learn of
efforts to develop a strategy towards IPP prisoners that prioritises a
strength-based perspective deriving lessons from the desistance from crime
literature. Following the setting up of a joint HMPPS-Parole Board IPP Action
Plan in 2016, a central case file review of IPP prisoners who had not made the
anticipated progress was conducted by senior psychologists. It has been
reported that: out of 1,365 completed reviews, 233 prisoners in these most
challenging cases achieved release, with a further 401 achieving a progressive
move to open conditions. We have put in place enhanced case management for the
most complex cases, so that a multidisciplinary team can work together to
remove barriers to progression.49Furthermore,
this action plan set out to assist IPP prisoners in demonstrating their
suitability for release by: prioritising post-tariff prisoners in accessing
rehabilitative interventions, including psychology service-led reviews in cases
where there has not been satisfactory progression, and enhanced case management
for those prisoners sentenced with a complex set of risks and needs.50Additionally, progression regimes have been
developed and implemented at four prisons across the country, which are
‘dedicated to progressing indeterminate prisoners struggling to achieve release
via the usual routes.’51However, difficulties have been
recognised concerning the limits of available resources that may hinder the
ability to address and promote important factors including hope, family
engagement, and employment. </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
5.5.
Third sector organisations a) Families told us that specific issues faced
included: They reported making little use of services provided by third sector
organisations. Some •participants preferred ‘to just keep a little circle, you
don’t want everyone knowing your business’, to ‘look to my family for support,
so I don’t feel the need to go outside of that’ (workshop participant). When
those services were accessed however, participants particularly valued being
listened to and when service providers acted: I found that Pact was so good,
they actually listened to me, they wrote everything down, they came back to me
and said, ‘Look, we’re going to do this, this and this,’ and I mean, actually
when he was in the prison, made an appointment to see him and then ended up ...
saying, ‘We’ve heard that you’ve had these problems here with your mental
health and not getting the help you need and is there anything you’d like to do
– this is what we can offer to help you with.’ I mean, I think they were
amazing, you know, to take it that far. workshop participant Some respondents
had tried to contact non-criminal justice charities, such as mental health
charities, and had been disappointed by their apparent unwillingness to provide
support. Many families reported having a need for signposting towards relevant
organisations for •support with issues related to the IPP. Some families,
ideally, desired a specialised, comprehensive support system dedicated •solely
to IPP and its impact upon family members and loved ones. In particular they
reported valuing mental health support in relation to the pains associated with
the IPP sentence. Some participants pointed out that being able to share their
thoughts and concerns in a •small peer group, reflective of our workshop
structure, would provide a sense of ‘being received’, being heard, in turn
providing immense relief for stress. They suggested that the development of
peer support systems (beyond campaigning and activist activities) would be
valued. This could take the format of regional or national support group
meetings with other family members of IPP prisoners where trust and
understanding were key. b) Policies and practices already in place or in
development at relevant organisation: Third sector organisations Pact and POPS
have both provided support to families of people serving IPPs, along with
others including the Prison Reform Trust and Howard League for Penal Reform. It
is likely that other charities are also providing some support for families of
IPP prisoners. These organisations are generally constrained by limited
resources, yet we were nevertheless struck by the extent to which their staff
and volunteers sought to go above and beyond to help families who had contacted
them.</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
We were
made aware of specific schemes that could provide a useful model for the
support offamilies of IPP prisoners. One example was the POPs partnership with
Greater Manchester Probation Trust from 2009 that focussed on providing
integrated support for families of people subject to an Intensive Alternative
to Custody Order.52 Any such initiative would of
course require adequate resourcing. This report focuses on criminal justice
organisations. It should be noted, however, that the significant negative health
effects reported by families of IPP prisoners can be viewed as a public health
issue.53 The numerous ways in which the
effects of imprisonment ripple out beyond the prison walls, impacting children,
families and communities, are increasingly well-documented.54At the same time, it is clear that a lack of
adequate supports in terms of housing, employment and other basic needs,
dramatically undermines efforts by ex-prisoners and their families to achieve
successful resettlement.55We share Liebling et al’s (2019)
concern at the ‘tragic “dropping off” of ... support on release’.56Thus, while beyond the scope of this report to
examine these matters in detail, we emphasise that these issues generally – and
specifically as regards families of those serving IPP sentences – require
policy and practice responses beyond criminal justice, including health,
education, housing and social welfare. 16</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
6.
Recommendations6.1.
Legislation Ultimately, the specific difficulties set out in this report result
from the creation of the IPP sentence, and the failure to take retrospective
action at the time of its abolition in 2012. There remains a need to legislate
to end the injustice it represents for those still serving it, whether in
custody or on licence in the community. The precise shape and scope of that
legislation is beyond the remit of this study, but now requires a detailed
technical proposal to be constructed and parliamentary time found for its
implementation. 6.2. Prison Service Policy and practice Ensure that families
are consistently and reliably able to be recognised and involved as </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•advocates
for their relative serving an IPP sentence, where appropriate. Prioritise
consistency in building staff-prisoner and staff-family relationships over
time. </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•Ensure
that those serving IPP are in establishments which can both support progress </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•towards
release and facilitate contact with family. Relevant prisons to have a
dedicated IPP caseworker, with protected caseload of IPP •prisoners.
Information and communication Ensure a system is in place whereby family
members with concerns about a prisoner’s •safety can contact an identified
member of staff – and expect an appropriate response – without delay.57Ensure that prisoners are able to communicate with
family members as a matter of •urgency during times of high stress or crisis
(including failure to achieve progression or release at parole hearing). HMPPS
to develop appropriate information materials for families that explain the
systems, </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•processes
and responsibilities related to the IPP sentence (see 2.3). Ensure swift and
straightforward communication between IPP prisoners’ family members, </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•the
prisoner’s key worker, and other relevant staff. Ensure clear information for
families is available regarding recall, including clarity regarding </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•contact
details, taking into account the high levels of stress often caused by recall
and related uncertainties. Training and guidance Improved training to ensure
that all staff who come into contact with IPPs understand the </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•specific
issues relating to the IPP sentence, particularly in terms of the practical
implications of the sentence and the ramifications of this for families of IPP
prisoners. 17</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
186.3.
Probation Service Policy and practice Ensure that families are consistently and
reliably able to be recognised and involved as •advocates for their relative
serving an IPP sentence, where appropriate. Set clear expectations that
offender managers and supervisors will consider and pursue </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•avenues
of progression for IPP prisoners and provide support in a timely manner. Review
the use of Approved Premises as release options, and appropriate alternatives. </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•Ensure
continuity and consistency in the allocation of, and communication with,
dedicated •offender managers. Information and communication Ensure swift and
straightforward communication between IPP prisoners’ family members – </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•in
particular those identified as advocates – and relevant staff. HMPPS to develop
appropriate information materials for families that explain the systems, </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•processes
and responsibilities related to the IPP sentence. These would include: -
Understanding the post-release licence - Understanding recall - Possible
processes such as suspending some licence conditions or ending the licence
Training and guidance Improved training to ensure that all staff who come into
contact with IPPs understand the </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•specific
issues relating to the IPP sentence, particularly in terms of the practical
implications of the sentence and the ramifications of this for families of IPP
prisoners. Develop clear guidance for probation staff around IPP licensing
conditions (particularly in •relation to recall) and how this affects families’
daily lives. 6.4. Parole Board Policy and practice Ensure policy is consistent
in terms of how the chair of a parole hearing should treat family </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•members
in attendance. Develop policy for written contributions by family members to
parole hearings and produce </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•related
guidance for families. Information and communication Develop information
materials for families that explain the systems, processes and
•responsibilities related to parole aspects of the IPP sentence. </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
Training
and guidanceProvision of guidance to Parole Board members as regards families
of IPP prisoners: </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•including
the issues that they face, the role families often seek to play in supporting
their relative, and the potential role they can play in successful
resettlement. 6.5. HMPPS psychology Policy and practice HMPPS to ensure IPP
prisoners are provided access to relevant programmes within </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•appropriate
timescales. Progression and release plans to involve families where appropriate,
and reflect on the •positive role they may be able to play (and support that
may be required to facilitate this). 6.6. Third sector organisations
Information and communication Explore the possibility of establishing a
‘Families of People Serving IPP’ webpage, bringing </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•together
– or linking to – sources information about IPP policies and processes. This
wouldact as a ‘one stop shop’ for families of those serving an IPP sentence to
obtain information in a straightforward and accessible manner. Relevant
organistions that support families of prisoners are encouraged to explore the</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•possibility
of facilitating local peer support groups for family members of people serving
IPPs.Training and guidance Relevant organistions are encouraged to explore the
development of guidance documents </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
•for
staff/volunteers providing support for families of prisoners, specifically on
the issues facedby families regarding the IPP sentence. 7. Conclusion This report has made clear the
pains experienced by families of those serving IPP sentences. It has set out
the specific challenges they face, and the ways in which their vital role in
the resettlement of people serving IPPs could better be supported. We have seen
that families report a sense of the injustice ‘eating away at you’ and the
stress of ‘not knowing when it will ever end’ (workshop participant).58 Families often reported finding it difficult to
obtain information about even basic matters. Important processes like parole
hearings or recall, the division of responsibilities between organisations, and
other crucial matters often remained obscure. 19</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
20Efforts
to help their relatives were experienced as stressful and time-consuming, and
families often felt over-burdened by the labour required of them. At the same
time, they reported feeling ignored or side lined, with their efforts to
support their relative not recognised. This left many feeling ‘powerless’,
‘depleted’ and sometimes both (workshop participant). These experiences are
particularly concerning given the central role that can often be played by
families in the successful resettlement of prisoners. The recommendations set
out here, if implemented, would constitute important steps in mitigating the
pains experienced by families, and reducing barriers experienced by them that
hinder their efforts to support their relative. The changes proposed in this
report would benefit not only the families of people serving IPPs, but also:
those serving IPPs themselves; relevant criminal justice organisations (by
easing the costs and burdens imposed by this sentence); other public services
(by reducing the negative health effects experienced by families, for example);
and the wider public (by improving the prospects of successful long-term
rehabilitation for people sentenced to IPP). We have seen that the IPP sentence
was recognised by the government in 2011 to have been ‘unclear, inconsistent
and have been used far more than was ever intended,’59 and that there has
been more recent governmental recognition of the ‘concern and wisdom’
cumulatively gained over the 15 years since the introduction of the sentence.60 We welcome the
progress that has been made over recent years to address the legacy of the IPP
sentence. There is, however, still more that must be done. </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
We
are especially grateful to all family members, loved ones, and friends of IPP
prisoners for sharing their
time, dedication and thoughts with us. </h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
We appreciate greatly the trust we were invested with, and participants’ willingness
to talk about painful experiences as well as expressing
their hopes and ideas for a better future</h2>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
It
should be noted that families of people serving IPP sentences have been
particularly active in campaigning about the situation
they face, and engaging directly with relevant policymakers. See, for example,
‘IPP Prisoners Family's Campaign:
Justice for IPP Prisoners, lobbying group’
http://ippfanilycampaign.blogspot.com/ Continued at bottom of page. </h2>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
...……………………………………...…………….....</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b></b><b></b><b></b><b></b><br /></div>
<h2 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">[2019] EWHC 2710 Case No: CO/2565/2019<br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; orphans: 2; word-spacing: 0px;" />
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto;"><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; orphans: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE QUEEN'S BENCH
DIVISION ADMINISTRATIVE COURT Royal Courts of Justice Strand, London, WC2A
2LL</span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; orphans: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">Date: 17/10/2019 Before : MR JUSTICE PUSHPINDER
SAINI (ON THE APPLICATION OF WELLS) Claimant - and
- PAROLE BOARD Defendant</span><span style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; orphans: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></span><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">IPP Prisoner
given released, Court Judgment</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">This was a
successful judicial review for Mr Mark Wells I am really pleased regarding
the judges conclusion, well done to his Barrister, good work.<br />
<br />
Although his counsel had challenged the parole board on a number of grounds the
cruncher is the following:-<br />
'the Decision the Panel appears to have considered that it had to be satisfied
that there was essentially no risk of re offending. That cannot be
correct in law'<br />
</span><br />
<div>
It shows in this case the parole board were making his detention almost
arbitrary because they had incorrectly disregarded the professional evaluations
(psychologists). They also incorrectly assessed the perceived risk bar for post
tariff IPPs.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
As the judge mentions, the parole board must now expedite another review.
This is because the judge has NO power to release Mr Wells, only the parole
board can do this.<br />
<br />
So to clarify, this judgement is a slap on the wrist for the parole board. I
would hope they will accept the judgment as its very clear and I would hope
they would revaluate their decision without trying to undermine this
judgement. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> As mentioned in the report they remained neutral in these
proceedings so I would hope they would redo his parole review within 12weeks
and grant his release.</span><br />
<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background: white; color: black; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The Claimant argues </span><span style="font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></div>
</span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">that the relevant Panel of the Board (“the Panel”) misdirected itself in law in the Decision (Ground 1) and also committed a number of additional public law errors which I address in numbered Grounds 2-4 below. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">2. In accordance with its Litigation Strategy document (revised in August 2015), the Parole Board, as a quasi-judicial body, has decided to maintain neutrality in the proceedings. The Secretary of State for Justice, served as an Interested Party by the Parole Board, has also adopted a neutral position. They accordingly did not appear before me or provide any substantive representations on the issues. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">3. The Claimant, aged 48 years, is </span>currently <i>serving an indeterminate sentence of imprisonment for public protection (IPP) </i><span style="font-weight: normal;">at HMP High Down. That sentence was imposed on 27 September 2005 by His Honour Judge Martineau sitting in the Crown Court at Blackfriars upon the Claimant’s conviction for the offence of robbery. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The circumstances surrounding this offence were as follows. </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">On 20 May 2005 the Claimant and his co-defendant were en route to the co-defendant’s uncle’s house when they approached the victim and demanded money and cigarettes from him. The Claimant took the victim’s wallet containing bank cards. The Claimant demanded that the victim go to a cash point to draw money, however, the victim managed to escape. The Claimant subsequently accepted that he was under the influence alcohol at the time of the offence. He entered a guilty plea at the earliest opportunity. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">4. As appears below, the Claimant’s history of offending required the imposition of an indeterminate sentence but the Judge set the Claimant’s minimum tariff at a relatively modest period of 2 years.</span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li>This expired on 27 September 2007. </li>
<li>The Claimant had by the time of actual first release date served a period of 12 years and 8 months. </li>
<li>He was released on 20 November 2017 but subsequently recalled on 26 January 2018. </li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">5. The reasons for recall were, in summary, that the Claimant had failed to comply with his licence condition requiring that he confine himself to his approved address between certain hours; that he had discharged himself from rehabilitation on 25<br />Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. R (Wells) v Parole Board<br /><br />January 2018 and failed to make contact with his probation officer to inform him of the change in circumstances. The Claimant was at large for 2 months but no offences were committed during this time. There is evidence that the Claimant "may have been under the influence during some of this time. Substance abuse, both drugs and alcohol, are features of the Claimant’s history and form the backdrop to his offending.</span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />6. The oral hearing which culminated in the Decision under challenge took place on 2 April 2019. The Claimant was legally represented and also gave oral evidence. Although the Parole Board refused to direct his release they did recommend a transfer to open conditions. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />7. The circumstances in which the Judge imposed an indeterminate sentence appear from his sentencing comments. I set them out because they explain the prior offending of the Claimant and also express the Judge’s views as to how long one might expect the Claimant to be in custody: </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />“Mark Wells, as far as you are concerned I regard my hands as being tied by Parliament, and they intended that the court’s hands should be tied in the circumstances set out in the Criminal Justice Act and the relevant provisions of it in 2003. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">It seems to me that bearing in mind your relevant previous convictions – robbery in 1989, wounding in 1990, affray in 1990, assault occasioning actual bodily harm in 1998, robbery in 2001, possessing a bladed article in as recently as February 2003 – some of these offences require me to assume that you pose a significant risk of harm to members of the public; </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">I must assume that unless it would be unreasonable to conclude that you do pose such a risk. You just committed an offence of robbery; it does not appear that you have a weapon, but matters can very easily escalate when a robbery takes place, particularly if there is resistance by the victim and violence falls to be used by the robbers. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">It seems to me looking at the totality of your convictions, the ones I have mentioned, the carrying of a bladed article relatively recently as I have said already is a short step between carrying such an article in a public place and using it if a confrontation arises suddenly and unexpectedly. Therefore I cannot conclude that it would be unreasonable to say there is no such risk. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />The Parole Board will consider your case after 2 years and they may or may not come to the conclusion that you are fit to be released. If they take the view about your past offences that the more serious is a long time ago and more recent offences of violence have been less serious, they may well permit your release…</span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">If they do not release you, then it is an indefinite sentence, there is no guarantee you have release, but I would be very surprised – since there are many cases far worse than yours of extreme gravity where somebody would be kept in custody for a very long period. I very much doubt if you are in that bracket”.<br />Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. R (Wells) v Parole Board<br /><br /><br />8. It is of some relevance that the Claimant has completed a substantial number of following Accredited Offending Behaviour Programmes since he was sentenced for the substantive offence, including: </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br />(i) ETS (Enhanced Thinking Skills) (2007)</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
(ii) CALM (Controlling Anger and Learning to Manage it) (2007) </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
(iii) ADTP (RAPT Alcohol Dependency Treatment Programme) (2011) (iv) TSP (Thinking Skills Programme) (in community in open conditions, 2010)</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
(v) RESOLVE (2015) (vi) Pathways Recovery Group (2015) (vii) AA (Alcoholics Anonymous) (2015, 2017/ 2018) (viii) NA (Narcotics Anonymous) (2017/ 2018) (ix) Bridge Programme (2018) </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />9. In terms of context, it is important to record the conclusions of an earlier Parole Board panel. A Parole Board hearing (the Claimant’s sixth review) took place on 19 October 2017. In the decision letter dated 23 October 2017 directing release the Parole Board concluded: </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />“Your offender manager assessed you as posing a high risk of serious harm to the public. Your offender supervisor considered that risk of serious harm was at a medium to high level.<br />OVP indicated a medium likelihood of violent reoffending.<br />In the panel’s view, you present a medium risk of serious harm and reoffending. The panel agreed that substance misuse would be the trigger for an escalation in risk.<br />…<br />You are assessed by the panel as posing a medium risk of serious harm and reoffending. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />You have previously failed to progress through open conditions on three occasions and the panel has not identified any benefits of you returning there… </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Your release was recommended by all witnesses and a risk management plan is in place to address those risks that you continue to present. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">The panel is satisfied that it is no longer necessary for the protection of the public that you remain in prison.”<br />(emphasis supplied)<br /> II. Evidence before the Parole Board<br />Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. R (Wells) v Parole Board<br /><br /><br />10. There was a substantial amount of historic and current evidence before the Parole Board. I have considered that material. I will set out below such of that evidence as appears to me to be relevant to the Grounds of challenge relied upon in this claim. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">11. Prison psychologist, Dr. Emilia Morton in her report dated 11 January 2019 stated:<br />“It is my judgement that Mr Wells’ risk for future violence is highly dependent on him remaining abstinent.</span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"> It is my assessment that Mr Wells’ risk of re-offending using violence is low if he does not relapse into substance dependency.<br />…<br />I have not recommended Mr Wells to remain in closed conditions, as it is my assessment that his level of risk does not indicate the need for it. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">In conversations with a treatment manager for the adapted moderate intensity programme New Me Strengths+, Ms Green at HMP Bullingdon, she is concerned that Mr Wells has completed several moderate intensity violence reduction programmes to a level of probably saturation. As this is the case, Mr Wells would probably be found unsuitable to attend an additional programme concerning reduction of further violence.” </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">12.</span> "Independent psychologist<span style="font-weight: normal;">, Jennifer Bamford said as follows in a report dated 6 January 2019:<br />“In my opinion, essential strategies are those that relate to substance misuse specifically. The imminence of this risk in closed and open prison is low and in the community is assessed as low - moderate. In my opinion, Mr Wells’ risk can now be safely managed in the community with the recommendations outlined below<br />…<br />It is my considered opinion, based on risk assessment, that Mr Wells’ risk can now be safely managed in the community if he were released to a rehabilitation environment or to an AP with plans for a moderate – high level of support for his substance misuse. Detailed recommendations are outlined above in section 7 of this report.” </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br />13. In a Memorandum of Agreement dated 21 March 2019, both psychologists agreed on the following: </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
“- Both psychologists felt that Mr Wells demonstrated good insight but that his ability to apply this learning at times of acute stress is somewhat impaired, possibly due to his cognitive limitations, and that he requires support to try and integrate his learning into real life scenarios/settings. </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br />Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. R (Wells) v Parole Board<br /><br /><ul>
<li>- Both psychologists recommend that Mr Wells be transferred to a residential rehabilitation unit in the community. </li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
- Both psychologists agree that release to an AP could be safely manageable if sufficient support around substance misuse was available, but this is a secondary recommendation to residential rehabilitation. <span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />- Both psychologists agree that open conditions is not necessary, nor is it the most supportive of environments for Mr Wells.”<br />14. Rebecca Feek, Offender Supervisor, in the Sentence Planning and Review Report dated 14 September 2018, concluded that:<br />“Mr. Wells has completed a number of custodial interventions prior to his release on licence including the Thinking Skills Programme (TSP), RESOLVE, Controlling Anger & Learning how to Manage it (CALM) and Rehabilitation for Addicted Prisoners trust (RAPt) 12-Step Programme. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br />Mr. Wells’ last instance of violence was an adjudication on 21/08/2014 </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">When he was found fighting with a prisoner. Whilst Mr Wells was non-compliant on licence, there is no evidence to suggest that he was violent or had committed any further offences. </span><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span>w<br />…<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">I would assess that Mr. Wells’ risk is manageable in the community whilst residing at an Approved Premises and attending the local Drug Support Team… A licence condition to comply with drug testing would assist in assuring that Mr. Wells is managing his risk of relapse into Substance Misuse.” </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
15. Offender Manager, Rachel Horton, prepared a report dated 1 March 2019 in which she observed:</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;">“A previous Psychological Assessment (05/08/15) has highlighted that Mr Wells has borderline/ low levels of intellectual functioning which could impact on his ability to learn from programmes he undertakes.</span></li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">He has never completed any adapted programmes. </span><br />…<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">Since being in custody, Mr Wells has completed the Bridge Programme and the feedback has been positive from group facilitators. They have highlighted that he engaged well on the programme and was able to demonstrate appropriate insight<br />Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. R (Wells) v Parole Board<br /><br /> around his addiction problems and future triggers leading to relapse.<br />I would concur with the Psychology Report and believe the most supportive move for Mr Wells, at this stage, would be to engage in a residential rehabilitation unit in the community. </span><br />…<br />I do not believe that Mr Wells would benefit from a move to open conditions as it would not allow him to continue to build upon the work he has undertaken around substance misuse in closed conditions.<br />…<br />Lastly, I assess that his risk is manageable in the community. Therefore, it is no longer necessary for the protection of the public for him to remain in custody.”<br /><br /> <span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />III. The Decision<br />16. The following passages from the Decision are of some importance and I set them out in full in order for the Grounds of challenge and my reasons to be properly understood.<br />17. Between paras.6-8 the Panel set out its detailed reasons on the issue of risk. Omitting certain immaterial parts of these sections, the Panel observed as follows (with my emphasis): </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">“Your OGRS score places you in a group with a medium risk of reoffending. A recent OASys assessed you as having a medium risk of general and violent reoffending and a medium risk of serious harm to the public. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Both psychologists assessed you as presenting as a low to medium risk of future violent offending and do not consider that our risk is imminent. The panel agree that your risk of causing harm is not imminent but considered that your risk of further violence may be underestimated given that you are yet to demonstrate that you can maintain a period of stability in the community. The key warning sign that your risks were increasing would be a lapse into substance misuse.<br />…<br />Both psychologists recommended that you be released into residential rehabilitation or, as a secondary recommendation, to approved premises with support around substance misuse. Neither considered that open </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. R (Wells) v Parole Board </span><br /><br /> <span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />conditions was necessary or would be the most supportive environment for you… Ms Feek and Ms Horton both recommended that you be released, ideally to residential rehab.<br />…<br />[T]he panel had concerns that you have progressed to open conditions three times and been released once and on each occasion have not been able to maintain your motivation to avoid substances. One (sic) the most recent occasion you had dropped out of contact as you relapsed into substance misuse which meant that the warnings signs could not be picked up. The panel did not share the confidence of witnesses that you had learnt from previous experiences where you thought you would be able to manage but could not… The panel concluded that the proposed plan, be it approved premises or third stage rehab, was not likely to be able to manage your risks, particularly as it did not offer the level of support and monitoring that you had previously been released with. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li>The panel reached this conclusion having also carefully considered whether the option of a “trail monitoring” electronic tag</li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">could assist in managing the inevitable elevation in risk if you were to again drop out of contact. However, bearing in mind that you would only need to remove the tag, it decided that greater internal controls on your part were essential before you could be safely in the community.<br />…<br />The index offence was a serious matter and was part of a pattern of violent and aggressive behaviour, often associated with substance misuse. You have made good progress in addressing your risk factors but have repeatedly struggled to put that knowledge into practice. The panel appreciated that you had not been violent for a considerable time. However, you have continued to display active risk factors associated with your use of violence. You also have not yet built the protective factors which would be key to helping you live an offence free life in the future. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"> As a result, the panel concluded that your risks could not be safely managed in the community. Having taken into account the written and oral evidence the panel considers that you need to remain confined for the protection of the public and did not direct your release. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />The panel concluded that the benefits of a move to open conditions outweighed your risks and recommended that you be transferred to open conditions.”<br /><br />Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. R (Wells) v Parole Board<br /><br />IV. Legal Framework<br />18. Section 32 of the Crime (Sentences) Act 1997 provides in material part:<br />“(4) The Secretary of State shall refer to the Parole Board – the case of a life prisoner recalled under this section. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">(5) Where on a reference under subsection (4) above the Parole Board directs the immediate release on licence under this section of the life prisoner, the Secretary of State shall give effect to the direction.” </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />19. Under section 28(6)(b) of the Crime (Sentences) Act 1997, the Parole Board shall not give a direction for the release of a life sentence prisoner unless: </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />“the Board is satisfied that it is no longer necessary for the protection of the public that the prisoner should be confined.” (emphasis supplied) </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />20. It follows that the Parole Board can only direct the release of a life sentence prisoner if it is satisfied that it is no longer necessary for the protection of the public that the prisoner should be confined. So, the danger posed by the prisoner must be of reoffending that would cause serious harm to the public and the level of risk that would justify post-tariff detention, is a substantial, or more than a minimal, risk. I will return to case law on IPP sentences below. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">21. Following the Supreme Court’s judgment in the case of Osborn & others v Parole Board [2013] UKSC 61; [2014] A.C. 1115, the Parole Board issued a document entitled ‘Practical Guidance for referral of cases to an Oral Hearing 2013’. It is material that the guidance states: </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br />“When dealing with cases concerning post-tariff indeterminate sentence prisoners, it should scrutinize ever more anxiously whether the level of risk is unacceptable, the longer the time the prisoner has spent in prison following the expiry of his tariff.”<br /><br /><br />V. Ground 1: misdirection in law </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">22. Although not put precisely in these terms, it appears to me that the Claimant’s first ground can more clearly be formulated as essentially a submission that the Decision, on its face, reveals a misdirection in law. Counsel for the Claimant had termed this ground as “illegality” in her clear and helpful written grounds but, as discussed at the hearing, it is in fact a more simple complaint of misdirection in law. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />23. As set out in more detail above (see para. [17]), the Panel observed in a crucial concluding paragraph that:<br />“You also have not yet built the protective factors which would be key to helping you live an offence free life in the future.” (underlining supplied)<br />Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. R (Wells) v Parole Board </span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">24. In my judgment, it is hard to avoid the conclusion that the Panel misdirected itself in law as to the hurdle which they considered the Claimant had to overcome. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Reading this paragraph in the context of those preceding it, in my reading of the Decision the Panel appears to have considered that it had to be satisfied that that there was essentially no risk of reoffending. That cannot be correct in law. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">25. In R (Brooke) v PB [2008] EWCA Civ 29; [2008] 1 W.L.R. 1950 at [53] Lord Phillips CJ observed:<br />“Judging whether it is necessary for the protection of the public that a prisoner be confined is often no easy matter… it does not require that a prisoner be detained until the board is satisfied that there is no risk [emphasis in the original] that he will reoffend. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;">What is necessary for the protection of the public is that the risk of re-offending is at a level that does not outweigh the hardship of keeping a prisoner detained after he has served the term commensurate with his fault. Deciding whether this is the case is the board’s judicial function.” </span></li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />26. The Panel’s approach does not to my mind faithfully apply the terms of the statute or this important judicial guidance. Rather than evaluating whether the Claimant would be “offence free” (effectively, no risk of reoffending), they should have instead assessed whether any potential risk was proportionate with his continued detention. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">27. In my judgment, as a post-tariff IPP prisoner, Mr Well’s continued detention depended upon whether he posed a risk of committing offences that may occasion serious harm.</span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"> That is, offences of serious violence like his index offence: R (Sturnham) v Parole Board [2013] 2 A.C. 254, per Lord Carnwath at para. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
45. The question being:<span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">is there is a risk to life and limb from which the public needs protection by way of the Claimant’s continued detention? That is very different from asking whether the Claimant would remain “offence free”.</span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;">28. I accordingly conclude that the first Ground succeeds and that is enough to justify the quashing of the Decision. I will now however turn to consider the further Grounds argued before me. </span></li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br />VI. Ground 2: irrationality and reasons </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">29. I have set out the evidence before the Panel at some length above. That was necessary in order to properly assess the rationality challenge. The essential submission is that in the light of that evidence the Panel’s conclusion that Mr Well’s risks could not be safely managed in the community was irrational. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">As I explain below,</span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
I prefer to approach this Ground 2 (the rationality challenge) and the Ground 4 challenge (reasons challenge) together. </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">30. As is obvious, a rationality challenge in public law is always a substantial challenge for a Claimant; and particularly so, when dealing with a specialist quasi-judicial body which will have developed experience in assessements of risk in an area where caution is required.<br />Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. R (Wells) v Parole Board<br /><br /><br />31. A modern approach to the Associated Provincial Picture Houses Ltd v Wednesbury Corporation (1948) 1 K.B. 223 (CA) test is not to simply ask the crude and unhelpful question: was the decision irrational?<br />32. A more nuanced approach in modern public law is to test the decision-maker’s ultimate conclusion against the evidence before it and to ask whether the conclusion can (with due deference and with regard to the Panel’s expertise) be safely justified on the basis of that evidence, particularly in a context where anxious scrutiny needs to be applied. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">33. I emphasise that this approach is simply another way of applying Lord Greene MR’s famous dictum in Wednesbury (at 230: “no reasonable body could have come to [the decision]”) but it is preferable in my view to approach the test in more practical and structured terms on the following lines: does the conclusion follow from the evidence or is there an unexplained evidential gap or leap in reasoning which fails to justify the conclusion? </span><br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">34. This may in certain respects also be seen as an aspect of the duty to give reasons which engage with the evidence before the decision-maker. An unreasonable decision is also often a decision which fails to provide reasons justifying the conclusion. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />35. I should also emphasise that under the modern context-specific approach to rationality and reasons challenges, the area with which I am concerned (detention and liberty) requires me to adopt an anxious scrutiny of the Decision: see Judicial Review (Sixth Edition), Supperstone, Goudie and Walker at para.8.12. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">36. Applying the above approach, I consider that both a rationality and reasons challenge succeed in this case. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />37. My reasoning is as follows:<br />(i) Both psychologists assessed the Claimant as presenting a low to moderate risk of future offending and did not consider risk as imminent (this assessment of imminence was accepted by the Panel); (ii) A recent OASys assessed that the Claimant presented a medium risk of general and violent reoffending, this was not an increase from previous assessments; (iii) Both psychologists, the offender manager and the offender supervisor supported release, no professional supported a referral to open conditions instead (notably, there was no evidence being presented to the contrary); (iv) </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;">The Panel seems to have failed to indicate what conclusion they reached regarding risk,</span></li>
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;">simply stating that they ‘considered that [his] risk of further violence may be underestimated’; there is a lack of a specific conclusion on risk from the Panel itself in this regard; (v) The Panel did not apparently conclude that risk had increased since the previous decision to release; (vi) There had been no allegations that he has acted in a violent manner either inside or outside custody since 2014; </span></li>
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;"> (vii) The Claimant had not been arrested for committing any violent offences whilst released, despite being unlawfully at large for two months; (viii) Points (vi) and (vii) are particularly powerful and needed to be engaged with by the Panel.</span></li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. R (Wells) v Parole Board<br /><br /><br />(ix) The Claimant had completed a full range of offender behaviour programmes during his incarceration, including in the period between recall and the panel date, so much so that he has been described as “saturated” (see the report of Dr. Morton to which I make reference at para. [11] above); (x) Importantly, the Panel did not identify any further courses that needed to be undertaken prior to any future panel meeting; (xi) Although of course not binding, I have set above that at an earlier oral hearing 19 October 2017, another panel carefully analysed all the evidence and risk assessments and directed release. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;">They confirmed that they did not identify any benefits of returning to open conditions. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;">They could only have reached their conclusion to release having satisfied themselves that there were no outstanding areas of core risk that needed to be addressed. </span></li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;">38. I accept that the Panel was not bound by the expert evidence before it but I consider that the extent of the reasoning given by the Panel for coming to conclusion that the risks posed by the Claimant could not be managed in the community fell below an acceptable standard in public law. </span></li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />39. Although made in the context of general civil litigation, the observations of Henry LJ (for the Court of Appeal) in the well-known case Flannery v Halifax Estate Agencies Limited [2000] 1 WLR 377 (CA) at 381B-D are apposite (see also the helpful summary in the notes to CPR Part 35 at para.35.05.5 of the White Book, Vol.1). </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><ul>
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;">40. The duty to give reasons is heightened when the decision-maker is faced with expert evidence which the Panel appears, implicitly at least, to be rejecting.</span></li>
<li> <span style="font-weight: normal;">I also consider that departure from an earlier reasoned recent decision from another Panel required some explanation. </span></li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;">41. I accordingly conclude that the Panel’s decision failed to reflect the evidence before it or to explain in more detail why such evidence was being rejected. </span></li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The rationality and reasons challenges as formulated above under Ground 2 succeed.<br /> </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
VII. Ground 3: relevant considerations<ul>
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;">42. I can deal with this Ground more briefly. It is argued that little consideration appears to have been given to assertions that there is a low level of intellectual functioning</span></li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">and the associated capacity to benefit from mainstream offending behaviour work (which goes directly to assessing the most supportive environment to reduce risk).</span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li> <span style="font-weight: normal;">It is complained that the Claimant’s intellectual capacity is mentioned just once in passing in the Decision as follows:</span></li>
</ul>
“You have been assessed having a borderline / extremely low level of intellectual functioning although have been able to engage in mainstream programmes.” </h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">43. I reject this challenge. I do not consider the Panel needed to address this point again. It referred to the matter sufficiently and I do not accept it failed to consider a relevant matter.<br />Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. R (Wells) v Parole Board </span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">44. A separate matter concerns the fact that it was indicated in the oral hearing that the Claimant would be willing to wear a tracking device or monitoring bracelet to alleviate fears of the panel. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li>"It is argued that the Panel failed to place any weight on this potentially significant protective factor, instead just remarking that a device could just be removed. </li>
<li>It is said that the Panel did not take into account the safeguards and security invariably in place, that removal of a bracelet can be charged as criminal damage, an offence in itself, and that removal would inevitably alert the relevant team. </li>
</ul>
</h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">45. I reject this challenge. I consider that the Panel would have been well aware of the fact that removal of a device would not be straightforward and that adverse consequences would follow if the Claimant took such a step. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">46. Finally, it was argued that the Panel placed too little emphasis on the fact that the Claimant had not been arrested nor committed any violent offences during his time in the community, even when unlawfully at large. Counsel however accepted that this was simply another aspect of the rationality challenge which I have addressed under Ground 2 above.<br />47. I accordingly dismiss the Ground 3 challenges. </span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">VIII. Ground 4: inadequate reasons<br />48. The argument under Ground 4 is that the Panel failed to indicate what conclusion they had reached regarding level of risk, simply stating they, ‘considered that [his] risk of further violence may be underestimated’. </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />49. The Claimant argues that given that the assessment of potential risk is fundamental to the decision regarding release, the review process and indeed the decisions of potential future panels, this reasoning is wholly inadequate.<br />50. As I have concluded above, I consider that there is merit in the reasons challenge which I considered as an aspect of Ground 1. The complaint about the failure to make a finding on level of risk falls within that Ground. See paragraph [34(iv)] above. </span><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">IX. Conclusion<br />51. For the reasons given above, I will make an order granting the Claimant the following relief: </span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />(i) The decision of the Defendant dated 2 April 2019 is quashed; (ii) The Interested Party shall refer the Claimant’s application for release to a fresh panel of the Defendant; (iii) Detailed assessment of the Claimant’s publicly funded costs. (iv) Permission to apply to vary para. (iii).<br />52. The permission to apply to vary para. (iii) in relation to costs is given in the light of the fact that I am informed by Counsel for the Claimant that R (on the application of<br />Judgment Approved by the court for handing down. R (Wells) v Parole Board </span><br /><br /><br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">Gourley) v Parole Board [2017] EWCA Civ 1003 is subject to a further appeal on the question of the Parole Board’s liability for costs when it remains neutral in judicial review proceedings.<br />53. Finally, I would respectfully suggest that the reconsideration take place on an expedited basis given that the Claimant will at the date of my judgment have been in prison for almost 14 years in circumstances when his minimum tariff was 2 years. </span></h2>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
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</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
Justice officials in England and Wales are facing renewed calls to
deal with thousands of prisoners still jailed under an abolished
Kafkaesque sentencing regime that a report has branded “deeply harmful”
for families.</h2>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
The <a class="u-underline" data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/may/30/absurd-defunct-prison-scheme-ken-clarke-james-ward-jail-mental-health">imprisonment for public protection (IPP) sentence</a>,
scrapped in 2012, was a form of indeterminate sentence in which
offenders were given a minimum jail tariff but no maximum for a range of
crimes.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Those given an IPP sentence are placed on licence indefinitely after
release, and are only eligible to have their licence removed after 10
years.</h3>
<h3 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
There are 2,223 people serving IPP sentences who have yet to be
released and a further 1,206 serving an IPP sentence who are back in
prison having been recalled while on licence. Despite its abolition in
2012, 93% serving an IPP sentence are still in prison having passed
their tariff expiry date.A joint report by the Prison Reform Trust and Southampton University
has called for legislation to be introduced to “end the injustice it
represents for those serving it” and for the government in the meantime
to provide support to alleviate the “painful burden” it places on
families of IPP prisoners.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Peter Dawson, the director of the trust, said: “The suffering caused
by this disastrous sentence goes on and on. It extends far beyond the
people still unjustly held in prison, affecting parents, partners and
children, all totally innocent.</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
“Legislation is needed to finish the job of putting right the
injustice done to so many by the IPP sentence. But in the meantime there
is scope to do more to support families, reducing their pain and
helping them to help their loved ones make a success of life after
release.”</h3>
<br />
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</aside></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
The most recent statistics show that among the unreleased IPP
prison population there are 187 inmates who were given a minimum tariff
of two years who have been behind bars for more than 10 years.<br />
The figures show for the first time more IPP prisoners were returned
to custody after licence recall than were released from custody in the
past 12 months. In the year to 30 June, there were 433 releases of IPP
prisoners, but 636 IPP prisoners were returned to custody after licence
recall.<br />
The report, A Helping Hand: Supporting Families in the Resettlement
of People Serving IPPs, found that the pain caused to families of people
serving IPP sentences had not been addressed by criminal justice
agencies.<br />
This meant that the contribution families could make to the
rehabilitation and resettlement of IPP prisoners was not being realised,
the report said.<br />
The report’s authors have recommended more consistent communication and the provision of specific support for families.<br />
Dr Harry Annison, one of the authors, said: “Families of people
serving IPPs carry considerable burdens in supporting their relative
through their sentence. All criminal justice organisations should avoid
inadvertently placing further burdens on those who have often given
years of devoted support to their relative.<br />
“Additional information, guidance and support for families, and
actions to ameliorate some of the pains experienced, would help to ease
the burden on families and enable them to better support their loved
ones in prison and on release.”<br />
Introduced in 2005, IPPs were designed to detain indefinitely serious
offenders who were perceived to be a risk to the public. The Home
Office initially estimated that the sentence would result in 900 people
going to prison. However, more than 8,000 IPP sentences were imposed,
placing severe strain on prison, probation and parole board resources.<br />
As a result of these concerns and mounting legal challenges, the IPP
sentence was abolished in 2012. However, its abolition was not
retrospective.<br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">10 NOV 2019<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span></h3>
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Crises prison Boss quits after inmates revolt<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span></h2>
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The director of a crisis-hit private <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/all-about/prisons" target="_blank">jail</a> has left his job amid claims that warders are struggling to control the high-security prison.</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
Ian
Whitehead resigned from his role at HMP Addiewell on Friday – days
after prisoners staged a protest at conditions caused by a staff
shortage.</span></h3>
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A female officer quit her job on Tuesday after failing a <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/all-about/drugs" target="_blank">drugs</a> test. Five trainee officers also left their jobs in October after failing drug tests when cocaine was detected.</span></h3>
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The <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/all-about/west-lothian" target="_blank">West Lothian</a> jail – managed by Sodexo Justice Services – has been hit by problems leading to a prisoner revolt.</span></h3>
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We revealed last week how low staff numbers had led to prisoners being kept in cells up to 22 hours.</span></h3>
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Inmates have set two cells on fire and some refused to carry out duties, including serving food at meal times, in protest</h3>
<h3 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
Management
have had to bring in officers from two private jails in England – HMP
Northumbria in Morpeth and HMP Forest Bank in Salford, near Manchester –
as auxiliary staff</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b></b><b></b><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>“The
prison officers are relying on the inmates toeing the line. But there
would be a big problem if they didn’t – the staff would lose control.”</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>An Addiewell spokesman said: “We can confirm a prison officer
resigned on Tuesday due to not meeting the high standards we require.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>“We
can also confirm that a small number of prison custody officers were
brought in from HMP Northumberland and HMP Forest Bank to assist at HMP
Addiewell as we were short in staff.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>They weren’t involved in the direct management of prisoners
and have since returned to their prisons.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>“Ian Whitehead has decided to leave the company. Emma Stuart is acting director while we recruit a permanent successor.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b></b><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><iframe class="converse-re cre-bottom" frameborder="0" height="0" scrolling="no" src="https://get.convrse.media?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailyrecord.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fscottish-news%2Fcrisis-hit-prison-boss-resigns-20848855&cre=bottom&cip=24" style="float: left; min-width: 100%; width: 1px;" width="100%"></iframe></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>"Last
month, almost 100 letters laced with a so-called zombie spice drug
were intercepted at Addiewell.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b> "Two officers were suspended in July
over claims they forgot to lock a cell, resulting in a prisoner being
attacked.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>In January, a report by HM Chief Inspector of Prisons
for Scotland Wendy Sinclair-Gieben expressed concerns over staffing
levels and the use of inexperienced staff. The report also said some
inmates were being routinely locked up as long as 23 hours a day.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div>
Inmates at Hmp Addiewell protest over conditions and putting those a risk.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Liam Kerr, Scottish Conservative justice spokesman, said: “This is a
very concerning situation. However the wider pressures of staffing,
underfunding and overcrowding are across the prison estate.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“Prison
officers have been operating under extreme pressure for years but this
seems to be a significant escalation in chaos and staff issues.” </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
HMP
Addiewell has been run by Sodexo since 2006 with the contract due to
expire in 2034. It was built under the controversial private finance
initiative and the contract will cost the taxpayer £995million.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
…………………………….........……………………..</div>
</span><br />
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
Prison and Autism</h2>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<section class="cu cv cw cx cy"><h4 class="bj eb kf kg bo">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
Dr. Natalie Engelbrecht BA MSc ND RP; Registered Psychotherapist, Naturopathic Doctor, and Researcher</span></h4>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span></section><section class="cu cv cw cx cy"><div class="fi fj dc bk fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="498a" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">A young man with autism and an IQ of 69,was waiting outside a library</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span></section><section class="cu cv cw cx cy"><div class="fi fj dc bk fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="4f84" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">in the early morning.A policeman asked him what he was doing.His response was literal, <em class="fw">Waitin’ for it to open</em>’The officer did not believe him. No way a black kid in a hoodie was going to a library,The officer restrained Neli for a cheeky answer. Seven years later Neli is still in prison, due to meltdown after meltdown.The last one that landed him in jail was because they took him off his meds and he threatened suicide . Neli is never getting out. those with disability do double the time more than any other prisoner in turn sent mad and end up in mental hospitals its an outrages practice.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span></section><br />
<hr class="fx eb fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg" />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<section class="cu cv cw cx cy"><div class="n p">
<div class="ac ae af ag ah cz aj ak">
<blockquote class="gi gj gk">
<div class="fi fj dc fw fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="8f7e">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><em class="bk">Meanwhile,
he is being punished in the most severe manner the criminal justice
system can concoct. He has spent most of the last year in solitary
confinement and has lost almost 50 pounds from an already trim frame.</em><em class="bk">“In
effect Neli spends 24 hours a day locked in a segregation cell with
minimal human contact for the ‘crime’ of being autistic,”</em></span></div>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span></section><br />
<hr class="fx eb fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg" />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<br />
<br />
<section class="cu cv cw cx cy"><div class="n p">
<div class="ac ae af ag ah cz aj ak">
<blockquote class="gi gj gk">
<div class="fi fj dc fw fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="9e50">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><em class="bk">His journey through the criminal justice system </em><a class="at cg dm dn do dp" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/07/10/AR2010071002633.html" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank"><em class="bk">began four years ago,</em></a><em class="bk">when
he assaulted and badly injured a police officer who had demanded to
know why Latson was sitting outside the public library. (Answer: Waiting
for it to open. Hint: He was a young black man wearing a hoodie.)</em></span></div>
<div class="fi fj dc fw fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="580f">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><em class="bk">That
launched a self-defeating, seemingly perpetual cycle of imprisonment,
release to a group home, and re-incarceration after police were summoned
to the home to deal with an agitated Latson.</em></span></div>
<div class="fi fj dc fw fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="2017">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><em class="bk">Next
month, he is to stand trial on the most ridiculous charge of all: that
he assaulted a correctional officer when, after being taken off his
medications and threatening suicide, he was being transferred from a
solitary confinement cell to a “crisis cell” with no mattress .</em><a class="at cg dm dn do dp" href="https://www.quora.com/profile/Natalie-Engelbrecht-1#HIICy" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank"><em class="bk">[2]</em></a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<div class="fi fj dc bk fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="d8fa">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">“<em class="fw">This
is the sort of situation that an autistic young man simply cannot
comprehend — he had done nothing wrong and yet the officer was
restraining him — and the actions of the officer seemed threatening to
Neli because he does not understand social roles the way others do.</em>”</span></div>
<div class="fi fj dc bk fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="3d59">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span></section><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &quot; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<br /></div>
<div class="fi fj dc bk fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="6068" style="text-align: justify;">
People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are more vulnerable to being bullied, manipulated and sexually abused.</div>
<div class="fi fj dc bk fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="37b6" style="text-align: justify;">
In
addition, they will have difficulty interpreting facial expressions and
body language, which can cause them a number of problems. Non-literal
language make communication confused.</div>
<div class="fi fj dc bk fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="1312" style="text-align: justify;">
Then
there is the problem with prison being too noisy — doors opening and
closing, prisoners shouting and all sounds being magnified by the closed
environment causing reverberation of sound.</div>
<div class="fi fj dc bk fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="aaaa" style="text-align: justify;">
Another
issue is that people with ASD like sameness — having their room
ransacked during an unannounced prison room search can cause them
significant distress.</div>
<div class="fi fj dc bk fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="d91b" style="text-align: justify;">
Although
autistic’s studies show
the percentage of autistic prisoner’s are around 4.5%.</div>
<div class="fi fj dc bk fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="1ad8" style="text-align: justify;">
one prison in 2015 Feltham Young Offenders Institution in the UK was awarded Autism
accreditation (and therefore deemed to be “autism friendly”).</div>
<div class="fi fj dc bk fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="32bb" style="text-align: justify;">
Also
in 2015 Feltham Young Offenders Institution in the UK was known as
Britain’s most notorious and violent prison, making headlines for its
organised ‘fight club’ brawls many other prison are not “autism friendly” .</div>
<div class="fi fj dc bk fk b fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv" data-selectable-paragraph="" id="32bb" style="text-align: justify;">
Ff you have Autism ADHD Learning difference's, personality disorder or other hidden differences you will be the last to leave the prison estate. prison discriminates your disability's and tries to knock out the disability behaviour from you though you will still have the disability when you leave. </div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &quot; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &quot; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
Health correspondent <span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: red;">teen-girl-locked-up-24-hours-a-day</span></span></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &quot; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: red;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &quot; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<b>https://news.sky.com/story/autistic-teen-girl-locked-up-24-hours-a-day-shes-not-an-animal-says-father-11849347?fbclid=IwAR2mwKmneETQrBHvNXD_ESrYaltkEh4XtPQmjr8wPOhtdM5U0C6n5pnxpDA</b></div>
<b style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &quot; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"></b><i style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &quot; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: italic; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"></i><u style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &quot; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: underline; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"></u><sub style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &quot; font-size: 15.46px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"></sub><sup style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &quot; font-size: 15.46px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"></sup><strike style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: &quot; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: line-through; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike>……...………………...……………………………………………….</div>
</span><br />
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: large;"></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<h2 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</h2>
<h2 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 107%;">10 things I found of interest. </span></h2>
<h2 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">What has the MoJ been up to and how
did it spend its £8.4bn budget?</span></h2>
<h2 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Last week (19 July 2019) the MoJ
published its <a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/818854/moj-annual-report-2018-2019.pdf">Annual
Report and Accounts for 2018/19</a>.</span></h2>
<h2 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">1: Expenditure has increased</span></h2>
<h2 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The MoJ spent £8.4bn last year,
£700 million more than in each of the last two years. “It has to be said that
the MoJ make no real attempt to make this information accessible. </span></h2>
<h2 class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span></h2>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span><br />
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oU-K67Ie2_8/XdK9zlDvsgI/AAAAAAAAePE/-zetJnD5ma0-rlAvN54o5bVF3rx4QnnqgCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/moj-ar-10-departmental-%25C2%25A3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="595" data-original-width="1112" height="342" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oU-K67Ie2_8/XdK9zlDvsgI/AAAAAAAAePE/-zetJnD5ma0-rlAvN54o5bVF3rx4QnnqgCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/moj-ar-10-departmental-%25C2%25A3.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="640" /></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif;"></span><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif;"></span></span>
<br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><span style="color: black;"></span>
</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif;">
</span></span>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;">What most of us would like is an
idea how much the MoJ spends on prisons, probation, courts, legal aid etc. I
reproduce two graphics from the report, the first from the Chief Financial
Officer’s review of the year, the second hidden away in an appendix in the 206
page report. You can at least find out some things from the second chart, such as
the MoJ spent £16.8 million on the Parole Board, £84.6 million on the Youth
Justice Board and a smidge over £4 billion on HMPPS. </span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif;">
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span></div>
</span><div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif;"><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-d2YBEs6InBg/XdK9hgMsC0I/AAAAAAAAeO8/Wl65gDGdD6ECD7e2fzgJAkues9Lsr-OEQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/moj-ar-19-total-departmental-spending.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="729" data-original-width="1587" height="292" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-d2YBEs6InBg/XdK9hgMsC0I/AAAAAAAAeO8/Wl65gDGdD6ECD7e2fzgJAkues9Lsr-OEQCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/moj-ar-19-total-departmental-spending.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif;"><br /></span><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></b></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;">2. The MoJ has four strategic objectives</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;">These are:</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="color: orange;">A prison and probation service that reforms
offenders </span></span></li>
<li style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="color: orange;">A modern courts and justice system </span></span></li>
<li style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="color: orange;">A Global Britain that promotes the rule of
law </span></span></li>
<li style="font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="color: orange;">A transformed department.</span></span></li>
</ol>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="color: orange;"><span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">So now you know.</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;">3. Prison officer recruitment continues</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;">In 2018-19 there was a net
increase of 4,675 full time equivalent prison officers in
post between October 2016 (when the commitment to increase staff numbers
was made) and March 2019. This increase in prison officer numbers has
enabled all 92 closed male prisons to continue the rollout of
the Offender Management in Custody (key worker)<br />
model with 15,000 prison officers now trained as key workers.</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;">4: Reoffending for adults increased</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;">For adults commencing a court order or released from custody in 2016‑17 the
annual average proven reoffending rate was 37.8%, compared to 37.2% over
the previous reported period.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;">5: Reoffending for young people fell</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="color: orange;">The
annual average proven reoffending rate for children and young people
released from custody in 2016-17 was 64.6%, compared to 68.1% for 2015-16.</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4tnftXbE40M/XdK-bzhruVI/AAAAAAAAePM/L7764nFAgwI-vqv-QTuFqm897GOahYgbACLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/moj-ar-19-cj.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="677" data-original-width="1087" height="398" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4tnftXbE40M/XdK-bzhruVI/AAAAAAAAePM/L7764nFAgwI-vqv-QTuFqm897GOahYgbACLcBGAsYHQ/s640/moj-ar-19-cj.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
</span><div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;">6: Crown courts are less busy (again)</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;">Receipts for all cases in the Crown court fell by 7% during
2018-19 compared to the previous year. This had led, in part to all
outstanding cases reducing from 37,035 at the end of 2017-18 to 31,916 at
the end of 2018-19. The effectiveness of all crown court trials has
remained constant, between 49% to 52% over the period 2016-17 to 2018-19.
The trends for cracked and ineffective trials has remained relatively
stable compared to the previous year’s position, from 36% to 35% and 15%
to 13% respectively.</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;">7: And so are Magistrates’ Courts (also again)</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;">Both receipts and disposals fell during 2018-19 compared to the
previous year, while the number of outstanding cases has remained
constant. The effectiveness of trials at the magistrates’ court has
remained constant, between 45% and 46% over 2018-19. Similarly, the trends
for cracked and ineffective trials have also remained constant at around
39% and 15% respectively for 2018-19.</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;">8: The MoJ as grant giver</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;">The MoJ issued grants totalling £170.1m last year, a cut of £9.6m on the
year before.</span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KmPsaw0tMbM/XdK-lS8i1yI/AAAAAAAAePQ/U3w4eGaX_tYFtz2lzBSMV-1FmftKflRawCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/moj-ar-19-grant.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="872" data-original-width="1101" height="506" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KmPsaw0tMbM/XdK-lS8i1yI/AAAAAAAAePQ/U3w4eGaX_tYFtz2lzBSMV-1FmftKflRawCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/moj-ar-19-grant.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;">9: Civil servant bonus payments</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;">Sir Richard Heaton, MoJ Permanent Secretary, received a bonus payment of
less than £5,000 last year. Mike Driver, Chief Financial Officer; Mark Sweeney,
Director General Justice and Courts Policy Group; and Susan Acland Hood, Chief
Executive of HMCTS all received bonus payments of between £10k-£15k.</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><span style="color: orange;">10: Total wage bill for the judiciary</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;">The total wage bill for the judiciary (including wages, social security
and pension costs) was £524.9m last year of which “senior judicial salaries”
made up £198.2m. </span></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">.......................................................................................... </span></b></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
</div>
</span><br />
<h2 style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">
</span><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><b><span style="background: white; color: black; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> Justice Minister I
hope your listening life is not disposable </span></b></span></div>
</h2>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span><br />
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">In episode 1 of the programme, we saw a self-harmer’s reactions to
waiting for the authorisation of the Emergency pin-phone credit to be
facilitated.<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">A prisoner will not have to wait for funds to roll over, or for a
manager’s authorisation for Emergency pin-phone credit, as their outside
support network can buy pin-phone credit for them on the HMPPS website.<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span><br />
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">.......................................................................</span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b></b><br /></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b>Crime is a record low</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span><br />
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b></b><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">The number of people punished for crimes in England and Wales has hit
a new record low, despite a rise in offences recorded by police.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Statistics
released by the Ministry of Justice showed the figure fell by 2 per
cent in the year to June, while recorded crime rose by 6 per cent in the
same period.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">“The total number of individuals formally dealt with
by the criminal justice system in England and Wales is at the lowest
since records began,” a document said.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Of the 1.58 million people
dealt with, 1.37 million were prosecuted and the others were handed
out-of-court disposals like fines and cautions.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The number of defendants prosecuted at magistrates’ courts has been falling since 2016 and fell by 2 per cent in the year.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The
rate of people jailed has fallen to 6.5 per cent, and the number given
immediate prison sentences is at its lowest in a decade.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
But the average length of terms has increased to the highest level in 10 years, standing at 17.4 months.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Separate
statistics show that prosecutions are dropping for every type of crime,
down to just 7.4 per cent of all recorded offences – a fall of 41,700
in a year.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Courts ‘may fail to cope’ with impact of 20,000 extra police officers</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Only
1.4 per cent of reported rapes offences resulted in a charge or summons
to court in the year to June, 3.3 per cent of all sex offences, 5.4 per
cent of thefts, 7.8 per cent of violent crimes and 7.1 per cent of
robberies.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The overall proportion of investigations that were
closed as a result of “evidential difficulties” have risen to a third,
and almost half end with no suspect identified.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Richard Burgon,
Labour’s shadow justice secretary, accused the Conservatives of
“creating a crisis in our criminal justice system”. said: “It has left
our communities less safe and victims less supported,” he added.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Christine
Jardine, of the Liberal Democrats, said: “Our criminal justice system
is under-resourced and over-stretched, right from the police on the
frontline to the courts, prisons and probation. The Conservative
government is failing victims.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“Even worse, the government is
wasting hundreds of millions locking people up on short prison
sentences, even though the evidence shows they make people more likely
to re-offend. That means more crime and more victims.”</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The latest
figures follow warnings that the justice system “will break down” and
allow crimes to go unpunished if the next government does not provide
hundreds of millions of pounds in investment.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Boris Johnson discusses harsher prison sentencing with police and prosecution chiefs</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
A
union said there are not enough crown prosecutors to deal with current
cases, and that the situation will worsen if the 20,000 new police
officers promised by Boris Johnson solve more crimes.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“It isn’t
just about bobbies on the beat, it’s about the entire system,” FDA
national officer Steven Littlewood told The Independent.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“If they do recruit all these extra police, who is going to prosecute the criminals they catch?</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“The court system is crumbling, the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) is under-resourced. It needs a huge cash injection.”</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
A
total of 127 courts have been closed since 2015 and 77 more are set for
the axe, amid calls for urgent funding to maintain ageing buildings.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The
number of days on which the remaining courts sit has been cut by almost
15 per cent in a year, leaving many sitting empty despite a backlog of
cases waiting to be heard.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The CPS is currently attempting to
recruit 390 crown prosecutors that it hopes will start by June next year
“to meet current and future business priorities”, as well as 40
specialist casework lawyers and additional posts.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The government
announced that it would increase CPS funding by £85m in August, but Mr
Littlewood said the boost was a “drop in the ocean compared to the cuts
since 2010”.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
While Mr Johnson has positioned crime and justice as a
central pillar of his tenure as prime minister, and the Conservatives’
election manifesto, campaigners are concerned that commitments “will not
be backed up” with the funding needed to fulfil them.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Parliament’s
Public Accounts Committee has also sounded a warning over the knock-on
effect of the recruitment of 20,000 police officers and moves to
lengthen prison sentences.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“Given the operational and financial
pressure that court, prison and probation services are already under, it
is far from certain the Ministry of Justice will have the capacity and
capability to cope with a significant rise in demand,” said a report
published last week.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“The government has a track record of
changing one element of a system without fully recognising the
consequences for the rest of the system, or across other government
departments.”</div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
...............................................................</div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<b></b><br /></div>
</span><br />
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b>Campaigners have called for an urgent investigation into the number of
people committing suicide while on probation after new figures showed a
record rise.</b></span></div>
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">In the year to March, 1,093 people died while under probation
supervision, either following release from prison or under a court
order. At least 337 of the deaths were self-inflicted, according to
figures from the Ministry of Justice – a rise of 19% on the previous
year’s total.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">The true number who took their own life is likely to be higher because many of the deaths were still under investigation.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
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</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Deborah
Coles, executive director of INQUEST, said the incidents called for
“urgent scrutiny” and criticised the “current lack of independent
investigation”.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
She said: “What is known is that people are being
released into failing support systems, poverty and an absence of
services for mental health and additions. This is state abandonment.
This is the violence of austerity.”</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Also among the deaths, 47 men
were victims of homicide – meaning that men on probation were 10 times
more likely to become victims of murder or manslaughter than men in the
general population.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Family and Campaigner say enough is enough the deaths of IPP needs urgent investigation </div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
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</span><br />
<div class="yiv2557772837gmail-msonospacing" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">...............................................................................................</span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
<br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>To: The Rt Hon Robert Buckland QC MP </b><br />
<br />
<b>Release the Remaining IPP Prisoners</b></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b></b><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-the-remaining-ipp-prisoners</span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">……………………………………………………………………………………...</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Campaigners and relevant policymakers <span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">continued</span>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Annison, H. (2015) Dangerous Politics: Risk, Political
Vulnerability, and Penal Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press Note that
people under the age of 18 at time of sentencing were sentenced to 'Detention
for Public Protection'(DPP)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">By default, the individual remains on licence for the rest
of their life. However, the ex-prisoner can apply for the licence to be ended
after 10 years. In addition, it is possible for most of the conditions of
licence to be suspended after four years (10 years for those convicted of a
sexual offence).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Annison, H. (2015) Dangerous Politics: Risk, Political
Vulnerability, and Penal Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press p. 182:
quoting policy makers involved in the creation of the IPP sentence.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Prison Reform Trust. (2007) Indefinitely Maybe? How the
Indeterminate Sentence for Public Protection is Unjust and Unsustainable.
[online] Available at: http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/Indefinitely%20Maybe%20-%20IPP%20briefing.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019]. The Howard League for Penal Reform. (2007) Indeterminate
Sentences for Public Protection [online] Available at:
https://howardleague.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/IPP-report.pdf [Accessed
10/06/2019]. Centre for Mental Health. (2008). In the Dark: The Mental Health
Implications of Imprisonment for Public Protection. [online] Available at:
http://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019]. Criminal Justice Joint Inspection, Indeterminate
Sentences for Public Protection: A Joint Inspection by HMI Probation and HMI
Prisons. [online] Available at:
http://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/probation/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2014/03/IPP_report_final_2-rps.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019]. Alden, B., Ranns, H., Sullivan, S., and Taflan, P.
(2016). Unintended consequences: Finding a way forward for prisoners serving
sentences of imprisonment for public protection p. 9. [online] Available at:
http://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprisons/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2016/11/Unintended-consequences-Web-2016.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019]. Beard, J. (2019). Sentences of Imprisonment for Public
Protection House of Commons Library. [online]. Available at: https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN06086/SN06086.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">5Hansard: HC Deb 11 June 2019, col. 288WH. [online]
Available at: http://bit.ly/2M13rpo [Accessed 10/06/2019].6Jacobson, J., Hough,
M. (2010). Unjust Deserts. Prison Reform Trust. p. 3 [online] Available at:
http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/uploads/documents/unjustdeserts.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].7Jacobson, J., Hough, M. (2010). Unjust Deserts. Prison
Reform Trust. p. vi [online] Available at: http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/uploads/documents/unjustdeserts.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].8This project adopted an expansive notion of ‘family
member’ to encompass blood relatives but also (for example) close family
friends who are primary supporters, in order to capture the variety of
individuals heavily involved in providing ongoing support to IPP prisoners, and
who consider themselves to be, or to be acting akin to, ‘family’.9Maruna, S.,
Mann, R. (2019). Reconciling Desistance and What Works. HM Inspectorate of Probation.
[online] Available at:
http://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprobation/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2019/02/Academic-Insights-Marunaand-Mann-Feb-19-final.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].10Lord Farmer. (2017). The Importance of Strengthening
Prisoners’ Family Ties to Prevent Reoffending and Reduce Intergenerational
Crime. Ministry of Justice. [online] Available at:
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/642244/farmer-review-report.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].11Jacobson, J., Hough, M. (2010). Unjust Deserts. Prison
Reform Trust. p. vii [online] Available at:
http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/uploads/documents/unjustdeserts.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].12Prison Reform Trust. (2018). Bromley Briefings Prison
Factfile: Autumn 2018. p. 29 [online] Available at:
http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/Bromley%20Briefings/Autumn%202018%20Factfile.pdf13Liebling,
A., Laws, B., Lieber, E., Auty, K., Schmidt, B.E., Crewe, B., Gardom, J., Kant,
D., Morey, M. (2019). Are Hope and Possibility Achievable in Prison? The Howard
Journal of Crime and Justice. 58(1), pp.1-23.14 Liebling, A., Laws, B., Lieber,
E., Auty, K., Schmidt, B.E., Crewe, B., Gardom, J., Kant, D., Morey, M. (2019).
Are Hope and Possibility Achievable in Prison? The Howard Journal of Crime and
Justice. 58(1), pp.1-23.218. EndnotesIPP_families.qxp_ipp_and_family 25/10/2019
10:44 Page 21</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">15Ashworth, A., Zedner, L. (2019). Some Dilemmas of
Indeterminate Sentences: Risk and Uncertainty, Dignity and Hope. in Keijser,
J., Roberts, J.V, Ryberg, J. (eds). Predictive Sentencing: Normative and
Empirical Perspectives. Oxford: Hart Publishing. Maruna, S., Mann, R. (2019).
Reconciling Desistance and What Works. HM Inspectorate of Probation [online] Available
at:
http://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprobation/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2019/02/Academic-Insights-Maruna-and-Mann-Feb-19-final.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019]. Maruna, S. (2001). Making Good: How Ex-Convicts Reform
and Rebuild Their Lives. Washington DC: American Psychological
Association.16Lord Farmer. (2017). The Importance of Strengthening Prisoners’
Family Ties to Prevent Reoffending and Reduce Intergenerational Crime. Ministry
of Justice. [online] Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/642244/farmer-review-report.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].17Hansard: HC Deb 1 November 2011, col. 785–787. [online]
Available at: http://bit.ly/321Y1zU [Accessed 10/06/2019].18Hansard: HC Deb 23
April 2019, col. 581. [online] Available at: http://bit.ly/2XDLwrV [Accessed
10/06/2019].19Annison, H., Condry, R. (2018). The Pains of Indeterminate
Imprisonment for Family Members Findings and Recommendations: Extended Report.
Southampton: University of Southampton. [online] Available at:
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/423560/1/IPP_Families_Extended_Final.pdf [Accessed
10/06/2019].20The initial meetings and dissemination of the research findings
were funded by the Southampton Law School Impact Fund Award 2017-18.21Our
participants were mostly – but by no means all – mothers and female partners.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">It should be
noted that families of people serving IPP sentences have been particularly
active in campaigning about the situation they face, and engaging directly with
relevant policymakers. See, for example, ‘IPP Prisoners Family's Campaign:
Justice for IPP Prisoners, lobbying group’
http://ippfanilycampaign.blogspot.com/ </span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><br /></b>
‘SmashIPP:Fighting for prisoners serving IPP sentences. https://smashipp.org.uk/Annison, H., Condry, R. (2018). The Pains of
Indeterminate Imprisonment for Family Members Findings and Recommendations:
Extended Report. Southampton: University of Southampton. [online] Available at:
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/423560/1/IPP_Families_Extended_Final.pdf [Accessed
10/06/2019].24 The project received university ethics approval, number ERGO II
47431.25Many of these insights on the nature and quality of secondary pains
experienced by family members of IPP prisoners echoed those previously
established by Annison and Condry (2018). See: Annison, H., Condry, R. (2018).
The Pains of Indeterminate Imprisonment for Family Members Findings and
Recommendations: Extended Report. Southampton: University of Southampton.
[online] Available at:
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/423560/1/IPP_Families_Extended_Final.pdf [Accessed
10/06/2019].26Durose, C., Richardson, L. (2015). Co-productive Policy Design.
in Durose, C., Richardson, L. (eds) Designing Public Policy for Co-production:
Theory Practice and Change. Bristol: Bristol University Press.27For detailed
discussion of these pains, see: Annison, H., Condry, R. (2018). The Pains of
Indeterminate Imprisonment for Family Members Findings and Recommendations:
Extended Report. Southampton: University of Southampton. [online] Available at:
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/423560/1/IPP_Families_Extended_Final.pdf [Accessed
10/06/2019].28For more detailed discussion of this, see: Annison, H., Condry,
R. (2018). The Pains of Indeterminate Imprisonment for Family Members Findings
and Recommendations: Extended Report. Southampton: University of Southampton.
p. 11 [online] Available at:
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/423560/1/IPP_Families_Extended_Final.pdf [Accessed
10/06/2019].29For a discussion of similar concerns refer to: IAP (2017).
Keeping Safe – preventing suicide and self-harm in custody.Prisoners’ views collated
by the IAP. [online] Available at:
http://iapdeathsincustody.independent.gov.uk/wpcontent/uploads/2017/12/Keeping-Safe-FINAL-Dec-2017.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].30For a discussion of similar concerns refer to: IAP
(2017). Keeping Safe – preventing suicide and self-harm in custody. Prisoners’
views collated by the IAP. [online] Available at:
http://iapdeathsincustody.independent.gov.uk/wpcontent/uploads/2017/12/Keeping-Safe-FINAL-Dec-2017.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].31As Ashworth and Zedner (2019: 13) have noted, ‘IPP
prisoners were effectively consigned to an enduring state of hopelessness.’
See: Ashworth, A., Zedner, L. (2019). Some Dilemmas of Indeterminate Sentences:
Risk and Uncertainty, Dignity and Hope. in Keijser, J., Roberts, J.V., Ryberg,
J. (eds), Predictive Sentencing:Normative and Empirical Perspectives. Oxford:
Hart Publishing. <br />
<br />
Lord Farmer (2017). The Importance of Strengthening
Prisoners’ Family Ties to Prevent Reoffending and Reduce Intergenerational
Crime. Ministry of Justice. [online] Available at:
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/642244/farmer-review-report.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].33 These strategies are required to be published on the
National Information Centre on Children of Offenders (NICCO). See: NICCO
(2018). Directory of Services. [online] Available at:
http://www.nicco.org.uk/directory-of-services [Accessed 10/06/2019].34Please
see: Ministry of Justice (2018). Minister announces ‘10 Prisons Project’ to
develop new model of excellence. [online] Available at:
http://www.gov.uk/government/news/minister-announces-10-prisons-project-to-develop-new-model-of
excellence [Accessed 10/07/2019].35 Some of which can be found in the following
document: HM Inspectorate of Prisons. (2017). Children and families and contact
with the outside world. [online] Available at:
http://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprisons/ourexpectations/prison-expectations/rehabilitation-and-release-planning/children-and-families-and-contact-with-theoutside-world/
[Accessed 01/06/2019].36 In 2018, 40% of prison staff had less than 3 years’
service. See: Prison Reform Trust (2018). Bromley Briefings Prison Factfile:
Autumn 2018. [online] Available at:
http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/Bromley%20Briefings/Autumn%202018%20Factfile.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].37 Garside, A., Grimshaw, R., Ford, M., Mills, H. (2017).
UK Justice Policy Review. 8(8). [online] Available at:
http://www.crimeandjustice.org.uk/sites/crimeandjustice.org.uk/files/UK%20Justice%20Policy%20Review%208%2C%20April%202019.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].38See: Corcoran, M., Carr, N. (2019). Probation Journal
special issue: Five Years of Transforming Rehabilitation: Markets, management
and values. 66(1).39See: HMPPS (2018). Manage the Custodial Framework. [online]
Available at:
http://www.gov.uk/government/publications/manage-the-custodial-sentence
[Accessed 01/06/2019].40R (Osborn) v The Parole Board [2013] UKSC 6.41 Jones,
M. (2017). IPPs, recalls and the future of parole. Russell Webster. [online]
Available at: http://www.russellwebster.com/martin-jones2/ [Accessed
14/06/2019].42See: Parole Board (2019). Annual Report and Accounts 2018. p. 16
[online] Available at:
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/818677/The_Parole_Board_for_England___Wales_Annual_Report_and_Accounts_2018-19.pdf
[Accessed 19/08/2019].43 Prison Reform Trust (2018). Bromley Briefings Prison
Factfile: Autumn 2018. p. 29 [online] Available at: http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/Bromley%20Briefings/Autumn%202018%20Factfile.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].44See: Annison, H., Condry, R. (2018). The Pains of
Indeterminate Imprisonment for Family Members Findings and Recommendations:
Extended Report. Southampton: University of Southampton. [online] Available at:
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/423560/1/IPP_Families_Extended_Final.pdf [Accessed
10/06/2019].45Parole Board (2016). Annual Report and Accounts 2015/16. p. 3
[online] Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/571930/Final
_Version_PB_ARA_2015-16.pdf [Accessed 14/06/2019].46Similar findings have been
put forward in the thematic report by the HM Inspectorate of Prisons. See: Alden,
B.,Ranns, H., Sullivan, S., Taflan, P. (2016). Unintended consequences: Finding
a way forward for prisoners serving sentences of imprisonment for public
protection. HM Inspectorate of Prisons. p. 9 [online] Available at:
http://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprisons/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2016/11/Unintended-consequences-Web-2016.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].47See: Annison, H. (2015). Dangerous Politics: Risk,
Political Vulnerability, and Penal Policy. Oxford: Oxford UniversityPress;
Zedner, L. (2012). Erring on the Side of Safety: Risk assessment, expert
knowledge and the criminal court. In: Dennis, I., Sullivan,G.R. (eds), Seeking
Security: Pre-empting the Commission of Criminal Harms. Oxford: Hart
Publishing. 48See: Annison, H., O’Loughlin, A. (2019). Fundamental Rights and
Indeterminate Sentencing in England and Wales: The value and limits of a right
to rehabilitation. In: Meijer, S., Annison, H., O’Loughlin, A. (eds),
Fundamental Rights and Legal Consequences of a Criminal Conviction. Oxford: Hart
Publishing.23IPP_families.qxp_ipp_and_family 25/10/2019 10:44 Page 23<br />
<br />
49Hansard: HC Deb 11 June 2019, col. 288WH. [online]
Available at: http://bit.ly/2M13rpo [Accessed 10/06/2019].50Hansard: HC Written
Question 8 May 2019, 248729. [online] Available at: https://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-question/Commons/2019-04-29/248729/
[Accessed 10/06/2019].51Hansard: HC Written Question 8 May 2019, 248729.
[online] Available at: https://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-question/Commons/2019-04-29/248729/
[Accessed 10/06/2019].52See: POPs (2019). Intensive Alternative to Custody.
[online] Available at:
http://www.partnersofprisoners.co.uk/intensive-alternative-to-custody/
[Accessed 10/06/2019].53Annison, H., Condry, R. (2018). The Pains of
Indeterminate Imprisonment for Family Members Findings and Recommendations:
Extended Report. Southampton: University of Southampton. [online] Available at:
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/423560/1/IPP_Families_Extended_Final.pdf [Accessed
10/06/2019].54See, for example, Condry, R., Scharff-Smith, P. (eds). (2018).
Prisons, Punishment and the Family: Towards a New Sociology of Punishment.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.55 See, for example, Social Exclusion Unit
(2002). Reducing Re-offending by Ex-Prisoners. London: Social Exclusion
Unit.56Liebling, A., Laws, B., Lieber, E., Auty, K., Schmidt, B.E., Crewe, B.,
Gardom, J., Kant, D., Morey, M. (2019). Are Hope and Possibility Achievable in
Prison? The Howard Journal of Crime and Justice. 58(1), pp.1-23.57Setting up an
emergency contact line for families and friends has also been recommended by
the Independent Advisory Panel on Deaths in Custody (IAP) report. IAP (2017).
Keeping Safe – preventing suicide and self-harm in custody. Prisoners’ views
collated by the IAP. [online] Available at:
http://iapdeathsincustody.independent.gov.uk/wpcontent/uploads/2017/12/Keeping-Safe-FINAL-Dec-2017.pdf
[Accessed 10/06/2019].58 Annison, H., Condry, R. (2018). The Pains of
Indeterminate Imprisonment for Family Members Findings and Recommendations:
Extended Report. Southampton: University of Southampton. p. 3 [online]
Available at:
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/423560/1/IPP_Families_Extended_Final.pdf [Accessed
10/06/2019].59Hansard: HC Deb 1 November 2011, col. 785–787. [online] Available
at: http://bit.ly/321Y1zU [Accessed 10/06/2019].60Hansard: HC Deb 11 June 2019,
col. 288WH. [online] Available at: http://bit.ly/2M13rpo [Accessed 10/06/2019].</div>
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katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-45209557663218113662019-11-11T14:04:00.001+00:002019-11-11T14:07:49.915+00:00Prison safety stats.Inquest into death of IPP prisoners .The House of Commons Justice Committee condemns the lack of a clear reform plan and long-term strategy to reverse the fortunes of a prison system in an “enduring crisis of safety and decency”.<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The public are beginning to
understand that root cause of the IPP sentence as its consequences.
The early part of the sentencing regime were individuals that was
not assessed before being labelled as risk, those with Autism,
Severe Learning differences, Personality Disorders ADHD and Mental Health the
initial legislation dictating that certain crimes demanded an IPP sentence, the
judges did not have discretion over the idea and thus was born the
problem. </span></div>
<span style="color: orange;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Never ending story and the
unintended consequences. <br />
Judges both here in the UK and at Strasbourg in the European Court of Human
Rights have determined that IPP sentences at a certain point are unethical.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span></span></span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;"></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span></span></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span></span></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">The message is that the
continued detention of persons under the IPP is a convention of human rights.
It is quite clear that the justification the government is making not to alter
the status quo is that the parole board is hearing the cases but the IPP
sentences were handed down with the "hope" that the system would
manage the rehabilitation of the individual. We know that idea was completely
miss founded. In fact, the opposite has happened to many who remain in the
system struggling to prove the impossible though they had finished their
sentence. It does not change the fact when a person is in jail for on an IPP
they are serving a life sentence for crimes they that do not currently attract
life sentence. </span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span></span></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span></span></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">Those sentenced to an IPP have been physically
and mentally abused, numbers arbitrarily moved to worse circumstances just when
things were looking hopeful. The small financial compensation paid in some
cases does not do make up for this. Reports of more delay will the government
be ever held accountable.</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span></span></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span></span></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">Government was aware that
this Sentence was causing mental health from 2006. Families post and
present have been writing in the thousands to the Ministers reporting self-harm,
MPs, Lords, Bishops, Media and Social media. Parole Board alone received 38.000
signatures and hundreds of letters from parents and prisoners with major
concerns, but the government stay silent? Families are left Shocked and
Angered by the deaths of their love ones. There continue to IPP deferrals and
delays though some are over their sentence by 12 years. The sentence requires serious
attention as does the continued longstanding deferrals and delays of
those. Scant responses from Moj via the media need to be facts</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span></span></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike>
</span></span></span></span></span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: #005000; font-family: "inherit" , serif;"></span>
</span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;">FoI figures on IPP prisoners<span lang="EN-US">’</span> deaths</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2005: 0</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2006; 2 </span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2007: 7</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">208: 9</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2009:7 </span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2010:12</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2011:14</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2012:10 </span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2013:12</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2014 :19</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2015:16</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2016 :11</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2017: 26</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2018:22</span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 4; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">2019:2?</span><br />
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<span style="color: #cc0000;"></span><br />
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<span style="color: #cc0000;">76 Suicide's</span><br />
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<span style="color: #cc0000;">Total of deaths s 287</span><br />
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<h4 class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span class="_1nb_ fwn fcg" data-ft="{"tn":"C"}" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: #cccccc;"><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h4>
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<ul><span style="color: red;"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span class="_1nb_ fwn fcg" data-ft="{"tn":"C"}" style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: normal;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="color: orange;">INQUEST has been working with the family of Tommy Nicol since his
death. The family is represented by INQUEST Lawyers Group members Claire
Brigham of Hodge Jones and Allen solicitors, and Kirsten Sjovoll of
Matrix Chambers.<br />
Other deaths of people on IPP sentences include:</span><br />
</span><br />
<ul><span style="color: #cccccc;">
<li><span style="color: orange;"><b>Steven Trudghill</b>, 23, who died at HMP Highpoint on 9 January 2014. The coroner at the conclusion of the inquest <a href="https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Trudgill-2016-0210.pdf">wrote a Prevention of Future Deaths report</a> addressed to the Ministry of Justice, which raised concerns about other prisoners on IPP sentences who were <br /><br />at
continued risk. He said, it is the “case that there are complex mental
health needs which might actually be the reason for the continuing risk
that keeps them in custody, as with Steven, yet the specific treatments
are not available within the prison system”. </span></li>
<li><span style="color: orange;"><b>Charlotte ‘Charlie’ Nokes</b>, who was 38 when she died at HMP Peterborough on 23, 2016. The inquest into her death is yet to take place. Charlotte’s family <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-39422550">spoke to the BBC</a> about her life.</span></li>
</span></ul>
<span style="color: #cccccc;">
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<span style="color: #cccccc;">
</span></div>
</span></span></span></span></li>
</span></span></span></ul>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;">Charlotte Nokes was 38 when she died at HMP Peterborough, a
private prison run by Sodexo. On 23 July 2016 she was found unresponsive in her
cell and was pronounced dead at 8.55am. The inquest into her death opens on
Monday 14 October at Huntingdon Law Courts.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<span style="color: orange;">Before HM Assistant Coroner for Cambridgeshire and
Peterborough, Simon Milburn </span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">Huntingdon Town Hall, 53 High St, Huntingdon PE29 3AE*</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">Opens 14 October 2019, expected to last one week</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;">Despite being sentenced to a
minimum term of 15 months, Charlotte had been in prison for over eight
and a half years at the time of her death on an (IPP sentence) . IPP sentences were abolished by
the Government in 2012 for new prisoners but remain in place for those
sentenced prior to this date. Her family say she felt she would never be
released from prison and she described the IPP sentence as a death
sentence. It is understood that Charlotte is the first person to have
died in a women’s prison whilst serving an IPP sentence.</span></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">Charlotte
was born in Hayling Island in Hampshire. Known to her family as Charlie
or Lottie, they described her as funny, intelligent, charismatic and
creative. Charlotte was also an incredibly talented artist. Her artwork
was supported by charities such as the Michael Varah Memorial Fund and
the charity Women in Prison. Her art was exhibited by the Koestler
Trust, a charity which helps people who have spent time in prison,
immigration detention and mental health settings to express themselves
creatively. Charlotte’s dream was to live in London and study art.</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">Charlotte
had mental and physical health diagnoses including Borderline
Personality Disorder and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD, a severe
form of premenstrual syndrome). In the months leading up to her death,
Charlotte was prescribed heavy doses of medication to treat her mental
and physical health that often left her appearing heavily sedated. She
was under suicide and self-harm monitoring procedures (known as ACCT) at
the time of her death.</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">Her family hope the inquest will explore the following issues:</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">the cause of Charlotte’s death;</span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">the treatment of Charlotte’s mental health in HMP Peterborough,
including the monitoring of the impact of the drugs she was prescribed
on her physical health;</span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">the use of segregation in HMP Peterborough;</span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Charlotte’s cell observations on 22-23 July 2016;</span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">the temperature of Charlotte’s cell on 22-23 July 2016.</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">*UPDATE on 14 October: the inquest has now been adjourned. Expected to resume in February 2019. </span></span></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Charlotte’s family are still crowdfunding for the preparation costs of her inquest. You can donate to the fundraising page <a href="https://www.crowdjustice.com/case/dying-in-prison/">here</a>.</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<b><span style="color: orange;">NOTES TO EDITORS</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">*Please note change of venue from Huntingdon Law Courts</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">For further information, interview requests and to note your
interest, please contact INQUEST Communications Team: 020 7263 1111 or <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null">lucymckay@inquest.org.uk</a>; <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null">sarahuncles@inquest.org.uk</a></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">Charlotte’s
family are represented by INQUEST Lawyers Group members Tara Mulcair
and Harriet Wistrich of Birnberg Peirce and Stephen Clark of Garden
Court Chambers. The INQUEST caseworker is Selen Cavcav.</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">The
other Interested Persons represented at the inquest are Sodexo Justice
Services, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust and the
prison GP.</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<b><span style="color: orange;">Other deaths of people on IPP sentences include:</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"><b>Steven Trudghill</b>, 23, who died at HMP Highpoint on 9 January 2014. The coroner at the conclusion of the inquest <a href="https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Trudgill-2016-0210.pdf">wrote a Prevention of Future Deaths report</a> addressed
to the Ministry of Justice, which raised concerns about other prisoners
on IPP sentences who were at continued risk. He said, it is the “case
that there are complex mental health needs which might actually be the
reason for the continuing risk that keeps them in custody, as with
Steven, yet the specific treatments are not available within the prison
system”.</span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"><b>Tommy Nicol, 37, </b>was found with a ligature in his
cell at HMP The Mount and died four days later in hospital in September
2015. Tommy made a complaint to the prison six months prior, in which he
described his inability to progress in his IPP sentence towards release
as “psychological torture”. <a href="https://www.inquest.org.uk/tommy-nicol-conclusion"><b>Media Release</b></a><b>. </b></span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"><b>Since Charlotte’s death in July 2016, there have been four further deaths in Peterborough (women’s) prison</b>, of which one was self-inflicted, one is awaiting classification and two were non-self-inflicted.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"><b>Annabella Landsberg</b>, 45, died at HMP Peterborough
in September 2017. Her death was non self-inflicted and the jury found
failings on the part of the prison, healthcare staff, GPs and custody
officers contributed to her death. <a href="https://www.inquest.org.uk/annabella-landsberg-conclusion">Media Release</a>.</span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="color: orange;">IPP sentences</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">IPP sentences came into use on 4 April 2005, as part of section 225
of the Criminal Justice Act 2003, introduced by then Home Secretary,
David Blunkett.</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">In 2007 the <a href="https://www.newlawjournal.co.uk/content/law-reports-177">Queen's Bench Division of the High Court ruled</a> that
the continued incarceration of prisoners serving IPPs after tariff
expiry where the prisons lack the facilities and courses required to
assess their suitability for release was unlawful.</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">In 2010 a <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/7361504/Inspectors-call-for-review-of-unsustainable-indefinite-prison-sentences.html">joint report</a> by the chief inspectors of prisons and probation concluded that IPP sentences were unsustainable for prisons in the UK.</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">On 3 December 2012 the IPP sentence for new cases was abolished by the <a href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/10/contents/enacted">Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act</a>.</span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
</ul>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">In November 2016 HM Inspectorate of Prisons completed a <a href="https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprisons/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2016/11/Unintended-consequences-Web-2016.pdf">review of the ongoing challenges</a> of
managing and progressing the large number of prisoners still serving
IPP sentences. They found IPP prisoners fell into three broad
categories:</span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">those who had not reduced their risk and remained dangerous,</span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">those who could reduce their risk if the support provided by the system was delivered more efficiently,</span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">those who might be deemed ready for release if delays and
inefficiencies in the offender management and parole processes were
resolved.</span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
</ul>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The Parole Board noted in October 2017 that more than half of those
released had being sent back to jail for breaching licence conditions.
There were suggestions in the 2016 HMIP review (above) that this could
be linked to a lack of access for people on IPP sentences to temporary
release (ROTL) to prepare for leaving prison.</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">For more information see <a href="http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN06086/SN06086.pdf">Parliamentary Briefing Paper</a> [PDF] on Sentences of Imprisonment for Public Protection, October 2017.</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">On 20 July 2018, the Parole Board <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/parole-board-annual-report-and-accounts-201718">reported</a> that
around 2,800 people remain in prison on an IPP sentence. People on IPP
sentences also have particularly high rates of being recalled to
prison, <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-41669070">according to reports</a>.</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<b></b><span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></b></div>
<b><span style="color: orange;"> "Charlottes Nokes sentence ruled a Violation of human rights"</span></b><br />
<b></b><span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The family say “I’m to blame”: Blunkett’s indefinite prison sentences and the thousands still locked up without hope</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2017/08/im-blame-blunketts-indefinite-prison-sentences-and-thousands-still-locked</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">.................................................................................................................</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: orange;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 20px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 125%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 20px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 125%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #cc0000; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "helvetica"; font-size: 20px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 125%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Prison safety stats</span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #cc0000; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> Published last Thursday 31 October may for predictably grim reading.</span><span style="color: orange;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: orange;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span><a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=03b9249924&e=16738d0344" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: underline; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" target="_blank">latest quarterly safety in Custody statistics bulletin,</a></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yIXrli9JLcA/XcQig2az_9I/AAAAAAAAd_s/zFKfbYa_13ke6ow_UDmI-Z3aDfxr_XOlQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/dfa86656-b4d2-42bf-9663-37703d5d0a51.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="color: orange;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="1200" height="426" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yIXrli9JLcA/XcQig2az_9I/AAAAAAAAd_s/zFKfbYa_13ke6ow_UDmI-Z3aDfxr_XOlQCLcBGAsYHQ/s640/dfa86656-b4d2-42bf-9663-37703d5d0a51.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Despite the fact that figures have been worsening every quarter for the last five years, the new bulletin, which covers deaths in prison custody for the year to September 2019 and assaults and self-harm for the 12 months to June this year, once again shows unprecedented levels of self-harm and assaults.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"><img height="547" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgallery.mailchimp.com%2Ff3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b%2Fimages%2Fffa176a1-845c-4f6f-9c37-ebd29cdde40f.jpg&t=1572870133&ymreqid=eb849095-b5c0-da3b-307c-cf0007010000&sig=IW39HfL6RnzNBdEUbkfblg--~C" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; min-height: 547px; outline: none; text-decoration: none; width: 750px;" width="750" /> </span></div>
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Deaths</span></h3>
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<span style="color: orange;">In the 12 months to September 2019, there were 308 deaths in prison custody (a rate of 3.7 per 1,000 prisoners), a slight decrease from 325 deaths in the previous 12 months (a rate of 3.9 per 1,000 prisoners). The most recent quarter saw the number of deaths increase to 76, up from 73 in the three months to June 2019. Quarterly death figures should be considered with caution due to greater volatility and the potential for seasonal effects.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Tragically, there were 90 apparent self-inflicted deaths in the 12 months to September 2019 (a rate of 1.1 per 1,000 prisoners), there were 89 in the previous 12 months, and 158 deaths due to natural causes (a rate of 1.9 per 1,000 prisoners), a 9% decrease from 173 deaths the previous 12 months.</span></div>
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Self-harm</span></h3>
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<span style="color: orange;">In the 12 months to June 2019, there were 60,594 reported incidents of self-harm (a rate of 732 per 1,000 prisoners), up 22% from the previous 12 months. On a quarterly basis, the number of incidents in the three months to June 2019 increased to 16,342 (up 13% on the previous quarter), a record high number of quarterly incidents.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">The number of individuals self-harming increased by 5% in the latest 12 months, to the highest recorded figure of 12,740 individuals (a rate of 154 individuals per 1,000 prisoners). The number of incidents per self-harming individual increased by 17%, from 4.1 in the previous 12 months to 4.8 in the latest 12 months, although a small number of prolific self-harmers have a disproportionate impact on this figure. The majority of those who self-harm in prison do so only once. Additional detail on this can be found in the annual self-harm tables.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">The number of self-harm incidents requiring hospital attendance increased by 7% to 3,388 in the 12 months to June 2019, and increased by 24% in the latest quarter (964 incidents). The proportion of incidents that required hospital attendance decreased in the previous 12 months, from 6.4% to 5.6%.</span></div>
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Assaults</span></h3>
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<span style="color: orange;">In the 12 months to June 2019, assault incidents increased by 5% to 34,112, a rate of 412 incidents per 1,000 prisoners. In the latest quarter, there were 8,360 assaults, a decrease of 1% from the previous quarter. The quarterly figure reached a peak of 9,126 in the July to September 2018 quarter.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">The number of incidents in male establishments increased by 4% from 31,210 to 32,586 in the 12 months to June 2019. The number of incidents in female establishments increased by 13% from 1,346 to 1,526 incidents in the same period.</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">In the latest quarter, the number of assaults in male establishments decreased by 1% to 8,005, and the number of assaults in female establishments decreased by 14% to 355. Assault rates were higher in male establishments (413 incidents per 1,000 prisoners) than female establishments (401 incidents per 1,000 prisoners) in the latest 12 months.</span></div>
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Conclusion</span></h3>
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<span style="color: orange;">It has been a deeply upsetting task to cover the quarterly Safety in Custody Bulletins as closely as I have done over the last few years.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Because the data are so recent (up to September for deaths and June for self-harm and assaults), I continue to believe they are the most reliable indicator of the state of our prison system.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">The scale of violence in our prisons is disturbing to say the least; the number of assaults have doubled in the ten years from 2009 to 2019.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">The current statistics were published on the same day as the Justice Committee published its <a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=a71d73464f&e=16738d0344" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline;" target="_blank">withering attack</a> on the government for failure to put in place a proper strategy to tackle the prisons crisis. Whichever political party is in power in the new year, we must hope they prioritise making our prisons a safer place to live and work.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"><i>Thanks to Andy Aitchison for kind permission to use the images in this post. You can see Andy’s work </i><a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=d629ddecd9&e=16738d0344" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline;" target="_blank"><i>here</i></a><i>.</i></span></div>
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<a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=1a5a1af33b&e=16738d0344" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline;" target="_blank"><span style="color: orange;"><img height="134" src="https://ecp.yusercontent.com/mail?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgallery.mailchimp.com%2Ff3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b%2Fimages%2Fd97557e4-342e-41f2-9f56-d00177feb351.png&t=1572870133&ymreqid=eb849095-b5c0-da3b-307c-cf0007010000&sig=Eti9ad44TZths6Kmv9gncA--~C" style="border: 0px initial; margin: 0px; min-height: 134px; outline: none; text-decoration: none; width: 750px;" width="750" /></span></a><br />
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<span style="color: orange;"><i>All prison posts are kindly sponsored by </i><a href="https://russellwebster.us2.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f3b97d02b5235c9e7c9b3a65b&id=2b95a855b3&e=16738d0344" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="font-weight: normal; text-decoration: underline;" target="_blank"><i>Prison Consultants Limited</i></a><i> who offer a complete service from arrest to release for anyone facing prison and their family. Prison Consultants have no editorial influence on the contents of this site.</i></span></div>
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<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">……………………...…………...…………...</span></div>
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<span class="post-title" itemprop="headline" style="color: orange;">Prisoner with the IPP sentence is more likly to suffer mental health and extreme self harm.</span></h3>
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<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;">Viewers are still left shocked by the plight of a IPP prisoner who has
turned to extreme self harm, while struggling to cope with an IPP sentence. Aaron Harris, 31, from Hampshire, who featured in Crime and Punishmnet on Channel 4, which you can still view on catch up. </span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">My personal thoughts on the film</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">The film did not have balance with fairness leaving funder mental facts out was negligent .They made it appear they was related to a different crime. </span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">is one of 2,500 prisoners in the UK who have finshed there sentence are currently still serving a now banned IPP sentence, dubbed ‘forever’
sentences. </span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Aaron Hariss has been locked up since 2006, after being convicted of GBH, and has
been moved around repeatedly, with no idea when he will be released. </span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">IPPs were scrapped in 2012 for all new offences, but those who had already been sentenced were left in limbo. </span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Arion has done all that been asked of him </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The documentary revealed that throughout a four month stay at Winchester
prison, Aaron cut himself on more than thirty occasions, and at one
point was told by staff that he could lose his leg if he didn’t stop. </span></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div>
<span style="color: orange;"><img alt="" class="blkBorder img-share b-loaded" height="180" id="i-cae9d424b6e99a05" src="https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/09/17/08/18565330-7469861-image-a-20_1568706514348.jpg" width="634" /></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div>
<span style="color: orange;"><img alt="Many of those watching were stunned by the programme, with one calling it 'very difficult to watch'" class="blkBorder img-share b-loaded" height="170" id="i-b7d97c432f9269ce" src="https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/09/17/08/18565316-7469861-Many_of_those_watching_were_stunned_by_the_programme_with_one_ca-a-21_1568706518925.jpg" width="634" /></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="artSplitter mol-img-group">
<div class="imageCaption">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="imageCaption">
<span style="color: orange;">Many of those watching were stunned by the programme, with one calling it ‘very difficult to watch’ </span></div>
</div>
<div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;">Viewers said Aaron’s situation was "heartbreaking, with one writing: ‘IPP serves only to demonstrate a cruel
and inhumane game that is being played with peoples lives and minds. It
is unacceptable and groundless.’</span></div>
<div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;">Another added: ‘Very difficult watch, far too easy to judge from a comfortable position. Aaron is obviously in the wrong place.’</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<b></b><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;"><b> </b> <b>"Parole Board release Aaron and let him home with support or A Tag"</b></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<b><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></b></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<b><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></b></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;">As doctors dealt with a large laceration in his leg, he said: ‘What I’ve
been doing is cutting myself to pieces. I find it hard to deal with
prison life if I’m honest with you. It’s being away from my family that
I find difficult.’ </span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;"><img alt="" class="blkBorder img-share b-loaded" height="162" id="i-cc311b5f3b7b62a5" src="https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/09/17/08/18565330-7469861-image-m-12_1568705664988.jpg" width="634" /></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;">As doctors dealt with a large laceration in his leg, he said: ‘What I’ve
been doing is cutting myself to pieces. I find it hard to deal with
prison life if I’m honest with you. It’s being away from my family that
I find difficult.’ </span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;"><img alt="" class="blkBorder img-share b-loaded" height="313" id="i-2eb18e9d42a967f" src="https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/09/17/08/18565324-7469861-image-a-10_1568705658223.jpg" width="634" /></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;"><img alt="" class="blkBorder img-share b-loaded" height="357" id="i-d2e56f598d6d4d71" src="https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/09/17/08/18565314-7469861-image-a-9_1568705655572.jpg" width="634" /></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;"><img alt="" class="blkBorder img-share b-loaded" height="331" id="i-e5a0655924926b24" src="https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/09/17/08/18565320-7469861-image-a-7_1568705648469.jpg" width="634" /></span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;"><img alt="Viewers took to Twitter after the shocking programme, with some deeming the programme 'heartbreaking'" class="blkBorder img-share b-loaded" height="170" id="i-c9e56e82f891d005" src="https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/09/17/08/18565312-7469861-image-a-8_1568705652632.jpg" style="cursor: move; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" width="634" /></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="imageCaption" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="imageCaption" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="imageCaption" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EFhiG8Pk3v8</span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="imageCaption" style="text-align: justify;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="imageCaption" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="imageCaption" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Viewers took to Twitter after the shocking programme, with some deeming the programme ‘heartbreaking’ </span></div>
<div class="artSplitter mol-img-group" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">In 2006, he was given an IPP sentence for a assault, but we fail to understand he payed for his crime and he has long finished his sentence. </span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">But Mark warned Aaron he couldn’t continue what he was doing, saying the
self harm was growing increasingly concerned about his health.</span></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"> Aaron explained: ‘I’m struggling being without my little girl. And as it gets closer to her birthday, I’m struggling even more.’</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"> Questionable what support Aaron is getting for his disability under the law to give him a way forward.‘Five years I’ve not had a fight with anyone or anything.</span></div>
<b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></b><span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">And with a parole meeting in two months, Aaron revealed the reason for
his continued imprisonment was due to his extreme self harm.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">However, after less than a month in the low-risk unit, it emerged that
following an argument with staff over phone credit, Aaron had once again
cut himself, and was moved back to the original unit. </span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">I was flourishing on West Hill, all I wanted to do was speak to my mum and daughter, and this is the result. That’s bad.’ Aaron was left feeling hopeless having moved prison, telling staff that
the continued moves between hospital was causing him to self harm </span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">She went on: ‘We’re a bit anxious. He will continue to self-harm because he’s back in the environment he doesn’t want to be in.</span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">After seven weeks in a healthcare unit,
and increasing pressure on the just 15 beds in the wing, Aaron was told
by managers of the trust that he should move back to the main wing. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">But a meeting discussing the potential move grew increasingly volatile after staff informed him of the move that will take him from his family It raises my anxiety. No one cares.The
31-year-old said he’d never self harmed before going into prison.I assure you of that. And by tomorrow I’ll be on constant observation and then we start the whole cycle again.’child when he went inside. He told us he still thinks like a teenager.</span></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div class="mol-para-with-font">
<span style="color: orange;">The public are saying How is it fair that Aaron is kept in prison because he self harms? Self
harming doesn’t mean you will be violent towards others. He isn’t being
given the right help to reduce that self harm either.’</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div class="mol-para-with-font" itemprop="articleBody" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Another wrote:
‘He has admitted to trying to kill himself, he’s using extreme self
harming he is basically begging for him but they aren’t listening to
him! As someone in the same situation mental health wise this is heart
breaking.’ </span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;">If I die, then I die. And then you’ll have to answer to the coroner why these decisions were made.’ And you’ll have to live with yourself the rest of your life.’He added: ‘You’ve got to understand there’s a real possibility by
tomorrow that I won’t be alive anymore. I can’t handle it. Mentally I
can’t handle it.’</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The public were left stunned by the programme, with one noting that Aaron was ‘already dead’.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">‘He’s no power. No hope. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">These indefinite sentences & the creaking
abusive justice system just doesn’t work. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">video https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-7469861/Crime-Punishment-Prisoner-IPP-sentence-struggles-extreme-self-harm.html</span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">
The Mother Aaron Hariss</span></h3>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Mention"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Smart Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">Dear Katherine
</span></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">I hope
that it helps to highlight what my Son and others serving this inhumane
sentence are going through and what it is doing to their mental health
and their families .</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">When will someone in the
government realise that it is barbaric to keep this sentence hanging
over these poor prisoners, give them a light at the end of a really dark
tunnel, I hope and pray every day that my son will survive and not
become just another death in custody statistic for the prison system.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> ..................................................................................................</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<h3 class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">
Hotline for prisoners' families
'not being answered' - report</span></h3>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;">Dozens of prisons across England
and Wales are failing to operate emergency telephone lines to help prevent
suicide and self-harm, a report has revealed. </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;">The research shows a hotline for
relatives of prisoners to call if they have concerns about an inmate was not
being answered or had not even been set up in more than one third of jails.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;">When there was an emergency line,
most calls went to an answering machine.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
</span>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;">The Ministry of Justice said the
findings were "unacceptable".</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">In a statement, the MoJ pledged
"immediate action" to address the problem and asked prisons to ensure
that it is sorted out within the next 24 hours, but has it?</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The availability of a <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-44775937">dedicated "safer
custody" telephone line</a> for families to flag concerns about a
prisoner's physical or mental health was a key recommendation in a review by
Lord Michael Farmer which had been commissioned by the government.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The review was published in 2017
amid mounting concern about the rising tide of self-harm and suicides in
prisons.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"><a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/843117/safety-in-custody-q2-2019.pdf">Figures
from the Ministry of Justice</a> for the 12 months to September 2019 show there
were 90 self-inflicted deaths, one more than the previous year, and in the 12
months to June, 60,594 incidents of self-harm - an increase of 22%. </span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">'Lives depend on it'</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The Prison Reform Trust (PRT),
together with the Prison Advice and Care Trust and the charity Inquest,
conducted research by trying to call 119 jails to test whether Lord Farmer's
proposal had been implemented. </span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The research, seen by the BBC,
found that:</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">22 prisons had no publicly
advertised hotline </span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">In another 22, the number was not
answered, was not working or was just transferred through to a general
switchboard.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Of the 75 numbers that were
directed to safer custody departments, 62 went through to an answerphone - and
only 13 calls were immediately picked up by a member of staff.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Peter Dawson, director of the
PRT, said: "Lord Farmer's report demanded action, and the Prison Service
promised it, but this report shows that the problem is a very long way from
being solved." </span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The PRT said poor arrangements
for families to get in touch with prisons had been identified in inquests into
the deaths of prisoners, including that of Jordan Hullock.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The 19-year-old died of natural
causes at Doncaster Prison in 2015 but an inquest jury identified serious
failures and shortcomings in his care.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">According to the PRT, the inquest
heard evidence that "when Jordan stopped communicating, his mother emailed
and phoned the prison with her concerns, but to no avail".</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Mr Dawson said: "Lives may
depend on the ability to get an urgent message through - every prison should
have a system in place and be testing it regularly."</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">'Never rung me back'</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">In another case, one family
member told researchers they had contacted the safer custody line in a prison
20-25 times between January and June this year.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">"About 40% of the time
someone picks up and says that they will check on him and then ring me back…but
they have never rung me back," the relative said.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">"On one occasion I left a
message four times before they rang me back."</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-44775937"><span style="color: orange;">Prisoners to get phones in their
cells</span></a></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-49110327"><span style="color: orange;">One in seven prisons of 'serious
concern'</span></a></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-43462060"><span style="color: orange;">Less violence
at 'wear own clothes' jail</span></a></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The Ministry of Justice said:
"The findings of this report are unacceptable and we have already taken
immediate action to address the concerns, with governors ensuring that family
members are able to speak to staff if they have information about a prisoner's
wellbeing."</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The department has asked senior
managers to give a personal guarantee that "effective communications
systems" are in place within each prison - and, to underline the urgency,
have asked for this to be done by the end of the day.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The study comes as a separate
report by the Commons Justice Committee said the prison system is in an
"enduring crisis of safety and decency".</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">MPs criticised announcements
about building new prison places to accommodate tougher sentences.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">"Too often we have seen what
might be called 'policy by press notice' without a clear vision for the future
of the prison system," the report said.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
</div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">"While new prison places are
welcome, they do nothing to improve the condition of the current prison estate,
much of which is in an appalling state of disrepair," it adds.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
</span><br />
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">……………………...……………………………………………….</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZTpuLFR-Ub0/XcQqYHnqrgI/AAAAAAAAd_4/WBeqRk0lWb0EDIPoFUgz_IZVovYCydQ7QCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/0_Untitled-design-4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="color: orange;"><img border="0" data-original-height="539" data-original-width="810" height="212" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZTpuLFR-Ub0/XcQqYHnqrgI/AAAAAAAAd_4/WBeqRk0lWb0EDIPoFUgz_IZVovYCydQ7QCLcBGAsYHQ/s320/0_Untitled-design-4.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: orange;">
Heartbreak for 'trapped' Scotswood prisoner Danny Weather son
after parole hearing adjourned until 2020</span></h3>
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: small;"></span><br />
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">‘Trapped’ prisoner Danny Weatherson has taken another blow after his parole hearing was adjourned until 2020.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Behind bars for more than 14 years, Danny had fresh hope when he was told his parole hearing was earlier this month.<iframe data-google-container-id="3" data-integralas-id-690d3b78-71e5-79c0-4e6a-8549fa6c44e9="" data-load-complete="true" frameborder="0" height="8px" id="google_ads_iframe_/5293/chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news_2" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" name="google_ads_iframe_/5293/chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news_2" scrolling="no" srcdoc="" style="border: 0px none; vertical-align: bottom;" title="3rd party ad content" width="8px"></iframe></span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">But the locked up <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/all-about/scotswood" target="_blank">Scotswood</a>
lad has now been informed he will stand in front of a parole board in
February and has secured a human rights solicitor to fight his cause.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Left
to “rot in jail”, Danny is among the thousands caught up in the
controversial Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentences, which
came into force for England and Wales in 2005 but were axed in 2012.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">And
his dad, Maurice Stevens, is raising funds to employ a human rights
solicitor to give his son the best chance of freedom and end his
nightmare.</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">He set up a GoFundMe page to raise the £750 cash needed to pay for
the specialist lawyer and he hopes Danny will be back on the outside
next year.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">“Danny was told that his parole hearing had been adjourned until February,” said Maurice, of <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/all-about/throckley" target="_blank">Throckley,</a> <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/all-about/newcastle-upon-tyne" target="_blank">Newcastle.</a></span></h3>
<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">“We have lost count how many parole hearings he has been to and this
time it was adjourned. Now we have human rights lawyer Kushal Sood to
represent Danny. We feel he has more of a chance now than ever before.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">“Kushal has booked an appointment to see Danny in <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/all-about/hmp-northumberland-1?service=responsive" target="_blank">HMP Northumberland</a>
on November 15 to discuss his case. Kushal is also getting an expert to
write a report on what this is doing to Danny’s mental health.”</span></h3>
<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Mr Sood, who is with Instalaw Solicitors in Nottingham, said: “Danny
is not eligible for Legal Aid but I plan to represent him at his Parole
Board hearing. At present I am liaising with Maurice.”</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Locked up Danny has also won support from an ex-con turned campaigner, Pepsi Watson, helping to fight for his prison release.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Originally, a judge recommended Danny serve just over 15 months for two attempted robberies before he could apply for parole.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">But the devastated 31-year-old is still behind bars.</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">He and his family, led by Maurice, have teamed up with digital
activist and YouTuber Pepsi, who is a former IPP prisoner himself, as
they fight for justice.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">“Danny was sentenced to a 15 month IPP
sentence for attempted robbery of a coat and mobile telephone back in
2005 aged 17 years old. Fourteen years later my son is still locked up
for the same crime because of the injustice of the IPP sentence,” added
Maurice.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">“We are not trying to justify Danny’s initial crime and
understand, as does Danny, that there should be consequences, but these
consequences should fit the <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/all-about/crime" target="_blank">crime</a> and the sentences should be appropriate.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">“Danny
has served 14 years in prison for an attempted robbery of a coat and
mobile phone. To put that into perspective that is longer than some
prisoners have served who have been found guilty of heinous crimes such
as murder and rape.”</span></h3>
<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Danny was just a teenager when a judge recommended he served just
over 15 months - but it took 11 years and nine months for him to be
released - only to be flung back inside.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">He got out on July 3,
2017, and was told to spend three months in a hostel in Leeds before
being allowed to return to home soil in Newcastle.</span></h3>
<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Frustrated about not being with his family, without benefits and
miles away from home, his dad says it is understood Danny was knocked
over but would not co-operate with police.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">And only weeks later, he was recalled to prison.</span></h3>
<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">ad-of-12 Maurice, 47, said: “Last week me and Pepsi went to see Danny
in prison and he is really quite up and down. He really doesn’t know
what to think. It is not good for his mental state. He really should be
out now.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">“In the past he’s tried to commit suicide. He had his
parole knocked back again earlier this year and then adjourned in
October. He has served long enough and we hope he will be released in
February.”</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">ChronicleLive has followed Danny’s plight over the
years and after he was returned to jail in 2017, Maurice asked strangers
to send cards of support to his son.</span></h3>
<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">our caring readers sent him dozens of cards which gave him the mental strength to get through.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">He had taken to
self-harm to get through his dark days, but Danny’s family revealed the
Parole Board said he could be moved to a category D open prison.</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">However, just weeks later, he was told the prison that had been
chosen was changed and Danny tried to kill himself as his hopes were
shattered.</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">At the time his solicitor, Shirley Noble, said he was
being kept inside as he “poses a risk to himself” and uses the
self-harming mechanism to release the pain he suffers emotionally.</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">And
his dad used his son’s attempted suicide to highlight the IPP
sentences, intende</span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">anny, who had been in trouble for a string of minor crimes before
being jailed, was among those who feel they have been left to rot behind
bars.</span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">Earlier this year, a parliamentary report established that there were approximately 2,400 prisoners serving IPP sentences.</span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">The authorities admit the IPP sentence was widely criticised and “used far more widely than intended”.</span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">And this is why it was replaced with a new regime of tough,
determinate sentences, alongside life sentences for the most serious
offenders.</span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">The Chief Inspector of Prisons, Peter Clarke, has
reviewed IPP sentences and said that it was “widely accepted that
implementation of the sentence was flawed”, and that “decisive action”
was needed for reasons of cost, “fairness and justice”, and to relieve
pressures on the system.</span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"><iframe class="converse-re cre-bottom" frameborder="0" height="0" scrolling="no" src="https://get.convrse.media/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chroniclelive.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnorth-east-news%2Fheartbreak-trapped-scotswood-prisoner-danny-17171060&cre=bottom&cip=50" style="float: left; min-width: 100%; width: 1px;" width="100%"></iframe></span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">Former
Justice Secretary Elizabeth Truss said on IPP sentencing: “We need to
be realistic that these prisoners on these sentences have committed
serious crimes and that some are dangerous people. </span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">"But there are others that have long served their minimum term and are committed to proving that they are safe for release.</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">d to protect the public against criminals whose crimes
were not serious enough to merit a normal life sentence, but who were
regarded as too dangerous to be released when the term of their original
sentence had expired.</span></h3>
<h3 style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span></h3>
<h3 class="elementor-image" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: #005000;"></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="elementor-image" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"></span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Self harm, family's
ignored, leading to hundreds of deaths. </span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">" Dozens of prisons
across England and Wales are failing to operate emergency telephone lines to
help prevent suicide and self-harm, a report has revealed.</span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> But the research
shows a hotline for relatives of prisoners to call if they have concerns about
an inmate was not being answered or had not even been set up in more than one
third of jails. </span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
"When there was an
emergency line, most calls went to an answering machine."</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The findings were
"unacceptable". </div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The availability of a <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-44775937">dedicated "safer
custody" telephone line</a> for families to flag concerns about a
prisoner's physical or mental health was a key recommendation in a review.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The review was published in
2017 amid mounting concern about the rising tide of self-harm and suicides in
prisons, </div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
which the government was aware as far back as 2006. current figures </div>
</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;"><span style="color: #cc0000;"><a class="story-body__link-external" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/843117/safety-in-custody-q2-2019.pdf" style="border-color: currentColor currentColor rgb(220, 220, 220); border-style: none none solid; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">from the Ministry of Justice</a></span><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
for the 12 months to September 2019 show there were 90 self-inflicted
deaths, one more than the previous year, and in the 12 months to June,
60,594 incidents of self-harm - an increase of 22%. </span></span></span></span></div>
</div>
<div class="elementor-image" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; margin: 18px 0px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">The
Prison Reform Trust (PRT), together with the Prison Advice and Care
Trust and the charity Inquest, conducted research by trying to call 119
jails to test whether Lord Farmer's proposal had been implemented. </span></div>
</div>
<div class="elementor-image" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; margin: 18px 0px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">The research, seen by the BBC, found that:</span></div>
</div>
<div class="elementor-image" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<ul class="story-body__unordered-list" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin: 18px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li class="story-body__list-item" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; list-style: square; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">22 prisons had no publicly advertised hotline </span></li>
<li class="story-body__list-item" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; list-style: square; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">In another 22, the number was not answered, was not working or was just transferred through to a general switchboard.</span></li>
<li class="story-body__list-item" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; list-style: square; margin: 18px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Of
the 75 numbers that were directed to safer custody departments, 62 went
through to an answerphone - and only 13 calls were immediately picked
up by a member of staff.</span></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"> <span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Peter Dawson, director of the PRT, said: "Lord Farmer's report demanded action", and the Prison Service <b>promised</b> it, but this report shows that the problem is a very long way from being solved." </span></span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">
</span><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="color: orange;"> <span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">The
PRT said "poor arrangements for families to get in touch" with prisons
had been identified in inquests into the deaths of prisoners, including
that of Jordan Hullock.</span></span></span></div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"> "IPP prisoners death alone have had ,scant responses from the government"</span></div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"><span style="color: #cc0000;"> <span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">19-year-old who died <span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">2015</span></span><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> an inquest jury identified serious failures and shortcomings in his care.</span></span><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">According
to the PRT, the inquest heard evidence that "when Jordan stopped
communicating, his mother emailed and phoned the prison with her
concerns, but to no avail".</span></span> </span></div>
</div>
</h3>
<h2 class="story-body__crosshead" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.5rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.1666; margin: 32px 0px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">
'Never phoned back'</span></h2>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; margin: 18px 0px 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="color: orange;">In
another case, one family member told researchers they had contacted the
safer custody line in a prison 20-25 times between January and June
this year.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">
</span><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="color: orange;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">The prison say that they will check on him and then ring me back…but they have never rung me back," the relative said.</span><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">"Lives
may depend on the ability to get an urgent message through - every
prison should have a system in place and be testing it regularly."but
those were failed</span></span></span></div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"> <span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">"On one occasion I left a message four times before they rang me back."</span></span></span></div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"> <a class="story-body__link" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-49110327" style="border-color: currentColor currentColor rgb(220, 220, 220); border-style: none none solid; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">One in seven prisons of 'serious concern'</a></span></div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"> <span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> Family have being reporting issues since 206 but have been ignored.</span></span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">
</span><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">untrue
that governors are ensuring that family members are able to speak to
staff if they have information about a prisoner's wellbeing."</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">
</span><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="color: orange;"> <span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">The
study comes as a separate report by the Commons Justice Committee said
the prison system is in an "enduring crisis of safety and decency".</span></span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">
</span><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="color: orange;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">MPs criticised announcements about building new prison places to accommodate tougher sentences.</span><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">
</span><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none; border-image: none; border: 0px; font: 400 16px/1.8 Times New Roman; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><b><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">"Too
often we have seen what might be called 'policy by press notice'
without a clear vision for the future of the prison system," the report
said</span></b></span></div>
</div>
<span style="color: #cc0000;">
</span><div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border: 0px; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; margin: 0px 0px 23px; orphans: 2; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="color: orange;"> <span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">"While
new prison places are welcome, they do nothing to improve the condition
of the current prison estate, much of which is in an appalling state of
disrepair," it adds.</span></span></span></div>
</div>
</h3>
<h3>
<i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span></h3>
<b></b><span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">………………...…………………………………………….</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-style: inherit; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">In a withering report, the House of Commons Justice Committee condemns the lack of a clear reform plan and long-term strategy to reverse the fortunes of a prison system in an “enduring crisis of safety and decency”.</span></span><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border-image: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-style: inherit; font-variant: normal; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px 0px 10px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">The major report makes conclusions and recommendations in a range of areas. These include:</span></div>
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<ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; border-image: none; border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-style: inherit; font-variant: normal; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: normal; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 10px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: url(&quot; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: left; background-position-y: 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Series of “policy by press release” announcements indicating focus on building new prison places to accommodate tougher sentences has refreshed concerns over the near £1 billion maintenance backlog on “appalling” state of existing prison estate.</span></li>
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: url(&quot; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: left; background-position-y: 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">The condition of the prison system is such that a multi-year funding settlement is urgently required. Prisons should be safe and decent environments that rehabilitate offenders - this not currently the case. The Committee is calling again for a long-term plan to improve the prison system underpinned by the funding make it work.</span></li>
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: url(&quot; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: left; background-position-y: 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Much greater investment in purposeful activity is needed to reduce the estimated £18 billion cost of reoffending and improve safety in prisons. The Government's recent announcements on sentencing may over time result in a significantly increased prison population, without any guarantees that the necessary infrastructure will be put in place to avoid further overcrowding of prisons.</span></li>
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: url(&quot; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: left; background-position-y: 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Even at a daily operational level, the Committee says current arrangements for facilities management do not work. The Ministry should move as soon as possible away from national contracts for facilities management to much smaller, localised arrangements, so that governors have more control over the service and can adapt it to meet the needs of their prison. Initiatives already in place where teams of staff and prisoners carry out minor maintenance work around the prison show what can be achieved and Government should look seriously at rolling out similar initiatives across the whole prison estate.</span></li>
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: url(&quot; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: left; background-position-y: 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Greater autonomy for prison governors is welcome but will not drive necessary change without clear structures and mechanisms for accountability. Additional responsibilities for governors under the empowerment agenda do not match the rhetoric used by the Ministry of Justice, meaning there is still no clarity either as to what governors themselves are responsible for, or who is accountable for the performance of individual prisons.</span></li>
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: url(&quot; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: left; background-position-y: 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Assessment of prison performance is heavily skewed towards safety and security – though even with that, it is taking too long to get important security equipment like body scanners into prisons, and these processes must be reviewed and made to work more efficiently. The commitment to additional measures on purposeful activity and time spent out of cells is welcome, but there needs to be a whole-prison approach to measuring prison performance, particularly measures relating to health and education provision.</span></li>
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: url(&quot; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: left; background-position-y: 5px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.3em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 14px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Too often, prisons are identified as needing extra support, but their performance continues to decline. In the case of HMP Bristol, the Chief Inspector of Prisons invoked the urgent notification protocol despite the fact the prison was under the Ministry’s own special measures. There is little point in identifying poor performance if the necessary resources are not then provided to drive improvement. </span></li>
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<span style="color: orange;">Chair's comments</span></h2>
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<span style="color: orange;"><b style="border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Chair of the Justice Committee, Bob Neill MP, said:</b> </span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">“The prison system in England and Wales is enduring a crisis of safety and decency. Too often we have seen what might be called "policy by press notice" without any clear or coherent vision for the future of the prison system. New prison places might be welcome, but they do nothing to improve the appalling condition of much of the current prison estate, nor the prospect of offering a safe environment in which to rehabilitate offenders. Prisons will not become less violent without proper investment in purposeful activity for prisoners to support rehabilitation. At any rate, given Government’s poor track record in building prisons, we now want to see the detailed plans for the promised £2.5 billion for 10,000 more places, what they’ll look like and when they’ll be up and running.” </span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">The Committee also reiterates its wide-ranging concerns about recruitment, retention, training and incentives for prison staff, from governors to officers, and makes a series of practical recommendations to begin to try to address these problems within a coherent framework for reform.</span></div>
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<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike>https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/justice-committee/news-parliament-2017/prison-governance-report-published-19-20/?fbclid=IwAR1OyxgAh1JARdmJ2VqSdEfDkdTXjmSxaQjInnZpFhW9oBYNVmaWLa33T9U<br />
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<span style="color: orange;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: orange;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">No 5 Barrister Chambers. </span><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Philip Rule concerning IPP sentences</span></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Release Directed for recall IPP prisoner (<span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Charter Chambers) </span></span></div>
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<u><span style="color: #000120; font-family: "times new roman";"></span></u><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: orange; font-size: 12px;">Philip Rule was asked to comment upon the sentence of imprisonment for public protection, IPP, that continues to leave thousands of individuals caught in a system that was in fact abolished four years ago, in 2012. It is in essence a life sentence but one that was applied to many less serious offenders and offences than it has ever been possible or proper to impose life sentences upon.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">The documentary followed the lives and problems of some of those who are languishing inside, and the effect upon their families, and exposes a serious problem that has been sidelined by the Government and effectively ignored since 2012.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Philip has also previously written in The Times to highlight the plight of IPP prisoners and the recent judgment of the Lord Chief Justice that has urged that the problem be addressed by the Secretary of State for Justice.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Speaking to the programme Philip explained that whilst the failure of what was effectively an experiment with this sentence was now regretted by the Home Secretary who brought them in originally, and described as a “stain” on the British justice system by the Secretary of State who abolished them, they remain in operation for many of those caught by the unexpected, unintended and undesirable overuse of the sentence for those for whom it was not in fact originally intended at all.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Little Over 3000 prisoners remain in prison under this IPP sentence, over most already having served any punitive aspect of their sentence but unable to secure release, and that has brought not only considerable challenge to the lives of those affected but it is also costing £150 million each year to the taxpayer. </span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Philip believes the BBC is to be congratulated for investigating this continuing stain on our civilised society, and the deplorable failures that continue to afflict prisoners who cannot access the proper opportunity to be released – unable to do so due to systemic delays and failings over which they have no control. The state must take responsibility for its failures that continue to lead to unnecessary prolongation of detention of many prisoners including some of the most mentally vulnerable within the prison system.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">previously programme, Inside Out London.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Philip was not asked to check the legal accuracy of the programme but was interviewed for comment.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Philip is available to provide expert analysis or comment upon topical legal issues, and for television and film productions requiring consultancy knowledge of the legal systems of England and Wales. He has fifteen years’ experience in practice at the English bar and a particular expertise in issues involving human rights, criminal law, public inquiry, inquest and prison law subjects.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Philip Rule is part of the <u style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://www.no5.com/areas-of-expertise/public-law/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: underline;">Public Law Group</a></u> at No5 Chambers, <u style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://www.no5.com/barristers/barrister-details/436-philip-rule/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: underline;">click here</a></u> to view Philip's profile.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">If you have an enquiry of this nature and would like to discuss Philip providing insight or consultancy to your media project please email <u style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: underline;">publiclaw@no5.com</a></u> and Philip’s clerks will be able to pass on your direct contact details, or contact the marketing department at No5 Chambers on 0845 210 5555 or email <u style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: underline;">marketing@no5.com</a></u>.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">
Last month saw Media story of <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-47879038" target="_blank">Wayne
Bell</a> who received a IPP sentence in 2007 </span><span style="color: #000120;"><br /></span></h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The incident took place in Withington, Manchester
when he assaulted a boy and stole his bike. He has now spent over 10 years in
prison and, despite repeated Parole Board hearings, has still not been
released. This has had a detrimental affect on both Wayne and his family. Wayne Acquired mental <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>while serving this never
ending setence. </span></div>
<span style="color: #000120;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Although the IPP was abolished on 3rd December
2012 there are still prisoners being held under these sentences. <a href="https://gcnchambers.co.uk/barrister/pete-weatherby-qc/">Pete Weatherby QC</a> from
Garden Court North Chambers who has been involved with IPP since its inception
commented that:</span></div>
<span style="color: #000120;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">‘years after the abolition of the
IPP sentence it is an outrage that prisoners continue to serve such sentences. Postdate
Massive cuts to the justice system mean there was insufficient courses to allow
them to progress toward release and the even greater cuts to legal aid mean
that IPP prisoners are unable to obtain legal advice or challenge manifestly
unfair treatment. </span></div>
<span style="color: #000120;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The UK has already been found to
have violated Article 5 of the European Convention (prohibition on arbitrary
detention) with respect to these sentences (Brett James v UK) and the
continuing failure to address this problem shows a contempt for the rule of law
itself.’</span></div>
<span style="color: #000120;"><span style="color: orange;"><br />
<a href="https://gcnchambers.co.uk/barrister/pete-weatherby-qc/">Pete Weatherby QC</a> is
a human rights barrister at Garden Court North Chambers.<br /><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/jan/10/family-ipp-prisoner-tommy-nicol-indeterminate-sentence">https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/jan/10/family-ipp-prisoner-tommy-nicol-indeterminate-sentence</a></span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-m5425919096700171921gmail-msonospacing" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<u></u><span style="color: #000120;"></span><span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">...……………………………………………………...………..</span><br />
<div style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;"><br /></span></span></div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<h3 style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">
IPP Campaign Lobbying Group emailed the Prison Reform and Howard League </span></h3>
<div style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: sans-serif;"><b></b><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">Prison Reform</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"><span style="font-family: sans-serif;"><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: sans-serif;">Said that P</span></span>RT has a
longstanding history of advocacy on the IPP sentence and they have played an
important role in helping to get the sentence abolished in 2012, through
the publication of our in depth research report
Just deserts, which formed the key strand of our evidence into the
government’s sentencing review
</span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"><a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/uploads/documents/unjustdesertsfinal.pdf" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/uploads/documents/unjustdesertsfinal.pdf</a> </span></span>
<span style="font-family: sans-serif;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;">That they remain remain actively engaged on this issue, and a key commitment of our
current strategic plan is to “End the imprisonment of people serving
Sentences of Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP),
and abolish the lifelong IPP licence”</span></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"><a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/PRT%20Plan%202018-2023.pdf" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/PRT%20Plan%202018-2023.pdf</a>
</span></span></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664paragraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">And to this end, PRT has done the following:</span></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="yiv4117073664paragraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">Commissioned
research on the reasons why IPP prisoners are recalled and how they can
be supported to make a success of their release on licence in the
community. This research is being led by Russell
Webster under the supervision of PRT’s head of research Dr Kimmett
Edgar, and is due to report in the new year.</span></li>
<li class="yiv4117073664paragraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">Commissioned Dr
Harry Annison at Southampton University to conduct research on the
contribution families can make to the successful resettlement of IPP
prisoners on release. This project is due to
report in the autumn.</span></li>
<li class="yiv4117073664paragraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">Raised the ongoing plight of IPP prisoners in evidence to key inquiries including</span></li>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="yiv4117073664paragraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">Evidence to the joint civil society shadow report to the UN Committee Against Torture UK review</span></li>
<li class="yiv4117073664paragraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">Evidence to the European Council Committee for the Prevention of Torture</span></li>
<li class="yiv4117073664paragraph" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt;">Evidence to the Justice Committee inquiry on the prison population</span></li>
</ul>
<li class="yiv4117073664MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 0cm;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;">PRT will use any legislative
opportunities that arise to try and secure an amendment to convert IPP
sentences into determinate sentences with a guaranteed minimum licence
period. We recently briefed for a Westminster
Hall debate on the issue and much of our work was cited in the</span></li>
<li class="yiv4117073664MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="color: orange;"> <b>Debate</b> <a href="https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2019-06-11/debates/2592FEF3-7781-412F-808A-BA500398BD7B/ImprisonmentForPublicProtection#contribution-0E165B15-80E5-46DD-A218-3E0526E1ECD7" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">
https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2019-06-11/debates/2592FEF3-7781-412F-808A-BA500398BD7B/ImprisonmentForPublicProtection#contribution-0E165B15-80E5-46DD-A218-3E0526E1ECD7</a></span></span></li>
<li class="yiv4117073664MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;">Work with trusted colleagues in the media to raise the profile of IPP prisoners</span></li>
<li class="yiv4117073664MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 0cm;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;">Work to improve the use of tools
which can help progression and preparation for resettlement, including
ROTL and the open estate. PRT’s submission to the government’s ROTL
review highlighted the importance of ROTL
to the progression of IPP prisoners and ways in which its use could be
increased.</span></li>
<li class="yiv4117073664MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 0cm;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;">PRT’s contribution to the Parole
Board review highlighted the importance of an independent Parole Board
and the dangers of greater transparency to a fair and proportionate
response to risk.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;"> </span></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;">They asked about the possibility of legal action in relation to the case of
Wayne Bell PRT is not a legal charity, and therefore we would not be in
a position to advise on the merits of such a
case. However, said we may wish to contact a lawyer with expertise in the
field. Simon Creighton at Bhatt Murphy has taken on a number of IPP
cases and may be able to assist</span></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;"><a href="https://bhattmurphy.co.uk/our-people/simon-creighton" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://bhattmurphy.co.uk/our-people/simon-creighton</a></span></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;"> </span></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;">You may also wish to contact the Prisoners Advice Service</span></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.prisonersadvice.org.uk/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">http://www.prisonersadvice.org.uk/</a></span></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;"> </span></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;">Kind regards,</span></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;">Mark Day</span></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;">Head of Policy and Communications</span></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: sans-serif;">Prison Reform Trust</span></div>
<div class="yiv4117073664MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></span>
<br />
<span style="color: orange;">………………………..</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail-MsoNoSpacing" dir="ltr" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div dir="ltr">
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif;"></span>
</div>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: orange;"> Howard league</span></span><br />
<div dir="ltr">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="yiv1267661306gmail_attr" dir="ltr">
</div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div class="yiv1267661306MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">That the Howard League
has done quite a lot of work on the IPP sentence so I am well aware of
the issues you raise. We had planned to do some work in parliament to
abolish the life licence but have not been able to because of the lack
of legislative opportunity. I hope to be able to do something about this
next year.</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Kind regards</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Frances Crook</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Chief Executive</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Howard League for Penal Reform</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">1 Ardleigh Road</span></div>
<div class="yiv1267661306MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">London N1 4HS</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="http://www.howardleague.org/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="color: orange;">www.howardleague.org</span></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span>
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;">Thank you to both for your transparency and hard work. </span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange;">..................................................................................................................... </span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">An IPP Mum</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">Dear Katherine,
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Thank you for such a kind reply, although with IPP’s still affecting so many individuals and families it is in
humane that imprisonment continues and so many suffer breakdowns (and worse) as
a result. I can see you’re doing all you can and I’m not sure if I can offer
any more advice for the family you mentioned, his situation isn’t the same as
my son.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">I know he was not
mentally unwell before he was sentenced,I’d guess he will be one of many
IPP prisoners who have become so unwell as a result of their IPP sentence that
they’ve been transferred to hospital, the fact that’s he’s still there
indicates how unwell he still is. It’s heartbreaking, I feel for him and his
family, I will try and think of a way through but I hope the Howard League can
help? Or try Liberty, it is surely a major human rights issue? </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">I’ll think if there are any other
avenues, assume you’ve tried their local MP? I’ll get back in touch soon, with
any suggestions I can think of. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Take care of yourself, hard to do
but vital! </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Linso</span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: #0563c1;"> </span></span>
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"> ............................................................................................................................</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Dear Katherine</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">What about support for IPP prisoner and there families to get a legal position of the prisoners caught in long term negative relationships with the parole board resulting in their worsening mental health conditions. There is often a reciprocal antipathy which is driving refusal of parole and then mental collapse. It might be a form of iatrogenesis and be seen as a feedback loop. It is highly problematic for some prisoners who if they had had determinate sentences (as in the present system since 2012) would have been released, but because their sentence is is never ending until they can prove they want do it again which …they become trapped. Look at calls for an inquiry into the IPP Deaths</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">What about Propose strategies to pursue action.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">The best way to move forward in my opinion is with pressure from other prison reform charities. They can put pressure directly on the executive, the also have legal expertise and have solicitors who would know the Archbold inside out. </span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal;">
<div style="margin: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">The current executive don’t care about prisoners’ rights at all but if there is a general election and Labour or the Liberal Dems get in we should see movement. </span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"><br /></span></h2>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">
lifting the lid on some of the more "complex,
out-dated or difficult issues that are currently happening in prisons
across the UK</span></h2>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Paul Bousell Twenty-eight is serving time in HMP Winchester
with no release date. His crime was threatening staff at a Londi's
store. lingering in jail until his death, due to the controversial IPP
sentence. IPP sentence meant that you would only be released if you
could convince
the Parole Board that you no longer pose a risk to the public but not
given ant further means to do so from what they have already done.IPP
and its open-ended nature removed hope and structure. Although it was
abolished in 2012, 3,429 IPP offenders still remain in
prison, unable to convince the Parole Board awaiting delayed
rehabilitation courses that are seen to be a condition of their release.It's set in Winchester Prison - which was
placed into special measures
in December 2017 - over a 48-hour period of serious unrest, with
inmates protesting about being locked away for 23 hours a day. </span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">Delays and defers needs serious attention by the government.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
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<span style="color: orange;">.......................................................................................................................... </span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;">P<span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 18.73px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">rison to Hospital a- </span></span>Re think mental illness </span></span></h3>
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<span style="color: orange;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Section 47 &49 detained
in hospital and rights Section 47 of the Mental Health .</span><span style="font-weight: normal;">Act that allows mental
health professionals to transfer you from prison to hospital for
treatment. </span></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">To be transferred from prison to hospital, you must be so unwell
that you need treatment in hospital. The hospital can treat you without your permission.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>could go back to prison if your mental
health gets better. If you are still in hospital when your sentence ends, the
hospital can discharge you. If you need to stay in hospital, they will move you
to a different section, called a ‘notional’ section 37.If you do not agree
with being on this section,</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">you can appeal to a First-Tier Tribunal (FTT). And
to the hospital managers. But, for you to be discharged, the Secretary of
State for Justice has to agree with their decision. When you are discharged,
you are entitled to free aftercare services under section 117 of the Mental
Health Act. </span></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans" , "trebuchet ms" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.7776px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">continued </span><a href="https://www.rethink.org/advice-and-information/rights-restrictions/police-courts-and-prison/section-47-49/">https://www.rethink.org/advice-and-information/rights-restrictions/police-courts-and-prison/section-47-49/</a></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans" , "trebuchet ms" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.7776px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span><a href="https://www.judiciary.uk/publications/new-edition-of-the-equal-treatment-bench-book-launched">https://www.judiciary.uk/publications/new-edition-of-the-equal-treatment-bench-book-launched</a></span><br />
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<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"> <span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="font-size: 13px; text-indent: -18pt;">25/07/2019</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="color: orange;">Prison Reform </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="color: orange;"> <span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.008px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">70% of people who died from self-inflicted means whilst in prison had already been identified as having mental health needs. However, the Prisons and Probation Ombudsman (PPO) found that concerns about mental health problems had only been flagged on entry to the prison for just over half of these people</span><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.008px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">The PPO’s investigation found that nearly one in five of those diagnosed with a mental health problem received no care from a mental health professional in prison.</span><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.008px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">The PPO also found that no mental health referral was made when it should have been in 29% of self-inflicted deaths where mental health needs had already been identified.</span><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.008px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">0% of prisons inspected in 2016–17 had inadequate or no training for prison officers to know when to refer a person for mental health support.</span></span></span></div>
<ul style="background-color: white; font-family: "arial","verdana",sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="list-style: disc;"><span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="font-size: 13px; text-indent: -18pt;">The number of incidents of self-harm are also up, with the second highest ever recorded quarterly figure</span></span></li>
<li style="list-style: disc;"><span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="font-size: 13px; text-indent: -18pt;">The number of deaths has decreased over the last quarter, and the annual number has also slightly decreased to 309 from 311 </span></span></li>
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<span style="color: #cc0000;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.008px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Ipp prisoners are very high in poportion . </span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "verdana" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.008px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: #cc0000;"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">.........................................................................................................................</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">
</span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">
Sentencing Council. Sentencing Offenders with Mental Health Conditions or
Disorders .
</span></h2>
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<h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 22px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; margin: 20px 0px 16px; padding-left: 2px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">
Section one: General approach<b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;"> </b></span></h2>
<ol style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: orange;">The guidance given in this guideline will assist sentencers when sentencing offenders who have any of the conditions or disorders outlined in <a href="https://www.sentencingcouncil.org.uk/offences/magistrates-court/item/sentencing-offenders-with-mental-health-conditions-or-disorders-for-consultation-only/#annexa" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: underline;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;">Annex A</b></a>. The mere fact that an offender has such a condition or disorder does not necessarily mean that it will have an impact on sentencing.</span></li>
</ol>
<ol start="2" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: orange;">There are a wide range of mental health conditions, neurological impairments and developmental disorders, and the level of any impairment will vary between individuals. Accordingly, in assessing whether the condition or disorder has any impact on sentencing, the approach to sentencing should be individualistic and focused on the particular issues relevant in the case concerned. In particular:</span></li>
</ol>
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 6px 0px 8px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 18px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">care should be taken to avoid making assumptions, as unlike some physical conditions, many mental health conditions, neurological impairments or learning disabilities are not easily recognisable</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">no adverse inference should necessarily be drawn if an offender had not previously been formally diagnosed, or had not previously declared a condition (possibly due to a fear of stigmatisation or because they are unaware they have a condition)</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">it is not uncommon for people to have a number of different conditions, ‘co-morbidity’ and for drug and/or alcohol dependence to be a factor</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">difficulties of definition and classification in this field are common, there may be differences of expert opinion and diagnosis in relation to the offender, or it may be that no specific condition can be identified</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">sentencers should be wary of acting on the basis of self- diagnosis or on diagnosis from those unqualified, which alone will rarely be sufficient</span></li>
</ul>
<ol start="3" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: orange;">In any case where the offender is or appears to be mentally disordered, the court must obtain and consider a medical report before passing a custodial sentence other than one fixed by law, unless, in the circumstances of the case, the court is of the opinion that it is unnecessary (section 157 Criminal Justice Act 2003). There is more information on section 157 at <b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;">Annex B.</b> It may be unnecessary if existing sources of information can be used, such as from probation, defence representatives, prison, police or court mental health teams, or family members. In addition, section 39 of the MHA provides that a court may request information about a patient from local health services if considering making a hospital or interim hospital order. Further information about requests for reports can be found at <a href="https://www.sentencingcouncil.org.uk/offences/magistrates-court/item/sentencing-offenders-with-mental-health-conditions-or-disorders-for-consultation-only/#annexb" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: underline;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;">Annex B</b></a> of this document.</span><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;"><u style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></u></b></li>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: orange;">Where a custodial sentence is passed the court should forward psychiatric, medical and pre-sentence reports to the prison, to ensure that the prison has appropriate information about the offender’s condition and can ensure their welfare.</span></li>
</ol>
<ol start="5" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: orange;">Courts should always be alive to the impact of a condition on an offender’s ability to understand and participate in proceedings. To avoid misunderstandings, which could lead to further offences, it is important to ensure that offenders understand their sentence and what will happen if they reoffend and or breach the terms of their licence or supervision. Courts should therefore consider putting the key points in an accessible way. Further information can be found at Chapter Four of the Equal Treatment Bench Book.</span></li>
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<ol start="6" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: orange;">There are particular issues courts may also wish to familiarise themselves with, with regards to cultural and ethnicity considerations and offenders within a mental health context. Further information can be found at Chapter Eight of the Equal Treatment Bench Book.</span></li>
</ol>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; margin: 8px 0px 16px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<a href="https://www.judiciary.uk/publications/new-edition-of-the-equal-treatment-bench-book-launched/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: underline;" target="_blank"><span style="color: orange;">https://www.judiciary.uk/publications/new-edition-of-the-equal-treatment-bench-book-launched/</span></a></div>
<ol start="7" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: orange;">In all cases where the court is considering a mental health disposal, the court must be satisfied that treatment is available. If the treatment proposed is not within a NHS hospital, courts should take particular care to confirm the proposed hospital/treatment centre has the appropriate level of security and specialist staff able to address the offending behaviour in addition to treating the mental health condition. In all cases, courts should consider whether a restraining order or other ancillary order may be appropriate. In addition, if the court is considering making a mental health treatment requirement, sentencers should first seek assurance that the proposed treating psychiatrist is aware of the duty to inform the court of any non-compliance with the order.</span></li>
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<h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 22px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; margin: 20px 0px 16px; padding-left: 2px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">
Section two: Assessing culpability</span></h2>
<ol start="8" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: orange;">Courts should refer to offence specific guidelines to assess culpability, in conjunction with this guideline. If an offender has any of the conditions or disorders listed in <a href="https://www.sentencingcouncil.org.uk/offences/magistrates-court/item/sentencing-offenders-with-mental-health-conditions-or-disorders-for-consultation-only/#annexa" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; text-decoration: underline;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;">Annex A</b></a>, it is possible that it may affect their level of responsibility for an offence. The relevance of any condition will depend on the nature, extent and effect of the condition on an individual and whether there is a causal connection between the condition and the offence. It is for sentencers to decide how much responsibility the offender retains for the offence, given the particular disorder or condition and the specific facts of the case at hand. </span><b style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bold;"><u style="box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></u></b></li>
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<ol start="9" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: orange;">In some cases the condition may mean that culpability is significantly reduced, in others, the condition may have no relevance to culpability. Assessments of culpability will vary between cases due to the differences in the nature and severity of conditions, and the fluctuation of some conditions; it is not possible to be prescriptive in this regard. Careful analysis of the evidence is required to make this assessment, which the sentencer, who will be in possession of all the relevant information, is best placed to make. Expert evidence, where offered and relevant, should be taken into account, but sentencers must make their own decisions and should not feel bound to follow expert opinion. Examples of when it may not be appropriate to follow expert opinion include, but are not limited to, where conclusions are based on incomplete analysis or a misreading of the evidence, or where experts suggest a diagnosis without a clear indication of how it affects culpability.</span></li>
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<ol start="10" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px;"><span style="color: orange;">Courts may find the following list of questions to consider helpful, to assist in deciding the level of culpability:</span></li>
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">Did the offender’s condition mean it impaired their ability to exercise appropriate judgement?</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">Did the offender’s condition impair their ability to make rational choices, or to think clearly?</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">Did the offender’s condition impair their ability to understand the nature and consequences of their actions?</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">Did the offender’s condition have the effect of making them disinhibited?</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">Were there any elements of premeditation or pre-planning in the offence, which might indicate a higher degree of culpability?</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">Were there attempts to minimise their wrongdoing or to conceal their actions, which might indicate a higher degree of culpability?</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">Did the offender have any insight into their illness, or did they lack insight?</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">Did the offender seek help, and fail to receive appropriate treatment or care?</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">If there was a lack of compliance in taking medication or following medical advice, was this influenced by the condition or not?</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 24px; margin: 2px 0px 2px 15px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">If the offender exacerbated their condition by drinking/taking drugs, were they aware of the potential effects of doing so?</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open sans","arial",sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; margin: 8px 0px 16px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 2px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"> </span></div>
<span style="color: orange;">Continued</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<a href="https://www.sentencingcouncil.org.uk/offences/magistrates-court/item/sentencing-offenders-with-mental-health-conditions-or-disorders-for-consultation-only/"><span style="color: orange;">https://www.sentencingcouncil.org.uk/offences/magistrates-court/item/sentencing-offenders-with-mental-health-conditions-or-disorders-for-consultation-only/</span></a><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Do judges and magistrates in England and Wales, have a clear structure and process to follow when sentencing people with mental health conditions and disorders, and those with learning disabilities, autism, brain injury, substance misuse disorders and dementia.</span><br />
<a href="https://www.sentencingcouncil.org.uk/news/item/proposals-for-sentencing-offenders-with-mental-health-conditions-published/"><span style="color: orange;">https://www.sentencingcouncil.org.uk/news/item/proposals-for-sentencing-offenders-with-mental-health-conditions-published/</span></a><br />
<span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans" , "trebuchet ms" , "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.7776px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span>
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<span style="color: orange;">The Equal Treatment Bench Book aims to increase awareness
and understanding of the different circumstances of people appearing in courts
and tribunals. It helps enable effective communication and suggests steps</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: orange;"> <a href="https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/ETBB-February-2018-edition-September-2019-revision.pdf">https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/ETBB-February-2018-edition-September-2019-revision.pdf</a></span></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">......................................................................</span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
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There were more than 311 deaths between June 2018 and June 2019</span></h3>
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<i><span style="color: orange;"> fundamentally flawed vanity project S” for failing to create a
safe environment for prisoners</span></i></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
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<div style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">A Prisoner died after hanging himself while on hourly observations. discovered in his cell at Sheppey's HMP Swaleside in Eastchurch on June 3, 2017.days before he celebrated his birthday on May 18. The inquest, which lasted four days, heard how the Lithuanian was under
an Assessment, Care in Custody and Teamwork (ACCT) review.Four days later officers were called to his cell when his call button was pressed.They found he had cut his arms.He explained he had been missing his family and he was also worried about the length of his sentence. The next day an assessment was held where he talked more about his
worries, he could not get hold of his ex-girlfriend - who visited him
about once a month - and he had been put on basic privileges without a
radio or tv.</span></div>
<div style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">evidence Mr Skinner said he did not check him at 7pm - leaving a gap of
at least one hour and 39 minutes where he was locked in his cell and not
monitored.alarm was raised and backup arrived to give him CPR while they waited 40 minutes for paramedics who declared him dead at 8.29pm.</span></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
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<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
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<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
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<b><span style="color: orange;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Winston Augustine, who died in Wormwood Scrubs
just after the start of the 10 Prisons Project</span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">h . </span></span></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; color: orange; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">His girlfriend called for a more compassionate approach to
address the pressing challenges the institutions face, she recalls </span></span></span></b><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"><b>J</b>ust before his death<span style="font-weight: normal;"> she rang the prison on the day of his death after Winston
failed to make his daily phone call to her. she was told by
a member of staff Winston had been transferred to a segregation cell and could
not speak to her. </span></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></span></span><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">
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<span style="color: orange;">That night police and family liaison officers knocked on his
mother's door in South Ealing to tell her his body had been discovered just
under two hours after Kimberley made the phone call, and that he had hung
himself. She states stafff want the family to to believe he took his own life,however,the evidence suggests otherwise and the family to want answers and are</span></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background: white; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></span></span></span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
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<span style="color: orange;">INQUEST TRUTH JUSTICE & ACCOUNTABILITY </span></div>
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<a href="https://www.inquest.org.uk/?fbclid=IwAR3jeEW8yqnGcj-LjlAP9gA3IsUN3Ow-mwVJEdU_9m2nMpwa0MGLbpEg7AY"><span style="color: orange;">https://www.inquest.org.uk/?fbclid=IwAR3jeEW8yqnGcj-LjlAP9gA3IsUN3Ow-mwVJEdU_9m2nMpwa0MGLbpEg7AY</span></a></div>
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<section class="elementor-element elementor-element-628e2dc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section" data-element_type="section" data-id="628e2dc" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; position: relative; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 1140px; position: relative;">
<div class="elementor-row" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; width: 100%;">
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<div class="elementor-widget-container" style="box-sizing: border-box; transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s; transition-duration: 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s; transition-property: background, border, border-radius, box-shadow, border-radius, -webkit-box-shadow; transition-timing-function: ease, ease, ease, ease, ease, ease;">
<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">
EMCDDA 2019 UK Country Report</span></h2>
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</section><section class="elementor-element elementor-element-628e2dc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section" data-element_type="section" data-id="628e2dc" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; position: relative; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</section><section class="elementor-element elementor-element-1e78c89 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section" data-element_type="section" data-id="1e78c89" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; position: relative; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 1140px; position: relative;">
<div class="elementor-row" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; width: 100%;">
<div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c52f810 elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column" data-element_type="column" data-id="c52f810" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; min-height: 1px; position: relative; width: 100%;">
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<div class="elementor-widget-container" style="box-sizing: border-box; transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s; transition-duration: 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s; transition-property: background, border, border-radius, box-shadow, border-radius, -webkit-box-shadow; transition-timing-function: ease, ease, ease, ease, ease, ease;">
<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="box-sizing: border-box;">
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">Last
week (6 June 2019), the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug
Addiction (EMCDDA) published its annual report on drugs in Europe which I
summarised <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/emcdda19info/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;">here</a>. Today, I look at the the UK specific findings presented in the latest <a href="http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/countries/drug-reports/2019/united-kingdom_en" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: none;">EMCDDA Country Drug Report for the UK</a>.</span></div>
<h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.75rem; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem;">
<span style="color: orange;">
Overview</span></h3>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">The
report presents the top-level overview of the drug phenomenon in the
United Kingdom, covering drug supply, use and public health problems as
well as drug policy and responses. The statistical data reported relate
to 2017 and so is not as up-to-date on some issues as national
publications.</span></div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">Nevertheless, the report is an excellent primer on drug issues in the UK covering:</span></div>
<ul style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Drug strategy & co-ordination</span></li>
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Public expenditure</span></li>
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Drug use, drug-related infectious diseases, drug-related emergencies and drug-related deaths</span></li>
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Drug laws & offences</span></li>
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Drug prevention, harm reduction and treatment including a separate section on drugs in prison.</span></li>
<li style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 100%; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: orange;">Drug markets</span></li>
</ul>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">In this blog post, I pick out a number of key facts which I hope will be of interest to readers.</span></div>
<h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.75rem; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem;">
<span style="color: orange;">
1: Public expenditure</span></h3>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">The
latest estimate (pre-austerity) suggests that the amount of public
expenditure on drug-related issues is approximately 0.5% of our Gross
Domestic Product with two thirds of this spent on tackling the supply of
drugs and on third on demand reduction.</span></div>
<h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.75rem; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem;">
<span style="color: orange;">
2: Injecting concerns</span></h3>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">There
are concerns about changes in the patterns of drug injection in the
United Kingdom, in particular the increased injection of crack cocaine
and amphetamine-type stimulants, and the emergence in recent years of
the injection of NPS. Data from the 2017 Unlinked Anonymous Monitoring
survey of people who inject drugs indicate that the injection of crack
has increased in recent years in England and Wales, with 51 % of those
who had injected during the preceding 4 weeks reporting the injection of
crack cocaine.</span></div>
<h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.75rem; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem;">
<span style="color: orange;">
3: Drug-induced deaths</span></h3>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">In
2016, the United Kingdom reported a record number of drug-related
deaths, continuing the increasing trend since 2012. Males accounted for
two thirds of drug-related deaths in 2016, and the mean age at time of
death was 42 years. The average age of those dying has risen every year
since 2006. Because of delays in the registration of deaths, the total
number of drug-induced deaths in 2017 in the United Kingdom is not yet
known, but data published on the number of deaths registered in Scotland
in 2017 suggest that a further increase in the UK total can be
expected </span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section><span style="color: orange;"></span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<h3 class="elementor-image" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.75rem; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s; transition-duration: 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s; transition-timing-function: ease, ease, ease, ease, ease, ease; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">
4: Drug treatment</span></h3>
<div class="elementor-image" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s; transition-duration: 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s; transition-timing-function: ease, ease, ease, ease, ease, ease; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">Around
238 000 clients received drug treatment in England and Wales in 2017.
Approximately half of them entered treatment during 2017, one third of
whom had never been treated previously. Under half of all clients
entering treatment in 2017 were primary opioid users, mainly heroin
users. Cannabis was the most frequently reported primary drug among
first-time treatment entrants; the increasing trend for the proportion
of clients that were primary cannabis users stopped in 2015. A notable
increase in the number and proportion of primary cocaine clients,
including first-time treatment entrants, has been reported since 2014.
Cocaine clients may use powder and, to a lesser extent, crack cocaine.
More than half of heroin treatment entrants also use crack cocaine; this
pattern of use has been increasing since 2003/04.</span></div>
<h3 class="elementor-image" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.75rem; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s; transition-duration: 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s; transition-timing-function: ease, ease, ease, ease, ease, ease; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">
5: Drug importation routes</span></h3>
<div class="elementor-image" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s; transition-duration: 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s; transition-timing-function: ease, ease, ease, ease, ease, ease; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">The
identified drug supply chains to the United Kingdom, on the whole,
follow well-established trafficking routes. Heroin originates from
Afghanistan and is most commonly brought in via either Pakistan or Iran,
or more recently through Ukraine.</span></div>
<div class="elementor-image" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s; transition-duration: 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s; transition-timing-function: ease, ease, ease, ease, ease, ease; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">The
Netherlands and Belgium are the main transit hubs within Europe for
cocaine en route to the United Kingdom. Furthermore, the Netherlands and
Belgium are the most significant sources of established synthetic
stimulant drugs, such as MDMA/ecstasy, amphetamine and methamphetamine,
while most non-retail quantities of new psychoactive substances bought
online originate from China.</span></div>
<div class="elementor-image" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s; transition-duration: 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s; transition-timing-function: ease, ease, ease, ease, ease, ease; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">South
and West Africa and the Caribbean are the main sources of imported
herbal cannabis, while cannabis resin originates mainly from Morocco
and, to a lesser extent, Afghanistan. Branded strains of high-potency
cannabis are imported from the Netherlands. Cannabis is also cultivated
in significant quantities across the United Kingdom, with production
being controlled, for the most part, by British organised crime groups.
Crack cocaine is converted locally from imported cocaine powder.
Amphetamine may also be produced in the United Kingdom, with active
laboratories believed to be most commonly located in the north-west of
England.</span></div>
<h3 class="elementor-image" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.75rem; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s; transition-duration: 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s; transition-timing-function: ease, ease, ease, ease, ease, ease; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">
6: Drug offences down</span></h3>
<div class="elementor-image" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s; transition-duration: 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s; transition-timing-function: ease, ease, ease, ease, ease, ease; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">The
number of arrests for drug law offences has decreased in recent years.
In 2015/16, approximately 107 000 court convictions and police cautions
for drug offences were reported in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern
Ireland. Of the offences in which the drug involved was recorded (in
England, Wales and Scotland), 55 % were cannabis related, 23 % were
cocaine related (excluding crack cocaine) and 12 % were heroin related.</span></div>
<div class="elementor-image" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0.9rem; margin-top: 0px; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; transition-delay: 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s, 0s; transition-duration: 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s, 0.3s; transition-timing-function: ease, ease, ease, ease, ease, ease; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">http://www.russellwebster.com/emcddauk19/?utm_source=ReviveOldPost&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=ReviveOldPos</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
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<span style="color: orange;">………......………...……………………...………………………...</span><br />
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<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: orange;">
Why Ex-Offenders Could be the Answer to the UK Labour
Shortage</span></h3>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open_sansregular","arial","helvetica"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"><span style="font-family: "open_sanssemibold" , "arial" , "helvetica";">Employment</span> in the UK has boomed in recent years. With around 845,000 vacancies, the number of people in work at record highs and an exodus of European workers, there are now severe labour shortages in many sectors.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open_sansregular","arial","helvetica"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">In that context, it’s truly dispiriting that we can expect just 17 per cent of the 71,000 prisoners released every year to be in P45 employment one year later. While the reasons for this are complex, it suggests that prisoners aren’t learning the skills that would qualify them for vacancies outside and businesses are still nervous about employing people with a criminal past.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open_sansregular","arial","helvetica"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">In much of the country, prisons and businesses are two separate worlds that rarely collide. As business owners agonise over how to fill their vacancies – perhaps as they drive past prison gates on their way to work – they are unaware that part of the answer may be hidden on the other side of the prison walls. </span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open_sansregular","arial","helvetica"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open_sansregular","arial","helvetica"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">Tackling this requires local intelligence. That’s why it is was encouraging to hear the prisons minister, Rory Stewart, <a href="https://hansard.parliament.uk/commons/2018-11-13/debates/023DB2CC-EA5A-4AD5-B6EE-3808BF48CE35/Offenders%E2%80%99Employment" style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: underline; transition: 0.3s ease-out;">say</a> recently that prison education should not just be relevant to employment, but <i style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">local </i>employment. It’s no use training prisoners to cut hair if an area is already full of barber shops.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "open_sansregular","arial","helvetica"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="color: orange;">While training prisoners in skills needed to go self-employed is helpful, businesses have a vital role. The New Futures Network is beginning to match prisons to local employers but with six in ten employers automatically rejecting applicants with a criminal record, it’s clear that businesses need greater confidence that taking on an ex-offender will not necessarily put their enterprise at risk.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Many business owners have painstakingly built their business over many years and are understandably wary of turning to prisoners to fill vacancies. But if prisons show they have a detailed understanding of the local labour markets needs that their prisoners will be released into, businesses will take notice. Employers’ confidence can be built further by giving them an opportunity to shape prisoner training, which also provides a way to develop familiarity between prisoners and their potential employers. The assumptions of the businesses we work with are turned upside down when they realise that by working in a prison, they will know more about a prospective employee with a criminal past than if they turn to a recruitment agency or look overseas. </span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">It can be done. Last week four men at a prison where we work in northwest England were employed on a day release basis returning to prison each night. What’s more, the jobs in the construction industry are theirs on release and the hourly rate - already well above the minimum wage - will more than double. These men are now role models on their wing, with others asking how they can follow their lead. </span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">The benefits for the community are clear – ex-offenders are less likely to return to crime. But businesses need to be given something more tangible than the nebulous concept of “doing the right thing”. Unless we demonstrate the potential value they could be missing out on, businesses will continue to pass prisons by and overlook the huge opportunity for their organisation. </span></div>
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<b style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: open_sanssemibold, arial, helvetica; font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: orange;">To find out more Seetec’s prison education and skills services, including labour market analysis services for prison governors, contact us today https://www.seetec.co.uk/justice or 01702 201070.</span></b></div>
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<b style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: open_sanssemibold, arial, helvetica; font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: orange;">................................................................................................................ </span></b></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">Joe Chapman</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;">WARNING TO POST TARRIF IPP’s ...</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">If the Parole Board do not accept
an application for a move to open prison or release, but a transfer to a PIPE
has been recommended, such as HMP Warren Hill, this is an acceptance that no
further treatment is required.</span></div>
<span style="color: orange;">They must then show good progress
in the Psychologically Informed Planned Environment, where they may then be
considered for release.
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The waiting time can be lengthy
(up to 2 years) and it could take a further 18 months to 2 years, to move
through the PIPE process.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Release is not guaranteed at the
end of that!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">If either HMP GRENDON or HMP
DOVEGATE Therapeutic Communities are suggested as an alternative option, these
should not be accepted without seeking the advice of a suitably experienced
prison lawyer or independent professional advice!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">HMP GRENDON and DOVEGATE provide
very intense therapeutic treatment, and prisoners are expected to be there for
at least 2 years ( many find them selves there for 3 to 4 years) with no
release having completed the therapy, and the potential for other offending
behaviour work being recognised whilst there!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">A move to these prisons should
only be considered if the prisoner agrees that he needs therapy for major
issues. It should always be voluntary and not a forced decision ...</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">After therapy it could mean that
a further period in a category C prison may be recommended before any release
could be considered, possibly 18 month to 2 years.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">The Parole Board could then
decide that the prisoner needed to be tested in Open Conditions, meaning a
potential for a further 2 years before release!</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Once transfer to either TC is
placed onto a sentence plan, it can be a battle to remove it.</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">IF A MOVE TO PIPE HAS BEEN
CONSIDERED ACCEPTABLE BY ALL PARTIES AT A PAROLE HEARING, IT IS NEVER A
POSITIVE MOVE TO ACCEPT A MOVE INTO AN INTENSE THERAPEUTIC REGIME, WHICH COULD
MEAN A FURTHER 4 - 6 YEARS IN PRISON ....</span></div>
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<h3 style="text-align: left;">
Rates of re offending were lower for those serving longer jail terms than shorter.</h3>
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<a href="https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/uk/scrapping-short-jail-sentences-not-right-way-forward-says-justice-secretary-38602072.html">https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/uk/scrapping-short-jail-sentences-not-right-way-forward-says-justice-secretary-38602072.html</a> </div>
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<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/may/26/short-prison-sentences-do-not-work-says-justice-secretary-david-gauke">i year old https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/may/26/short-prison-sentences-do-not-work-says-justice-secretary-david-gauke</a></div>
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Useful links<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "times new roman";">Legal</span> Aid https://www.gov.uk/check-legal-aid<br />
<br />
advocate. https://weareadvocate.org.uk/<br />
https://www.blackstonechambers.com/barristers/monica-carss-frisk-qc/<br />
<i>https://www.focusondisability.org.uk/law-centre.html</i><i>criminal injuries compensation https://www.chba.org.uk/find-counsel/pro-bono-access<br />https://www.lawworks.org.uk/<br />https://www.serjeantsinn.com/our-approach/pro-bono/</i><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
………………………………......…………………...……………………..<br />
<a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">www.russellwebster.com</a><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-7469861/Crime-Punishment-Prisoner-IPP-sentence-struggles-extreme-self-harm.html</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
https://maosoo3h.com/2019/09/crime-and-punishment-prisoner-with-ipp-sentence-struggles-with-extreme-self-harm/.html</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2017/08/im-blame-blunketts-indefinite-prison-sentences-and-thousands-still-locked</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
https://www.inquest.org.uk/charlotte-nokes-inquest-opens</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
https://www.kentonline.co.uk/sheerness/news/murderer-hanged-himself-while-on-hourly-observations-213517/</div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">https://inews.co.uk/culture/television/crime-and-punishment-when-its-on-c4-tonight-what-to-expect-from-the-doc-series-615183</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span><a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/WhatWeDo/Projectsresearch/Mentalhealth">http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/WhatWeDo/Projectsresearch/Mentalhealth</a><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #404040; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-50239811?fbclid=IwAR39E1x3ngMbjoNY7609lfXTXm8ISgnK_AnlfIYrn7nGD3PFnf_3xVa2hj4</span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #404040; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: inherit; line-height: 1.375; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-50239811?fbclid=IwAR1mE4pt21xoo29Jd8um6j1kHh0nYGKcBtLS8HjzDe98_uynsoUxZWnPRaI</span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
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Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 7.5pt; mso-outline-level: 2;">
<span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;"><a href="https://www.mylondon.news/news/west-london-news/family-demand-answers-after-wormwood-15229630">https://www.mylondon.news/news/west-london-news/family-demand-answers-after-wormwood-15229630</a></span><br />
<span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;"><a href="https://www.charterchambers.com/news/release-directed-for-recalled-ipp-prisoner/" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #0066cc; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: underline; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">https://www.charterchambers.com/news/release-directed-for-recalled-ipp-prisoner/</a><b><i><u><sub><sup><strike><br /></strike></sup></sub></u></i></b></span>
<span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;"><i><a href="https://www.charterchambers.com/news/release-directed-for-recalled-ipp-prisoner/">https://www.charterchambers.com/news/release-directed-for-recalled-ipp-prisoner/</a></i><br /><i><a href="https://www.no5.com/media/news/bbc-1-interviews-philip-rule-concerning-ipp-sentences-aired-12th-september/">https://www.no5.com/media/news/bbc-1-interviews-philip-rule-concerning-ipp-sentences-aired-12th-september/</a></i><br /><i><a href="https://gcnchambers.co.uk/imprisonment-for-public-protection-ipp-and-the-continuing-impact-today/">https://gcnchambers.co.uk/imprisonment-for-public-protection-ipp-and-the-continuing-impact-today/</a></i><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span><span style="color: #373151; font-family: "inherit" , serif; font-size: 18.0pt;"></span></div>
</div>
</div>
katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-9231817488358349292019-09-16T14:59:00.000+01:002019-09-16T18:27:10.257+01:00 Those given IPP setence, the shocking Death toll is a National Scandal. <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Below is the figures from the MOJ but looking into the numbers a bit more for
sure that these numbers are said to be inaccurate. The total deaths are 215, with 72 of
those by suicide. </span> </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The news is shocking and I am very concerned as to the figures and how this group of prisoners died i personally feel there needs
to be an independent inquiry. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></h2>
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
One human to another would of surely told another human about the mental heath of a love one <br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">2005:0 2006:2 200:7</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">2008:9 2009:7 210:12</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">2011:14 2012:10 2013:12</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
2014:19 2015:16 2016:11</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
2017:26 2018:22 2019: 1?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Total Deaths 167</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">FOI IPP suicides from the MoJ</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
205:0 2006:2 2007:4</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
2008:4 2009:3 2010:3 </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Total Deaths:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
56</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Total 287</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: "times new roman";"></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
"Demand the government put
lives first"</div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Government who said we have a duty of care but they failed to track mental
health in UK prisons amid soaring deaths and <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>suicide
and self-harm rates, report finds Prison
authorities was urged to address rising rates of suicide and self
harm 'as a matter of urgency? after findings show failure to collect
enough data on inmate’s well being , result unaware of how much
to budget for Mental health or whether it was achieving its
objectives just demonstrates negligent.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<u>70 per cent </u>of prisoners committed suicide between 2012 and 2014 had mental health needs.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
“But
this report in 2017 makes horribly clear there is a below standard,lacking in care and
mental health provision or appropriate referrals not being made facing
unnecessary “disproportionate harm” as a result of the inadequate
care."</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The National Offender Management Service’s funding went down by 13
per cent between 2009-10 and 2016-17 and staff numbers in public prisons
reduced by 30 per cent over the same period.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
When prisons are short-staffed, governors may run restricted
regimes where prisoners spend more of the day in their cells, making it
more challenging for prisoners to access mental health services, the
report states. staffing pressures made it difficult for prison
officers to detect changes in a prisoner’s mental health, and that
officers have not received regular training to understand mental health
conditions and that seems to be a way off yet, though the Ministry plans to provide more training. staff do not have access to
GP records, which means they do not always know if a prisoner has been
diagnosed with a mental illness.The process for transferring prisoners is complex and delays can have a
negative impact on prisoners' mental health and they may be kept in
unsuitable conditions such as segregation units.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
I often feel we are being Mislead https://www.gov.uk/life-in-prison/vulnerable-prisoners.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">“The Government must grip so that the
system and care properly for the minority who really don't need to be there. </span><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The Controversial IPP sentence based on proving risk impossible in a problematic process .</span></b></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">"No
matter how many fixes are implemented, nobody will ever be able to predict with
certainty which prisoners will commit new crimes if released early or late
".</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">IPP sentences were handed down
with the "hope" that the system would manage the rehabilitation of
the individual. We know that idea was completely misfounded. In fact the
opposite has happened to many who remain in the system. They have been
psychologically abused, sometimes arbitrarily moved to worse
circumstances just when things were looking hopeful. The small financial
compensation paid in some cases does not do make up for this.</span></div>
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Rethink Mental illness https://www.rethink.org/advice-and-information/rights-restrictions/police-courts-and-prison/complaints-about-prison/</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Since
the sentence began in 2005 prisoner and the families have been working
tirelessly to bring about change and there has been a slow increase
in statements made by MPs signalling that they support the urgent need
for something to be done.</span></span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> Bishops was aware postdate 2012 of the negligence and injustice after there tariff expired and who was to blame,</span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RN5B8R2_4DE/XX-Phto0-cI/AAAAAAAAcTo/bDndnXjBVhYMaVseO3tXn9JHnDBwqJjuQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/hfghfjfgjgdvsddsfewgehaer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1164" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RN5B8R2_4DE/XX-Phto0-cI/AAAAAAAAcTo/bDndnXjBVhYMaVseO3tXn9JHnDBwqJjuQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1600/hfghfjfgjgdvsddsfewgehaer.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Rehabilitation which means to restore back too self not to damage</span></b></span><br />
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">There has have been numerous publications about it including
the report ‘Never Ending Story’, ‘Unintended Consequences’ &
‘Parole: Reflections’ to name just a few. All have helped to clarify
the failings of this sentence and the distress it causes prisoners and
families. <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">A
report was written in 2008 when the sentence was still being issued, it
clarifies very clearly the mental harm the sentence causes. It also
reveals a fundamental inequality problem which persecutes people with
mental health needs; this fundamental flaw is in the way the risk
calculator works. </span></span>Extracts and relevant Prison
Instruction quotes which point out specific areas which discriminate
against IPPs all the way through their sentence.<br />
<br />
<b>First to quote a report </b><br />
<br />
‘In the Dark’ page 37; it refers to the OASys assessment.<br />
<br />
<div style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<a href="https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;">https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf</span></a><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
Oasys is used to assess offenders needs in ten areas relating to
offending behaviour, each of which is scored during an offender
assessment. These areas are: accommodation; education, training and
employment); financial management; relationships; lifestyle and
associates; drug misuse; alcohol misuse; emotional well being; thinking
and behaviour; and attitudes. If an individual offender’s score in any
of these areas exceeds the set threshold, it is recorded as being a
‘criminogenic need’, which means that it is so significant it must be
specifically addressed in order to reduce their likelihood of
reoffending.<br />
<br />
Significantly more IPP prisoners have a criminogenic, causing or likely to cause
criminal) behaviour need in all 10 need categories than in the total population
or among life prisoners.<br />
<br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<b> Critically important quote:- </b><br />
<br />
IPPs
are being discriminated by the Oasys report because at no point in its
assessment is it balanced against the nature of this sentence. The
prisoner does not know when they will be released if ever, this causes
potentially significant mental harm increasing their scoring in
emotional wellbeing & thinking and behavior.<br />
<br />
In short the report states in its conclusion:-<br />
<br />
At the center of the debates relating to IPP and ‘risk’,<br />
is the hypothesis that the IPP sentence is conflating (blending)
‘dangerousness’ with ‘mental illness’, and that the IPP sentence is an
example of ‘reverse diversion’ where offenders with mental illness are
more likely than others to be detained in prison than diverted away.<br />
<br />
IPP
prisoner over tariff have done all the behavior programs paid there
punitive, punishment) but how do you allow a person with a 2 year
sentence to be 10 years over its a disgraceand no accuse in the world
that can say otherwise. within all those years nothing else was asked
of them prove otherwise. It screams out abuse and that they are held
for there disability's rather than a crime.<br />
<br />
Last year a
total of 380,169 additional days were awarded as punishment and added
to sentences in England & Wales. Any adjudications for an IPP can
be particularly damaging as they can knock them back 2 years at parole
regardless as to whether the punishment warranted extra days or not.
Being knocked back potentially means around another 547 days behind
bars.<br />
<br />
<br />
<b> If and when they they make it out they are still discriminated against.</b><br />
A quote from Prison Instruction 32-2014, page 7 Point 13 Indeterminate-sentence offenders</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
should
not be released from prison until their risk of harm has reduced to a
level where it can be managed safely in the community. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
This
generally means that they will be below the normal entry threshold for
AP residence. Offender managers should be careful to avoid recommending
AP residence to the Parole Board unless there is an overwhelming reason
to.<br />
<ul>
<li>The Prison Instruction makes it clear that the approved premises’
are not meant for an IPP sentenced prisoners but they are being used
quite extensively for them. In many cases they are being used as a
settlement tool, even when family have offered to put them up.</li>
<li> Approved premises have high recall rates, yet for a DPP/IPP
prisoner the risk of recall is even higher as they are unfairly
discriminated against in recall decisions. </li>
</ul>
<b>Prisoners should only be recalled for a crime but not for none crimes.</b><br />
Yet
more often than not when the IPP is clearly struggling with the
pressures of life in the community, for example after the pressure is
building for them to find suitable move on accommodation. IPP prisoners are a 1% risk of committing another crime they are recalled because this little word
‘might’ allows the probation officer to take the decision to recall ‘<b>he or she might </b>’.<br />
<ul>
<li>As many of these prisoners have served significantly long periods in
prison they may have lost a lot of friends in the community. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>It isn’t at all surprising that they may contact people that they know which tend to be prisoners or ex-prisoners. </li>
<li>It is also not at all surprising that some turn to alcohol when
they return to the community, this could well be a coping mechanism for
stress. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Yet more often than not when the IPP is clearly struggling with the
pressures of life in the community, for example after the pressure is
building for them to find suitable move on accommodation, this is the
point at which they are invariably recalled. </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>They exhibit behaviour, or that probation are unawawre of there
aspergerss, desprestion, stress, mental health, learning disablity
that constitutes concern, evne irritability, short temperedness and
perhaps even failing the very low alcohol limit for residency at an AP.
</li>
</ul>
To matters worse there is the ‘Good behaviour condition’ contained
within the standard licence, details contained within Prison instruction
20-201<br />
<ul>
<li>This condition is the most misused of all and it is seriously
harming rehabilitation. Many IPPs ability to recall for:- Many
behaviour changes can be put down to stress, bullying or a consequence
of medication changes implemented by a GP. Any drug prescribed to
control behaviour will have a significant effect on behaviour if its
strength, frequency or doses are altered. </li>
</ul>
The recall license seriously needs to be relaxed reflect needs. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br /></div>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
On Wednesday 28th August we had a meeting with the CEO of the Parole Board Martin Jones.</h2>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
This meeting was cut short however awaiting another meeting to get there prospective on the key issue's </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
"With
us at that meeting was the sister of Wayne Bell, who received a ten years IPP sentence and is over tariff 10 years. His case is so relevant and vital to bring it to there attention. He has never been able to secure release at parole for
the entire twelve years of his incarceration. His mental health slowly
deteriorated, caused by the fear of indeterminacy. His mental state is
now preventing release. Now he is in a hospital and even his family
have been denied the right to see him, even though his father has been
diagnosed with terminal ill. Wayne’s case is a clear example of what
this sentence does to people, reflecting clearly on the points made
within the Sainsbury Centre report. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
</span>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 9pt; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><i></i><br /></span></div>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 9pt; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;">Lobby G:roup: Katherine Gleeson, Jeremy Own, </span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 9pt; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: orange;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 107%;">Ann Horton,</span> Alana Bell</span>.</span></h3>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"> IPP families submitted a document outlining, the main issues as summarised </span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"></span></b><i></i><br /></div>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
Document </h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
We would like to go through some
of the problems that DPP/IPP prisoners face and the causes that generate a
negative influence on both the prisoner and their family. We have divided
up the stages an IPP goes through and refer to specific areas in the process
that cause a detrimental impact and the flaws within the system that
discriminate more against IPPs than the rest of the prison community. We wish
to highlight these areas to you, the representatives of the parole process in
an effort to steer you within your remit to be more aware of what IPPs face and
hopefully in so doing help you balance your decisions respectively. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
We have therefore divided this up
into four categories: - </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">1) Oasys reports </b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
The problems with scoring and
negativity that discriminate against IPPs </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Mental health problems, a report
written eleven years ago and how it identifies the problems we see today.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Mental health of IPP prisoners,
one discussion on Wayne Bell.<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">2) The Prison Environment </b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Disadvantaged and suffering
significant mental harm </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Poor mentoring, easy to
manipulate, why many give up<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">3) Parole </b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Stress of the process </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Why a growing number no-longer
want to take part </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
The change in the process that
has created more worry and distress </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Remaining impartial<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">4) The Approved Premises </b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
An environment where IPPs are
particularly vulnerable and are far more likely to be recalled<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">5)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The threat of recall<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
The disadvantages of being an IPP
on licence<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">6) Deaths </b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Conclusion </b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
The things that need to be done
to help DPP/IPP prisoners complete their journey through the justice system.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Oasys report writing.</b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
A quote from PSO_2205 page 45:- </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
<li>4.1.6 There
is limited evidence about which factors predict the risk of serious harm. When
assessing the risk of further offending, the best predictor of future behaviour
is considered to be past behaviour. This is also a good starting point when
considering the risk of harm.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
This small extract explains the
negative bias within the base of Oasys report writing. It is why all
Oasys reports will focus for the most part and in conclusion, about negative
aspects. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
While it would be true to say
that this is the way the reports are written for all prisoners, the impact on
the assessments are particularly damaging for indeterminate sentenced
prisoners. Those that choose to read these reports can be exposed to some very
harmful emotions, the reports themselves can damage the mental health of the
prisoner because every event that happens within the prison environment will
always carry negative implications within the report. IPPs are in a hostile
environment for a period of time that has been undefined. This in
itself causes harmful effects, yet the issues are considerable and were well
known as far back as 2008.<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
The Sainsbury Centre for Mental
Health wrote a report in 2008 called ‘In the Dark, The mental health
implications of Imprisonment for Public Protection.”</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf">https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf</a></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
This report went into
considerable detail about the problems this sentence had and more importantly
the effects it was having on the mental health of the prisoners all those years
ago when the sentence was still being issued.The report highlighted problems
that are now all too clear, but the problem is: even after all this time the
same problems are still there. They have in some incidences been
addressed but still the problems keep coming up again and again.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Courses. Limited
places, limited availability. For an IPP, getting on a course can
have a detrimental effect on family connections as they frequently have to move
to other prisons. Due to the time periods during parole hearings (18
months or so) a course could be completed early on and then as the next parole
hearing looms into view, a new Oasys suddenly recommends the need for yet
another course to be completed before</div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<b>Release. </b> </div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
There is also
inequality within the ability to access a course - prisoners may be deemed
unsuitable for mental health related issues. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
There have also been incidents
that simply should not be allowed to happen. I can personally recall
an over- tariff IPP being turned down for release because he was physically too
ill to attend a course. He was diagnosed with leukaemia and could
barely get out of bed. Regardless of the reason, his probation
officer repeatedly told him that he would not be released because he wouldn’t
do the course and that the reason for his refusal was irrelevant. He
died from his illness, never securing release. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
This case of Wayne Bell acquired
mental health he had no support going forward. He was being turned down for
release because he was physically too ill to attend a course or a parole
hearing. Wayne Bell is now in St Georges hospital for over a year. He does not
know his father has terminal cancer and has not got long to live. The parole board
started they have no jurisdiction over him while in hospital. The hospital can
hold him up to 99 years which is a further blow to the family. They are
fighting to get him the correct legal people due to capacity. It’s just another
fight they don’t need at an urgent time. This mirrored http://www.justiceforjoe.org.uk/</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Mental health is also a barrier,
and this was picked up on within the Sainsbury
Centre report. It is even more relevant now and so I want to
quote the relevant section to you on page 37:-<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
It refers to the OASys assessment<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Oasys is used to assess offenders
needs in ten areas relating to offending behaviour, each of which is scored
during an offender assessment. These areas are: accommodation; education, training
and employment); financial management; relationships; lifestyle and associates;
drug misuse; alcohol misuse; emotional wellbeing; thinking and behaviour; and
attitudes.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
If an individual offender’s score
in any of these areas exceeds the set threshold, it is recorded as being a
‘criminogenic need’, which means that it is so significant it must be
specifically addressed in order to reduce their likelihood of reoffending.<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Significantly more IPP prisoners
have a criminogenic need in all ten need categories than in the total
population or among life prisoners. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4">
Thinking and behaviour needs are their biggest problem area.
This has been exacerbated by the prison environment and the psychological
damage the sentence is having on the prisoner. This is something the
report also picked up on<a href="https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf">https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf</a><br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
The indeterminate nature of the
IPP sentence seemed to have a significant impact on the emotional wellbeing
and mental health of prisoners. Not having a release date, and not knowing
whether their efforts in prison would have any bearing on the Parole
Board’s considerations, had a forcible impact on prisoners’ mental health.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
A great many prisoners spoke of
the frustration caused by indeterminacy, and many said that they had to manage
the constant ‘not knowing’. This was described by one prisoner as the ‘stress
of helplessness’. Another said:</div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
“I’ve seen this sentence
destroy people, people going off the edge because of what the sentence makes
people do.” For one prisoner the only way to not ‘lose the plot’ was to ‘numb’
himself:”</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Last October at the
conference at The Grange (HMP Hewell), four IPPs made it clear they were
struggling to maintain any real hope of release and their mental health was
suffering as a consequence. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
We have knowledge of an IPP
prisoner who has been in prison on an IPP sentence since he was 17. He is now
26 and some 6 or 7 years’ over-tariff. He already had mental health issues on
coming to prison, and these have recently been re-diagnosed as PTSD, which of
course often is characterised by irrational outbursts of anger. He is now
really struggling mentally, even with medication, in the prison environment and
the uncertainty of the IPP sentence, so for this reason too his behaviour is
not perfect. Although he has never taken drugs or even smoked as a way of
numbing the pain, he has said that his approaching parole hearing will be his last,
as he just cannot face any longer in prison. One way or another, he is going to
give up if he does not get released this time.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
So my point here is to make it
clear that prisoners are being discriminated by the Oasys report because at no
point in its assessment is it balanced against the nature of this
sentence. The prisoner does not know when they will be released if
ever, this causes potentially significant mental harm. IPPs either
allow the trauma to overwhelm them and many have taken their lives, or they
develop coping mechanisms to help release their distress. Some self-harm,
some have been known to use Spice. Many immerse themselves into as much as
possible to prevent the reality from bringing on the fear and despair that
stalks them day after day. It therefore is unfair to judge an IPP
prisoner so harshly when they get into minor skirmishes or trouble whilst
within a hostile environment. But that’s exactly what the Oasys
does. Any adjudication is brought to bear, even brought up in parole
hearings. Negative mandatory drug tests are also pressed against
them even though it’s virtually impossible to avoid inhaling the stuff. Prison
officers are frequently affected by passive inhalation of Spice and passive
inhalation is very likely to cause a positive result in a MDT, despite the
misinformation contained within PSO 3601,8.50 page 11.<br />
<br />
The research
referred to is well out of date. The potential consequences of
a positive MDT affect the IPPs more than anyone as they are held potentially
indefinitely. Every knock back damages them and that is why I would
ask all board members to balance events within the estate with a degree of
understanding. The prisoner’s behaviour within the prison
environment does not represent a true reflection of how they would behave
outside it. Indeed, I would argue that if one of us was to venture
within their environment and act as we do out here, we would not last very
long. Due to the considerable time many of these prisoners have
served over their tariff dates, a considerable amount will have become
institutionalised. The fear of release becomes just as daunting to
them as the fear of never being released.<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Noted in the mental health interim report page2016 page 1</b>,</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">However, mental health problems lie on a spectrum, and most of this new
interest is at one end of the spectrum, with far less attention given to those
at the other end of the spectrum, those with the most severe forms of mental
illness. Yet those with the most severe forms of mental illness have the greatest
needs, and continue to be the most neglected and</i> discriminated against</div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Furthermore, they are also the group who are the most likely to be subject to
the influence and powers of the Mental Health Act (MHA)</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">What can you do?</b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
There can be occasions where the
physical health of a prisoner should outweigh the need for a course to be
completed. After all we are now holding prisoners well into their senior years
and in deteriorating health, so promote a more balanced approach. It is far
more important to get elderly IPPs out of prison, especially if they are in
poor health. On licence they will be able to access better health
provisions and ‘offender related work’ can be done whilst in the community.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Mental health related issues
should not impede the progress of IPPs in obtaining
release. Currently it does and it comes into conflict with equality
rights. OMs should be asked to incorporate risk strategies to
mediate the risk score as soon as it becomes known in the pre-hearing
review. </div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">2)The Prison Environment</b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
I have already touched on the
prison environment and its damaging effects but there are a few more points to
bring up in this area. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
IPP’s are punished more harshly
than any other prisoner type within the estate.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
There were <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">204,715</b> adjudication
outcomes in 2018, up 7%</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
We have a particularly harsh
adjudication system here in England and Wales. Scotland no longer
adds extra time but we do. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Last year a total of <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">380,169</b> additional days were
awarded as punishment and added to sentences</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Adjudications for an IPP are
particularly damaging as they can knock them back at parole regardless as to
whether the punishment warranted extra days or not. Being knocked
back potentially means around another <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">547 </b>days
behind bars. They can do everything they can to avoid getting into
trouble but the longer they are in the more likely they are to get what is
called a nicking. The fear of this does not help keep them focused
on being of good behaviour, instead it causes paranoia based mainly on the
environment they are forced to endure. Anyone who wants to get them
into trouble can and does regularly, as they are frequently in a poor mental
state already. This makes them malleable to those wishing to exploit
them. So they give up on trying to keep squeaky clean and in so
doing resign themselves to the fact that prison is all that is guaranteed
anyway, so why make their life in it harder than it needs to
be. Doing jobs for free Spice, hiding contraband for free canteen. The
little things that make prison life a bit easier, knowing that if someone picks
on you, that you are protected and others will support you. Slowly
you feel safer in prison and the thought of release brings on fear, no support
and no one watching your back when you’re released.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
*Inadequate mentoring</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Prison officers are given 10weeks
at best of rudimentary training, unlike countries like Norway who spend three
years training their officers. How to restrain, how to turn a key,</div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
how to count, how to keep
yourself safe, all important things a prison officer must learn; but how to
rehabilitate, how to support someone experiencing a mental breakdown, how
to instil trust, all fall by the way side. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
IPPs need extra support and that
requires time and effort, time that our officers cannot spare. They
are too busy getting movement underway from wings, supervising the servery,
getting wings locked down and so on. Time to sit down and spend real
time with people that need help with transfers, getting listed onto courses,
getting their medication and help contacting family simply isn’t
there. These are issues vitally important to an IPP prisoner; there
is no default release date. Letting go of all these worries becomes
easier than trying to achieve the things that are needed to comply with
sentence plans. That’s why so many give up and instead focus on the
only life that is guaranteed. Where I am pleased to see a
significant recruitment drive regarding prison officers I am disappointed with
the quality of training given. Many experienced officers have left and
worryingly a large number of new recruits leave every year. This is
in part to significant shortfalls in the quality of the training being
given. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">What can you do?</b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
As the Parole Board and therefore
with little or no influence on prison systems, there is little you can do but
the little you can do still may make a significant difference.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Acknowledge the efforts of the prisoner when it
is due but also acknowledge the harsh reality that they are attempting to do it
in.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Lower your threshold of required engagement with
sentence plans; instead assess whether the prisoner could do such work in the
community? </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ask them whether they are willing to comply with
the strict licence they will be under? </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Critically these are
fundamentally important questions that need to be answered, ensure they have
the opportunity to answer them directly. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
I would advocate a more positive
approach to the possibility that people can adapt in a more therapeutic
environment and behaviour work will be much more beneficial and relevant. We
need to rehabilitate, not institutionalize.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">3) Parole</b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
There are of course three parts
to parole; all will be traumatic for a DPP/IPP prisoner who is desperately
seeking to obtain release. They will have a copy of their Oasys and
they would have already done everything they could do to achieve what has been
asked of them.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
As the day draws closer an
unwelcome report will undoubtedly be shoved under their door. A
newer, revised Oasys. This rarely brings good news, there is always
at least something more negative on it, whether it’s the revelation of a
nicking that they thought wouldn’t show up, or perhaps a detrimental statement
from an officer that has taken a dislike to them. A common update
involves yet more work, another course or a revoking of the support for release
by either the outside offender manager or the one within. The
prospect of another 18 month knock back floods like bleach into their minds,
Oasys reports delivered without support bring about suicidal thoughts and sleepless
nights.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Then the hearing itself, which
usually arrives after days and nights of anxiety. When you look into their
bloodshot eyes, what do you see? During that hearing do you
consider what they have had to endure? Of course not. Your remit is
trimmed to a specific requirement, an independent assessment on risk to the
public. Whilst you may advise the secretary of state on a slightly
wider remit, your primary focus is risk to the community, and whether any
perceived risk can be effectively mitigated. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
But please do not prejudge even
in your mind the person that stands before you. Engage with them as
much as you are permitted to, and be understanding if they seem somewhat
distant. Remember the environment they are in, ask them when they
received the latest copy of their Oasys and confirm the date of the
report. Speak to them as an equal. When you evaluate any evidence be
sure to assess its reliability and where possible be sure to get the prisoner’s
view. Take their evaluation seriously and thank them for it. Don’t
dismiss it lightly; give them the benefit of the doubt. Life in
prison is tough enough.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
For an IPP that is desperate to
do what is needed to obtain release, this parole hearing is more than its name
suggests. It’s another trial to them; they are back in the court
room on trial for crimes they have not committed. In their own mind
they will know whether they consider themselves a threat to society and where
they are certain they are not, the frustration they will feel can be
overwhelming. All they can do to convince you is courses and
do their best to stay out of trouble. If only -some have told me - I
could show them a polygraph, to prove to them I am no danger to anyone. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
After the hearing is arguably the
toughest period for an IPP: will they grant me release, will I get a Cat
D? Days of anguish, maybe questions from family, desperate to know,
desperate to hear some good news that perhaps Dad is coming home at
last. A step forward but wait they must. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
When it arrives it’s rare that
they receive the essential support that they need. In most cases
it’s a letter dumped on their bunk or pushed under their door after bang
up. There in that envelope lies their fate; at the precipice of a
critical high emotional event they are left alone to face the reality of your
decision. A cell bell there may be but it rarely can be pushed
without consequences these days. Help is not something that is
openly given - especially from the night shift.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Whatever the outcome, it brings
on extreme emotions. One recent suicide was an IPP who had been
granted release. As I mentioned before, the longer they are in the
more the uncertainty of how they will cope on the outside will
grow. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
In light of the changes made to
the parole process and the rights of the victims to challenge your decision if
you grant release comes yet another hurdle and potentially a devastating one
for an IPP.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
After receiving your decision,
after telling their friends and family that finally they are coming out, there
is the very real prospect that you could change your mind. This
potentially could push them over the edge. Any challenge to a release
decision needs to be robustly defended, yet the IPP has no legal representative
to help defend it. This is something you do between yourselves. Remember
this is like being on trial all over again for the prisoner and they will be in
a very vulnerable emotional state.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">What can you do?</b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
There is potentially a
considerable amount that you can do in this traumatic period for IPPs.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></div>
<div class="p4">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br /></div>
<div class="p4">
8.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Recognise their struggle, that this is a
potentially extremely emotional time for those still determined to try and
progress within the system. Confirm when they received their copy of
the latest Oasys report.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Always try to involve them as much as you can
during the hearing and engage with them. Give them a clear indication of when
your decision will be made and do your utmost to ensure they are given support
at that critical time, regardless of the decision. I would strongly
suggest that you write a letter to accompany the decision ensuring it is
written in a supportive way. It’s very likely they will have to face
your decision alone and it can cause serious distress.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Before making your decision be more mindful of
the environment they have had to endure and be more focused on giving them a
chance to progress.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Where release is not granted look at the
category, would a cat D help them, even when a move to a cat D is unlikely,
recommending it would still give the prisoner hope that they are at least
making progress. This can help them to find the courage to carry on.<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>When you are forced to look at a parole decision
again, when you know all eyes are watching you and the tabloids are very much
on the victim’s side, it is vital that you remain impartial. Defend
the right to be impartial and whole-heartedly defend your decision where it is
appropriate. Be mindful of the effect of this process on both the
prisoner and the prisoner’s family when a challenge is made. A victim will also
be affected but the views of the victim should not influence an impartial
decision regarding a perception of risk that the prisoner now
represents. Allowing such an influence turns the evaluation of risk
into a means to inflict retribution. Please remain impartial and do
not be swayed by political interference.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">4)The Approved Premises</b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
A quote from PSI 32-2014 approved
premises, page 7:-</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Point 13 Indeterminate-sentence
offenders should not be released from prison until their risk of harm has
reduced to a level where it can be managed safely in the
community. This generally means that they will be below the normal
entry threshold for AP residence. Offender managers should be
careful to avoid recommending AP residence to the Parole Board unless there is
an overwhelming reason to.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
This point is even further
strengthened by point 14</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Determinate-sentence offenders will
be released automatically at a fixed point in their sentences, regardless of
risk. APs are therefore much more likely to be suitable for these
offenders than for those released under indeterminate sentences</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Why then when the PSI makes it
clear that the approved premises is not meant for an IPP sentenced prisoner are
they being used so extensively for them? The answer appears to be
that they are being used as a settlement tool, a place for them to go first in
order to seek more permanent accommodation even when family have offered to put
them up. That however makes curfews more difficult to monitor and
reduces significantly the ability to supervise them effectively - at least that’s
the argument. Yet their perceived risk scores had to be low enough
to be considered for release in the first place. The approved
premises have high recall rates; it is where the prisoner will most likely be
recalled.</div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
9.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
For a DPP/IPP prisoner, the risk of
recall is even higher as they are unfairly discriminated against in the AP.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
A quote from Pi_27-2014 page
19. Point 6.2</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
When making a request to recall
an indeterminate sentence offender on licence, there must be evidence that there
is an increased risk of harm to the public before recall is
agreed. The NPS/YOT must take into account the extent that the
offender’s behaviour presents an increased risk of sexual or violent harm to
others, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">regardless of the type of
index offence for which he or she was originally convicted</b>. Recall to
prison does not depend upon a prosecution and conviction for a fresh offence,
nor whether or not the licensee is to be tried for an offence</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
The importance of perceived
protection of the public has come at the detriment of fairness with DPP/IPP
sentenced prisoners; their index offence should be taken into account,
especially where the index offence warranted only a low minimum
tariff. Sadly, the problem is still further exacerbated by: -</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
6.4 Where the offender
displays violent/sexual behaviour which in itself represents a risk of harm to
the public, the need to recall in order to protect the public is clear and
unambiguous. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">In other cases</b>, the
behaviour may not be of a violent or sexual nature, but does present a
clear <u>causal link</u> to the behaviour exhibited in the index
offence(s). For example, the offender may have resumed substance
abuse or re-established contact with other criminal associates both of which
might be identified as critical risk factors, then invariably recall must be
sought.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
As many of these prisoners have
served significantly long periods in prison, they may have made many friends
during that time and most likely lost a lot of friends in the
community. It isn’t at all surprising then that they may contact
people that they know. It is also not at all surprising that some
turn to drugs or alcohol when they return to the community, this could well be
a coping mechanism for stress.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
IPPs will need support in areas
such as getting benefits sorted, seeking employment and finding suitable
accommodation, all of which the OM needs to be actively involved in. These
are the stress areas; helping them through these areas will give them a good
chance. Many are out of touch with modern technology and sadly do
not get the training they need before they are released so it is vital they get
this upon release. Local adult learning services can help with this
and OMs need to source placements to help IPPs get back up on their feet and
move forward. IPPs, like life sentenced prisoners will suffer with
anxiety and may feel uncomfortable in some environments so it is vital
significant effort is invested in helping them.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Yet more often than not, when the
IPP is clearly struggling with the pressures of life in the community, for
example after the pressure is building for them to find suitable move on
accommodation, this is the point at which they are invariably
recalled. They exhibit behaviour that constitutes concern,
irritability, short temperedness and perhaps even failing the very low alcohol
limit for residency at an AP, that being the legal drive limit.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
There is also another problem
with APs for IPPs. They are vulnerable here to bullying by other
residents. The residence is populated by other ex-prisoners, which creates
a prison-like environment; especially when people are up to no
good. Where drugs are in use there are invariably money-related
issues like borrowing. This can lead to disagreements.<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
10.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Wheresomeone on an IPP sentence is
known to others in the AP, this can be used as a way to control. If
the IPP doesn’t want to loan someone money or hide stash they can be
threatened. Most prisoners know IPPs can be recalled much more
easily than determinate sentence prisoners can. It is easy to
mislead staff at an AP by pretending to pass on information about another
resident, and whether there is any truth to it or not a report will be written
and sent to the relevant OM.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
So here we have a clear
inequality problem which is consistent with the treatment of DPP/IPPs all
through their sentence. Here though at this point is the real
cruncher. They got parole down to hard work and patience yet here
they see all that effort come to nothing when they are sent
back. That’s why many feel they are set up to fail from the beginning.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
The misused Good Behaviour
condition</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Quote from Pi20-2012 Licence
conditions page 5</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
2.4 The
“Good Behaviour” condition (listed in 2.3 as vi) is designed to cover the
majority of eventualities. For example, it can be used to deal with activities
which are thought to be leading to reoffending, associating with other known offenders,
inciting hatred in respect of extremist offenders, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">and any behaviour or incident that might give rise to an increased
risk of serious harm or re-offending.</b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
This is a licence condition that
is used far too frequently especially on DPPs/IPPs. </div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">What can you do?</b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Your remit is clear and the PSI
is of course meant to be followed. What sadly happens, due in part to
the fact that too many offender managers are young and have limited life
experience, is that there is no fair assessment based on the situation in which
the alleged breach of good behaviour has occurred. The Good Behaviour
condition is so broad and ambiguous that it is down to interpretation. It also
unfairly discriminates against IPPs. so please: -</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Promote a tightened remit for the Good Behaviour
Condition; you have seen yourselves at recall reviews the problems of this
condition. A proper assessment should be done before a breach is
made using this condition to ensure there is not undue pressure being placed on
the licensee by another resident, or where the behaviour can be linked to
stress, for example to achieving benefits or housing or where there is evidence
of bullying within the AP, a strategy should be pursued to mitigate the problem. This
could involve recalling the instigator or moving them. Where the
instigator cannot be identified then alternative accommodation should be sorted
for the IPP. Recall should not be an option in cases where
the IPP is being bullied, or there is evidence to suggest it.</div>
<div class="p4" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">5)The Threat of Recall</b></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
I have already touched on the
problems of recall, but it is the threat of recall that is a real handicap to
rehabilitation in the community for IPPs</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Many have been recalled more than
twice and this has a dramatic effect on their confidence in the fairness of
their supervision in the community. While some accept, they were to
blame,</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
many feel let down and unfairly
treated. They resign themselves to the reality as they see it. With
many negative experiences it is not surprising they have a negative outlook on
life.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The facts and figures do not help
either. The Prison Reform Trust’s report: “<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Prison
the facts 2019” states: -</b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i>“There are a further 1,063 people
serving an IPP sentence who are back in prison having been previously
released—a 26% increase in only a year.</i></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i>There are 2,403 yet to be
released as of this summer and 91% (that is 2,198) have served their tariff and
worryingly over 50% of those had a tariff of four years or less. </i><br />
<i><br /></i></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
As already mentioned, many are
spending significant time in Approved Premises and fail to find suitable move-on
accommodation. Sometimes IPPs are bounced around different Approved
Premises over a period of many months before finally ending up being recalled. It
would seem at times a vast amount of pressure is being placed on them to locate
suitable accommodation, a daunting task considering many have spent such a long
time in custody and are out of touch with society. This can push
many back into a depressive and defeatist state of mind. Any wonder
so many are on medication for depression and PTSD?</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Whilst in the hostel it is vital that
there is a net of support around the IPP to help them through the gauntlet of
obstacles in their way. If family ties are still strong, then family
should be invited round regularly and should be allowed into supervision
meetings. This means planning even before release occurs, firstly
identifying if family can be involved with the release plan and that will
involve attempting to locate suitable accommodation near family to enable them
to take a more active part during release. At the AP the IPP should be able to
talk in confidence with their supervising officer; in particular, there should
be more effort to ensure they feel safe within the premises. Where
they are not, no detrimental consequences should affect them where they have
stated they are concerned for their safety. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Seeking medical support within the community</b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The need to seek not just a GP but
in a lot of cases mental health support when released should be a top
priority. However, the IPP should not suffer detrimental effects,
such as increasing risk scores where mental health reports are being viewed by
the OM. The fact that mental health support is being sorted out should
in itself show compliance,</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Addressing issues relating to
mental health can take years to resolve and in many cases they never are
resolved. It is vital that the OM is very mindful of this, it is
better for them to be getting the treatment they need in the community because
they will not get such support in prison. Currently there is too
much emphasis on perceived risk scoring; every last bit of information appears
to be being used to increase the risk scores during the AP stay. The
OMs are requesting almost daily reports, wanting anything that can be
interpreted as negative to be reported. This creates pressure on
hostel staff which can create a bias attitude towards IPPs. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">What can you do?</b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<ul>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Actively encourage OMs to seek
more involvement where possible from family. Discourage the use of Approved
Premises, it should not be necessary. OMs should try harder to locate
accommodation and where possible utilise support from family and mitigate the
risk to the community using suitable licence conditions especially where family
are willing to help.</div>
Mitigate the risk to the
community using suitable licence conditions especially where family are willing
to help.<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span> </li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<ul>
<li>Direct OMs to provide more effort in finding the
support a DPP/IPP prisoner needs within the community<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Request that additional time should be given to
OMs to spend actively helping IPPs to obtain suitable accommodation and where
necessary seek more support through local area provisions, such as charities
and sheltered accommodation. </li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Where the local housing allowance is not enough
to secure a flat and the prisoners’ perceived risk is too high for them to live
in a house share, councils can be approached to provide additional funding
under the discretionary housing payment (DHP). </li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Discourage an over analytical approach on risk
scoring whilst IPPs reside at the AP. Not every event necessarily needs to
affect scoring. AP staff’s focus should be on progressing and
supporting the IPP. MAPPA meetings are there to assess a more
comprehensive assessment of risk, where intelligence can be used to give a more
comprehensive picture. The AP provides a reason to be more tolerant. You know
where they will be at set times, and whereas recall should always remain an
option, it should be an absolute last resort whilst they are at a
hostel. All other options should be tried first and recorded.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Continued delays/over tariff, reports not being completed and recalL</b></i><br />
<i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></i></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Delays or deferrals we can agree
only add to IPP prisoners’ frustration and the sense of not being in control of
their own destiny. There are still knock backs and new targets set. Some IPP
prisoners 6 / 7 years over tariff are only now having PIPE or pc courses being
mentioned. The test for “proving” reduced future risk is impossible, and is a
danger to health.<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i>One lad was recalled by probation for poor behaviour seeing a frien</i>d </b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Tim Bowman from Durham was instructed not to
see his friends by probation, but he was lonely and just wanted to play football.
An estimated figure of 900 recalled if figures are correct and most without
apparent sufficient reason to be recalled. What has been finalised in the last
year in this area?<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">In the mental health interim report page2016 page 1.</b></i><br />
<i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></i></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It states the government remains committed to
making progress on recommendations and legislative change and are confident to
deliver our vision in a way that does not need legislation!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The report has numbers of recommendations not
followed. We feel the reality is the prison estate will need at least 10 years
to make real progress. The Parole Board have duty of care and a need to push
the issues with government for a change as a prisoner’s mental state is
affected and like a prisoner of war, he / she does not know when the war will
end, which makes it worse mentally. The report mentioned is now 2 years old.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i>The Independent Monitoring Board raised their concerns to me by e-mail,
copy if required.</i></b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
They are concerned for those IPP
prisoners held post tariff with no clear idea of release, with hurdles, courses
and moves to therapeutic centres, so that their members have raised the whole
area of IPP to know what questions that they need to be asking of the OMU
departments and the governors of the establishment they monitor. This suggests
all is not transparent or understood, and they want to know who and what to ask
if they want to help and support IPP prisoners better. <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null">Helen.bootman@amib.or.uk</a><br />
<b> </b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i>IPP prisoners’ process and sentence is causing frustration and
suffering. </i></b><br />
<b><i><br /></i></b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
There has been such a huge number
of suicides / deaths that we are seriously concerned there is a flawed process
for safety and health.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Inside Times for prisoners has
taken to asking prisoners for £10.00 each to pay for a human rights lawyer.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i>Quote from an IPP prisoner:</i></b><br />
<b><i><br /></i></b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>“For those of us who have spent up to fifteen
years in prison we have almost reached the point of no return – depending on
age of course, in terms of finding work, starting a family of our own and
establishing a social circle. As for the rest of us, we are already into the
foothills of this whilst it is very wrong for the Parole Board to attempt to
console us by stating ‘more IPPs are being released than ever before’, when
historically they’ve hardly released any of us”. .https://insidetime.org/on-the-ipp-wire-july-2019/.<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i>Example of an IPP prisoner’s experience </i></b><br />
<b><i><br /></i></b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Danny Weatherspoon from Newcastle was sentenced
to serve 15 months 2007. He is now aged 31 with 2 suicide attempts. All his
attempts for parole keep failing and he has been asking what more does he have
to do than what he has already done finally to prove he is not a risk? Courses
handed down by the judge he had done and he has not been informed of anything
else he should do. The failing process has created desperation/mental health issues
so that prisoners want to end their life. This is serious and will continue
while the issues are unresolved. This can only mean they revert to high risk
and so then the vicious circle begins again.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
ttps://www.churchtimes.co.uk/articles/2019/16-august/comment/opinion/prisoners-who-have-to-prove-they-can-be-freed<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Question</b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>What can you give prisoners to prove reduced risk,
apart from the courses?<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Question</b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>What does the Parole Board think about a pilot
project to add independent judge/ magistrate to weigh up the facts at a parole
hearing? If this works to help progress, then this could be rolled out more
widely. </div>
<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: -18pt;">
1</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Question </b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Are the
Parole Board concerned about the sentence affecting mental health through its
processes and causing frustration and suffering?</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
What steps have the Parole Board taken with government in the last couple of
months due to the amount of deaths? Despite all the money being pumped to the
prison estate along with new prison officers the death toll rises.</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Does the Parole Board feel it is time for legislation change, as the death toll
continues to rise and change needs to happen quickly? </div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
We feel the root cause of the
problem for many IPP prisoners in the early part of the sentencing regime was
that the individuals were not being assessed before being labelled as
dangerous, the initial legislation dictating that certain crimes demanded an
IPP sentence, the judges did not have discretion over the idea and thus was
born the problem. IPP sentences were handed down with the "hope" that
the system would manage the rehabilitation of the individual. We know that idea
was completely miss-founded. In fact, the opposite has happened to many who
remain in the system. psychologically abused, sometimes arbitrarily moved to
worse circumstances just when things were looking hopeful. The small financial
compensation paid in some cases does not do make up for this. To all intents
and purposes they are victims.<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
We know that the judges both here
in the UK and at Strasbourg in the European Court of Human Rights have
determined that IPP sentences at a certain point are unethical. But many feel
message that the continued detention of persons under the IPP is a
contravention of human rights. It is quite clear that the justification the
government is making not to alter the status quo is that the parole board are
hearing the necessary cases. However, this does not change the fact that when a
person is in jail on an IPP they are serving a life sentence for crimes that do
not currently attract a life sentence. To the average person this would appear
to be a miscarriage of justice. That is a very serious fact and should be reiterated
to any official at any stage. I think that there should be a standard text read
out at any parole board hearing that states this. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Statement: IPP Prisoner </b></i><br />
<i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></i></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
IPP sentence. 7 ½ years over
tariff. Enhanced status throughout sentence. No adjudications. Holds down a
position of responsibility in workshop. Awaiting parole hearing after 7
deferrals/adjournments (each time due to reports not being completed or witnesses
not turning up.) In the meantime, OM changes four times. OS recommending
release. Prison psychologist recommending release. Independent psychologist
recommending release. Probation recommending open. Outcome: yet another knockback
…… a worthy reason why so many IPPs lose all hope. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">The Parole Board stated to the BBC News in April it was handling IPP
prisoner Wayne Bell’s case.</b></i><br />
<i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></i></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
We are very concerned about Wayne
Bell’s mental state, the fact that he stopped walking and eating. He has
suffered a mental breakdown. He has continued to state he doesn’t want to live
anymore and he is too ill. This has been long standing and as a result he does
not have the mental capacity to go before a parole hearing. He stopped
communicating. His father said there was no justification for being over tariff
that long and his courses were over-</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
subscribed (evidence from state
the same. The amount of years over tariff does not justify sending IPP
prisoners insane and then to their deaths. Speaking with Wayne’s father, this
has all taken a toll on him. He is now terminally ill and has a short time to
live and wants to spend the months he has left with his son). </div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
AMIMB AGM 7 conference 11th
October 2016 on IPP prisoners stated “the serious further offence rate is less
than 0.1%. Wayne who was a kid when he entered never had a chance to date a
girl or have children. </div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Question</b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Can you give them answers? Prisoners continue to
write about the same processing issues, some are no longer with us. We are here
further years on with the same problems and this demonstrates there still is a
large problem.<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Question</b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Do you have an alternative way to communicate
more efficiently and in a timely manner? Does the Parole Board have a separate
data base for administering the process of IPP prisoners full time? If so how
many staff are involved and how do you monitor and deal with them? Who are
“they”? </div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Can the Parole Board tell us who is managing
risk?<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Rehabilitation </b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Give IPP prisoners the
opportunity to attend appropriate accredited programmes to address their
offending behaviour in order to gain release and support with reading if
necessary.<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Question </b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>If the Prison Service cannot provide these
resources, will the Parole Board release prisoners, as they should not be
penalised?</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Those who have not done the courses have no
other way to prove reduced risk for release. Do you agree that a solution
should be created? - otherwise there is no end bar to work towards and the bar
will keep moving? There is no reason to keep a person 10 years beyond their
tariff unless you are holding them for their complex disability which is
discrimination. Rehabilitation means to return someone to a good, health, or
normal life or condition after they have been in prison. Many have mental health
issues <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a said 215 prisoners have come
home in a box.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Post date we asked the parole for an end date and we were told
an end date for prisoners 2018 and for complexed prisoners 2020 s that gave us hope but we are 2 years on from that meeting with approx.
2,402 IPP prisoners not released.<br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Question </b><br />
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<br />
<ul>
<li>Do you have an end date for over
tariff prisoners? </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>If there is no date GPS is the only option or we will have 2000
if not 1500 still inside by 2020.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li> In the Greenfield Tower disaster, we had 74
deaths and that led to a public enquiry. So far we have 174 IPP deaths (but the
true number may be higher, due to the slow process of accessing information).</li>
<li>Does
the Parole Board feel this needs a public inquiry? </li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Does the Parole Board feel this
needs a public inquiry? </b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Update.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is now 2400 approx IPP Prisoners still
detained. Mental health of the prisoners reported 2008 -<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf
.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
There since has been 262 IPP
Prisoner deaths.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One IPP prisoner on
hunger strike. IPP Prisoners Mental break downs and now in Psychiatric hospitals.
This is not rehabilitation, that means to restore. This is effect of torture means
life – including their dignity, health and self-sufficiency – might never fully
recover.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Ask your Solicitors or MP's for an
Independent Inquiry, 2000 if not 1500 will still be inside by 2020 if we don't
act. http://ippfanilycampaign.blogspot.com/</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">The Parole Board and transparency</b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
It important if we are to have
transparency that there should be clear researched figures in areas such as
mental health disabilities published. Families have had to find out from
freedom of information about the numbers of deaths of IPP prisoners and If the
families were made aware the process was causing such mental health problems, they
would have been able to support and assist their family member further.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Question </b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>How is the Parole Board going to address prisoners
and families?</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>In the parole meeting 2016, the growing death
toll of IPP prisoners was not mentioned. Was the Parole Board aware? And if so,
when (if at all) did the Parole Board investigate and take action?</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
15TH February 2019 the new
tagging was introduced to keep the public safe and to give greater peace of
mind. The purpose was to reduce violence and monitor behaviour. IPP are
eligible for the new GPS tagging</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Question </b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Since it was introduced how many IPP prisoners
have been put on this GPS?If none, why not? This would be a great scheme for
those over tariff and considering the deaths they should not have to wait, as
they have served well over their sentence. Whose responsibility is it to give
the GPS? If it is discretional what is the discretion based on? </li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Can you shorten the licence if this has not
already been done, for those with learning differences or mental health
problems, to stop these people being recalled over and over thus affecting
their mental health further and becoming trapped and potentially returning to
prison to their death?</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
What I mean is that in the big
picture judges both here in the UK and at Strasbourg in the European Court of
Human Rights have determined that IPP sentences at a certain point are
unethical. The message needs to be that the continued detention of persons
under the IPP is a contravention of human rights. It is quite clear that the
justification the government is making not to alter the status quo is that the
parole board are hearing the necessary cases. However, this does not change the
fact that when a person is in jail on an IPP they are serving a life sentence
for crimes that do not currently attract a life sentence. To the average person
this would appear to be a miscarriage of justice. That is a very serious fact
and should be reiterated to any official at any stage. I think that there
should be a standard text read out at any Parole Board hearing that states
this. I will put this idea to the law firms that I am in communication with.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Whilst I accept that the IPP
sentence law is not the fault of the Parole Board and that the Parole Board has
previously spoken out about this law – for example, Nick Hardwick, the former
CEO of the Parole Board - it still remains the fact that the Parole Board holds
the ultimate decision and hence the responsibility for the situation that
thousands of IPP prisoners are remaining years over tariff; alongside the
practice of Offender Managers / Supervisors and psychologists and their input
at parole hearings.<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Parole Board may pride itself
on the very negligible rate of reoffending of prisoners that they have released
but the issue here today is not about the prisoners to whom they have given the
decision of release. It is about the thousands of IPP prisoners that they continue
to detain which is extremely detrimental, having resulted in the massive
suicide of prisoners. The mental and psychological torture of the IPP prisoner,
the absolute mental decline and total loss of hope and the self-harming of
prisoners often results in an understandably destructive type of behaviour
which takes up time and resources within the prison and contributes further to
the already overcrowding of prisons and the extreme anguish suffered not just
by the prisoners but the family and friends of such prisoners. </div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
The practice, issues and
concerns that we would like to raise with the Parole Board from our direct
insight and experience of the dealings of an IPP prisoner are as follows:</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
“It is absurd that a defunct
prison scheme can keep prisoners in jail beyond their original terms” . Ref:
Kenneth Clarke who managed to abolish the IPP law<br />
<br />
Every Parole Board Panel member
we want to have specific training, knowledge and insight into the history of
the IPP law and the effect that this law has had on IPP prisoners. </div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>More so with the new recruitment of Parole
Board Panel members so they have full awareness of the detrimental effect of
this law and any prolonged imprisonment.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Such training should include testimonies from
people who have suffered from this law or from relatives or friends who
have lost somebody that has died / committed suicide because of this law. </div>
</li>
<li><div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Statistics should be presented on the self-harm
and suicide rates amongst this category of prisoners following prolonged
imprisonment so that each Parole Board Panel member has the increased
self-awareness and insight into its direct effects.</div>
</li>
<li><div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Coroners’ Inquests have already reported that
the effects of this IPP law significantly contributed to the suicide of such
prisoners.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Parole Board Panel members
should also have the full awareness that this law was passed on prisoners by
default for who it was not the intention for which is well documented and that
they should re-train their thinking and the labelling of such prisoners when
categorised “as the most violent of prisoners” and therefore not to have any
primary subconscious bias influencing their decision making</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The Parole Board as I understand
acts as judiciary court: as such, judicial conduct and compliance should
incorporate the following: -</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Judicial independence is a
prerequisite to the rule of law and a fundamental guarantee of a fair trial. A
judge shall therefore uphold and exemplify judicial independence in both its
individual and institutional aspects.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
1. Impartiality
is essential to the proper discharge of the judicial office. It applies not
only to the decision itself but also to the process by which the decision is
made.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
2.
Integrity is essential to the proper discharge of the judicial office.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
3.
Propriety, and the appearance of propriety, are essential to the performance of
all of the activities of the judge.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
4.
Ensuring equality of treatment to all before the courts is essential to the due
performance of the judicial office.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
5.
Competence and diligence are prerequisites to the due performance of judicial
office. (Ref</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.supremecourt.uk/about/judicial-conduct-and-complaints.html">https://www.supremecourt.uk/about/judicial-conduct-and-complaints.html</a>)</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Question</b></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "symbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>How much does the Parole Board actually uphold
the above principles in ensuring impartiality, integrity, propriety, equality,
competence and diligence? For example: -</div>
</li>
<li><div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Impartiality</b> - does the Parole Board already
have a pre-bias with the very fact that they are dealing with an IPP prisoner,
since it appears that any mention of an IPP prisoner will always happen to
include the statement that they are “the most violent of offenders” when
defence is made by authorities about this law or decision making is challenged,
despite it already being established that this is not the case, as this law was
passed on thousands of prisoners for whom it was not intended? </div>
</li>
<li><div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
What are your statistics for having
released determinate prisoners early who had committed similar index
offences, yet these IPP prisoners have already served their tariff and then
their sentence is just being prolonged, resulting in what could be an
equivalent of an extended 20-year sentence if they are already 10 years over
tariff, based on the principle that usually a determinate prisoner may be
released having served just half their sentence?</div>
</li>
<li><div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
If I’m correct and IPP prisoners
are a 1% risk of committing another crime, then why are they a perceived risk?
“High risk” is put into documents putting them all in the same bracket which
affects the prisoner’s mental state. How can we change this?<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
There is nothing at all that can
justify such countless prisoners being for example 10 years over tariff,
because this alone reinforces the fact that prolonged imprisonment is not
serving any purpose whatsoever and it is actually barbaric. It is the direct
decision making and ineffective action of the Parole Board we feel has allowed
this. Having endured prolonged imprisonment, the risk of reoffending can
only be seen as a perceived risk and not an actual risk as stated, especially
so when being in prison in such a false environment does not permit risk to be
assessed with any level of accuracy. Everyone in prison can be a perceived risk
and we cannot tar everyone with the same brush. This assessment of risk angers
IPP prisoners.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Prisoners have a risk assessment
and this is filled out when entering prison.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Probation fill out another risk assessment near end of sentence.
However, the two risk assessments are the same paper written the same way. How
can this paper reflect a prisoner’s change? Often their assessment is completed
by the ever-changing probation who don’t know them and have little training
filling in the risk assessment. Thus it can be open to a misleading
interpretation of the questions.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
We attended a conference held by
the Church of England (Date October 16th 2018 HMP Hewell)</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
They were people from a variety
of backgrounds there, as well as Faith Geary (Parole Board). In one of the rooms
along with a judge there were representatives from the probation service.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One of their complaints was that the risk
assessment questions did not deviate from the prisoner’s first risk assessment
which was completed on the prisoner when entering prison and ten years on the
prisoner was given the same risk assessment with the same questions: no deviations
or options even if he or she had changed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
She further stated she had only
2-weeks’ training and others ones just a week training to understand the risk
assessment and she still didn’t understand the terminology. She had to Google
the meaning of the words. She stated what was needed was longer training and
wording to be made easier to understand. </div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Question </b></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
If probation feel that something
is not working such as the mentioned risk assessments wording, probation
officers don’t necessarily report everything to their manager. Why not have <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Survey
to support “what works and <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>what does not
work. staff can fill out independently and send without going through managers. <span style="color: black;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: black;"><b>Question </b></span></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Do you think one or two weeks is
enough training and what can be done to change this? </div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I find this alarming, and to make things worse
they felt they did not have enough experience of the prisoner to know whether
or not he was a perceived risk. They had little idea of what the IPP sentence
meant or where to find the information. Another thought all IPPs were sex
offenders and were a danger because she read this in government documentation.<br />
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Hlk18938008"></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;"></span></div>
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">Questions </span></b><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">Surely the risk assessment must have a diffrent writern option to relect change in a prisoner,rather than giving probation no option but to fill in the same from completed on a prisoner when he first entered prison? </span></li>
</ul>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" name="_Hlk18938008"></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;"></span></div>
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">Does
the risk assessment need updating to reflect change in a prisoner? </span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">Does
the risk assessment continually penalise those that are vulnerable, such as
those with complex disabilities, as the assessor has no option but to fill in
the option perceived risk despite being over tariff? Can we see a risk
assessment document?</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">Why
can’t the parole board have a yearly anonymous survey from management, for
example, for probation staff that they must fill in independently on which
options are working or failing?</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Offender
Managers’ / Supervisors reports </b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Questions</b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">As
a prisoner applies for parole the available evidence on him is handed into the
Parole Board. Does the inmate get a copy in time to defend and argue his corner
and submit a response? </span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">Most
importantly: are vulnerable prisoners and / or those with disabilities or
literacy issues supported in a timely manner and how much extra help do they
get for the disability (reasonable adjustments under the law).</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Parole
Board stated that inmates did not have to do the courses but is there a
contradiction?</b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Questions</b><span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">
</span></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">And
exactly how impartial is the Parole Board in their thinking in the management
of risk? Are you governed by HMPPS who seem to be compulsive about “courses”
that have to be completed and Offending Behaviour Programmes?</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">Propriety
and integrity - How much propriety does the Parole Board really have? Are you
really acting independently?</span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">Can
you give us an End date for IPP prisoners over tariff? Previously in 2016 we
were told 2018, and 2020 for complex prisoners </span></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">We
hope as an independent Parole Board you do not allow yourself selves to be
influenced by public pressure such as your recent publication of Guidance for
Parole Board members on the consideration of allegations which have been made
against a prisoner in the John Worboys case (this report needs to be directly
challenged but that is a separate issue!). </span></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">I
think you may agree the current processes in the IPP sentence are fundamentally
flawed: this is illustrated specifically in the situation of IPP prisoners,
resulting in them being years over tariff. </span></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Equality
of treatment to all </b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Hlk18938008;">We
do not think the Parole Board gives the IPP prisoner a fair parole hearing or
ensures equality, talking of the current practice and processes of the parole.
The current Parole Board processes are inherently flawed and need to be
addressed and if the Parole Board</span> is independent then address the
issues and <b>be</b> independent, setting your own standards and challenging the
government in the legislation or the practice of other professions that may hinder
this. If the Parole Board is to make the ultimate decision in deciding if an
IPP prisoner is safe to be released, then the Parole Board should be absolute
in being proactive to ensure that by the time of the parole hearing then all
standards have been achieved in order for them to make this decision. This is
definitely not happening!</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Questions </b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>What are your thoughts on a pilot
project for IPP prisoners? </b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
To support prisoners going
forward to add a judge or retired judge to sit on the parole panel. If the
pilot project speeds up the process safely this could be rolled out to the
prison estate. </div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
How much are the Parole Board
challenging or validating the reports submitted by Probation Officers also
known as Offender Managers / Supervisors and psychologists?</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
How proactive is the Parole Board
in reviewing and evaluating their own practice? And how often is this done?</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Is there a process to identify
flaws in reports and ensure that satisfactory impartial reports are
submitted to them on a timely basis? </div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Processes of the Parole Board
that need to be addressed:</b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I understand that the current Parole
Board process is usually that when a prisoner is in their parole window the Parole
Board process starts with an expectation that it takes 6 months for the
organisation and preparation for the actual Parole Board hearing. In this
6 months, reports are prepared by the witnesses and the prisoner, then a Parole
Board hearing will take place of which the average approximate time of a parole
hearing would be about 2 to 3 hours giving the opportunity for all to have a
say.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is now established that victims
of a crime can have an input for the parole hearing by giving statements or
being interviewed by the Parole Board panel prior to the hearing regards their
concerns of any release conditions. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I will challenge the above
current process in relation to an IPP prisoner, in the name of Impartiality,
Propriety and Integrity, Equality, Competence and Diligence. </div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
An IPP prisoner may have waited 2
years for a Parole Hearing. In reference to Steven Trudgill a Coroner’s
inquest highlighted that in the prevention of future deaths there are other
potentially vulnerable prisoners who are still on IPPs within the prison
system at significant risk of continuing self-harm after serving their
tariff since they find themselves in a system where the parole hearings that
provide the only means by which they could be released are infrequent only
occurring two or three years. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Even though the Parole Board may say
that the next application for parole should be in 12 months or 18 months, this
is only for the START of the process, so the reality of the wait is rarely less
than 2 years. This is unacceptable.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Additionally, there is a current
case where a prisoner has been waiting 10 months since he received his parole
dossier and STILL has not got a hearing date. This is apparently because there
are not enough members of the board available with psychiatric qualifications.
This situation is bound to affect more and more IPP prisoners, due to the high
incidence of mental health issues.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Question</b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
What steps is the Board taking to
ensure that sufficient provision is made for ALL prisoners to have a prompt
hearing, especially given the length of time they already have to wait between
hearings.</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
And let’s look at the case of <i>Tomy Nicol </i>whereby it is reported that he died after
almost six years in prison. Tommy was transferred to HMP The Mount after
spending time at HMP Erlestoke following a Parole Board review of his sentence
in June 2015. The review concluded that Tommy should do further ‘motivational
and psychological’ work before release. Tommy expressed frustration about this
decision, and about not being able to do the required programmes ahead of the
review. </div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The next Parole Board review was
not due until February 2017, nearly two years later. Therefore, the hope
and expectation that a prisoner will hold for a pending parole hearing would be
exceptional and then having their hopes completely dashed again would be torture,
especially maybe having to wait for another 2 years for another chance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I understand that the Parole Board do not actually
set the time of the next parole hearing, and it is set by HMPPS and that they
can’t give the actual directions as to what needs to be done.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Questions </b></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
The Parole Board come up with a
suggestion as to why a prisoner should remain incarcerated but can’t give any
timescale or in fact actually direct when or what they think they should
specifically have to do to “make them safe” to be released by the next parole hearing.
Why?</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Can the Parole Board challenge
the logic of the process that can only be causing delays, mental health
problems and further deaths?</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
A life can be seriously and
disastrously affected by the very extremeness of imprisonment and civil
liberties taken away by the power that the Parole Board has been given - especially
in the cases of IPPs - extending the sentence after the tariff has been served,
often this can be based on loose broad suggestions and no time scale. This
brings the integrity of the Parole Board into question when taking on such a
powerful position but only being allowed to do half a job; bringing the whole
process into question with the prisoner who is then then left to languish in
prison for an indefinite time of up to another possible 2 years until the next
parole hearing. In light of the above cases any preparation for a parole
hearing should be paramount, particularly so for an IPP. I can understand Tommy
Nichol when he expressed his frustration about his decision and not being able
to do the required programmes ahead of the review, I can only imagine how
sickening it must be to hear this, having served his time. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Those with mental health the family
are unaware if their son daughter has adequate representation before the
hearings and not being prepared is another knock back of 2 years. Those who are
vulnerable need extra support than those without a disability. Mental health
comes under a IC10 such they need reasonable adjustments and are the prisoners
aware of this? including people with a mental illness such as schizophrenia,
dyspraxia, ADHD bipolar disorder or depression. To insure there is no barriers
are getting the right support. This should also include planning ahead to agree
arrangements in case they become unwell and support should be reviewed
regularly.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
https://www.choiceforum.org/docs/noms.pdf</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
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<b>Questions </b></div>
<ul>
<li>Did the Parole Board panel ever
directly ask Tommy himself what his thoughts were as to what would make him
safe to be released, what support he perceived he would need upon release or
indeed had such as family or friends?</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>It is up to the prisoner to prove
they are not a risk. Can the Parole Board give them the tools to do so? And
make this clear to IPP inmates how perceived risk can come to an end.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Why do IPPs over tariff have to
wait for a parole hearing after all the time they have had in prison doing
nothing then go through suggestions to do “motivational and psychological” work
again? None of the above suicides should ever have happened!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The reasoning that is given to hold a
prisoner for potentially another 2 years to do nonspecific “so called
motivational and psychological work” </li>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
IPPs are over tariff and in the most
demotivating environment possible, whereby the Offender Managers then forget about
them and the Offender Supervisors only see them sporadically and then it is
left for these probation services to put their own interpretation on this. And
let’s look at the case of Charlotte Nokes, when once again the
Parole Board came up with the same suggestion of TC and psychological
support after having served her tariff, thus prolonging her imprisonment, and
so Charlotte became another statistic of suicide. We feel the Parole Board need
to gather the evidence as to what the personal results are following their
suggestions such as doing the so called motivational and psychological work
resulting being incarcerated in prison for another potential 2 years, and how
it actually affects the prisoner - because if they did, they would soon gather
that it is having nothing but a very negative detrimental effect.</div>
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<b>Questions </b></div>
<ul>
<li>Are lessons ever going to be
learnt by the Parole Board following the deaths and suicides and self-harm
so far following the prolonging of prison or do they still believe that this
will reduce the risk of reoffending making them safer to be released? </li>
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<li>The judicial review of Mordecei v
Parole Board 4 years ago found the Parole Board to have acted irrationally. The
Parole Board’s decision was criticised for placing too much reliance on an old
psychologist’s report and Judge Elizabeth Cooke also considered the way in
which the Parole Board had viewed the Claimant’s attempts at suicide. She
stated that ‘the level of suicidal tendency among prisoners serving IPP is
high. The reasons for that are obvious. If a Parole Board panel is to regard
that very tendency as a reason not to transfer them to open conditions, the
panel must take great care to explain why it takes that view”. Has any of
this been taken on board since?</li>
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Any organisation of integrity
should be monitoring and evaluating the effects of their decision making. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Question </b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b> </b>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Please could you provide your
statistics / evaluations monitoring the decisions of not approving release and
the consequent effects of these decisions with the qualitative evaluation of
how the prisoner’s behaviour changed, as an evaluation on how effective your
suggestions and decision making and practice are. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is what every good organisation with
integrity should do. </div>
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
<div class="p4">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Mention"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Smart Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hashtag"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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EVERY EFFORT AND THINKING SHOULD
BE DIRECTED TOWARDS GETTING THESE PRISONERS OUT OF PRISON AND REHABILITATED AND
INTEGRATED BACK INTO SOCIETY AND REPAIR THE DAMAGE ALREADY DONE. </div>
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<br /></div>
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Any “motivational psychological
work” can be achieved and supervised in the community, and also any counselling
services for the psychological trauma that such prisoners have experienced
following their prolonged imprisonment can be accessed in the community, making
them safe to be released because of their “so called perceived risk”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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We feel the Parole Board is
making ineffective decisions and that they can change their practice.
Nothing can justify all these prisoners being years over tariff, which is proof
in itself that it is ineffective. IPP prisoners are coming home in in a wooden
box and will continue to do so until we act</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The following is a statement is
by an IPP prisoner (now released) about the mental health issues caused by the
IPP sentence: -</div>
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<br />
“I received an IPP sentence for armed robbery and I received a
4-and-a-half-year tariff and served 10 and a half years before they released
me.</div>
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The IPP sentence was born in
order to protect the public from people who may cause life threatening
circumstances. But the sentence itself I believe has put the public in more
danger than before it was introduced.</div>
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<br /></div>
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For myself and for the crime I
committed I would say the sentence maybe justified. But the problem I have seen
as an IPP orderly and an induction orderly in various prisons up and down the
country is at the beginning April 2005 the judges, the probation service and
the prison authorities didn’t understand the sentence. </div>
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And they were giving out IPP
sentences for crimes that didn’t warrant the sentence. Which meant the prison
service were not ready or prepared for the amount of IPPs they received. So IPP
sentenced prisoners could not access the courses they had to do to reduce their
risk.</div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now the problem with this is that many IPP
sentenced prisoners are not really villains and therefore they don’t have mind
set to deal with an IPP sentence. </div>
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<br /></div>
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So because they didn’t have
mind-set to deal with the sentence they became very frustrated, angry,
depressed which sometimes led them to have outbursts. Then on top of that when
IPPs received an adjudication for any matter at all, the adjudications were
held against us and we were told that we are not lowering our risk. And so IPPs
were knocked back at parole hearings.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And so once again IPPs became frustrated,
angry, depressed which sometimes led to outbursts. So it was a never ending
circle and IPPs could not get released. </div>
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And here’s the problem the
criminal justice system does not understand that the IPP SENTENCE is causing
IPPs serious psychological problems which are sometimes to blame for their
misbehaviour the extra sanctions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<br /></div>
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When a person receives an IPP it
has a devastating effect on the IPP’s mental and psychological wellbeing. And
so provisions should have been put in place to teach and explain to IPPs how to
deal with the sentence to stop them from becoming mentally and psychologically
damaged. Because once IPP becomes mentally and psychologically damaged they are
no longer responsible for their actions.</div>
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And therefore the IPP sentence is
now danger of creating the risk of monsters. Because now many IPPs have lost
their families, their children and their friends, and so have nothing left to
live for.</div>
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Which is why you hearing now that
thousands of IPPs say they don’t want to go home because they have nothing to
go out to. What IPP sentence has done is institutionalise prisoners. And one
more thing before I sign off. The IPP was brought in to prevent prisoners from
causing life threatening circumstances to the public. But some IPP prisoners
have adjudications against them, which are held against them at their parole
hearings. Which are not life threatening in the least. So why are they held
against us?”</div>
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<br /></div>
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<b>Questions </b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>How are the parole board ensuring
that the reports by Offender Supervisors and Managers and psychologists are
submitted on a timely basis?</li>
</ul>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Do they have a standardised
preformat on establishing how often and when the Offender Supervisors /
Managers have actually met the prisoner?</li>
</ul>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is known that the Offender Managers barely
know the prisoner, having had very little contact throughout their
imprisonment, especially so when probation officers are reallocated to cases
only making contact just prior to the parole hearing, then submitting very
significant reports as to whether or not to recommend release and making
judgements on the prisoner from one meeting producing reports which can be seen
as unreliable if a probation officer barely knows the prisoner. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Questions</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>Does the Parole Board ever question when a
probation officer presents a psychologist’s formulation of which I have established
that such a formulation is made when the psychologist had never met the
prisoner, and has no background history; but then formulates a theory and
recommendation which goes against all principles of the British Society of
Psychologists in the concept of a formulation? Is their opinion then influenced
by it? If so, this brings into question the diligence and competence of the
Parole Board in accepting such information when they should be directly
challenging such practice.</li>
</ul>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Does the Parole Board question
the type of recommendations that are made by psychologists and probation
officers such as Offending Behaviour courses or Therapeutic Community as a
reason to be detained further despite the amount of time prisoners have already
been in prison, having served their tariff and longer? Does the Parole Board
keep their independence and impartiality in actually questioning the
effectiveness of such courses or are they again being partial and influenced by
the propaganda that HMPPS may present regards these courses, but with even
HMPPS now recognising that such courses are not a necessity?</li>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The Parole Board should
particularly note the words of Sam Gyimah when undersecretary 3 years ago in a
copy of a letter that I had sent from him to my local MP when he states that: -</div>
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<br /></div>
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“It is important to remember that
it is not mandatory for Indeterminate Sentence Prisoners to complete accredited
offending behaviour programmes in order to achieve release. Accredited
offending behaviour programmes are only one of the interventions available to
help reduce prisoner's risks.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Other
options may include work and employment; education and training; one to one
work with psychologists or Offender Supervisors; or non-accredited offending
behaviour programmes. It should also be borne in mind that completion of
an accredited programme is no guarantee that risk has been reduced" </div>
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This is also echoed even prior to
that by Dr Jo Bailey, the lead psychologist for the operations directorate of
the former National Offender Management Service. She had the foresight to
emphasise that “participation in offending behaviour management courses is
neither necessary nor sufficient to achieve release”.</div>
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<br /></div>
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She explains that the Prison
Service uses seven so-called pathways to reduce re-offending as a basis for
sentence planning targets of individuals: (i) accommodation, (ii) education,
training, employment, (iii) mental and physical health, (iv) drug and alcohol
misuse, (v) finance, benefit and debt, (vi) children and families of offenders
and (vii) attitudes, thinking and behaviour. Those involved in the risk
assessment and management of offenders are to apply a holistic approach through
the pathways model, as a means of achieving and demonstrating a reduction in
the risk of re-offending. </div>
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<br /></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<b>Questions </b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Does the Parole Board take into
consideration in their decision-making that upon release a prisoner will need
the stability of an income just to ensure the very basics in life to afford
food and pay for heating and visit probation/bus fare, a base that they can
call home, support from family members or other support networks such as
groups, structure in their life such as a job to go to or again a support
group, rehabilitation services in support of any drug or alcohol issues,
counselling services or community psychiatric services such as a community
psychiatric nurse should they have known mental health problems or social
worker to address any social issues such as housing or commissioning<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>day-care, carers etc and so on for which
there are ample resourceful services e.g Nacro, Mind, Samaritans, Shelter, Job
coaches to help gain employment alongside numerous other not for profit
organisations as well as the NHS and Local Authorities which should be the
factors which support the decision-making of the Parole Board in risk
assessment.</li>
</ul>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Is it not the duty of the Parole
Board to ensure that in any reports that they have received by probation
officers all these factors have been explored and provisionally organised for
release - such as by a check list by the time of the parole hearing - in order
to make a fair decision and not just having suggestions by probation services
or psychologists such as Offending Behaviour courses.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And let us once again question the so called
Offending Behaviour courses or Therapeutic Communities by which the Parole
Board will keep a prisoner detained further. It is a very disruptive process to
get on to one of these with usually a change of prison and a long waiting list
only to be told that they are not suitable for it.</li>
</ul>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Does the Parole Board check how
effective these Offending Behaviour type courses are with their own independent
qualitative research whereby a prisoner can honestly answer without fear of
repercussions from their probation officers, especially In light of the sex
offender courses found not to be working and in fact going on them making
things worse? </li>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
We are all aware that SOTP got
abandoned, as research showed that it actually increased reoffending, but then
it was replaced with a similar type course. And I seriously have to question
the whole concept of a Therapeutic Community whereby it is intended for those
who have had traumatic earlier life experiences to have to expose this in front
of other prisoners, alongside sharing your crimes, and then to be challenged by
each other. This can result in being voted out of the Therapeutic Community,
thus experiencing further rejection, and if not then being expected to live in
harmony together. This could (re)traumatise the most grounded of us, so if I
can question this, why is the Parole Board not doing so, and why does the
Parole Board want to detain a prisoner further for this despite the fact that
they have served their tariff. </div>
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<br /></div>
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This was one of the programmes
that the Parole Board suggested alongside psychology services that never
happened in the case of Charlotte Nokes - who then went on to commit suicide.
Every effort and thinking should be to get these prisoners out of prison,
supported and integrated back into society, by which any so called risk will be
minimised. </div>
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<br /></div>
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The Parole Board should be
writing out with a standardised form to Probation services at the very minimum
1 year before and make it their priority to actually check that that any so
called sentence plan which is SMART (the very fundamentals of any type of
planning is that it is Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Timely)
based on the above seven principles plus learning basic IT skills in
preparation for this now very technological world that we live in is in action
and that plans are being made in preparation for release, so that all is
achieved by the time of the parole hearing: not to just to wait until 6 months
before when a person is in their parole hearing window, whereby the prisoner
has just been left to languish in prison in the meantime. </div>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Question </b></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Tommy Nichol was quite right at
being frustrated about his decision, and not being able to do the required
programmes ahead of the review. What can the Parole Board do in order to get
the justice department to recognise this?! </li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
When a prisoner is being
detained, having served their tariff, with all civil liberties being taken away
from them while they are in a very adverse environment, prolonging it does not
help to reduce any so-called risk. Far too many parole hearings have been
deferred because nothing was actually organised or achieved by the time of the
hearing. Therefore, in the name of justice I see it is as the duty of the
Parole Board to be proactive, competent and diligent and have the propriety to
ensure that all has been prepared and achieved by the time of the parole
hearing and not just to wait until 6 months to start the process for
reports to be submitted. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>2 years on: What current actions
have been taken to resolve this? IPP prisoners are giving up hope and these
unnecessary delays are disturbing, as the death toll is rising. </li>
</ul>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Do the Parole Board question
whether they are giving these IPP prisoners a fair hearing; even
recognising themselves that fairness may be particularly difficult to achieve,
as panel hearings do not have the safeguards that are present in criminal
proceedings (as stated from their report published regarding how to deal with
allegations made against a prisoner). (above we suggested a pilot project
adding a judge)</li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Reports are submitted from
Offender Managers who as well noted often barely see the<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>prisoner when inside, who fail to set and
implement any sort of measurable sentence plan, who fail to engage with
prisoner's friends or family members, who are seen as biased and fail to
complete assessments on prisoners and are more than willing to take on board
any allegation as fact without any objectivity, who submit reports based on
their conversations with psychologists when psychologists have not even met the
prisoner and then do not even show the prisoner such reports. Despite all this
the Parole Board never seem to question the validity of the reports by
probation officers or psychologists. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Question </b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li>Do you feel changes can be made
to prevent preconception?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Should each
report or assessment by an Offender Manager, psychologist or other professional
be confidential from each other so as not just to agree and go along with each
other? </li>
</ul>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
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<span style="color: orange;"><b><span class="elementor-drop-cap"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter">L</span></span>ast Friday (30 August 2019), the probation inspectorate published the third in its <a href="https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprobation/research/academic-insights/">new series of specially commissioned research papers</a> aimed at exploring the evidence base underpinning probation practice. </b></span><br />
<br />
Authored
by Dr. Peter Raynor, a former probation officer, now Emeritus Research
Professor in Criminology at Swansea University this <a href="https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprobation/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2019/08/Academic-Insights-Raynor.pdf">paper focuses on supervision skills for probation practitioners</a>. <br />
<h3>
Supervision skills</h3>
Peter
Raynor starts by reviewing the evidence base which seems clear: when
probation staff are trained in core skills, the people they supervise
and less likely to re-offend.<br />
The encouraging findings from
research on skills and ‘core correctional practices’ have led to a
number of initiatives designed either to implement successful training
programmes on a wider scale or to advance staff development by adapting
the approaches used in research. In England and Wales, the National
Offender Management Service (as it was then) developed a scheme to train
staff in interviewing skills: the SEED programme (Skills for Effective
Engagement and Development, later expanded to SEEDS by the addition of a
focus on staff supervision). The staff training was welcomed by
participants who were very positive about the focus on skills although
there has not been a formal evaluation of the programme yet.<br />
<h3>
Skills, personal attributes and values</h3>
Raynor
makes the point that when we talk about ‘using’ skills, this does not
usually mean selecting a skill from a behavioural repertoire like
selecting the right spanner from a toolbox. What we are really talking
about is skilled interviewing and interaction, and this is related to
personal attributes and aptitudes. Some people intuitively and
spontaneously engage and influence with or without training, but most
people can benefit from being more aware of what they are doing in their
professional roles, how they impact on others, and what options they
have for making their contacts more productive. Analysing recorded
interviews with an experienced colleague seems to be one effective way
to do this.<br />
Training makes it more likely that people will choose
a helpful approach, and for some people this will become something they
do without having to think about it. People show natural variations in
aptitude but most people can improve. Not everyone will improve to the
same extent or maintain the improvement successfully, and some people
might improve from a low starting point without reaching a level at
which they can be consistently effective, but the message from research
is that on average, training initiatives have led to real improvements
and have enabled people to exercise a positive influence leading to
reduced offending.<br />
As well as personal attributes, people have
values and personal commitments to what they want to achieve. These will
not always coincide: some people have well developed skills of
engagement and influence and use them for anti-social purposes, like
confidence tricksters, card sharps and doorstep fraudsters. Readers will
easily think of other examples in the public eye. Others have prosocial
goals but lack the interpersonal awareness or skills to be as helpful
as they want to be. Effective practitioners need skills as well as
values and commitment, and now we know more than we used to about the
relevance and impact of skills.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section><br />
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4">
of skills.</div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
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<br />
<figure class="wp-caption"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox="default" href="http://www.russellwebster.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/defendant-in-court.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a><figcaption class="widget-image-caption wp-caption-text"><h3 style="text-align: left;">
Conclusion</h3>
</figcaption></figure></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section><br />
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<span class="elementor-drop-cap"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter">R</span></span>aynor
concludes that research give us good reasons to expect that an
investment in practitioner skills could, if well managed, have a
significant positive effect on the effectiveness of probation services.
The research shows that staff who consistently use a wider range of
skills, with high levels of both relationship skills and structuring
skills, usually help the people they supervise to achieve, on average,
lower reconviction rates. In addition, practitioners can be trained to
improve the range and level of skills they use in their individual
supervision of service users. When practitioners’ views are reported
they show that after initial anxieties, attention to skills is usually
welcomed. The advantages are clear: improving the effectiveness of staff
who are already employed and paid looks like a cost-effective strategy.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
However,
it also presents challenges to organisations: this type of staff
development, which requires staff to take what often feels like a risk
by exposing their practice to scrutiny, needs an environment in which
staff feel safe, valued and supported by trusted management. It is
likely to work best in organisations which are well informed about
effective practice and committed to its development, and with
practitioners who are resourceful, well informed and creative. There is
also evidence that improved skills are more likely to be maintained and
used when staff have access to regular supervision by experienced
colleagues who have a good understanding of practice skills.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Initiatives
and experiments need to be set up in a way which lends itself to
evaluation (for example, with appropriate comparison groups and adequate
recording of data) so that impacts can be identified and measured.
Unfortunately, attention to evaluability has sometimes been missing in
probation initiatives in England and Wales, and this means that learning
opportunities are lost. In addition, a focus on practitioners’ skills
suggests a shift away from managerialist top-down approaches which rely
on the elaboration of guidance and procedural requirements. Instead, a
full implementation of what we now know about skills would put the
trained, skilled and resourceful front-line practitioner where she/he
belongs, at the centre of evidence-based effective practice.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<i>Thanks to Andy Aitchison for kind permission to use his images</i></div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<span style="color: orange;"><br /></span>
</div>
<h1 class="mn_content__title">
<span style="color: orange;">
<a href="https://twnews.co.uk/gb-news/trapped-scotswood-prisoner-danny-weatherson-gets-support-from-ex-con-turned-youtube-activist-as-he-fights-prison-release" style="color: inherit !important;">'Trapped' Scotswood prisoner Danny Weatherson gets support from ex-con turned YouTube activist as he fights prison release</a></span>
</h1>
<div class="p4">
Banged up Danny Weatherson has won support from an ex-con turned campaigner helping to fight his prison release.</div>
<div class="p4">
Left
to “rot in jail” Danny is among the thousands caught up in the
controversial Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentences, which
came into force for England and Wales in 2005 but was axed in 2012.</div>
<div class="p4">
Originally a judge recommended he serve just over 15 months for two attempted robberies before he could apply for parole.</div>
<div class="p4">
But the devastated <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/all-about/scotswood" target="_blank">Scotswood</a> lad is still behind bars.</div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
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<figure class="in-article-image" data-mod="image" itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="outer">
<div class="mod-image">
<img alt="Danny Weatherson, 30, of Scotswood, Newcastle, pictured after being released from prison after 11 years 9 months, before going back inside." content="https://i2-prod.chroniclelive.co.uk/incoming/article15753376.ece/ALTERNATES/s615b/0_Danny-Weatherson-28-of-Scotswood-Newcastle-pictured-after-being-released-from-prison-after-11-ye.jpg" src="https://i2-prod.chroniclelive.co.uk/incoming/article15753376.ece/ALTERNATES/s615b/0_Danny-Weatherson-28-of-Scotswood-Newcastle-pictured-after-being-released-from-prison-after-11-ye.jpg" /> </div>
</div>
<figcaption> <span class="caption" itemprop="description">Danny
Weatherson, 30, of Scotswood, Newcastle, pictured after being released
from prison after 11 years 9 months, before going back inside.</span> <span class="credit" itemprop="author"> (Image: Newcastle Chronicle)</span> </figcaption> </figure><br />
<div class="p4">
And
after repeatedly being turned down to be release, the 31-year-old will
once again stand in front of a Parole Board in October when he hopes his
nightmare will end.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4">
Now he and his family, lead by dad Maurice Stevens, have teamed up with digital activist and <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/all-about/youtube" target="_blank">YouTuber </a>Pepsi Watson, who is a former IPP prisoner himself, as they fight for justice.</div>
<div class="p4">
“I
am campaigning for Danny because I believe this case to be one of the
worst miscarriages of justice I have ever seen in my entire life. I am
also from the North East too, I was born in Ashington so I have a
special fondness for Danny and his family,” said Pepsi, who now lives in
Brixton, south London.</div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
“I
am helping Danny’s father Maurice by being in very close contact,
giving emotional support and legal support weekly. I have helped Maurice
and Danny with changing his legal team and Danny now has a specialist
human rights solicitor advocate.</div>
<div class="p4">
“I hope that Danny will be re
released by the Parole Board at his hearing in October. If he is not
released then his case will be escalated to the High Court and then
Strasbourg if need be.”</div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<br />
<br />
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<figure class="in-article-image" data-mod="image" itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="outer">
<div class="mod-image">
<img alt=""Trapped" prisoner Danny Weatherson, of Scotswood, Newcastle, who is on a PPI prison sentence. Pictured digital activist Pepsi Watson at Speakers' Corner in London" content="https://i2-prod.chroniclelive.co.uk/incoming/article16791298.ece/ALTERNATES/s615b/0_Trapped-prisoner-Danny-Weatherson-of-Scotswood-Newcastle-who-is-on-a-PPI-prison-sentence.jpg" src="https://i2-prod.chroniclelive.co.uk/incoming/article16791298.ece/ALTERNATES/s615b/0_Trapped-prisoner-Danny-Weatherson-of-Scotswood-Newcastle-who-is-on-a-PPI-prison-sentence.jpg" /> </div>
</div>
<figcaption> <span class="caption" itemprop="description">"Trapped"
prisoner Danny Weatherson, of Scotswood, Newcastle, who is on a PPI
prison sentence. Pictured digital activist Pepsi Watson at Speakers'
Corner in London</span> <span class="credit" itemprop="author"> (Image: Pepsi Watson)</span> </figcaption> </figure><br />
<div class="p4">
Danny
was just a teenager when a judge recommended he served just over 15
months for an attempted robbery of a coat and also an attempted robbery
of a mobile phone before he could apply for parole - but it took 11
years and nine months for him to be released - only to be flung back
inside.</div>
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4">
He got out on July 3, 2017, and was told to spend three
months in a hostel in Leeds before being allowed to return to home soil
in Newcastle.</div>
<div class="p4">
Frustrated over not being with his family, without
benefits and miles away from home, his dad says it is understood Danny
was knocked over but would not co-operate with police.</div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<br />
And only weeks later, he was recalled to prison.<br />
<div class="p4">
</div>
<div class="p4">
Maurice, of <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/all-about/throckley" target="_blank">Throckley</a>, <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/all-about/newcastle-upon-tyne" target="_blank">Newcastle,</a>
said: “It is barbaric that Danny is still in prison. We are constantly
worried about his mental state, he’s tried to commit suicide and he is
in a dark place.</div>
<div class="p4">
“He had his parole knocked back again earlier this year and he now has another parole hearing in two months time.</div>
<div class="p4">
<br /></div>
<br />
<br />
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<figure class="in-article-image" data-mod="image" itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> </figure><figure class="in-article-image" data-mod="image" itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><div class="outer">
<div class="mod-image">
<img alt="Danny Weatherson, 28, of Scotswood, Newcastle, pictured after being released from prison after 11 years 9 months. Pictured with dad Maurice Steven, 45." content="https://i2-prod.chroniclelive.co.uk/incoming/article15753407.ece/ALTERNATES/s615b/0_Danny-Weatherson-28-of-Scotswood-Newcastle-pictured-after-being-released-from-prison-after-11-ye.jpg" src="https://i2-prod.chroniclelive.co.uk/incoming/article15753407.ece/ALTERNATES/s615b/0_Danny-Weatherson-28-of-Scotswood-Newcastle-pictured-after-being-released-from-prison-after-11-ye.jpg" /> </div>
</div>
</figure><figure class="in-article-image" data-mod="image" itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject">
</figure><figure class="in-article-image" data-mod="image" itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><figcaption> <span class="caption" itemprop="description">Danny
Weatherson, 28, of Scotswood, Newcastle, pictured after being released
from prison after 11 years 9 months. Pictured with dad Maurice Steven,
45.</span> <span class="credit" itemprop="author"> (Image: Newcastle Chronicle)</span> </figcaption></figure><figure class="in-article-image" data-mod="image" itemprop="image" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> </figure><br />
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
“We have Pepsi on board now and he is fighting for Danny’s release. He is giving us the support we need right now.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
“Danny
has now taken ill and he has blood clots on both lungs. He’s on
medication and I’m worried that if he doesn’t get released in October he
will come out of prison in a wooden box.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
“He’s
been punished enough. He’s now in HMP Northumberland so we hope, when
he is released, that he will be put in a hostel in Newcastle near his
family,” added dad-of-12 Maurice, 47.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Open University Criminology
and Psychology undergraduate Pepsi knows what it is like to be locked
behind bars on an IPP sentence.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
“I have been campaigning for IPPs
in the community now for 12 months and prior to that while in custody I
was helping many IPPs with legal work in custody since as far back as
2008,” said Pepsi.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
The 37-year-old received an IPP sentence in 2006 for robbery for
stealing £200 with a knife from a cafe while addicted to drugs and
homeless. His tariff was one year 10 months but served five years and
was released in 2011. Pepsi was free for five-and-a-half years until his
relationship with his girlfriend broke down and he relapsed and failed
two drug tests. Probation recalled him into HMP Winchester where he was
for two years then re-released in August 2018.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Danny featured in Pepsi’s campaign speech at Speakers’ Corner in London.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
Pepsi
added: “I asked Maurice and Danny’s family to join me at Speakers’
Corner because I was there fighting for Danny and to raise awareness of
his plight and with Danny’s family there it fired me up and gave me lots
more motivation.<br />
<br />
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
“I have met Danny and I will be visiting him
again before his parole hearing. I email Danny regularly and support
Danny as much as I can. I believe in Danny and believe he should not be
in custody and believe that when he is released he can and will build
the happy and successful life he deserves.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
“Danny has great
potential, wants to help others and mentor youngsters and I will help
him with his plans once released. Danny is not a threat to anyone and
should not be in prison.”</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
After Danny returned to jail in 2017, Maurice asked strangers to send cards of support to his son.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
ChronicleLive readers sent him dozens of cards which gave him the mental strength to get through.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
We also told Danny’s plight of how his time inside has been in high security prisons including <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/all-about/hmp-northumberland-1?service=responsive" target="_blank">HMP Northumberland</a>, HMP Moorlands in Doncaster, HMP Armley in Leeds, <a data-content-type="section-topic" data-link-tracking="InArticle|Link" href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/all-about/hmp-frankland" target="_blank">HMP Frankland</a> in Durham and HMP Hull.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
He
had taken to self-harm to get him through dark days, but Danny’s family
revealed the Parole Board said he could be moved to a category D open
prison.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
However, just weeks later, he was told the prison that
had been chosen was changed and Danny tried to kill himself as his hopes
were shattered.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
At the time his solicitor, Shirley Noble, said
he was being kept inside as he “poses a risk to himself” and uses the
self-harming mechanism to release the pain he suffers emotionally.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
And his dad used his son’s attempted suicide to highlight the IPP
sentences, intended to protect the public against criminals whose crimes
were not serious enough to merit a normal life sentence, but who were
regarded as too dangerous to be released when the term of their original
sentence had expired.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Danny, who had been in trouble for a
string on minor crimes before being jailed, was among those who feel
they have been left to rot behind bars.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
Ministry
of Justice data shows there were 2,598 IPP prisoners still behind bars
as at September 30, 2018, a decrease of 57% since the 2012 peak of
6,080. And 129 were released during June to September.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
The authorities admit the IPP sentence was widely criticised and “used far more widely than intended”.</div>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
And
this is why it was replaced with a new regime of tough, determinate
sentences, alongside life sentences for the most serious offenders.<br />
<br />
<br />
……...………………...…...……………………………...</div>
<h3 class="publication-font" data-mod="grid">
</h3>
<h3 class="p4" style="text-align: left;">
Former
Justice Secretary Elizabeth Truss said on IPP sentencing: </h3>
<div class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
“We need to
be realistic that these prisoners
that have long served their minimum term and have for years been committed to proving safe for release.“ And that they are a number one priority. But it seems unjust that someone
sentenced in 2010 can remain in prison for years when - if sentenced
today - they might have an automatic release date. </div>
<div class="p4">
“That’s why
it’s important we tackle the over due backlog of these cases that are waiting for
a Parole Board hearing that is never ending. </div>
<div class="p4">
<br />
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/aug/14/liz-truss-get-grip-backlog-prisoners-held-beyond-interdeminate-sentence-ipp</div>
<div class="p4">
...……………………………………………………………………… <br />
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div class="p4">
<span style="color: orange;"><b><span style="color: orange;"><span class="s1"><i>New Justice Secretary concurs with the old and calls for ‘smart’</i></span><i> sentencing, gives his thoughts on improving prison officer training, IPPs and his plan to complete a prison Parkrun</i></span></b></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="color: orange;"><b><i>Once a judge</i></b></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br /></div>
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
Given
his staunchly vocal support for new Prime Minister Boris Johnson during
his election campaign, I had a hunch that the new man in charge of the
Ministry of Justice would be Robert Buckland MP. He was made Lord
Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice on 24 July. Before he
became Prisons Minister last May he’d served as Solicitor General.
Buckland practised as a barrister in Wales from 1992 to 2010,
specialising in criminal law. He was appointed a Recorder in 2009,
sitting as a part-time Judge in the Crown Court and became a QC when he
was appointed Solicitor General in 2014. When we met at his office in
MoJ headquarters in London’s Petty France he was still serving out his
last few days as Prisons Minister.</div>
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i>End to short sentences?</i></b></div>
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
The
first thing I wanted to know was whether he concurred with his
predecessor that short prison sentences should all but be abolished? Did
he think it might mean we were becoming ‘soft’ on crime? “No, it’s not
about that. It should be about being smart. I think the ‘tough, soft’
language is redundant. We should talk about being smart. Having said
that, you know that my experience was as a sentencer as well – having
sat as a judge. When Brian Leveson retired (Sir Brian Leveson, former
President of the Queen’s Bench Division) he was asked about this, and I
tend to agree with Sir Brian in that I don’t think judges want to use
short-term sentences because they know the evidence is that reoffending
rates are far too high – because the prisons have no time with which to
work with offenders who are on short sentences. But, there are going to
be occasions – lets say you’ve got repeated breaches and the breaches
are proven and also they are committing further offences, judges are
left with very little alternative. In those circumstances you still need
the option of custody in my view. So rather than abolition, my view is
that we look at it through the other end of the telescope. And what we
acknowledge freely is that the range and quality of community sentences
have not been as robust as they probably should be. So working with the
Department of Health and other departments in government, what I want to
see is stronger and more robust mental health treatment requirements,
drug requirements and alcohol requirements. To really work with
offenders on the causes of their offending. In very many cases there
will be an addiction issue. So what we need to do is address the
addiction. Because if you address the root cause, then you’re solving
the problem. And that’s smart justice.”</div>
<div class="p1">
<b><i><br /></i></b></div>
<div class="p1">
<b><i>Deaths in prison</i></b></div>
<div class="p1">
<b><i><br /></i></b></div>
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
The
most recent Prisons Inspectorate report described the rates of suicide
and self-harm in our prisons ‘a scandal’. What does he plan on doing to
bring the rates down? “Well first of all, one death in those
circumstances is too many. It is something that I am deeply concerned
about. I get a large number of recommendations each year about the
various tragedies that happen. So what we are doing now is bringing them
together. We’ve got a lot of information that we need to look at in a
thematic way, rather than individual cases”. Does he speak to Juliet
Lyon, Chair of the Independent Advisory Panel on Deaths in Custody
(IAP)? “I do. I speak to Juliet regularly. She was here in my office
only last week.” I understand, I say, that people who cause harm and
distress often have to go to prison, even prisoners generally agree on
that. But while they are inside they have a right to be safe. “Well
exactly. The custody is the punishment. Everything else that flows from
that should be about rehabilitation. And it should be about purposeful
activity and the sort of pathway that frankly means the prisoner that we
release is somebody who is going to be less likely to reoffend. There
is a lot of good work going on with training with regard to the ACCT.
(To help identify and care for prisoners at risk of suicide or
self-harm, the Prison Service uses a care planning system called ACCT
-Assessment, Care in Custody, and Teamwork). We have got ten prisons who
are testing the improvements to that now. So I’m taking a great
interest in how that is progressing. Its moving away from obsessing with
process to looking at the individual. And getting the agencies to work
around the individual, rather than expecting the individual to slot into
the process. We are f<span class="s1">ailing society when we are not</span> reducing the victims of crime”</div>
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i>Unlocking potential</i></b></div>
<b><i></i></b><br />
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><br /></i></b></div>
<b><i>
</i></b>
<br />
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
We
then discussed the merits of the Unlocked Graduates programme. Like his
predecessor, he is a confirmed supporter. But isn’t it time, I
suggested, that regular prison officers are given the status of serious
professional officers by introducing a more substantial training
programme for new officers? Currently the training time for new officers
is around eight weeks, whereas in Norway the training lasts for three
years, to degree level with a heavy emphasis on social work. That’s why I
suggest further that Norway has one of the lowest reoffending rates in
Europe as opposed to ours, which is among the highest. “I think it’s a
very interesting model. Obviously the scale that they have is different
from ours. (With a population of 4m, Norway has around 4,000 people in
prison). But I think there are parallels. What I would say is I think
that I want to get a balance here. Obviously I take your point about
skilling up and equipping up. I want to enhance the professionalisation,
not just of prison officers but also probation officers – because
they’re even more forgotten. Prison officers are forgotten public
servants and I think probation officers are too.”</div>
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i>Jailcraft</i></b></div>
<b><i></i></b><br />
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><br /></i></b></div>
<b><i>
</i></b>
<br />
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
The
public are rarely given insights into the work of prison officers, I
say. “Exactly. Many probably think of MacKay and Fletcher in ‘Porridge’
(1970s sit-com set in fictional Slade prison) instead of the modern work
they have to do, the sophisticated range of skills they have to have. I
wouldn’t want a system whereby we were delaying the entry and progress
of getting prison officers into the service because of a degree
requirement. But opening up those opportunities in work I think could
really benefit, so that there is a career progression path – a sense
that prison officers who want to progress through the system have goals
to aim for, so that we are enhancing and increasing their sense of
‘jailcraft.’” It has to be that prison officers who feel good about what
they do, the more likely that they will have a more positive impact on
the people they are in charge of? “We call it jailcraft. And I get the
concept of jailcraft, it’s something that is a skill prison officers
demonstrate every day. It’s awful that we have too many incidences of
violence against prison officers. It’s unacceptable. But I tell you, I
think they do so much work to avert many of the problems from developing
and of course so much support.” But you did lose many experienced
officers after the budget cuts over the last few years and many of the
new young officers have struggled through the lack of guidance and
support experienced officers were able to give. “I think with
inexperienced officers it does bring challenges. I would say this – I
think having a new cohort in also helps create a fresh outlook. And
that’s not necessarily a bad thing. I found that in the Unlocked
Graduate scheme you get this sort of freshness, which I think is
welcome. It injects even more energy into the system. I think that is a
good thing for fellow officers and also for prisoners.”</div>
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i>IPPs</i></b></div>
<b><i></i></b><br />
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><br /></i></b></div>
<b><i>
</i></b>
<br />
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
Has
he been into his local prison, Erlestoke? “I’ve not been into Erlestoke
yet. I was in Bullingdon the other day, which is one of my locals, some
of the cluster in Buckinghamshire – then I was over in Leyhill and
Eastwood Park, Exeter, Dartmoor. I’ve been up to Manchester, so I’m
getting around.” I then asked him about the thorny issue of IPPs. Isn’t
it wrong that so many who are serving this redundant sentence are stuck
in limbo years after their minimum term has expired? Are there any plans
for IPPs? “For those cases, and there are a number of them, I’ve also
got a number of IPPers who are in, and rightly so. I’ve got two and a
half thousand now, that’s reduced from five, six thousand only a few
years ago, I’ve got another thousand on recall. So my view is this, what
we have to do is work within the system to actually make sure that,
frankly, prisoners who should be applying (for parole) are applying, and
are in a better position to make those applications – either for
recategorization within the estate, or release. Because there is no
doubt in my mind that I’ve seen a number of IPPs who have gone down to
‘D’ and they’re not coping that well – back into the secure estate and
they’re bouncing around. I understand, I get the frustration. On the
other hand there are a number of prisoners on IPP who nowadays would
probably have had an Extended Determinate Sentence (EDS), which may well
mean a longer period inside, or might have had a Discretionary Life
Sentence for example. My difficulty is if I start chopping and changing
the law for this cohort, I’m worried about the unintended consequences
that that might mean for the <span class="s1">system, because as a principle</span> we don’t legislate retrospectively when it comes to crim<span class="s1">inal sentencing. Because if you</span> start doing that, you’re inter<span class="s2">fering with the judicial process, </span>you’re really allowing the Executive to put it’s own view in substitution to that of the judiciary. And I think there<span class="s1">fore we have to be very careful.” </span></div>
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
<span class="s1"><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i>Embarrassing</i></b></div>
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><br /></i></b></div>
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
But
it is embarrassing surely that we have people in prison on a sentence
that has been abolished and that the European Court of Human Rights
ruled was ‘unlawful’ over six years ago? “I was on the Bill Committee
that abolished IPPs, you know I’ve worked with the system, and
represented prisoners who have had IPPs. I always thought it was a
bizarre concept. It was proved to be bizarre, unreliable – not just for
the prisoners, but also the victims, because there was no fixed release
date – no concept for eligibility for parole at a particular date, which
actually would be better for victims to come to terms with. What we
couldn’t do, as a matter of principle, was suddenly then just apply
retrospectively [different sentences], because as a concept that does
create problems down the line. So what else could be done for IPPs?
Could the test for parole be changed? Again we have to be very careful
about that, because if we change the test, what about the test for other
types of prisoners? This is not something that is straightforward or
curable with a stroke of a pen I’m afraid. So what we have to do is
redouble our efforts. I am thinking about it a lot. My thinking is that
if people are given support that is needed to ensure they get through
the drugs problem or whatever it might be that is preventing their
eligibility for parole, then that’s what we need to be doing.”</div>
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i>Parkrunning</i></b></div>
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i><br /></i></b></div>
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
A keen runner, Buckland re<span class="s1">cently took part in the increasingly</span>
popular fitness craze of Parkrun which took place in his constituency
of Swindon. The activity is spreading throughout the prison system. Does
he have any plans to perhaps join in a prison <span class="s1">Parkrun? “I’d love to,” he says.</span>
“We were thinking about doing it this month, but various things have
intervened.” That would be one way of showing your commitment to
improving the system, I say. “That is the plan and my private office is
going to come and run with me because I’ve quite a few keen runners in <span class="s1">my private office, so we’ll come</span> together, though I’ll slow them down, because I’m built for comfort not for speed.”</div>
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
We’ll
have to wait and see if he makes it now he’s been promoted to the top
justice job. I hope he does. It would be a powerful demonstration of his
commitment to change the negative culture that has pervaded our
prison’s wings and landings.</div>
<div class="p2" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Justice Secretary Buckland’s ‘Keeping Safe’ message</b></div>
<div class="p1" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="p3" style="text-align: justify;">
I
am really concerned about the rise in the levels of self-harm in recent
years and the number of self-inflicted deaths in our prisons, and the
Ministry of Justice and Her Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service are
working hard to address this. We are currently updating the ACCT process
to ensure that anyone on an open ACCT gets the individualised care they
need from all of the relevant teams across the prison. We are also
increasing opportunities for friends and family to be involved in this
care. We are rolling out a keyworker programme, which means that you
will have a particular prison officer who will meet with you 1:1
regularly, and provide you with information and support. This could give
you an opportunity to talk through things that are concerning you, so
your keyworker can help to find a solution. We are currently partnered
with the Samaritans, who deliver the Listeners scheme, and they are
testing new ways to support anyone in prison following a serious
incident. There is still much to do, however, and we will continue to
prioritise improving safety. If you have been affected by any of the
topics covered in this interview, speak to a member of staff, a Listener
or call the Samaritans.</div>
<div class="p3">
<br /></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="background-color: orange;"><span style="color: orange;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: black;"><b>An independent monitoring board report of HMP Isle of Wight – has identified 8 areas of
recent improvement, but a number of concerns have been raised about the
prison.</b></span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"><b> </b></span>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
In their report, the IMB acknowledges and welcomes improvements in a
number of significant areas affecting the daily life of prisoners. The
report, which has been released today (Friday), covers 1st January –
31st December 2018.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The 29-page document highlights the following improvements:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• An increase in the frequency of Equalities meetings in the last quarter of 2018</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• A substantial decrease in Indeterminate sentence for Public Protection (IPP) prisoners</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• Improved communication through ‘You said’ and ‘What we did’ notifications</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• An improvement and continuity developments to the complaints process</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• The development and commitment to key working</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• Significant improvements in the managing of the Segregation and Reintegration Unit (SARU)</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• Improved performance in Reception</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• Team working between Psychology and Mental Health</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The positive improvements within the establishment are demonstrated
by the numbers of staff nominated, runners up and winners of the Prison
Officer of the Year and Long Term High Security awards.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
However, a number of concerns have been identified by the Board. Concerns include:</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• The lack of a toenail cutting service for elderly and disabled prisoners</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• Access to the prison library for disabled prisoners</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• The need for more employment which is of a meaningful nature to ensure
prisoners achieve usable skills demonstrated by qualifications for
eventual release</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• The rising number of applications with regard to prisoners’ property, which creates anxiety and frustration</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• Availability of appropriate and professional mental health awareness
training for staff particularly in view of the number of new officers
joining the service</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• Prisoners with special needs e.g. ASD are not identified</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• Lack of training for ‘Buddies’</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• A lack of ownership of the prisoner support plans limited reviews undertaken</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• Insufficient adequate safeguarding training not planned until middle 2019</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• No agreed MOU in place regarding Social Care with the local council (still in draft from 2015)</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• Over the last year there have been numerous wing closures at weekends,
which affect access to the Gym for workers. For example, in Parkhurst
in October/November 2018 there were closures on 4 out of 5 consecutive
weekends this particularly disadvantages working prisoners, which was
raised in the boards annual report in 2017</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• The laundry had experienced significant problems over a lengthy period
of time which resulted in laundry being sent elsewhere to be processed
or not being washed at the regulation temperature</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
• Lack of funding to improve the visitors area in Albany</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The report reveals that a total of 92 cells are out of action at
Albany prison due to a serious fire in 2015. This has led to 202
complaints in 2018 about overcrowded cells, something which should be
resolved following the restoration of House Block 15 in 2019.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Chair Linda Johnson has said:</div>
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“To improve the overall safety of prisoners with complex
needs, (CSIP) was introduced towards the end of the year. This was
urgently required as there was a significant increase of 26% self harm
incidents during 2018.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“The Board continues to be concerned regarding the prison’s elderly
and disabled prisoners, who are disadvantaged due to the age and
structure of the establishment, together with the lack of funding for
much-needed alterations to provide an appropriate physical environment”.</div>
</blockquote>
<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Statistics</b></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
HMP Isle of Wight is a category B male training prison with an
average population of approximately 1,080 prisoners. Over 50% of the
prisoners are over 50, with 96 prisoners aged between 70 – 91. Over 98%
are sex offenders with 101 serving life sentences, 61 with an
Indeterminate sentence for Public Protection (IPP); the remainder are
determinate sentences, mostly of 4 years or more together, with a few
remand prisoners from the local Isle of Wight Courts.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The average age of prisoners at HMP IOW is now over 50 years, which
accounts for over 50% of the population (43% in 2017) – 1 of the
prisoners is aged in their 90s. This figure is said to be significantly
affected by convictions for historic sex offences.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
There were a total of 9 deaths in HMP IOW in 2018, 7 natural deaths and 2 suspected self-inflicted.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Figures show that in 2018 there was a 13.5% increase in staff
assaults (65 v 59) and prisoner on prisoner assaults rose from 122 to
124. Furthermore, between 2017 and 2018 there was an increase in self
harm incidents of 26% – from 535 to 656 – but that increase is
significantly less than the 88% rise between 2016 and 2017.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
There were 33 prisoners due for release in 2018; 21 were released
from the gates of HMP Isle of Wight, 2 were sent for deportation from
the Island and 10 were transferred out for local release.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i>The Prison Act 1952 requires every prison to be monitored by an
independent Board appointed by the Secretary of State from members of
the community in which the prison or centre is situated.</i></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i>To enable the Board to carry out these duties effectively, its
members have right of access to every prisoner and every part of the
prison and also to the prison’s records.</i></div>
<br />
<br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
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<span style="color: orange;"><i><b><span style="color: orange;">This
Transforming Rehabilitation Resource Pack is continuously updated with
key policy announcements, results, inspections etc. TR started in 2014,
the CRC contracts were cut short in July 2018 and offender management
was returned to the National Probation Service in May 2019.</span></b> </i></span><br />
<br />
<ul>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<h3>
Origins</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span class="elementor-drop-cap"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter">T</span></span>ransforming Rehabilitation was the MoJ’s project for the biggest overhaul of probation since its origins in 1907. <span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">The
MoJ published the original consultation paper: “Transforming
Rehabilitation: A revolution in the way we manage offenders” in January
2013 before setting out a </span><a href="https://consult.justice.gov.uk/digital-communications/transforming-rehabilitation" style="background-color: white; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">strategy</a><span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;"> in May of that year, describing the key components of TR as:</span></div>
<ul style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li style="font-size: 16px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
A
new public sector National Probation Service will be created, working
to protect the public and building upon the expertise and
professionalism which are already in place.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li style="font-size: 16px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
For
the first time in recent history, every offender released from custody
will receive statutory supervision and rehabilitation in the community.
We are legislating to extend this statutory supervision and
rehabilitation to all 50,000 of the most prolific group of offenders –
those sentenced to less than 12 months in custody.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li style="font-size: 16px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
A
nationwide ‘through the prison gate’ resettlement service will be put
in place, meaning most offenders are given continuous support by one
provider from custody into the community. We will support this by
ensuring that most offenders are held in a prison designated to their
area for at least three months before release.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li style="font-size: 16px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
The
market will be opened up to a diverse range of new rehabilitation
providers, so that we get the best out of the public, voluntary and
private sectors, at the local as well as national level.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li style="font-size: 16px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
New
payment incentives for market providers to focus relentlessly on
reforming offenders will be introduced, giving providers flexibility to
do what works and freedom from bureaucracy, but only paying them in full
for real reductions in reoffending.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
As a result the
probation service was split into the National Probation Service which
serviced the courts and supervised all high risk offenders and 21 new,
private Community Rehabilitation Companies who supervised medium and low
risk offenders. The new providers started work in February 2015.</div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Problems</h3>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
You
can see a full timeline below which details a number of critical
reports; the final blow was probably the Chief Inspector of Probation,
Dame Glenys Stacey’s annual report published in December 2017 which
concluded that:</div>
<ul><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
TR was not working.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
The Community Rehabilitation Companies in particular were under-funded.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Any probation system which does not guarantee consistency in offender manager-offender relationships is unlikely to work</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Any model which abandons specialist interventions for offenders which have been proved to be effective is flawed.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
</ul>
<h3 style="font-style: normal; text-align: justify; text-transform: none;">
Acknowledgement of problems</h3>
<span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">Justice Secretary David Gauke</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;"> </span><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/endtr/" style="background-color: white; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">acknowledged these failings</a><span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;"> on
27 July 2018 and announced major changes including the cutting short by
14 months of the CRC contracts and a re-modeling of TR, although at
this stage the MoJ remained committed to a split public/private system. </span><br />
<div style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">
On the same day, the MoJ published a <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/probconsultation/" rel="noopener" style="font-size: 16px;" target="_blank">public consultation</a> into the future of probation which ended on 21 September 2018.</div>
<h3 style="font-style: normal; text-transform: none;">
Ongoing Crisis</h3>
<div style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">
On
15 February 2019, Working Links which operated three CRCs in the
South-West and Wales went into administration, the same day that <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/wlinksrip/" style="font-size: 16px;">Probation Inspectors rated the service in Dorset, Devon & Cornwall as inadequate</a>. Seetec, the company which runs the CRC in Kent, Surrey & Sussex took over responsibility.</div>
<div style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">
On
15 March 2019, Interserve, which operated five CRCs under the Purple
Futures brand, also went into administration. The company will be sold
to its lenders and change name with the CRCs (and other businesses)
continuing to operate, at least in the short term.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The number of critical reports continued:</div>
<ul><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
The National Audit Office <span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">warned the government about continuing with a split system in</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> their extremely critical </span><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/naotr19/" style="background-color: white; font-size: 16px;">progress review of TR</a><span style="font-size: 16px;"> published on 1 March 2019.</span></div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Chief Probation Inspector Dame Glenys Stacey <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/dgs19/" style="font-size: 16px;">annual report</a> published on 28 March described TR as irredeemably flawed.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
The Public Accounts Committee published a further <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/pactr519/" style="font-size: 16px;">progress review of TR</a> on 3 May which found probation to be underfunded, fragile and to have lost the confidence of sentencers.</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<h3 class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="text-align: justify;">
Reverse</h3>
<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="text-align: justify;">
On 16 May 2019, Justice Secretary David Gauke announced a <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/reversetr/">major change in the TR model</a>.
The MoJ accepted that the split private/public model was not working
and announced that all offender management work would be returned to the
public sector National Probation Service. <span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">Under
the revised model, each of the eleven NPS regions in England and Wales
will have a dedicated, private or voluntary sector ‘Innovation Partner’ –
responsible for direct provision of unpaid work and accredited
programmes. The MoJ also announced that t</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">he new model will give local criminal justice partners a direct role in commissioning services together with the NPS. </span></div>
<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix" style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; margin-bottom: 1.75em; text-align: justify;">
It
took the Ministry a long time to come to this decision and it is clear
that there remain many details to be worked out. No new target operating
model was published published alongside the announcement and the MoJ
has provided only a little additional information about what happens
next</div>
<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix">
<ul style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li style="font-size: 16px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
The
Ministry of Justice will now run a period of market and stakeholder
engagement to finalise these proposals, including on how services will
be tendered to providers.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<li style="font-size: 16px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
A commercial competition will launch later this year for providers to bid for to source the necessary rehabilitative services.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li style="font-size: 16px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
Offender management in Wales will be integrated on a quicker timescale, by the end of 2019.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li style="font-size: 16px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
Three launch events to discuss the reforms in more depth will be held week commencing 27<span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; top: -0.5em;">th</span> May in London, Cardiff and Manchester and will be open to stakeholders.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="elementor-widget-container">
<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">
Consultation on Next Stage</h2>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section><section class="elementor-element elementor-element-054de13 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section" data-element_type="section" data-id="054de13">
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<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span class="elementor-drop-cap"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter">T</span></span>he
MoJ still intends to base the new model, at least partly, on its formal
consultation issued in July 2018 and the response to it. From the end
of May 2019 it is holding a number of market engagement events whose
details you can find <a href="https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/o/ministry-of-justice-22594956237">here</a>.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The events are a combination of face-to-face presentations around the country and online webinars and include:</div>
<ul><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Dynamic Framework design </div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Dynamic Framework payment and performance</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Dynamic Framework commercial design</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">Dynamic Framework</span><span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;"> </span>Day One services</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The MoJ is publishing slides from these events as they proceed. The following slides have already been published:</div>
<div>
</div>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/807253/scope-services-webinar.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">The scope of services webinar</a></li>
<li><a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/808187/accredited-programmes-and-unpaid-work-services-payment-performance-models.pdf" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Accredited programmes and unpaid work – services & payment and performance models.</a></li>
<li><div class="title">
<a aria-describedby="attachment-3478268-accessibility-help" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/811496/Rehabilitation_and_resettlement_services__Dynamic_framework__June_2019.pdf">Rehabilitation and resettlement services (Dynamic framework)</a></div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="elementor-widget-container">
<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">
The proposed future model for probation</h2>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section><section class="elementor-element elementor-element-eac51dd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section" data-element_type="section" data-id="eac51dd">
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<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
On
14 June 2019, HMPPS published more information on the next iteration of
the “probation reform programme” with a document entitled: <a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/809004/The_Proposed_Future_Model_for_Probation_-_A_Draft_Operating_Blueprint.pdf">The Proposed Future Model for Probation: A Draft Operating Blueprint</a>.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The
Blueprint sets out more detail on what the probation system will look
like once CRC contracts come to an end in Spring 2021 and it builds on
the proposals set out in the <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/tr2519/">consultation response</a>. HMPPS says the model in the Blueprint will be further refined over the next few months.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The summary included in the blueprint pretty much replicates the Justice Secretary’s <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/reversetr/">announcement of last month</a>:</div>
<ul><div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Responsibility for offender management returns to the NPS.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
There
will be eleven NPS regions in England and one region in Wales, each to
be overseen by a regional probation director. (Originally the plan was
to have 10 English regions but after the publication of the blueprint
teh MoJ & HMPPS announced that Greater Manchester will form a
standalone probation area alongside a revised North West area made up of
Cheshire, Merseyside, Cumbria and Lancashire.) </div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
There will be
new national standards for offender management which focus on the
importance of the quality of offender engagement and the form and
frequency of contact with offenders, along with clear frameworks for
staffing ratios and caseloads.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
NPS staff will be responsible for co-ordinating resettlement.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
There
will still be considerable outsourcing with Unpaid Work and Accredited
Programmes tendered out on a regional basis to “Innovation Partners” and
resettlement and other (non-accredited) interventions commissioned by a
new “Dynamic Framework”.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
HMPPS is also committed to new legislation to recognise probation work as a professional vocation with a regulatory framework.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
The blueprint also pledges new performances measures for both the NPS and new private/voluntary sector providers.</div>
</li>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<li><div style="text-align: justify;">
Finally, there is a commitment to a better IT system.</div>
</li>
</ul>
<br />
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
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<div class="elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix">
<span class="elementor-drop-cap"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter">E</span></span>arlier this month (3 April 2019) Her Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) published its new <a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/792125/prison-drugs-strategy.pdf">Prison Drugs Strategy</a> which <span style="font-size: 16px;">has
been developed to support and complement the main government Drug
Strategy published in 2017 and is centred around the same three
objectives of restricting supply, reducing demand building recovery. </span><span style="font-size: 16px;">The prison drug strategy adopts a “5P” approach with each of the three objectives focusing on five key areas:</span><br />
<ul>
<li><b>People </b>– that prisons have the right staff, with appropriate skills and support</li>
<li><b>Procedural </b>– that prison processes are clear, fair and effective</li>
<li><b>Physical </b>– that prison conditions are safe, clean, decent and promote well-being and recovery</li>
<li><b>Population </b>– that prisoners have positive relationships and engage in constructive activities</li>
<li><b>Partnership </b>– that all the organisations contributing to achieving our aims work together effectively</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">Two weeks ago, I looked at the </span><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/pds191/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">strategy’s first objective: restricting supply</a><span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">, last week’s post focused on the </span><a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/pds192/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">second: reducing demand for dru</a><span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">gs in prison, this post looks at the final objective, building recovery.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section><section class="elementor-element elementor-element-de70ead elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section elementor-top-section" data-element_type="section" data-id="de70ead"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default">
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<h3>
Building recovery</h3>
As
has been the case with so many things over the last decade, the
resources for drug treatment in prison have been cut. Nevertheless,
there are a number of initiatives trying to improve treatment inside,
driven by last year’s NHS England’s new Service Specification for
Integrated Substance Misuse Treatment Services in prisons which aim to
bring greater focus to treatment of prisoners using NPS as well as those
dependent on heroin and/or cocaine.<br />
The strategy acknowledges
that different drugs are more popular with different groups of prisoners
in different prisons and that prison governors will need to design
their substance misuse treatment to meet local needs.<br />
The strategy
also highlights the growing abuse of prescription and pharmacy drugs
and sets out new approaches to ensure that this medication doesn’t get
diverted into recreational use.<br />
Finally, the strategy raises the
very long-standing problem that although large numbers of prisoners do
take the opportunity that being in prison provides to tackle their
dependence on drugs, less than a third of these continue their treatment
on release. The strategy sets out a plan to try and improve continuity
of care.<br />
<span style="font-size: 16px;">The main activities set out in the strategy to build recovery are summarised in the graphic below.</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<i>Andy Aitchison header image.</i></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section><br />
<div class="p3">
<br /></div>
<div class="p3">
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="https://www.supremecourt.uk/about/judicial-conduct-and-complaints.html">https://www.supremecourt.uk/about/judicial-conduct-and-complaints.html</a>)</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/PressPolicy/News/IPPs">http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/PressPolicy/News/IPPs</a></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/805271/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-q4-2018.pdf">https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/805271/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-q4-2018.pdf</a></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://insidetime.org/adjudication-for-a-failed-mandatory-drug-test/">https://insidetime.org/adjudication-for-a-failed-mandatory-drug-test/</a></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf">https://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/sites/default/files/in_the_dark.pdf</a></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.justice.gov.uk/offenders/psos">https://www.justice.gov.uk/offenders/psos</a></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.justice.gov.uk/offenders/probation-instructions">https://www.justice.gov.uk/offenders/probation-instructions</a></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/Bromley%20Briefings/Prison%20the%20facts%20Summer%202019.pdf">http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/Portals/0/Documents/Bromley%20Briefings/Prison%20the%20facts%20Summer%202019.pdf</a></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
https://www.choiceforum.org/docs/noms.pdf</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The independent review of the
Mental Health 2018</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Acthttps://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/703919/The_independent_Mental_Health_Act_review__interim_report_01_05_2018.pdf?_ga=2.104197952.1366448145.1566741599-2083423716.156424903</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Samaritans.https://insidetime.org/opening-shots/</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
http://www.russellwebster.com/transforming-rehabilitation-resource-pack/</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
http://www.russellwebster.com/pds193/?utm_source=ReviveOldPost&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=ReviveOldPost</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
https://www.islandecho.co.uk/hmp-isle-of-wight-improvements-and-concerns-highlighted-by-new-report/</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
www.Russellwebster/raynurskills/ </div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
https://theworldnews.net/gb-news/trapped-scotswood-prisoner-danny-weatherson-gets-support-from-ex-con-turned-youtube-activist-as-he-fights-prison-release</div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
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katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-81142310560499846412019-07-25T16:48:00.000+01:002019-07-25T17:14:29.864+01:00Those debating the IPP are saying how clear IPP has been presented, its tragic that even 7 years since the IPP was abolished that they never a least put everyone remaining inside to the lower tariff EPP. I mention that as it's not obviously as well known, EPP's had a set sentence but with a fairly long licence period that usually ranged between 2 years to, not this unrealistic 99 year licence what on earth were they thinking, people say that they didn't properly consider the backlash problems with stacked up IPP's waiting in massive cue lists for courses, did they care? further more do they care ?....... I don't know if anyone has noticed with the media and even on this debate which was open and far, especially the media always mention sex offenders a very clever move as 99% of us the members of the public and prisoners too totally dislike this type of offender, but I notice it seems to be dropped in whenever discussing prisoners and IPP issues, please media try not to think and stain offenders and x offenders with the same brush as these types of prisoners, they are segregated from us the general population, so at least if in future you refer about prisoners it might be worth mentioning that we aren't the same . Wake up to what's going on here, come on panorama, media.......good morning TV........wake up. Joe Pullen<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="color: #000120;"></span><u><span style="color: #000120;"></span></u><br />
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></h2>
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</h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 107%;">2019
Applications to terminate IPP licences</span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">
31.—(1) Where
an offender qualifies to make an application to terminate their licence under
section 31A of the 1997 Act(<a href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2019/1038/article/31/made#f00015" title="Go to footnote 1">1</a>), the offender may make a direct application to
the Board or apply through the Secretary of State. </span></h2>
<h2 class="LegP1GroupTitleFirst" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none; border-image: none; border: medium; clear: both; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 0.8em; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0em 0px 0.5em; orphans: 2; padding-top: 0em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
</h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">(2) Where
an offender makes a direct application, the Board must serve the application on
the Secretary of State and the Secretary of State must serve any reports or
evidence as directed by the Board. </span></h2>
<h2 class="LegP1GroupTitleFirst" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none; border-image: none; border: medium; clear: both; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 0.8em; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0em 0px 0.5em; orphans: 2; padding-top: 0em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
</h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">(3) Where
an application is made through the Secretary of State, the Secretary of State
must serve any reports or evidence at the same time as sending the application
to the Board. </span></h2>
<h2 class="LegP1GroupTitleFirst" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none; border-image: none; border: medium; clear: both; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 0.8em; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0em 0px 0.5em; orphans: 2; padding-top: 0em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
</h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">(4) Where
the Board receives an application, either from the offender directly or through
the Secretary of State, a panel appointed under rule 5(5) must consider the
application in accordance with section 31A(4) of the 1997 Act. </span></h2>
<h2 class="LegP1GroupTitleFirst" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none; border-image: none; border: medium; clear: both; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 0.8em; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0em 0px 0.5em; orphans: 2; padding-top: 0em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
</h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">(5) In
considering the application under paragraphs (2) or (3), the panel may— </span></h2>
<h2 class="LegP1GroupTitleFirst" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none; border-image: none; border: medium; clear: both; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 0.8em; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0em 0px 0.5em; orphans: 2; padding-top: 0em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
</h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">(a)make a
decision on the papers, or</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">(b)direct
that the application should be decided by a panel at a hearing.</span></h2>
<h2 class="LegP1GroupTitleFirst" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none; border-image: none; border: medium; clear: both; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 0.8em; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0em 0px 0.5em; orphans: 2; padding-top: 0em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
</h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">(6) Where
a panel considers the application on the papers or at a hearing, it must decide
to— </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">(a)terminate
the offender’s licence;</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">(b)amend the
offender’s licence in accordance with section 31(3) of the 1997 Act, or</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">(c)refuse
the application.</span></h2>
<h2 class="LegP1GroupTitleFirst" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none; border-image: none; border: medium; clear: both; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 0.8em; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0em 0px 0.5em; orphans: 2; padding-top: 0em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
</h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">(7) Where
a decision is made by a panel under paragraph (6), the Board must record that
decision in writing with reasons for that decision, and that record must be
provided to the offender and Secretary of State within 14 days of the decision. </span></h2>
<h2 class="LegP1GroupTitleFirst" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background: none; border-image: none; border: medium; clear: both; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 0.8em; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0em 0px 0.5em; orphans: 2; padding-top: 0em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
<a href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2019/1038/article/31/made">http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2019/1038/article/31/made</a> <a href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2019/1038/contents/made">http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2019/1038/contents/made</a></h2>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-size: 26.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> Spot lights on the Parole Board</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 26.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></b><br />
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Martin Jones Talks us through a number of important changes designed to improve the parole system</div>
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New Rules – new challenges</h2>
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<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">This is a guest blog by Martin Jones, Chief Exec of the Parole Board.</em></div>
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On 22 July new Parole Board Rules came into effect.</div>
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These <a href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2019/1038/contents/made" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">rules</a> introducd a number of important changes that will seek to improve the parole system. Perhaps most importantly, these rules introduced the new reconsideration mechanism.</div>
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Having now spent nearly four years at the Parole Board, I have seen significant change and challenges. Some may be surprised to hear that I welcome further change to the system, but I do. I believe these changes are important for maintaining confidence in the parole system.</div>
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The Parole Board make over 25,000 decisions each year. We seek to make all those decisions carefully, having considered hundreds of pages of evidence, and in many cases detailed oral evidence. According to all the data I have seen, and the hundreds of decisions I have read, I believe our decisions are sound. However, given the scale, complexity and nature of the cases we cannot be complacent.</div>
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Under the new system a party to the case — either the prisoner or the Secretary of State — may make an application for the case to be reconsidered by the Parole Board. The bar for the application to be successful is a high one and is similar to the grounds for a judicial review. The Board’s decision, even if unpopular or controversial, must be found to be irrational, or procedurally unfair for it to be looked at again. The new procedure will apply to “classic parole cases” (indeterminate cases, and other cases where initial release is at the discretion of the Parole Board), but it will not apply to determinate recall cases.</div>
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Under the new rules there will be a tight 21-day time limit for applications. I am pleased there is this strict deadline, because prisoners, their families and victims need certainty of the outcome at the earliest opportunity. Once a reconsideration application is received, a judge will review it and respond swiftly. Where they find that the initial decision is irrational or procedurally unfair, the case will be considered afresh. I suspect that the number of cases that may need to be re-opened will be small.</div>
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I know there are some commentators who believe that the new mechanism is unnecessary, and perhaps an over-reaction to recent difficult cases. My assessment is that maintaining confidence that we have a fair and effective parole system is so important that we should embrace change. We know that those released on licence by the Parole Board rarely commit serious offences after release. It makes little sense for people who have committed very serious offences and are considered a risk to the public to be automatically released without any consideration by an expert independent body focused on assessment of risk.</div>
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We also know that change can be positive. On 22 May 2018, the Parole Board were able to start publishing decision summaries to explain our reasons in individual cases — as previously called for by the Board. Despite initial fears, we have now provided 1,588 summaries, primarily to victims. Many of our summaries have also been published, or drawn from, in media coverage of high-profile decisions. It must be better that the media and victims have the facts, rather than speculation. Has the prisoner addressed underlying drug and alcohol problems? Why do we believe that a prisoner has changed?</div>
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I am a strong believer in the power of open justice. We cannot expect anyone to start to understand our decisions if we aren’t able to share our reasons.</div>
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On 18 July the Board <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-parole-board-for-england-wales-annual-report-and-accounts-201819" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">published its Annual Report and Accounts</a>. The report highlights the scale and complexity of the work of the Board.</div>
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Clearing the backlog</h3>
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<span class="elementor-drop-cap" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; font-size: 50px; line-height: 1; margin-right: 10px; text-align: center;"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;">I</span></span>n 2018-19, the Board held 7,903 oral hearings. We directed the release of over 2,900 prisoners including 893 IPP prisoners (including IPP recalls). Compensation to prisoners has dipped by nearly 80% as we have cleared the backlog. A new framework called “RADAR” is also being implemented to ensure that we take a consistent approach to decision making. A project focussing on case ownership has already helped reduce the number of wasted hearings deferred on the day from over 20% to just 6%.</div>
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While I am proud of our achievements, many challenges remain. The Board is starting to see the number of Extended Determinate Sentence cases increase year on year. This is set to increase further and according to my estimations the Parole Board will need to hold over 10,000 hearings a year to keep up with demand. The new rules will assist us in managing this increased caseload by ensuring that key information is provided much earlier in the process. We will also have increased powers to manage non-disclosure applications, ensure third-party direction compliance and provide much clearer timeframes for the process. </div>
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To keep up with demand, we need enough members to keep up with the workload. I am privileged to have around 220 members to make the judicial decisions asked of them (assisted by my superb staff). Those public servants are extremely hard-working and committed to making fair and effective decisions. Following our recent campaign to strengthen the diversity amongst our members, I am very much looking forward to more new members joining us in the Autumn, to ensure we have the members we need to make the decisions required of us in the future. We are already planning our 2020 campaign to build on this success. </div>
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Improving Parole Board Diversity</h1>
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A commitment on improving diversity</h2>
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<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">This is a guest blog by Martin Jones, Chief Exec of the Parole Board.</em></div>
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I have been delighted to <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/tag/martin-jones/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">write for Russell Webster about IPPs, recalls and improving the performance of the Parole Board</a>. These are all important issues where we have made progress. But there is one vital issue where we still need to do better – Improving the diversity of our membership.</div>
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About a year ago I attended a National Prison Radio event where I was asked questions about parole by prisoners. A young black prisoner asked me whether it would be a good idea if each parole panel should include a Black, Asian or Minority Ethnic person to help build trust in our decisions? I answered him honestly – it was a fantastic idea, but we simply do not have enough current members from a BAME background to make this remotely feasible. And I was clear with him – we <strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><u style="box-sizing: border-box;">must</u></strong> do better to address this.</div>
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Whilst 14% of the general population and over 25% of people in prison are from a BAME background; over 95% of our Parole Board members are from a white background and we currently have no black members. In my view that is indefensible and must be damaging to the confidence of prisoners and those working in the system. </div>
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Transparency</h3>
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<strong style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"> </strong>Since joining the Parole Board, I have been keen to be more open about our performance. That is why I worked with the Ministry of Justice to include outcomes of parole hearings in the biennial race in the Criminal Justice system publication <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/race-and-the-criminal-justice-system-2016" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">Race in CJS</a> for the first time. The statistics in that document, which are also shown in <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/lammy-review-final-report" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">the Lammy Report</a>, remain a source of real concern to anyone working in the CJS. There are still disparities at all stages in the CJS. And there are disparities in the Parole Board. Recent years have seen increases in the number of people released as we have held more oral hearings than ever. But certain groups have benefited more than others: </div>
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<span style="font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b></b><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>Hope
shattered for 'trapped' Scotswood prisoner Danny Weatherson after 14 years
behind bars</b></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #141414; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Danny Weatherson turned 31 today, now having 14 birthdays behind bars.</span></div>
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“Trapped” Danny hoped there was light at the end of his dark tunnel after being given a parole hearing date in May but his worried dad, Maurice Stevens, says he has been refused again.</div>
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And now he says his son’s treatment is “barbaric”.</div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #141414; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">“Danny is in his 14th year in prison for a relatively minor offence of attempted robbery of a coat and also an attempted robbery of a mobile phone, which a judge recommended to serve just over 15 months in prison until he had to apply for parole,</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #141414; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">“He has just had a parole hearing where he was refused yet again and was told to apply again in six months time.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #141414; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 1.8; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">“It is Danny’s birthday on July 18 when he turns 31. He has been incarcerated since he just turned 17.</span></div>
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“In my view this is absolutely barbaric and inhumane what they are doing to him.” continued>>>https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/hope-shattered-trapped-scotswood-prisoner-16602147?fbclid=IwAR2bqRLhL0tlBCI_2jlBf3-hQVlygnYHI0JzjJJVtEPXMvAKchAiANBCYGQ</div>
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<a href="https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/hope-shattered-trapped-scotswood-prisoner-16602147?fbclid=IwAR2bqRLhL0tlBCI_2jlBf3-hQVlygnYHI0JzjJJVtEPXMvAKchAiANBCYGQ">https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/hope-shattered-trapped-scotswood-prisoner-16602147?fbclid=IwAR2bqRLhL0tlBCI_2jlBf3-hQVlygnYHI0JzjJJVtEPXMvAKchAiANBCY</a></div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 30.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Justice
Committee demands more transparency from new probation model</span></b><br />
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<span class="elementor-drop-cap" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; font-size: 50px; line-height: 1; margin-right: 10px; text-align: center;"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;">L</span></span>ast Friday (19 July 2019), the House of Commons Justice Committee published a <a href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmjust/2526/252602.htm" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">short follow-up report on Transforming Rehabilitation</a> with the aim of helping ensuring a smooth transition to the next model of probation.</div>
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The report makes recommendations related to staffing, the voluntary sector, Through the Gate (provision for resettling offenders on release from custody), post-release supervision and costs. The Committee calls for greater transparency of funding, “so we can see where funding is going and what impact it is having”. </div>
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This blog post highlights the key recommendations in the report.</div>
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Probation staff</h3>
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The Committee pays tribute to “the dedicated hard work of the probation profession over the past few years” and acknowledges the stress that the TR changes have (and will) inflict ion them. </div>
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The Committee is pushing ministers of probation staff recruitment and endorses the idea of a professional register:</div>
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<span class="Conclusion" style="box-sizing: border-box;">We support the principle of an independent statutory register</span><span class="Conclusion" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> for probation professionals, since it is important to raise the </span><span class="Conclusion" style="box-sizing: border-box;">status of the probation profession. It is important to consult</span><span class="Conclusion" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> widely on this, including with the unions, and we look</span><span class="Conclusion" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> forward to scrutinising the detailed proposals.<a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" id="_idTextAnchor006" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; text-decoration: none;"></a></span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> We recommend that </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">the necessary legislation to introduce a statutory register for probation </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">professionals be introduced as soon as possible, and certainly within </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">the next Queen’s Speech at the very latest.</span></div>
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Voluntary sector</h3>
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The Committee is keen that in the next iteration of TR, the MoJ fulfils its promises to involve more voluntary sector providers:</div>
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<span class="Conclusion" style="box-sizing: border-box;">It is vital that the new system should </span><span class="Conclusion" style="box-sizing: border-box;">be organised and funded in such a way that the </span><span class="Conclusion" style="box-sizing: border-box;">involvement of the voluntary sector is protected and encouraged. We </span><span class="Conclusion" style="box-sizing: border-box;">should be able to measure this. <a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null" id="_idTextAnchor009" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit; text-decoration: none;"></a></span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">The Government should develop </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">a detailed evaluation strategy to ensure that it measures the </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">impact of its new probation policy on the voluntary sector </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">from 2020 in Wales and 2021 in England. This should </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">include establishing the current baseline, to order to measure change. </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">From the start of 2022, the Government should publish transparent </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">figures setting out how much probation funding flows to the </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">voluntary and private sector (including through sub-contracting), and to </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">whom.</span></div>
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Transparency of funding</h3>
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The Committee is clearly not happy with not being able to get a clear picture of probation funding, particularly in relation to the private Community Rehabilitation Companies:</div>
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There is an unacceptable lack of transparency about the reasons for individual spending decisions. For example, when he appeared in front of us, the Minister was not able to explain the Ministerial Direction, made four weeks before, to make payments to CRC subcontractors, against the advice of the MOJ Permanent Secretary in his role as departmental Accounting Officer. Ministerial Directions are rare—it was nine years since the Secretary of State for Justice last issued one.<br />
<span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">When the period with </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">the current CRCs has been finalised and completed, the MOJ </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">should publish a cost analysis, setting out the spend on </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">CRCs and the changes for the lifetime of the CRC </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">contracts. We also note that HMPPS publishes a cost per </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">prisoner per year; the MOJ should consider publishing per-head </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">costs of offender probation support, broken down by CRCs and </span><span class="Recommendation" style="box-sizing: border-box;">the NPS.</span></blockquote>
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This last recommendation — that we should get a proper indication of how much both public and private probation sectors are spending on a per person supervised basis — is something that many of us have been frustrated by over the past five years. It will be interesting to see whether the MoJ accepts the challenge.</div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">2019 August 2019</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Commenting on the <a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/820627/safety-in-custody-q1-2019.pdf">latest
safety in custody statistics</a> published today by the Ministry of
Justice, Peter Dawson, Director of the Prison Reform Trust, said:</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> “The faint hope that our prison system might have
turned a corner has been dashed by these numbers. Prisons are still getting
more dangerous as places where people have to live and work. More people
than last year chose to take their own life rather than endure it. When an
individual prison hits rock bottom, the government reduces the number of
prisoners it holds – but it continues to ignore the obvious truth that it is
the prison system as a whole that is grossly overcrowded. Ministers talk about
having recruited more staff, but the problem will only be solved by having
fewer prisoners.”</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The figures show:</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">An increase in total assaults over the last year which rose
by 11%, 4% of which was over the last quarter. The total number of assaults
over the past year is the highest ever recorded</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The number of serious assaults were at their highest
ever recorded rate with 1,000 incidents</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The number of assaults on staff is also up by 4% over
the quarter, and 15% over the year</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The number of incidents of self-harm are also up, with
the second highest ever recorded quarterly figure</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The number of deaths has decreased to 73 from 77 over the
last quarter, and the annual number has also slightly decreased to 309 from 311. <span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;">IPP prisoner 174 IPP deaths. Ministry of justice</span></div>
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<span style="color: orange;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Disclosure Team</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ministry of Justice</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">102 Petty France </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">London</span><span style="font-size: 11pt;">SW1H 9AJ</span></span></div>
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<span class="elementor-drop-cap" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; font-size: 50px; line-height: 1; margin-right: 10px; text-align: center;"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;">T</span></span>his is the final post in a <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/tag/blueprint/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">blog mini-series</a> in which I am working through the detail of the main topics in the <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/tr2blueprint/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">operating blueprint for the new probation system</a> which HMPPS published on 14 June. <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/tr2blueprint4/">http://www.russellwebster.com/tr2blueprint4/</a></div>
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What are the MoJ’s plans for probation?</h1>
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<span class="elementor-drop-cap" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; font-size: 50px; line-height: 1; margin-right: 10px; text-align: center;"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;">W</span></span>hen the Justice Secretary announced <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/reversetr/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">the format of the new probation system</a> last Thursday (16 May 2019), the MoJ also published <a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/802175/strengthening-probation-consultation-response.PDF" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">its response to the consultation</a> it issued back in last July.</div>
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The consultation process has been rather strange. The consultation document, entitled “Strengthening Probation, Building Confidence”, maintained that the government intended to keep the same format of Transforming Rehabilitation with the public sector National Probation Service servicing the courts and managing high risk offenders with the private Community Rehabilitation Companies managing low and medium risk offenders. The main change was the planned reduction in the number of CRCs from 21 to 11, aligned with new NPS divisions.</div>
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In the end, Ministers bowed to pressure from the sector (and a succession of critical reports by the Probation Inspectorate, National Audit Office and others) and decided to return all offender management to the NPS.</div>
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The announcement did not give much further detail other than:</div>
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<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The 11 new CRCs will now be known as “innovation partners” and will be directly responsible for providing unpaid work and accredited programmes.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The NPS will be required to buy all interventions from the market including “resettlment and rehabilitative services”</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Private and voluntary sector organisations will need to register on a dynamic purchasing framework (similar to that used for the recent re-procurement of prison education) in order to provide services to offenders.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The total annual budget for unpaid work, accredited programmes and these rehabilitative and resettlement services will be up to £280 million per year.</li>
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However, it is clear that there remain many details to be worked out. No new operating model was published and the MoJ has provided only a little additional information about what happens next:</div>
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<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A period of market and stakeholder engagement.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A commercial competition later this year for providers to bid to provide rehabilitative services.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Three launch events to discuss the reforms in more depth at the end of May.</li>
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I have read the consultation response to find whether there are any more clues to the MoJ’s plans.</div>
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The consultation</h3>
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There were 476 responses to the consultation, 44% of them from probation professionals, 17% from voluntary sector organisations and 8% from judges and magistrates. <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">Here is how the MoJ has addressed some of respondents’ concerns.</span></div>
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A clearer role for the voluntary sector</h3>
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The MoJ says that <i style="box-sizing: border-box;">“interventions should be commissioned and delivered locally where possible”</i> and that it wants to see a clearer role for a <i style="box-sizing: border-box;">“wide range of voluntary sector providers”</i>. The MoJ intends to achieve this via a dynamic framework which will operate as an open panel of suppliers, who can be admitted to the panel at any point during its lifetime subject to a qualification process (based on experience and capabilities). Eligible panel members will be invited to participate in mini-competitions for the services required which will be run by the regional directors of the eleven areas (see map below) on either a regional or local level.</div>
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Resettlement</h3>
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Under the current system, CRCs are responsible for preparing all prisoners for release. However, this is set to change:</div>
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Consistent with our broader approach to offender management we intend that in future the responsibilities for assessing offenders’ needs; identifying the services required; and coordinating delivery of these services will in future be provided through the NPS; with a much clearer role for private and voluntary sector providers in delivering those interventions and services.</div>
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Whether regional directors will commission in-prison resettlement services on a prison-by-prison basis or home area basis is unclear, nor how resettlement will fit with the Offender Management in Custody (OMiC) scheme currently rolled out within the prison service. As far as I can see, there is no indication as to whether the MoJ plans to change (or abolish) the post sentence supervision arrangements which brought another 40,000 short term prisoners under the supervision of the probation service and has contributed to a<a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/trends194/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;"> big increase in the numbers recalled to prison</a>.</div>
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Cross-sector commissioning</h3>
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The MoJ says it intends to use the new regional structures to <i style="box-sizing: border-box;">“test innovative forms of commissioning to focus on cross-cutting social outcomes that are key to reducing reoffending”</i> — presumably offender accommodation in particular. It intends to ringfence funding within the overall probation budget with the aim of attracting match funding from other government departments or commissioning bodies including social finance providers and Social Impact Bonds. </div>
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Rebuilding the probation profession</h3>
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The consultation responses quotes from Chief Probation Inspector Dame Glenys Stacey who has emphasised the damage to the professional identity of probation staff from the way that TR was implemented, particularly for those working in CRCs. She has advocated an evidence-based probation service delivered by professional staff who are constantly developing their skills. </div>
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The MoJ says it intends to further this objective by bringing forward <i style="box-sizing: border-box;">“legislation to implement a statutory professional regulatory framework across the probation system with continual professional development standards and a practise and ethical framework for designated roles. By implementing this framework, we aim to ensure that staff who are suitably qualified are supported in gaining the tools and opportunities for a long and effective career.”</i></div>
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You can keep up with the market engagement events and next steps in the probation redesign process on the MoJ probation consultation <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/strengthening-probation-building-confidence-consultation-events-and-materials" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">website</a>.</div>
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Reaffirming the importance of rehabilitation</h1>
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<span class="elementor-drop-cap" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; font-size: 50px; line-height: 1; margin-right: 10px; text-align: center;"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;">T</span></span>his is the third post in a new <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/tag/blueprint/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">blog series</a> in which I am working through the detail of the main topics in the <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/tr2blueprint/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">operating blueprint for the new probation system</a> which HMPPS published on 14 June.</div>
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Today, I am focusing what we know about how the next iteration of Transforming Rehabilitation (now known as the probation reform programme) will work in relation to: rehabilitation and accredited programmes.</div>
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Rehabilitation</h3>
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It is heartening to see the HMPPS dedicating a separate section of the blueprint to rehabilitation (desistance is still a mainly foreign concept to the MoJ, although the word does crop up three times in the 66-page blueprint). Rehabilitation, to most of us should either be the primary focus of probation work or at least share top billing with protecting the public. However, the Probation Inspectorate made it abundantly clear that the whole concept of rehabilitation was more or less abandoned under TR. Not only were most CRCs rarely focused on rehabilitation but many NPS divisions were found to be focused almost totally on public protection while doing little reducing reoffending work.</div>
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The blueprint re-states that rehabilitation is a primary function of probation and sets out a number of key design principles including:</div>
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<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Accredited programmes are the intervention of choice for those who are eligible.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Optimise use of Community Sentence Treatment Requirements (MHTRs, ATRs, DRRs). </li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">There will be a mandated core set of interventions that will be available for those with a RAR and for those on Licence. These interventions will address the areas of need either strongly associated with reoffending or to provide the stabilisation an individual needs to focus on other issues.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Risk-Need-Responsivity principles should be followed when selecting interventions, including both strengths-based, and trauma-informed approached where relevant. </li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Interventions will have various levels of intensity to reflect the varying complexity and acuteness of need that is commonly occurring in the probation caseload. The number of days proposed will reflect this and, within this, delivery should be individually tailored to reflect a person’s progress. • </li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Providers will be expected to tailor design and delivery of these interventions to reflect the needs of specific cohorts where the evidence shows that different approaches improve outcomes. The cohorts in scope are: women, young adults, those with learning disabilities and BAME groups. </li>
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The graphic below shows HMPPS’ expectations.</div>
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Accredited programmes</h3>
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The blueprint section on Accredited Programmes reminds us that those “Innovation Partners” (many of whom may be the same companies who currently operate the CRCs) who win the 11 regional contracts in the TR2 competition will be expected to deliver both unpaid work and accredited programmes.</div>
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The blueprint emphasises that (unlike the present situation) every offender should have timely and local access to any accredited programme needed to address an identified criminogenic need.</div>
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Innovation Partners will deliver both Thinking Skills Programmes (TSP) and Building Better Relationships (BBR). Both programmes will be subject to impact evaluation in 2020 (it is to be hoped that they prove more effective than the <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/the-crisis-over-prison-sex-offender-treatment/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">accredited prison Sex Offender Treatment Programme</a>). The NPS will maintain responsibility for programmes for people convicted of sexual offences as well as for offenders convicted of extremism or related offences. </div>
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There is clearly still considerable debate around the subject of accredited programmes within HMPPS since TSP and BBR are the only two programmes specified in the blueprint although:</div>
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“we will encourage the delivery of additional Accredited Programmes where there is an identified need, if Innovation Partners are able to demonstrate a secure delivery model, which ensures timely access to the programmes”.</div>
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The blueprint also makes it clear that Innovation Partners will be required to deliver new Accredited Programmes as they become available and have the potential to design, develop and test new programmes in partnership with HMPPS.</div>
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The proposed future model for probation</h1>
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<span class="elementor-drop-cap" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; font-size: 50px; line-height: 1; margin-right: 10px; text-align: center;"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;">E</span></span>arlier today (14 June 2019), Her Majesty’s Prison & Probation Service published more information on the next iteration of the “probation reform programme” with a document entitled: <a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/809004/The_Proposed_Future_Model_for_Probation_-_A_Draft_Operating_Blueprint.pdf" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">The Proposed Future Model for Probation: A Draft Operating Blueprint</a>.</div>
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The Blueprint sets out more detail on what the probation system will look like once CRC contracts come to an end in Spring 2021 and it builds on the proposals set out in the <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/tr2519/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">consultation response</a>. HMPPS says the model in the Blueprint will be further refined over the next few months.</div>
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The summary included in the blueprint pretty much replicates the Justice Secretary’s <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/reversetr/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">announcement of last month</a>:</div>
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<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Responsibility for offender management returns to the NPS.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">There will be ten NPS regions in England and one region in Wales, each to be overseen by a regional probation director.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">There will be new national standards for offender management which focus on the importance of the quality of offender engagement and the form and frequency of contact with offenders, along with clear frameworks for staffing ratios and caseloads.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">NPS staff will be responsible for co-ordinating resettlement.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">There will still be considerable outsourcing with Unpaid Work and Accredited Programmes tendered out on a regional basis to “Innovation Partners” and resettlement and other (non-accredited) interventions commissioned by a new “Dynamic Framework”.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">HMPPS is also committed to new legislation to recognise probation work as a professional vocation with a regulatory framework.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The blueprint also pledges new performances measures for both the NPS and new private/voluntary sector providers.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Finally, there is a commitment to a better IT system.</li>
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There is more detailed information on 12 topic areas:</div>
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<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Future Structures, Probation Regions, and the Commissioning and Contracting of Services.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Regional Co-ordination Function</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Advice to Courts</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Offender Management</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Unpaid Work </li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Resettlement Model </li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Rehabilitation</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Accredited Programmes </li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Cohorts and Vulnerable Offenders</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Workforce</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Digital and Technology</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Performance Framework</li>
</ol>
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In this post, I intend to share information from the first three of these topics, future blog posts will share information from the other nine topics.</div>
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Structures, regions & commissioning/contracting</h3>
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Each Regional Probation Director will be supported by a new regional management structure that brings together the line management of NPS operational leaders, commissioning and contract management of private and voluntary sector providers of probation services, performance and quality assurance, business services and stakeholder engagement. The aim is to support a more integrated approach across public, private and voluntary sector providers of probation services. Each regional director will be responsible for meeting the Public-Sector Equality Duty and delivering the relevant recommendations of the Lammy Review and the Female Offender Strategy. To that end, each region will have a dedicated Equalities Manager. This structure is set out in the graphic below.</div>
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The commissioning of services via the Dynamic Framework will be done by the HMPPS central Probation Reform Programme team for the start of the new system before being devolved to regional directors.</div>
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egional co-ordination</h3>
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This section is particularly laden with government jargon and management speak and I found it hard to clarify exactly what it means. Apologies for this example:</div>
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“A Regional Co-ordination Function is predicated on the Dynamic Framework and the regional oversight of multiple contracts delivered on a regional and sub-regional footprint. Working in an Intelligent Customer capacity, it will actively co-ordinate supply and demand to ensure the Responsible Officer can have access to the right services at the right time.”</div>
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The new system is clearly intended to ensure that offender managers/responsible officers can access any service that is required for the supervision and support of any offender. There is an expectation that these services will be both local and able to be accessed promptly.</div>
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So far, so good. It is not, however, clear to me how having 10 big English regions will make it easier to achieve this. As far as I can see, the East of England region, for example, includes Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Suffolk — it will be no easy task for one person to co-ordinate accommodation, ETE, substance misuse services etc. for everyone across this patch.</div>
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Advice to courts</h3>
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The “Advice to Courts” section has five key design principles:</div>
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<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Advice to Court functions will continue to sit alongside existing NPS responsibilities which include the preparation of PSRs, review and enforcement proceedings for all offenders.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">We are committed to improving the quality of our advice to courts and PSRs to ensure proposals target specific interventions and treatment requirements that will facilitate reduced reoffending.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">We want to support efforts to reduce the use of short term custodial sentences by ensuring effective targeting of fuller reports for complex cases including women, black, Asian and minority ethnic offenders (BAME) or those at greater risk of short term imprisonment.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">We will review the training for staff in court to ensure that those who represent the Probation Service are confident in the advice they provide and increase sentencers’ confidence in community sentence requirements known to be more effective at reducing reoffending.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">We want to improve local and national court liaison arrangements so that sentencers are confident about probation services and the delivery of community sentences; are aware of the range of effective interventions being delivered or commissioned by probation and are assured of the quality and effectiveness of those services.</li>
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To my mind, this last principle will be the hardest to achieve since accredited programmes and Unpaid Work will continue to be outsourced with the inevitable consequence that NPS court staff will have no detailed operational knowledge of them.</div>
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Another noteworthy issue in this section is a commitment to reduce the the percentage of oral reports on women, BAME offenders and those at risk of short-term imprisonment in order to <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">“improve the quality of assessments, identification of offending related needs and the targeting to appropriate interventions”</em>.</div>
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March 28,2019 The Transforming Rehabilitation model for probation is irredeemably flawed</h1>
<a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/russell/" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333366; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"></a><br />
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RUSSELL WEBSTER</a></h4>
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Criminal Justice & substance misuse expert and author of this blog.</div>
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<span class="elementor-drop-cap" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; font-size: 50px; line-height: 1; margin-right: 10px; text-align: center;"><span class="elementor-drop-cap-letter" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;">T</span></span>he current model for the delivery of probation services in England and Wales is irredeemably flawed, and a major rethink is needed to create a system that is fit for the future, according to Da<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">me Glenys Stacey, in her </span><a href="https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprobation/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2019/03/HMI-Probation-Chief-Inspectors-Report.pdf" rel="noopener" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">final annual report</a><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"> before she finishes her three year tenure as </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;">Chief Inspector of Probation.</span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">In a lengthy report which cements Dame Glenys’ reputation for straight talking she depicts a sector under exceptional strain:</span></div>
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<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">both the public-sector National Probation Service (NPS) and privately-owned Community Rehabilitation Companies (CRCs) are failing to meet some of their performance targets. The NPS is performing better overall, whereas eight out of ten CRCs inspected this year received the lowest possible rating – ‘Inadequate’ – for the implementation and delivery of probation supervision. In too many cases, there is not enough purposeful activity.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">the probation profession has been diminished. There is a national shortage of qualified probation professionals, and too much reliance on unqualified or agency staff.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">in the day-to-day work of probation professionals, there has been a drift away from practice informed by evidence. The critical relationship between the individual and the probation worker is not sufficiently protected in the current probation model.</li>
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Dame Glenys said: </div>
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Probation must be delivered locally, yet the service is now split at a local level. Despite capable leaders, there has been a deplorable diminution of the probation profession and a widespread move away from practice informed by evidence. This is largely due to the impact of commerce, and contracts that treat probation as a transactional business. Professional ethics can buckle under such pressures, and the evidence we have is that this has happened to some extent.</div>
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The Chief Inspector is clear that although the intention to terminate CRC contracts early and move to better-funded and better-structured contracts will improve matters, it will not be enough. </div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">Any new probation model must focus on quality. In my view, effective probation work is most likely when good leaders are free to manage, motivate and develop professional staff, who are in turn able to build challenging but supportive relationships with offenders. Specialist and local services are also crucial to help offenders turn their lives around.</span></div>
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With the MoJ still in the process of deciding on the form of the next iteration of Transforming Rehabilitation (conflicting messages keep emerging from Petty France about the extent and nature of private sector involvement) Dame Glenys makes a timely appeal for probation structures to be built on four key design principles:</div>
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<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">probation services to be evidence based. Work to reduce reoffending should draw on research and evidence, and new initiatives should be evaluated and the results added to the evidence base.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">probation services that meet both the needs of victims and the individuals under supervision. Probation work should be of the right quality, whoever is providing it.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">an integrated and professional service. The probation service should have enough qualified professionals with access to the right facilities, services and information (and, where necessary, protections) to enable them to do their jobs well.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">a probation service able to command the confidence of the judiciary, victims, the professional staff employed and the wider public.</li>
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The report</h3>
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The report is 108 pages long and divided into two main sections. The first provides a detailed summary of the role and organisation of the probation service. One might think that this is superfluous in an annual report but the section makes sense for two main reasons:</div>
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<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">It provides an authoritative and up-to-date description of the work of probation; in itself an invaluable resource as anyone who has ever had to try to explain what probation is for to people from outside (or sometimes even inside) the criminal justice system is likely to agree.</li>
<li style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">It gives a clear account of the significant changes which have taken place in probation over the last decade, both in terms of government expectations and the demographic and offending histories of those supervised by the service.</li>
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The section pulls together the latest data with specially commissioned graphics and will form the basis of another blog post next week. As a taster, see the graphic above which condenses the probation service’s workflow in such a helpful manner.</div>
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The second section presents a systematic evaluation of the current provision with an emphasis on the many failings of the current system with a focus on how things need to change. Again, I will provide more details in a subsequent blog post.</div>
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Conclusion</h3>
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This report is written explicitly to urge ministers to redesign the probation service in line with the principles set out above. Taken with the recent National Audit Office report which also highlights the dangers of a split service, the MoJ will find it hard to argue that it has not received helpful advice on the future of probation. The aspect of Dame Gleny’s report which I personally find most heartening is her insistence that for many years probation worked well and that if the new system allows probation staff to use their experience and skills and focus on their interactions with the offenders they supervise (rather than have an eye on the requirements of commercial contracts), it will do so again. <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;">I will leave the last word to the outgoing Chief Inspector: </span></div>
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Services of the right quality are most likely if probation leaders are able to lead, motivate, engage and develop a sufficient number of probation professionals who in turn can exercise their professional judgement in each case and tailor supervision in each case, with access to a range of specialist services to meet needs in each case. Leaders can then be held fully to account for delivery, for the service’s adherence to the evidence base and for value for money.<br />
Experience has shown that it is incredibly difficult, if not impossible to reduce the probation service to a set of contractual measures. I urge the government to consider carefully the future model for probation services.</div>
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<em style="box-sizing: border-box;">In the interests of transparency, I should declare that I am a member of the HMI Probation Advisory Board.</em></div>
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December 2018 Chief Probation Inspector draws line in the sand</h1>
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Dame Glenys Stacy's first annual report as chief probation inspector concludes that the new probation system is just not working.</h2>
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Current probation system is not evidence-based</h3>
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It’s a safe bet that today’s first <a href="https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprobation/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2017/12/HMI-Probation-Annual-Report-2017lowres.pdf" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">Chief Inspector of Probation annual report</a> by Dame Glenys Stacey will get much more media coverage than those of most of her predecessors.</div>
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In a now familiar, direct style, Dame Glenys provides a surgical analysis of the extent to which the new probation system brought in by the government’s <a href="http://www.russellwebster.com/transforming-rehabilitation-resource-pack/" style="background-color: transparent; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #cc3366; text-decoration: none;">Transforming Rehabilitation</a> programme is failing to rehabilitate offenders and protect the public.</div>
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If you work in any way for or with the public or private branches of the probation service, I strongly recommend that you invest the time to read the report in full.</div>
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In this post, I have picked out some key assessments to give you a flavour of the whole.</div>
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The [TR] teething problems we identified in a series of early inspection reports have largely been resolved. More deep-rooted problems now prevail.</div>
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Context</h3>
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The report provides a useful graphic summarising the inspectors’ findings:</div>
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Key assessments</h3>
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Below are some of the key assessments that the Chief Inspector and her team have made of the current performance of the probation system.</div>
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A two-tier service</h4>
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We see clearly that there is now a two-tier and fragmented service, with individuals being supervised by the NPS more effectively overall. Of course, the NPS is funded differently, and more generously.</div>
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IT holding back modernisation</h4>
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Most CRCs are struggling. Those owners ambitious to remodel services have found probation difficult to reconfigure or re-engineer. Delivering probation services is more difficult than first appears, particularly in prisons and rural areas. There have been serious setbacks. Despite significant CRC investment, implementation of new IT systems so central to most CRCs’ transformation plans is stalled, awaiting the essential connectivity with other justice systems, yet to be provided by the Ministry of Justice.</div>
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Resourcing & Staffing</h4>
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Unanticipated changes in sentencing and the nature of work coming to CRCs have seriously affected their income and indeed their commercial viability, causing them to curtail or change their transformation plans. Many have reduced staff numbers more than once:<br />
in some, we find staff with exceptional workloads working long hours and still unable to deliver to the professional standards that they know are right.</div>
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Lack of consistent, face-to-face supervision</h4>
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I question whether the current model for probation can deliver sufficiently well. Above all, a close, forthcoming and productive relationship between an individual and their probation worker is key. This is where skilled probation staff add most value, by motivating offenders, working continuously with them to bring about change, and at the same time protecting the public from harm. Yet in some CRCs, individuals meet with their probation worker in places that lack privacy, when sensitive and difficult conversations must take place. Some do not meet with their probation worker face-to face. Instead, they are supervised by telephone calls every six weeks or so from junior professional staff carrying 200 cases or more.</div>
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Mental anguish’ and wider problems with IPP sentences</h1>
<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/jan/11/mental-anguish-and-wider-problems-with-ipp-sentences?fbclid=IwAR2PF3WascK4FRUanUFT5Bsm435u96EF1w1mjHA3QFdtDO9MxFIbHeZRyBY">https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/jan/11/mental-anguish-and-wider-problems-with-ipp-sentences?fbclid=IwAR2PF3WascK4FRUanUFT5Bsm435u96EF1w1mjHA3QFdtDO9MxFIbHeZRyBY</a><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 24px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Gauke quits as justice secretary </span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FheUhmKFNmI/XTnH12t1tKI/AAAAAAAAZYI/nUEI0spLXMYQiS2iXtZ8c1XmZ-T27ODaACLcBGAs/s1600/safeimage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="281" data-original-width="540" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FheUhmKFNmI/XTnH12t1tKI/AAAAAAAAZYI/nUEI0spLXMYQiS2iXtZ8c1XmZ-T27ODaACLcBGAs/s1600/safeimage.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">From 2007 we have had 9 justice Ministers approx. one for each year this is why we cant get nothing done it's a injustice in its own right! We need to address issue. </span><br />
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July 2019 Pay rise for prison officers<span style="background-color: white; color: #0b0c0c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "nta" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">the highest consolidated increase for more than 10 years.<a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/pay-rise-for-prison-officers-2019-statement-by-robert-buckland?fbclid=IwAR178ZUMGtB2k519jwgIPc7Dw-mKNakLl5Du3bcGi7boRRLXcRlRCJu8U_c">https://www.gov.uk/government/news/pay-rise-for-prison-officers-2019-statement-by-robert-buckland?fbclid=IwAR178ZUMGtB2k519jwgIPc7Dw-mKNakLl5Du3bcGi7boRRLXcRlRCJu8U_c</a></span><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></h2>
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Challenge a parole decision</h1>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #0b0c0c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "nta" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">When and how to challenge a Parole Board decision to release an offender.Guidance applies to parole decistions on or after 22 July 2019</span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
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Contents</h2>
<ol class="gem-c-contents-list__list" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: none; color: #0b0c0c; font-family: nta, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.25; list-style-image: inherit; list-style-position: inherit; list-style-type: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<li class="gem-c-contents-list__list-item gem-c-contents-list__list-item--dashed " style="border: none; line-height: 1.3; list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 7.5px 25px 0px 0px;"><a class="gem-c-contents-list__link " data-track-action="content_item 1" data-track-category="contentsClicked" data-track-label="#overview" data-track-options="{"dimension29":"Overview"}" href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/challenge-a-parole-decision?fbclid=IwAR1fgDs2p1oW7Wmy9-l9uu7f52Q5cCvnKWEV9m5kXKr4VyyLxcQltmcfG1o#overview" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); border: none; color: #4c2c92; font-family: nta, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;">Overview</a></li>
<li class="gem-c-contents-list__list-item gem-c-contents-list__list-item--dashed " style="border: none; line-height: 1.3; list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 7.5px 25px 0px 0px;"><a class="gem-c-contents-list__link " data-track-action="content_item 2" data-track-category="contentsClicked" data-track-label="#routine-decision-checks" data-track-options="{"dimension29":"Routine decision checks"}" href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/challenge-a-parole-decision?fbclid=IwAR1fgDs2p1oW7Wmy9-l9uu7f52Q5cCvnKWEV9m5kXKr4VyyLxcQltmcfG1o#routine-decision-checks" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); border: none; color: #4c2c92; font-family: nta, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;">Routine decision checks</a></li>
<li class="gem-c-contents-list__list-item gem-c-contents-list__list-item--dashed " style="border: none; line-height: 1.3; list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 7.5px 25px 0px 0px;"><a class="gem-c-contents-list__link " data-track-action="content_item 3" data-track-category="contentsClicked" data-track-label="#your-right-to-raise-issues" data-track-options="{"dimension29":"Your right to raise issues"}" href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/challenge-a-parole-decision?fbclid=IwAR1fgDs2p1oW7Wmy9-l9uu7f52Q5cCvnKWEV9m5kXKr4VyyLxcQltmcfG1o#your-right-to-raise-issues" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); border: none; color: #4c2c92; font-family: nta, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;">Your right to raise issues</a></li>
<li class="gem-c-contents-list__list-item gem-c-contents-list__list-item--dashed " style="border: none; line-height: 1.3; list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 7.5px 25px 0px 0px;"><a class="gem-c-contents-list__link " data-track-action="content_item 4" data-track-category="contentsClicked" data-track-label="#speak-to-your-victim-liaison-officer" data-track-options="{"dimension29":"Speak to your victim liaison officer"}" href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/challenge-a-parole-decision?fbclid=IwAR1fgDs2p1oW7Wmy9-l9uu7f52Q5cCvnKWEV9m5kXKr4VyyLxcQltmcfG1o#speak-to-your-victim-liaison-officer" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); background-color: #ffbf47; border: none; color: #005798; font-family: nta, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline-offset: 0px; outline: rgb(255, 191, 71) solid 3px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">Speak to your victim liaison officer</a></li>
<li class="gem-c-contents-list__list-item gem-c-contents-list__list-item--dashed " style="border: none; line-height: 1.3; list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 7.5px 25px 0px 0px;"><a class="gem-c-contents-list__link " data-track-action="content_item 5" data-track-category="contentsClicked" data-track-label="#ask-for-the-parole-decision-summary" data-track-options="{"dimension29":"Ask for the parole decision summary"}" href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/challenge-a-parole-decision?fbclid=IwAR1fgDs2p1oW7Wmy9-l9uu7f52Q5cCvnKWEV9m5kXKr4VyyLxcQltmcfG1o#ask-for-the-parole-decision-summary" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); border: none; color: #4c2c92; font-family: nta, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;">Ask for the parole decision summary</a></li>
<li class="gem-c-contents-list__list-item gem-c-contents-list__list-item--dashed " style="border: none; line-height: 1.3; list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 7.5px 25px 0px 0px;"><a class="gem-c-contents-list__link " data-track-action="content_item 6" data-track-category="contentsClicked" data-track-label="#how-to-challenge-a-decision" data-track-options="{"dimension29":"How to challenge a decision"}" href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/challenge-a-parole-decision?fbclid=IwAR1fgDs2p1oW7Wmy9-l9uu7f52Q5cCvnKWEV9m5kXKr4VyyLxcQltmcfG1o#how-to-challenge-a-decision" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); border: none; color: #4c2c92; font-family: nta, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;">How to challenge a decision</a></li>
<li class="gem-c-contents-list__list-item gem-c-contents-list__list-item--dashed " style="border: none; line-height: 1.3; list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 7.5px 25px 0px 0px;"><a class="gem-c-contents-list__link " data-track-action="content_item 7" data-track-category="contentsClicked" data-track-label="#what-happens-next" data-track-options="{"dimension29":"What happens next"}" href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/challenge-a-parole-decision?fbclid=IwAR1fgDs2p1oW7Wmy9-l9uu7f52Q5cCvnKWEV9m5kXKr4VyyLxcQltmcfG1o#what-happens-next" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); border: none; color: #4c2c92; font-family: nta, Arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;">What happens next</a></li>
<li class="gem-c-contents-list__list-item gem-c-contents-list__list-item--dashed " style="border: none; line-height: 1.3; list-style-type: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 7.5px 25px 0px 0px;"><a href="https://www.gov.uk/guidance/challenge-a-parole-decision?fbclid=IwAR1fgDs2p1oW7Wmy9-l9uu7f52Q5cCvnKWEV9m5kXKr4VyyLxcQltmcfG1o">https://www.gov.uk/guidance/challenge-a-parole-decision?fbclid=IwAR1fgDs2p1oW7Wmy9-l9uu7f52Q5cCvnKWEV9m5kXKr4VyyLxcQltmcfG1o</a></li>
</ol>
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<b>2016, IPP FamilyS are important and should not be considered as interference. </b><br />
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Prisoner complaints policy framework</h1>
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https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/814769/prisoner-complaints-policy-framework.pdf</h1>
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<a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/814769/prisoner-complaints-policy-framework.pdf">https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/814769/prisoner-complaints-policy-framework.pdf</a><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
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National Partnership Agreement for employment and welfare support in custody and the community 2019 to 2022</h1>
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Ministry of Justice Annual Report and Accounts 2018 to 2019</h1>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/818854/moj-annual-report-2018-2019.pdf">https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/818854/moj-annual-report-2018-2019.pdf</a><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
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Experiencing long term imprisonment from young adulthood: identity, adaptation and penal legitimacy</h1>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/819752/experiencing-long-term-imprisonment-from-young-adulthood.pdf">https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/819752/experiencing-long-term-imprisonment-from-young-adulthood.pdf</a><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
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Comments </div>
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<span style="color: #3d85c6;">Joe Pullen</span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: #f2f3f5; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">People aren't interested in prisoners, they think we deserve to be locked away and they are mostly correct in their thinking, I'm an IPP and I still have to take into account of my previous </span></span><span style="background-color: #f2f3f5; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">negative behaver and the consequences that followed.</span><br /><br style="content: ""; display: block; margin-top: 10px;" /><span style="font-family: inherit;">However look at the clarity in what this Gentlemen and the rest of the people in that debate are saying and how clear it's been presented, its tragic that even 7 years since the IPP was abolished that they never a tleast put everyone remaining inside to the lower tariff EPP I mention that as it's not obviously as well known, EPP's had a set sentence but with a fairly long licence period that usually ranged between 2 years to 6 most I ever heard , not this unrealistic 99 year licence what on earth were they thinking, people say that they didn't properly consider the backlash problems with stacked up IPP's waiting in massive cue lists for courses, did they care?</span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: #f2f3f5; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> further more do they care ?....... I don't know if anyone has noticed with the media and even on this debate which was open and far, especially the media always mention sex offenders a very clever move as 99% of us the members of the public and prisoners too totally dislike this type of offender, but I notice it seems to be dropped in whenever discussing prisoners and IPP issues, please media try not to think and stain offenders and x offenders with the same brush as thes types of prisoners, they are segregated from us the general population, so at least if in future you refer about prisoners might be worth mentioning that we aren't the same as those type people.<span style="background-color: #f2f3f5; color: #1c1e21; display: inline; float: none; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">I am passionate in trying somehow to wake the world up to what's going on here, come on panorama, media.......good morning TV........wake up</span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: #f2f3f5; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Horton</span></span></span></span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: #f2f3f5; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">New Justice Minister is Robert Buckland. He is a barrister and seems to have an awareness of special needs / learning differences, at least in children. Let's see how he shapes up.<span style="background-color: #f2f3f5; color: #1c1e21; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Oh, I'm not expecting great things. I've seen too many Justice Secretaries come and go for that. But I'm not prepared to give up, either!</span></span><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span></span></span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: #f2f3f5; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: #f2f3f5; color: #1c1e21; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: #f2f3f5; color: green; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"></span><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></h3>
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<span style="background-color: #f2f3f5; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #1d2129; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b></b><b></b><br /></span></span></span></span></div>
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katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-4974537108672584932019-07-15T18:11:00.003+01:002019-07-17T16:05:59.476+01:00The coroner at the conclusion of the inquest states the mental health needs acquired through the IPP setence might actually be the reason for the continuing risk keeps IPPs custody with no treatment available <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Poor treatment of Prisoners is directly
linked to self-harm and suicide, according to research from the University of
Greenwich. These are made up of prisoners in</span></b><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"> Custody Statistics make for
predictably grim reading with self-harm and deaths reaching record highs for IPP prisoners.</span><br />
<br /></div>
IPP prisoners deaths<span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> 174. </span></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> </span></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> </span></span></h2>
<h2 class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">Freedom of information. </span></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b></b><b></b><br /></span></div>
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</div>
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</span>
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<tbody>
<tr style="height: 148.85pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="height: 148.85pt; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; width: 318.95pt;" valign="top" width="425"><img alt="Ministry of Justice" height="80" src="file:///C:/Users/KATHER~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025" width="102" /><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">R Russell</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Via
email: </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.xxx</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<br />
<br /></td>
<td style="height: 148.85pt; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; width: 163.05pt;" valign="top" width="217"><div style="margin-bottom: 2.0pt; mso-line-height-alt: 10.0pt;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Disclosure Team</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 2.0pt; mso-line-height-alt: 10.0pt;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ministry of Justice</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 2.0pt; mso-line-height-alt: 10.0pt;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">102 Petty France </span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 2.0pt; mso-line-height-alt: 10.0pt;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">London</span></div>
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">SW1H 9AJ</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt;"><a href="https://draft.blogger.com/null"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">xxxx.xxxxxx@xxxxxxx.xxx.xx</span></a></span><br />
<div style="margin-left: 14.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">7 February 2019</span></td>
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</span>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dear R Russell<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b></span></span></div>
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</span>
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</span>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
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</span>
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</span>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Request – 190109003<span style="color: #0000cc;"></span></span></b></span></div>
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</span>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Thank you for your request <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">received by the Ministry of Justice (MoJ) on 9 January </span>in which
you asked for the following information: </span></div>
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</span>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“How many IPP sentences have been handed out? How many IPP prisoners
have been released? How many released IPP prisoners have licence conditions?
How many IPP prisoners have been returned to prison? How many IPP prisoners
including those returned to prison have died in custody?”</b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></b></span></div>
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<br />
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</span>
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</span>
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</div>
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Your request has been handled under the FOIA.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">I can confirm that the MoJ holds the information that you have requested
and I have provided it below.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">I can confirm that the MoJ holds the information that you have requested and I
have provided it below. </span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> Sentences of Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) became available for
use by the courts on 4 April 2005, and were abolished by way of commencement of
the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders (LASPO) Act on 3 December
2012. During this period, 8,711 IPP sentences were imposed by the courts. 2. As
at 30 June 2018, 3,856 IPP prisoners have been released. 3. All released IPPs
currently have existing licence conditions. 4. 2050 IPP offenders have been
recalled to prison. However, as at 30 September 2018, the IPP recall population
in prisons was 965. 5. 174 IPP prisoners, including those recalled from the
community, have died in prison custody. This figure includes self-inflicted. </span><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Please note </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">that releases refer to releases on licence (excluding
deaths, deportations, releases to secure hospitals, and quashed or reduced
sentences, etc.), and that one person could receive multiple IPP sentences.</span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Yours sincerely </span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">P White</span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Indeterminate Sentence Operational Support </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0000cc; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0000cc; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">………………………………………………………………………... </span></div>
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<span style="color: #000020;"></span><br /></div>
</span><br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>A Never Ending Nightmare</b></span></div>
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<b></b><br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Close your eyes and try to remember your worst
nightmare. Go on try see if you can. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A really bad one that left you shaking when you woke up, your
heart racing and then the sheer relief you felt when you realised it was only a
dream. Now put yourself back in that nightmare if you dare but this time
try to imagine how you would cope if there was no way out. Try to grasp
in your mind how you would survive if you couldn’t wake up from that dream,
that you were in fact trapped in your worst nightmare. How long would it
take you before you broke, until you screamed and you cried out for help?
Imagine being in that seemingly endless nightmare so long that everything in it
seems to become familiar. That the memories of your loved ones slowly start to
dissolve into a distant blurry muddle that bring you nothing but more pain and
despair when you remember them. Over time you begin to question what is real
and what is not. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Perhaps now if you truly have managed to do this you may have
glimpsed into the life of an IPP sentenced prisoner. A world where hope
is a lottery, where your constant companion is misery and deep inner
loneliness. Yet the pain goes even deeper and affects more people than just
those condemned to the IPP sentence’s continued existence. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The family, the mothers, the fathers, brother’s sisters and
children, they too suffer because they cannot plan for the future. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">
<br />
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Meet the inmate still in
prison after nicking a bike 12 years ago and now on suicide due to never ending setence that has effected his mental health, that he will need 24 hour care when he gets out. Fther is had 12 month to live and only wants to see his Son.</span></span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><img alt="" content="https://i2-prod.bristolpost.co.uk/incoming/article2743683.ece/ALTERNATES/s615b/0_Wayne-young.jpg" src="https://i2-prod.bristolpost.co.uk/incoming/article2743683.ece/ALTERNATES/s615b/0_Wayne-young.jpg" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position-x: 0%; background-position-y: 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; border-bottom-color: currentColor; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-image-outset: 0; border-image-repeat: stretch; border-image-slice: 100%; border-image-source: none; border-image-width: 1; border-left-color: currentColor; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-color: currentColor; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-color: currentColor; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; color: #141414; font-family: &quot; font-size: 100%; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; outline-color: invert; outline-style: none; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; position: relative; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; width: 100%; word-spacing: 0px;" /><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike></span></div>
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<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Take the case of Wayne Bell, a seventeen year old in with a
group of mischievous young boys causing trouble in their neighbourhood.
Wayne had been in with the wrong crowd since the age of 14 and had committed a
few petty crimes. It is not an uncommon situation; youngsters have the
tendency to feel they are invincible and have little understanding of law or
the attitude or desire to understand it. But then one day Wayne stole a
bike</span><span style="font-size: 18.6667px; line-height: 107%;">.</span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;">https://metro.co.uk/2019/04/08/man-jailed-stealing-bike-17-still-prison-12-years-later-9133385/</span><br />
<div>
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</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The judge handed down a four year IPP prison sentence,
Sadly though and perhaps not fully understood even by the judge at the time he
was actually given an indefinite sentence. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> You see Wayne like many thought a four year sentence
would mean four; many barristers didn’t understand the IPP sentence when it
first started to be used. The term set by the judge is a
minimum. It does seem cruel to send someone who committed a crime as a
minor to a term that could last their WHOLE LIFE. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Now this young boy is now a man, his nightmare started as
soon as the reality of the sentence hit him which undoubtedly didn’t happen
until he was old enough to understand it. He is now 29 years old, he has
had many parole hearings, he has been denied access to courses during his
long incarceration which would have helped him progress more quickly. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">If you could meet Wayne you would undoubtedly see the same
look that I have seen in many young men serving this IPP sentence. It is
a look of despair and hopelessness. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Prison is the only life that is guaranteed. Many cut
themselves and it isn’t to seek attention, it’s done to help quell the
psychological pain that they endure day after day. Every now and then
their hopes are raised by an upcoming parole hearing. Hopes though are
frequently ripped into pieces when they are yet again turned down as Wayne has
been. What did he do to deserve so much suffering, so much misery?
He was a child when he committed an offence surely he deserves a chance?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Long term incarceration causes damage especially if you are
not told a firm date at which your sentence will end. IPP prisoners now
know the harsh reality, their term is 99 years and it never changes. Each day
that passes makes no difference, the potential length of your sentence never
ever changes. Every night that light goes out your no closer to release
than the day you started. That surely is psychological torture. Can you think
of anything worse? Well believe it or not the situation Wayne is in is even
worse than that. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">He has given up; the trauma of going through the parole
process is significant. You have to prove that you are no longer a
‘perceived’ danger and you have an extremely limited way in which you can do
that. You cannot have a polygraph; you can only demonstrate that your
perceived risk to the public is low enough by doing rehabilitation courses
which are in short supply and over prescribed. This in many cases means
you have to request a move to other prisons which can take months if not
years. This inevitably moves you away from friends and family and even
when you have done courses you may still be asked to do more, or take a
refresher. You also have to keep a squeaky clean prison record which is
pretty much impossible to do in the majority of Her Majesties prisons. If
you end up defending yourself in a fight that could well go against you in your
next parole hearing. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Yet Wayne isn’t the only person being made to suffer, his
family suffers too. Now Wayne has been denied visits because his mental
state is to poor. His father is desperate to see him because he knows it
maybe the last time he will. His father has been diagnosed with cancer,
his time is now short. He is desperate to see his son before it’s too
late.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">A spokesman for the ministry of justice said ‘Prisoners
serving a detention for public protection sentence committed a serious violent
offence and were deemed by a judge to pose a high risk of serious harm to the
public.’ Well in that case why have many prisoners who have committed a more
serious offence been released after serving a much shorter sentence? The facts
show many of these sentences were handed out incorrectly and issued to people
who technically did not meet the bar for qualifying for one.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In Wayne’s case his previous convictions were petty.
Why is he being treated so harshly and why has he been repeatedly denied the
opportunity to demonstrate he is no longer a danger by being allowed out into
the community under licence? </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Why is his behaviour in a barbaric and dangerous environment
being held against him, prison is nothing like life on the outside? How
does holding him in prison potentially indefinitely help rehabilitate him, it
only institutionalizes him? </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">So many questions seem to fall on deaf ears when they are
asked but the one that hits me the hardest is ‘Why are people being held in prison
potentially indefinitely for being a perceived risk’? This question
should be particularly troubling to a democratic society. Being sent to
prison is a penalty one pays for being convicted of an offence. It is not
a warehouse to stack people who are perceived to be a risk, a risk assessed by
a probation officer who rarely if ever meets the individual concerned. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Many now realise how bad this injustice really is. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">‘It is quite absurd that there are people who might be there
for the rest of their lives, in theory who are serving a sentence which
Parliament agreed to get rid of because it hadn’t worked as anybody intended.”
Ken Clarke MP</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">‘I’m to blame for IPP’ David Blunkett admitted. ‘And we would
do it differently now. If I had my time again, I would have ensured from
the beginning that the IPP could only be applied for people with very
substantial tariffs.’</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">‘This example highlights that IPPs were completely
unsatisfactory’ Jeff Smith MP</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">So why after the abolishment of this sentence are people
still on it? </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">One can only surmise that it’s a political problem, those
that remain on it are in effect held there because no one in government wants
bad press. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">WHAT IF one of those prisoners comes out and commits a
serious offence? I cannot risk that on my watch. I cannot
help conclude this is their main concern. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The WHAT IF scenario isn’t good for a politician’s public
image, after all we are frequently told these prisoners a dangerous. I
would have to challenge that assumption of dangerous or risk and also challenge the
relevance of the question. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Firstly in all IPP cases the perceived risk calculation used
by probation officers does not take into account the effect of the sentence on
the prisoner. It doesn’t take into account the licence term that the
prisoner has to endure upon release either. Unlike determinate sentenced
prisoners there are far more tools available to recall IPPs back to prison.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Once recalled they can be held indefinitely. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Wayne has now served 12 years in prison. He has paid for his
crime three times over and he is now clearly a victim and should be treated as
such. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Why have we turned our jails into warehouses and started
judging people on contentious perceived risk calculations? Wayne was
expelled from school, to me that show’s that society let him down first and put
him at risk of falling fowl of the law in the first place. So surely society
must take some responsibility. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Anyone can be deemed a risk to society so should we lock
everyone up who demonstrate behaviour that suggests an increased risk?
In a democracy one would hope the only people who are sent to
prison are those convicted of committing a crime, for that is the purpose of prison
is it not? Prison is there to act as a deterrent to stop people from
committing crime, whether they appear dangerous or not. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">It is now seven years since this sentence was abolished yet
it potentially will remain in our justice system indefinitely, unless the
government acts and retrospectively removes it. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The government however refuses to change its stance
regardless of the weight of evidence showing the sentence is incompatibility
with its intended purpose. The need to act tough in the public eye concerning
crime is so strong that fair justice no longer appears to be a concern. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Please sign the petition to put it back on their table
again. Please help remove this stain on our justice system, it does not
protect the public, it does not rehabilitate people. All it does do is
course suffering and misery for those forced to endure its continued existence,
both the prisoner and their families. Wayne surely deserves a chance, society
should support him not continue to torture him, potentially indefinitely!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">IPP sentence was abolished in 2005 and ended in 2012 because
the sentence is inhuman though there are still prisoners under IPP sentence it
was not made retrospective the sentence that has become a
form of torture that has driven Wyan and others to acquired mental health
that there life is hanging in the balance on Suicide Watch. This report entitled
‘<a href="http://www.scmh.org.uk/pdfs/In_the_dark.pdf">In The Dark</a> ‘ </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Petition </span><br />
<a href="https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-wayne-bell-from-blunketts-hell?fbclid=IwAR3ATXmNrI0sY8iP1ERW2JMKSXBiwDzFxNLIDorf0jXBhKkNWgEkIdUEedg" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color: #0066cc; cursor: pointer; font-family: arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: left;" target="_blank">https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-wayne-bell-from-blunketts-hell?fbclid=IwAR3ATXmNrI0sY8iP1ERW2JMKSXBiwDzFxNLIDorf0jXBhKkNWgEkIdUEedg</a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 19.9733px;"><span style="color: orange;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">Read Unintended consequences</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 19.9733px;"></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 19.9733px;"><span style="color: white;"><a href="https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprisons/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2016/11/Unintended-consequences-Web-2016.pdf"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprisons/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2016/11/Unintended-consequences-Web-2016.pdf</span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b><br /></b></span>
<br />
<h2>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>IPP Prisoners interviewed for this study showed signs of emotional
distressed due to not being giving a release date.</b></span></h2>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">I stole a phone. I thought of taking my life. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The self-hard is unbelievable IPP recall. IPP
will kill me.<br />
<span style="font-size: 18.6667px;">Links :</span><br />
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-40900691/prisoner-suicidal-11-years-into-10-month-jail-term <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_xUMr9JvwMk">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_xUMr9JvwMk</a><br />
<br />
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=youtube+katherine+gleeson&view=detail&mid=02EE71500487DA4ED06902EE71500487DA4ED069&FORM=VIRE<br /><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-us-canada-40944738/ipp-prisoner-i-thought-about-ending-my-own-life">https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/world-us-canada-40944738/ipp-prisoner-i-thought-about-ending-my-own-life</a>
<br />
<br />
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7cr7ttTWe48 IPP
https://rightsinfo.org/prisoners-sentenced-under-now-abolished-ipp-law-give-up-hope-of-release/<br />
<br />
<span style="background-color: white;">"""<span style="color: black; display: inline; float: none; font: 400 16pt / 107% "times new roman"; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">From 2013 to 2017 a total of 474 by suicide and 21 murders was recorded by a new report published 24 June 2019 </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: orange;"><u><span style="font-family: "segoe ui" , sans-serif; font-size: 24pt;">IPP setence is
affecting mental health’</span></u></span></span></div>
</div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: orange;"><u>
</u></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: orange;"><u><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Emotionally and psychologically the IPP sentence is
a form of torture. A study was once carried out on former terror suspects who
had been held indefinitely without charge or trial at HMP Belmarsh’s infamous
prison-within-a-prison, or ‘Guantanamo Upon Thames’ as it is known. The study
found that it was the indeterminate nature of their incarceration which drove
many insane, and some to take their own lives. It is no coincidence that the
architect of IPP, David Blunkett, was also behind the policy that saw innocent
Muslims detained without charge or even trial. And whilst detained many were
ill-treated and abused. David Blunkett has been man enough to admit he got it
totally wrong with the IPP, yet he is only too well aware the injustice is one
that will never be removed. So his admission does not make a lot of difference.</span></u></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: orange;"><u><span style="font-size: 16pt;"> If Jeremy Kyle can cause the death of one person this should apply to government bodies .</span></u></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #006000;">Video by <span style="background-color: white; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: pre-wrap; word-spacing: 0px;"> Pepsi Watson </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: #006000;"> <span style="color: orange;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;">https://youtu.be/5LEbkvj78rQ</span></span></span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"></span><span style="color: #005000;"></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"></span><span style="color: #b08000;"></span><span style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif;"></span><span style="color: #006000;"></span>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5LEbkvj78rQ&feature=youtu.be<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Indefinite sentences trap inmates with mental health needs in
jail’</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Prisoners with mental health problems who have no
automatic right to release are not getting the support they need to leave jail,
the <a href="http://www.scmh.org.uk/">Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health</a>
said postdate 2010. </span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The charity uncovered a high rate of mental illness among
people given an Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentence. It was found
that of around 2,400 IPP prisoners in England and Wales, just 31 had been
released in the last year. </span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">IPP is an indeterminate sentence for offenders whose crimes
are not serious enough for life imprisonment, Offenders can only be
released once the Parole Board is satisfied they no longer a risk to the
public.</span><br />
<span style="line-height: 107%;">A</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> prisoner stole a bike received 1 year and needs to prove to the parole board hes not a risk and now on his 12 year what gone wrong ! since its is abolishment in 2012 perceived risk needs updating the setencewas poorly implemented and I question perceived moreover the prisoner has proven none risk but with what in prison and how,do your demonstrate ? And if you had learning disability ot Autism?<br />
<br />
<br />
</span><br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #5c5c5c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "quot"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Dated 2010 The </span><a href="http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #0b545a; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" target="_blank">Prison Reform Trust</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #5c5c5c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "quot"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> and the </span><a href="http://www.kcl.ac.uk/schools/law/research/icpr/" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #0b545a; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" target="_blank">Institute for Criminal Policy Research</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #5c5c5c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "quot"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> at King’s College London have called for an urgent review of the social and financial costs and benefits of the setence.<span style="background-color: white; color: #5c5c5c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "quot"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Professor Mike Hough at the Institute for Criminal Policy Research led an investigation into the IPP sentence and its implementation.</span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #5c5c5c; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "quot"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 150%; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"></span></span></span>
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<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #5c5c5c; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b>Main findings</b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "quot"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span></span></div>
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</span></span>
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<ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; list-style-type: square; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-left: 1pc; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="color: #5c5c5c; font-size: 14px; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">
The IPP was poorly planned and implemented. </li>
<li style="color: #5c5c5c; font-size: 14px; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">
Projections about levels of use of the IPP were inadequate and, as a consequence, the resources required to implement the sentence were far too limited. </li>
<li style="color: #5c5c5c; font-size: 14px; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">
The ability to predict the risk posed by those convicted of a crime offences was over-estimated. </li>
</span></span></ul>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span>
<br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #5c5c5c; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b>ased on these findings Professor Hough identified three main policy options: </b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "quot"; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span>
<br />
<ul style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; list-style-type: square; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-left: 1pc; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<li style="color: #5c5c5c; font-size: 14px; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">
To abolish the IPP sentence, and revert to discretionarysentence to deal with those who genuinely pose a grave risk to society. </li>
<li style="color: #5c5c5c; font-size: 14px; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">
To retain the IPP sentence but further narrow its criteria,, targeted more carefully on those representing a real risk of serious reoffending. </li>
<li style="color: #5c5c5c; font-size: 14px; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">
To leave the current arrangements in place, but locate sufficient resources to enable the Prison Service and Parole Board to operate release from the sentence in an effective, humane and fair way. </li>
</span></span></ul>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span></span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span>
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br /></span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br /></span></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The report found that IPP prisoners with mental health
problems were often unable to get on to offending behaviour programmes without
which they were unable to show they were no longer risk.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Uncertainty and hopelessness</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Report co-author and prison psychiatrist Dr Ian Cumming said
“Some IPP prisoners are concealing mental health problems in case they are
barred from offending behaviour programmes.”</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The charity warned that the sentence could aggravate existing
mental health problems because of the “uncertainty and hopelessness” it creates
and that prison mental health services were struggling to cope with
demand. </span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Sainsbury Centre chief executive Angela Greatley said she was
concerned that some people with severe mental health problems were being handed
an IPP sentence rather than being detained in hospital. </span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">It has been reported that the IPP sentence has been handed
down to those with Autism and learning differences </span></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
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<h3>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Inquest opened into self-inflicted death of IPP prisoner
Tommy </span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">on 19 November 2018</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Thomas James Nicol, known as Tommy, died on 25 September
2015, four days after he was found hanging at HMP The Mount. Tommy was 37. He
was in prison on an ‘Imprisonment for Public Protection’ sentence (IPP);
indeterminate sentences which have since been abolished. The inquest into his
death opened today (Monday 5 November2018) at Hertfordshire Coroner’s court.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The minimum tariff on Tommy’s sentence was four years,
starting from November 2009. He died after almost six years in prison. Tommy
was transferred to HMP The Mount after spending time at HMP Erlestoke after a
Parole Board review of his sentence in June 2015. The review concluded that
Tommy should do further ‘motivational and psychological’ work before release.
Tommy expressed frustration about this decision, and not being able to do the
required programmes ahead of the review. The next Parole Board review was not
due until February 2017, over two years later.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Tommy had not been diagnosed with mental ill health, but
following the review spent long periods in segregation cells at HMP Erlestoke.
On 15 September 2015 he was transferred to HMP The Mount straight from
segregation, and three days later seriously self-harmed and expressed extreme
distress and frustration at not having been moved to an open prison. The prison
began monitoring procedures for self-harm and suicide known as ACCT.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Following this, Tommy’s self-harm and troubled behaviour
escalated. He remained in segregation and was considered high risk by staff. On
21 September he was found hanging in a segregation cell. On 25 September
doctors withdrew life support and Tommy died. The family were later informed of
Tommy’s self-harm and subsequent death. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Despite being abolished in December 2012, on 20 July 2018 the
Parole Board <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/parole-board-annual-report-and-accounts-201718">reported</a>
that around 2,800 people remain in prison on an IPP sentence. Throughout the
use of the sentence, serious concerns were raised over difficulties in
accessing ‘offender behaviour’ courses, required to qualify for release.</span></div>
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/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
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mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">INQUEST has been working with the family of Tommy Nicol since
his death. The family is represented by INQUEST Lawyers Group members Claire
Brigham of Hodge Jones and Allen solicitors, and Kirsten Sjovoll of Matrix
Chambers.</span></div>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Other
deaths of people on IPP sentences include</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Steven
Trudghill, 23, who died at HMP Highpoint on 9 January 2014. The coroner at the
conclusion of the inquest <a href="https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Trudgill-2016-0210.pdf">wrote
a Prevention of Future Deaths report</a> addressed to the Ministry of Justice,
which raised concerns about other prisoners on IPP</span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"</span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></span></b></h3>
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<h3>
<b><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Noteworty and Significant </span></b></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">"He
said, it is the “case that there are complex mental health needs which might
actually be the reason for the continuing risk that keeps them in custody, as
with Steven, yet the specific treatments are not available within the prison
system”. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></span>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Charlotte ‘Charlie’ Nokes, who was 38 when she died at HMP
Peterborough on 23, 2016. The inquest into her death is yet to take place.
Charlotte’s family <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-39422550">spoke
to the BBC</a> about her life.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">IPP sentences. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">IPP sentences came into use on 4 April 2005, as part of
section 225 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003, introduced by then Home
Secretary, David Blunkett.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In 2007 the <a href="https://www.newlawjournal.co.uk/content/law-reports-177">Queen's Bench
Division of the High Court ruled</a> that the continued incarceration of
prisoners serving IPPs after tariff expiry where the prisons lack the
facilities and courses required to assess their suitability for release was
unlawful.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In 2010 a <a href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/7361504/Inspectors-call-for-review-of-unsustainable-indefinite-prison-sentences.html">joint
report</a> by the chief inspectors of prisons and probation concluded that IPP
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">On 3 December 2012 the IPP sentence for new cases was
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Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act</a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In November 2016 HM Inspectorate of Prisons completed a <a href="https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/hmiprisons/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2016/11/Unintended-consequences-Web-2016.pdf">review
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
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<span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">sentences also have particularly high rates of being recalled
to prison, <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-41669070">according to
reports</a>.These are not for crimes but breaches </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The Parole Board noted in October 2017 that more than half of
those released had being sent back to jail for breaching licence conditions.
There were suggestions in the 2016 HMIP review (above) that this could be
linked to a lack of access for people on IPP sentences to temporary release
(ROTL) to prepare for leaving prison.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 107%;">For more information see <a href="http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN06086/SN06086.pdf">Parliamentary
Briefing Paper</a> [PDF] on Sentences of Imprisonment for Public Protection,
October 2017.</span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
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<a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9VNn10aO0J4/XSSZXzh_LiI/AAAAAAAATsY/c29h10yDGa07a-X6Pas_MqSXPO2X3LvIwCLcBGAs/s1600/Untitled12.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="589" data-original-width="1082" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9VNn10aO0J4/XSSZXzh_LiI/AAAAAAAATsY/c29h10yDGa07a-X6Pas_MqSXPO2X3LvIwCLcBGAs/s1600/Untitled12.png" /></a><br />
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<div class="blog-item">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0cm;">
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">As deaths in custody
spiral and coroners’ recommendations are ignored, a vicious cycle goes on.</span></b></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Inquest are continuing into the self-inflicted
death coroners notice a pattern IPP deaths and he was deeply critical about the care and mental health of IPP prisoners.Inmates on a IPP sentence that has no end date given for
relatively minor crimes in comparison to the prison population.last
year David Hinchliff wrote: ‘I repeat ten years later that the Prisons
Department and the Department of Health should conduct a collaborative exercise
to achieve the provision of suitable, environments in order to treat those with
acquired mental health problems.’ Two inquests, ten years apart – following on
from deaths who had been criminalised for being mentally
unwell. Prisons could not keep them safe. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">For almost four decades, INQUEST has
worked alongside the families of the IPP prisoners men, women who have
died in prison. Deaths in prison are an unacceptable yet persistent
feature of the UK’s criminal justice system. Almost daily, INQUEST learns from
bereaved families about deaths in the most appalling conditions. Prisoners are
too regularly neglected and left to die alone in their cells because of
failures to respond to mental health crises and medical emergencies. At the
heart of many deaths in custody is a person who has been ignored. a crisis is
seen as ‘just’ a mental health problem. They are treated as less than
human. In 2016, 345 people died in prisons in England and Wales, the
highest number on record. This figure represented a 131% increase from the 153
deaths a decade earlier in 2006. After a welcome reduction in 2017, the latest
figures from the Ministry of Justice for the 12 months to September 2018 suggest
that deaths are rising once again. Of the 325 deaths, 87 were self-inflicted,
165 were non-self-inflicted, five were homicides, and 68 await classification
as the circumstances and causes are unclear. Mark Saunders, whose son Dean died
at HMP Chelmsford in 2016, told a parliamentary committee a year later: ‘In
this country we do not give a death sentence, but for everyone who has taken
their life in prison that is exactly what they got.’ Dean had been imprisoned
on remand during a mental health crisis. An inquest jury found that neglect
contributed to his death, with serious failings in both mental health care and
the prison system.
https://www.thejusticegap.com/proof-magazine-every-four-days-someone-takes-their-own-life-in-prison/</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">""Thousands
of Imprisoners was sentenced not knowing they had been given A IPP sentence on
top of their original sentence at the discretion of the judge. </span></b></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The offender only became aware when they arrived at
prison on reading their documentation of their sentence. The question many
inmates ask how was this allowed to happen without our knowledge or our
solicitors?"" The IPP sentence would lead to
thousands being over tariff at no fault of their own and would
further lead to numbers of tragic deaths by suicide. IPP sentences
is a 99-year sentence was designed originally for sex offenses but
lather used more widely for relatively minor offenses such as ABH, Street
robbery,Arson etc....</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The IPP sentence was lather abolished being
a human rights violation. </span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">But yet the government did not make it retrospective and
did not abolish it for all. numbers became trapped as a result of the poor
implementation of the sentence. IPP sentence would come to the
attention of Justice Ministers /parole board without success accountability
to the deaths. ""Thousands of IPP prisoners was sentenced not knowing
they had been given A IPP sentence on top of their original sentence at the discretion of
the judge. The offender only became aware when they arrived at prison on
reading their documentation of their sentence. The question many inmates
ask how was this allowed to happen without our knowledge or our
solicitors?"" The IPP sentence would lead to
thousands being over tariff at no fault of their own and would
further lead to numbers of tragic deaths by suicide. IPP sentences is
a 99-year sentence designed originally sex offenses and lather used
more widely and given for relatively minor offenses such as ABH, street
robbery, Arson etc..... The IPP sentence was
lather abolished being a human rights violation. </span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">But yet the government did not make it retrospective and
abolish for all. Aprox 3000+ prisoners became trapped with a poor implemented sentence.
For prisoner’s and the families, the nightmare IPP sentence would be
brought to the attention of the justice ministers and the parole
board for decades without success of any accountability. </span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">When judges where giving out the sentences before they were
abolished </span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">judges where under the impression that offenders would be
released as they would be able to prove there not a risk by going on
the courses handed down by the sentencing judge.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">judges wound not be aware the sentence was poorly implemented
and that the prison did not have the courses.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> prisoners would write to government bodies to express they did
not run a single accredited course at the prison they were in! </span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">There was a few prisons that was lucky to have
a courses but what ones and what course? you could put in for a
move this took 3 months but then be told there was a two year but you
could be out in one year but you have to do the course adding further years
on. 2 years waiting some prisoners would be likely moved to another
prison by prison though on waiting list. Numbers were told of courses at a
prison when they got there they didn't have courses. prisoner was not given a
list where the courses was or what prison. Those with learning
differences where was not given intermediaries under the law to help them
with letters writing going forward. Other that where on a waiting
list for years was move just before the course was about to start.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> for example, if you were given 1-year sentence and
you had to do five courses to reduce risk it would take you years to
do them, if you could articulate your way forward to find one course or the
right course you needed.</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">being over tariff made their situation worse with
regards to the parole board. Many had though it too unnecessary years
have done all the courses to prove to the parole board there no
longer a said risk what else is left for them to prove there not a
risk when in prison, right! Further failings of this waiting list for parole
board, lack of parole board members along with offender mangers and
offender mangers or not turning up at parole board hearings setting back a
prisoner year for another hearing. The failings are a snap shot
but endless and a contributing factor in a neglected system</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">It is left to inmates to prove there not a risk so how
do prove your rehabilitation by means of courses which
they have done. prisoners have not been given any further instruction to prove
than this but are still there some 10 years over there sentence and still can’t
get parole. The longer IPP prisoners are there, the likelihood there will be
going infringements been drawn in by other inmates as well as those with autism…..
</span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;">IPP prisoners have been losing hope after decades of
campaigns and letters to Ministers only to be ignored.</span></div>
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike><br />
<br /></div>
</div>
<h2>
Does justice have a price?</h2>
<br />
<div class="entry-dateline" style="text-align: justify;">
<time class="dt-published published entry-date" datetime="2019-06-14" pubdate=""><span class="entry-author"><a class="p-author author entry-byline-link" href="https://www.adamsmith.org/blog?author=56ede385d9fd56e06ef271a1" rel="author">Tim Ambler</a></span>June 14, 2019</time> <time class="dt-updated updated" datetime="2019-06-14"></time> </div>
<div style="text-align: justify; white-space: pre-wrap;">
A rather superior judge once told me that justice has no price. I was grumbling at the time about the poor value provided by the Crown Prosecution Service and the crime universities otherwise known as prisons. A classic example of this indifference was provided last week by a House of Commons Justice Committee <a href="https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN06086/SN06086.pdf">report</a> addressing sentences of Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPPs). </div>
<div style="text-align: justify; white-space: pre-wrap;">
In 2005, the government decided that dangerous violent and sexual offenders should remain in jail until the Parole Board decided otherwise. In 2012, the Coalition government decided otherwise: IPPs were “not defensible” and were abolished. Except, with the logic peculiar to Westminster, they were retained for prisoners already incarcerated. Lord McNally, speaking for the government, gave the <a href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201212/ldhansrd/text/120209-0002.htm">Alice in Wonderland defence</a> that “lawfully imposed” sentences could not be altered simply because they had been shown to be wrong: “At the end of March 2019 there were still around 2,400 prisoners serving IPPs.”</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; white-space: pre-wrap;">
“Across England and Wales, it cost an average of £37,543 a year to keep a prisoner in jail last year [2018]. That was up 6.1% from £35,271 in 2016/17.” In other words, it is costing the taxpayer over £90M to keep people in prison who, on the governments own reckoning, should not be there. With this attitude it is not surprising that our prisons are overcrowded and too expensive.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; white-space: pre-wrap;">
Back in September 2008, the Chief Inspector of Prisons made a <a href="https://www.justiceinspectorates.gov.uk/probation/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2014/03/hmip_ipp_thematic-rps.pdf">damning report on IPPs</a>: “There are now nearly 8,000 more prisoners in the system than the average for 2005. (…) It led to IPP prisoners languishing in local prisons for months and years, unable to access the interventions they would need before the expiry of their often short tariffs. A belated decision to move them to training prisons, without any additional resources and sometimes to one which did not offer relevant programmes, merely transferred the problem. By December 2007, when there were 3,700 IPP prisoners, it was estimated that 13% were over tariff [i.e. had already served the conventional term]. As a consequence, the Court of Appeal found that the Secretary of State had acted unlawfully.”</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; white-space: pre-wrap;">
Government was not wholly to blame: the judiciary had responded to IPPs with such enthusiasm that they were handing them out to offenders who would otherwise have merited only short sentences. It should have been clear from the original intent that IPPs were to be used only for those few who did not quite justify life sentences.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; white-space: pre-wrap;">
Also in 2008, the <a href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200708/cmselect/cmjust/184/18406.htm#a14">House of Commons Justice Committee</a> recognised that this created a Catch 22: those who should have been on short sentences did not have the time or assistance in jail to make their cases to the Parole Board and were therefore never let out.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; white-space: pre-wrap;">
The National Audit Office drew attention to this problem in <a href="https://www.nao.org.uk/report/managing-the-prison-estate/">2013</a> and <a href="https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Investigation-into-the-Parole-Board.pdf">2017</a>.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; white-space: pre-wrap;">
This nonsense should have been resolved ten years ago and yet Justice Ministry continues to fail. Bureaucracy and indifference to value for money lie at the heart of the problem. Furthermore ambiguity and unfairness undermines deterrence. Whether government or the judiciary are to blame for the original muddle over IPP sentences is debatable but the Justice Ministry is certainly responsible for the continuing waste of prisoners’ lives, the waste of taxpayers’ money and ambiguity about how, if ever, IPP prisoners will be given the support to which they are entitled and, where appropriate, be allowed out of jail.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify; white-space: pre-wrap;">
The 2019 Justice Committee’s Report cited above concludes on page 20: “Of IPP prisoners who have never been released, the majority (91% at the latest count) have passed their tariff expiry date. Of these, around two thirds (64%) were more than 5 years over the expiry of their original tariff length. One in five (20%) of those who were over their tariff length were over it by 8 years or more.”</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The
inability of prisoners to be released is in marked contrast to the
speed with which Justice Secretaries leave the Ministry. After Chris
Grayling served three years, we have had four in little more than four
years. None of them, it would appear, considered that long enough to
redress this obvious injustice and thereby enhance taxpayer value. *
Prompt justice costs less.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Prison: the facts Bromley Briefings Summer 2019</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
Facts
and figures provide a better basis than opinion for policy and practice
change. Drawn largely from government sources, these facts chart the
extraordinary rise in prison numbers over the last twenty years,
inflation in sentencing and the social and economic consequences of
overuse of custody. They reveal the state of our overcrowded prisons and
the state of people in them, the impact of deep budget cuts, the pace
and scale of change in the justice system and the scope for community
solutions to crime.<br />
<br />
Disposable prisoners<br />
<br />
According to the proof magazine every four days someone
takes their own life in prison <br />
<br />
https://www.thejusticegap.com/proof-magazine-every-four-days-someone-takes-their-own-life-in-prison/<br />
<br />
House of Lords house of common joint committee on Human
Rights<br />
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" 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<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">""Thousands
was sentenced without knowing they had received a IPP. They were given a minimum
term say for an example of 2 years however it was not until they received their
documentation in prison they realised they has received an IPP sentence and they
question how was this allowed to happen without our knowledge, not even the
solicitor new. The IPP sentence would lead to thousands being over
tariff no fault of their and lead to mental health and the
tragic deaths of hundreds.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16pt;"></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;"> IPP sentences
a 99-year sentence was designed for originally sexual offenses but
lather used more widely for relatively minor offenses such as ABH, street robbery,
Arson etc. The IPP sentence was lather abolished as a human
rights violation. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16pt;"></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">But yet the
government failed to make it retrospective, abolish the sentence for all
given the sentence they became trapped with failing sentence which
was recorded as not been correctly implemented. For prisoner’s families the
nightmare the IPP sentence would be brought to the attention of
justice ministers and the parole board being a snap shot for decades on
the failings and the nightmare situation they were in without success there
would be no accountability. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16pt;"></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">Sentencing those
to an IPP not originally designed for them</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16pt;"></span></b></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">Judges where under
the impression offenders could be released because they would be able
to prove there<b> </b>not a risk by attending course handed down by the sentencing
Judge.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16pt;"></span></span></span></span></div>
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">The judges wound not
be aware the sentence was poorly implemented and that prisons did not have the
courses.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16pt;"></span></span></span></span></div>
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<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">hundreds of prisoners
voiced, not one single accredited course was at the prison they were at!
few prisons had the courses or the courses they needed. Number of prisoners
move prison and this took 3 months but then told of year or two
waiting list but by that time you were likely moved to another prison. Numbers
were told of courses at certain prison however when they got there they
there was no courses. Inmates was not given a list where the courses were
or what prison. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16pt;"></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">Example if you were
given 1-year sentence and you had to do five courses to reduce
said risk it would take you years over your sentence to do them all, that’s if
you could articulate your way forward. inmates then situation got worse
with regards to the parole board the more over tariff you became.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16pt;"></span></div>
</div>
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<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">Those with learning
differences were not given intermediaries under the law to help them
with letters writing- going forward. there was a relicense on other prisoner
putting them in danger with regards to private information and a favour needing
to be payed back.<br />
When an IPP prisoner has finish all the courses there was
nothing left to prove you’re not a risk so why are they still
holding these prisoners year after year until they go insane
then this reverts back to risk. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16pt;"></span></div>
</div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">These being a snap
shot of problems postdate: delays in parole hearings, lack of parole board, offender
mangers shortfall and offender mangers or not turning up at parole board hearings setting
back inmates years. The failings were endless and a significant contribution
factor neglected system. Over tariff they don’t want compensation they want to
go home to their families. </span></div>
</div>
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<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 16pt;"></span></div>
</div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">It is left
to inmates to prove there not a risk so how do prove
your rehabilitated by means of courses which prisoners
have done. prisoners have not been given any further instruction to prove
there not a risk and despite doing the courses some are over tariff by 10 years
and are they now being held because they acquired mental health issues,
though they caused this by their failing there arguing risk? The government
have not considered the sentence being a risk to health and wellbeing
which has effected the mental state of those sentence to an IPP significantly and
that government have a duty of care. </span></div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">Look up Rehabilitation
its meaning! It’s the is the action of restoring, someone to health or normal
life through courses or therapy or a period of behaviour someone damaged to
former condition. But instead restoring and moving them forward IPP prisoners
are suffering Emotionally and Psychologically. Not just Families could tell you
but a real study found IPP, indeterminate nature of the incarceration which driven
many to mental health and insane, and hundreds to take their lives. Lack of
advocates to help them negotiate services. Mental health made worse by issues,
not the sentence with no end date, poor practice, incompetence of the prison
system as well as failing follow recommendation by corners moreover a failing
government to act. A government lack of mental awareness by main political
parties. </span></div>
</div>
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; orphans: 2; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">Research by the <u>Think
Tank Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health</u> has revealed that level of acquired
mental and emotional distress are higher among offenders sentenced to an IPP
than among either the general prison population or prisoners serving a life
sentence. Sainsbury Centre researchers said mental health told them they were significantly
stretched and under resourced to be able to offer help to IPP prisoners despite
the obvious needs and this was relayed to the government however the government
sat on information and did nothing. </span></div>
</div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">Hundred and seventy-IPP
prisoners same group of prisoners different prisons have since taken life. Many
non IPP prisoners witness the down would spiral of a IPP prisoner who they
shared a cell with. It has been now revealed there trying to stop media from
entering prisons are they hiding a bigger picture.</span></div>
</div>
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<span style="color: #3d3a3b; font-family: "&quot" , serif; font-size: 16pt;">Article 2 of the <a href="https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/human-rights/human-rights-act" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: #c000c0;">Human Rights Act</span></a>
protects your right to life.</span></div>
</div>
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<span style="color: #3d3a3b; font-family: "&quot" , serif; font-size: 16pt;">This means that
nobody, including the Government, can try to end your life. It also
means the Government should take appropriate measures to safeguard life by
making laws to protect you and, in some circumstances, by taking steps to
protect you if your life is at risk</span></div>
</div>
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<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;">kid have a rights
they have a right to family life under human rights but how can this be if
there is no end date. Where it not possible a right to regular contact and this
being taken away from them under the IPP sentence.</span></div>
</div>
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<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;"></span><br /></div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: black; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>that health or normal life is no reason they
can’t be managed in the community The longer IPP prisoners are there the more
likely to go insane with no end date. infringements likely to be added the
longer their vulnerable inmates are drawn in by other inmates as well as
those with autism and learning differences.
</span></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;">Autism and learning differences</span></b></div>
</div>
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</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
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<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Autistic people
can also be misunderstood by professionals within the criminal justice system,
which is something I’m trying to change. There’s a tendency, particularly in
relation to some serious crimes for criminal justice professionals to
interpret ‘odd’ as ‘dangerous.</span><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b><span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">There are also
cases where someone's autism may have a bearing on their behaviour. For
instance, autistic people can have difficulty understanding unwritten social
rules or how the world works, which can leave them open to being taken
advantage by others </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">Autistic people
can end up in the prison system, just like anyone else. Although the exact
number of autistic people in prison isn’t known, in HMYOI Feltham in February 2
year back, they represented 4.5% of the population. (Note this is an
ever-changing figure, as people are released and others arrive. The prison
struggle to help them often choosing to spend—extended periods
in Separation Units (segregation), as they are quieter environments,
without contact with other prisoners. Many prisons don't have specialist Autism
Accreditation Standards for prisons.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">What is clear is
that research has found that autistic people “represent some of the most
vulnerable people in the offender population. looking at old reviews
there seems to me there is a lot of recommendations however not acted
on.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">when judges were
handing down IPP sentences they should have carried out a proper assessment and
back ground on behaviour indicating there maybe Autism / learning differences
or both. Addressing dangerousness doc below was sent in ex IPP Inmate
name withheld. Since his release he had a private assessment which found
Autism. He feels strongly about the deaths of IPP prisoners and accountability
of him being given a IPP in the first place for a minor crime he has kindly
sent this doc and highlighted areas in yellow......</span></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">…...………………………………….........</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>I will be attending the parole board <span style="background-color: #fefdfa; color: #333333; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">28th august 2019 </span>attending with me is three IPP families members.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b></b><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">We will be addressing keys issues postdate and current. If you would like to
contribute key issues in prison or on release or if you’re a family
member, other.... I would like to hear from you. Don't worry about
spelling-dyslexia if you could Ballet point issues, thank you. Email
or letter Email Katherinegleeson@aol.com </span><br />
</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Copy of 2018 last years parole board attendance written minutes that may jog memories and to what could be added.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Attendees:
Martin Jones, Parole Board Chief Executive Faith Geary, Director of Business
Development and Improvement Marianne Ede, Member Development and Practice IPP
Lobby Group, Katherine Gleeson, Ann Horton, Michael Ford,</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">
<br />
The IPP families group raised several points, the main thoughts are
summarised below. <br />
<br />
Main points raised:<br />
<br />
• There is concern that issues are caused by a prisoner’s immigration
status. <br />
<br />
Parole Board comment: <br />
<br />
- The Home Office have the power to deport a person without the need for the
Parole Board’s involvement. It is not clear whether / how often this power is
utilised. In any case, the Parole Board must decide whether, or not, a prisoner
is safe to be released. When making such decisions the Board’s Members must not
be caught up in the prisoner’s immigration status, it is a strict question of
risk. <br />
<br />
• The system (prisons, probation, etc.) protects itself. For example, if the
prison is delayed in recommending a course which could have been recommended
earlier or if a new Probation Officer is brought into the case late, this is
just accepted by the Parole Board. It is the prisoner who pays the price (for
example, through a delayed hearing). • It was asked if the Parole Board
have the power to tell prisons what to do (in the context of avoiding
delay). <br />
<br />
Parole Board comment: - One of the frustrations the Parole Board experiences is
directing reports which are not provided on time. The Parole Board is alert to
this issue and is in the process of looking at (and pressing for) possible
sanctions, not only if directed reports and information are not received on
time but also the non-attendance of oral hearing witnesses. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In addition
to this, the Parole Board are considering, where possible, when case has its
initial review by the MCA Member, to direct a physical date as opposed to
specifying the number of weeks the reports must be received before the hearing.
This may help to ensure that directed reports are received on time. -
Although Dossiers and decisions of the Parole Board often refer to courses,
Members when making their decisions do consider wider information. The Parole
Board undertakes a fair and impartial assessment; however, the Board
appreciates that the way in which the Members conducts their decision making
needs to be understandable to the public. To assist with this, there is a
Parole Board Member lead group which is reviewing the approach to the decision
making<br />
</span></span><br />
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</span></span>
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<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="color: #eeeeee;">
about risk (‘RADAR’) to ensure a consistent approach which can be explained in
simple terms. - The Parole Board is reflective in its practices and to
assist with its learning is looking at the practices of international Parole
Boards as a useful comparison. - The Parole Board appreciates the
difficulties in the public perception around the release of offenders. Most of
those going through the parole process have been convicted of serious violent /
sexual offences. It needs to, however, be acknowledged that the rate of
reoffending after a Parole Board decision to release is extremely low. -
Parole Board Members make judgement calls based on the evidence. There will
never be scientific certainty as to whether, or not, a prisoner will
reoffend. - The Parole Board is still asking Members to go out and make
rational decisions based on the evidence. The Parole Board supports its
Members in making difficult decisions and will continue to do so. - Risk
posed by a prisoner cannot be eliminated but can be managed effectively in the
community. </span></span></span></div>
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;">
</span></span>
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span>
</span><br />
<div>
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
</span>
<br />
<div>
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="color: #eeeeee;"> - The Parole Board has welcomed changes to the rules around
transparency of Parole Board decisions. Now families can request summaries of
decisions made by the Parole Board. This will help to provide clarity as to how
the Parole Board arrived at its decision. - The Parole Board has been
working on increasing the information available to the public around the parole
process, including videos which now feature on the Parole Board’s websites and
work with the national prison radio. </span></span></div>
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
<span style="color: #eeeeee;"></span><br />
• Concern around ‘IPP trauma’. Prisoners can have several negative decisions,
this can end up with some giving up on the idea of parole. In addition, some
have complex needs (such as ADHD) and have anxiety about opening up about their
learning difficulties for fear that it will be perceived as a risk. Prisons
should have the same regime as Warren Hill. What can the Parole Board do
to help IPP’s? • It is felt that a logical parallel should be drawn between
schools and prisons. <br />
<br />
Parole Board comment: - HMP Warren Hill is a real success. HMPPS have found two
prisons – one in the West and one in the North who can roll out a similar
regime. The Parole Board is very supportive of this. - It is not within
the remit of the Parole Board to advise or make suggestions on the sentence
planning of offenders, this includes suggesting courses or work which the
offender can undertake on risk reduction. - The Parole Board
is working on improving public awareness and openness around the parole
process. People can go on to lead law abiding lives after committing serious
offences. In addition, just because something goes wrong in the community does
not necessarily mean that the Parole Board’s decision is wrong. This message how
not yet got across. <br />
<br />
• There is a concern that Probation have too many powers in the decision to
recall. <br />
<br />
Parole Board comment: - The Parole Board have written to MOJ ministers
regarding sensible options for IPP reforms, such as changing recall arrangements
and introducing a time cap (fixed period after recall). - The Parole Board
appreciates that there are natural justice questions for those who have short
tariffs, such as two years. <br />
</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br />
3 <br />
- From December 2016, those serving IPP sentences can be (and have been)
released on the papers by the Parole Board without the need for an oral
hearing. <br />
<br />
<br />
• Can the Parole Board take into account the fact that IPP is no longer a
sentencing option? It is difficult for some prisoners who are subject to an IPP
to see other prisoners come and go from prison who are post-2012 but were
convicted of a similar offence. <br />
<br />
Parole Board comment: - The Parole Board is not allowed to take into account
the fact the IPP sentences no longer exist as a sentencing option for the court.
However, over the last few years the Parole Board has been highlighting the
discrepancies between those who received an IPP sentence and those who are
serving determinate sentences. <br />
<br />
• There needs to be reasonable adjustments in prisons to help prisoners with
their parole paperwork. Some prisoners seek advice from other prisoners when
intermediaries should be involved. <br />
<br />
Parole Board comment: - The Parole Board can discuss this with the HMPPS to
help prisoners get access to the right people so that they can understand their
parole dossier. <br />
<br />
• What are complex cases? <br />
<br />
Parole Board comment: - A particular offence, such as a sexual offence should
not automatically be classified as complex, simply because of its nature. A
complex case may, for example, have a mental health element to it or may be
complex based on the individual facts of the case. <br /><br /><br />2016 - 2020 The Parole Board would like to thank Katherine, Michael and Ann for taking time
out to attend its offices on 28th June 2018.</span><br />
</span><br />
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</span>
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<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span></div>
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</span>
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="background-color: #fefdfa; color: #333333; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 107%; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b>The Parole Board Strategy 2016 -2020. </b></span></span></div>
<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;">
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</span>
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<span style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #fefdfa; background-image: none; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;"><b></b><i></i><u></u><sub></sub><sup></sup><strike></strike>https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/569399/Parole_Board_Strategy_2016-2020.pdf</span></div>
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</div>
</span><b>Assessing
Dangerousness</b></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></span></span></div>
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</span></span>
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<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span></span>
<br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b><u><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Section 229(2) CJA
2003 (as amended by section 17 CJIA 2008) sets out what matters the court can
take into account in assessing whether an offender is dangerous.</span></u></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></span></span></div>
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
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</span></span>
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<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Section 229(2):</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></span></span></div>
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span></span>
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<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span></span>
<br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b><i><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">"The court in
making the assessment referred to in subsection (1)(b) - <br />
a) must<u> </u></span></i></b><b><u><span style="background: yellow; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">take into account all such
information as is available</span></u></b><b><i><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"> to it about the
nature and circumstances of the offence, </span></i></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></span></span></div>
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span></span>
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</div>
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span></span>
<br />
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b><i><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">b) may take into
account all such information as is available to it about the nature and
circumstances of any other offences of which the offender has been convicted by
a court anywhere in the world, <br />
c) may take into account any information which is before it about any pattern
of behaviour of which any of the offences mentioned in paragraph (a) or (aa)
forms part, and </span></i></b><b><i><span style="background: yellow; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br />
</span></i></b><b><i><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">d) may take into account any information about the
offender which is before it. </span></i></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></span></span></div>
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
</span></span>
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</span></span>
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<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span></span></div>
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</span></span>
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</span></span>
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</span></span>
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</span></span>
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<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span></span></div>
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16.0pt;"><span style="background: #fefdfa; color: #333333; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">R v Considine and
Davis</span></i></b><b><span style="background: yellow; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"> [2008] 1 WLR 414 CA: When assessing dangerousness,
the sentencing court can take account of an alleged history of violence <u>which
is not substantiated or proved by previous convictions.</u></span></b><b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="background: yellow; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Johnson was
considered in </span></b><b><i><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">R v Pedley</span></i></b><b><span style="background: yellow; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"> [2010] 1 Cr App R
(S) 24 CA where the court emphasised that there was a measure of flexibility
within the concept of "significant risk".</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span style="background: yellow; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">In </span></u></b><b><i><u><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">R
v Considine; R v Davis</span></u></i></b><b><u><span style="background: yellow; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"> [2008] 1 WLR 414
CA it was said that the crucial word in section 229 is "information",
which is neither restricted to "evidence", nor limited to the
offender's previous convictions or a pattern of behaviour established by them.</span></u></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><a href="https://www.cps.gov.uk/legal-guidance/sentencing-dangerous-offenders"><b><span style="color: blue;">https://www.cps.gov.uk/legal-guidance/sentencing-dangerous-offenders</span></b><span style="color: blue;"><br />
</span></a></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">"Pattern of
behaviour" and "information about the offender"</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
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<b><u><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">This is not defined
in the Act and will be for the court to assess in each case. It could include
such information as any previous acquittals, complaints not prosecuted, and
police intelligence about behaviour. This information should be provided by the
police on Form MG 16 with the case file, and if not provided, should be
requested. Acquittals or discontinuances since 2002 are now recorded on PNC and
should be provided on Form MG 16.</span></u></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><i><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">R v Considine and
Davis</span></i></b><b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"> [2008] 1 WLR 414 CA: When assessing dangerousness,
the sentencing court can take account of an alleged history of violence which
is not substantiated or proved by previous convictions.</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br />
<a href="https://www.cps.gov.uk/legal-guidance/sentencing-dangerous-offenders#a09"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.cps.gov.uk/legal-guidance/sentencing-dangerous-offenders#a09</span></a></span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Assessing
Dangerousness</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Section 229(2) CJA
2003 (as amended by section 17 CJIA 2008) sets out what matters the court can
take into account in assessing whether an offender is dangerous.</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Section 229(2):</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><i><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">"The court in
making the assessment referred to in subsection (1)(b) -<br />
a) must take into account all such information as is available to it about the
nature and circumstances of the offence,<br />
b) may take into account all such information as is available to it about the
nature and circumstances of any other offences of which the offender has been
convicted by a court anywhere in the world,<br />
c) may take into account any information which is before it about any pattern
of behaviour of which any of the offences mentioned in paragraph (a) or (aa)
forms part, and<br />
d) may take into account any information about the offender which is before it.<br />
e) Section 229(2A): </span></i></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><i><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">The reference in
subsection 2(aa) to conviction by a court includes reference to<br />
a) a finding of guilt in service disciplinary proceedings, and<br />
b) a conviction of a service offence within the meaning of the Armed Forces Act
2006 ("conviction" here including anything that under section 376(1)
and (2) of that Act is to be treated as a conviction)." </span></i></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Since 14 July 2008,
the existence of previous convictions for specified offences no longer attracts
a presumption of dangerousness. However, it is still essential that information
about previous convictions is obtained and presented to the court. Previous
convictions for specified offences are almost certainly more likely to give
rise to a finding of dangerousness than are previous convictions for
non-specified offences.</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Note that the
absence of previous convictions is not decisive of the assessment of
dangerousness. In <i>R v Johnson</i>, the Court of Appeal commented that:</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><i><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">"...it was not
a prerequisite of a finding of dangerousness that the offender should be an
individual with previous convictions. A man of good character might properly
qualify for a sentence of imprisonment for public protection." </span></i></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Johnson was
considered in <i>R v Pedley</i> [2010] 1 Cr App R (S) 24 CA where the court
emphasised that there was a measure of flexibility within the concept of
"significant risk".</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">In <i>R v Considine;
R v Davis</i> [2008] 1 WLR 414 CA it was said that the crucial word in section
229 is "information", which is neither restricted to
"evidence", nor limited to the offender's previous convictions or a
pattern of behaviour established by them. However it is inappropariate to
embark on a Newton hearing to decide whether or not the defendant had committed
a discrete, but similar, offence to the one before the court, solely for the
purpose of making an assessment of dangerousness.</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Specified offences
committed before the implementation of the dangerous offender provisions could be
relevant in the overall assessment of dangerousness in the case of other linked
offences committed after the implementation date: <i>R v Robert Michael S and
others</i> [2007] EWCA Crim 1622 [also reported as <i>R v Harries and others</i>].</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">The court will need
to know, not only the facts of the case for which the offender is being
sentenced, but also the facts of all the previous convictions if they are
relevant to the assessment of dangerousness. This information should be
provided by the police in the case file on Form MG 16 for offenders charged
with specified offences, and should be requested if not provided. In the Crown
Court the antecedents should also set out the circumstances of the last 3
similar convictions (Consolidated Criminal Practice Direction Part III.27.3).</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<br /></div>
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</div>
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<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><a href="https://www.cps.gov.uk/legal-guidance/sentencing-dangerous-offenders#a07"><b><span style="color: blue;">https://www.cps.gov.uk/legal-guidance/sentencing-dangerous-offenders#a07</span></b></a></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Dangerousness</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">An offender is
dangerous if:</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><i><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">"the court is
of the opinion that there is a significant risk to members of the public of
serious harm occasioned by the commission by him of further specified
offences". </span></i></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">References: (section
225(1)(b), section 225(2)(b), section 226 (1)(b), section 226 (2)(b), section
227 (1)(b), section 228 (1)(b) CJA 2003)</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">"Significant
risk" is not defined in the legislation and will be for the court to
assess in each case. In the leading case of <i>R v Lang</i> [2005] EWCA Crim
2864, the Court of Appeal held that significant means noteworthy, of
considerable amount or importance. Risk must be to members of the public. This
is widely construed and can include the offender, particular groups of members
of the public such as co-habitees or abused children, and individuals.</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">In <i>Pedley, Martin
and Hamadi</i> [2009] 1 WLR 2517, the Court confirmed the indication given in <i>Lang</i>
that a "significant risk" presented a higher threshold than a mere
possibility of occurrence. "Significant" should be given its ordinary
English meaning of "noteworthy" or "of considerable amount or
importance". The Court did not think any further re-definition of the term
would be helpful. In particular, they rejected the invitation of counsel for
the appellants to re-define it in terms of numerical probability or any other
percentage of likelihood. The Court also found that a sentence of IPP imposed
when the judge is satisfied that the defendant poses a significant risk of
serious harm to the public is wholly compatible with both article 3 and article
5(1)(a) of the European Convention.</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">In <i>R v Johnson</i>
[2006] EWCA Crim 2486, the Court of Appeal following the judgement in Lang,
held that the sentence of imprisonment for public protection was concerned with
future risk and the future protection of the public, and not with punishing the
present offending. The court emphasised that within the concept of
"significant risk" there is a measure of flexibility which
allows a judge to conclude that a somewhat lower probability of particularly
grave harm may be significant and conversely that a somewhat greater probability
of less grave harm may not be. Johnson was followed in <i>R v MJ</i> [2012]
EWCA Crim 132 which emphasised that on the issue of public safety, the decision
made at the sentencing hearing is required to address the future.</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
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</div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Serious Harm</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">"Serious
harm" means death or serious personal injury, whether physical or
psychological section 224 (3) CJA 2003. In Lang, the Court of Appeal indicated
that previous authorities would continue to be relevant in this regard.</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Where offences are
serious specified offences, the fact that they have been deemed to be serious
offences for Schedule 15 purposes does not mean that there is automatically a
risk of serious harm. For example, an offence of robbery may give rise to
serious harm or it may not, depending on the circumstances. The carrying of a
lethal weapon such as a real firearm or a knife (as in <i>Lang</i>) may well
support an assessment that there is a significant risk of serious harm, but
where threats are used but without actual violence, and there is no evidence of
serious psychological harm, then such circumstances may not support such an
assessment: <i>R v Lang</i>.</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">In <i>R v Owen</i>
(above) reminded sentencers that some risk of serious harm is not enough. The
test is the existence of a significant risk, enough to warrant a sentence which
may never end.</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">In (non-serious)
specified offences there will be few cases where the significant risk of
serious harm will be present. Repetitive sexual or violent offending at low
level without serious harm is not dangerous: <i>R v Lang</i>; <i>R v Terrell</i>
[2008] Cr App R (S) 49; <i>R v Hicks</i> [2009] EWCA Crim 733. However, the
definition of serious harm is case specific: minor offences of gradually
escalating seriousness might be significant in the assessment of future risk: <i>R
v Johnson</i>.</span></b><span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span style="background: white; color: #474747; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b>In <i>Johnson </i>the
Court of Appeal also held that it did not automatically follow from the absence
of actual harm caused by an offender to date, that the risk that he would cause
serious harm in the future was negligible. The Court held that the case of <i>R
v Shaffi</i> [2006] 2 Cr. App. R. (S) 92 was not authority for the proposition
that as a matter of law, offences which did not result in harm to the victim
should be treated as irrelevant in the assessment of dangerousness.</b><br />
<br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: orange; font-size: 22.0pt; line-height: 107%;">GPS tagging goes live</span></b></span></div>
<span style="background: white; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: orange;"></span></span><br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: &quot; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: orange;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: orange;">Set out the criteria for GPS tagging, IPP prisoners </span></b></span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="background: white; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: orange;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span><span style="color: orange; font-family: "quot"; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"></span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: &quot; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
</span><br />
</span></span><br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: &quot; font-size: 18.66px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">
<span style="background: white; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="color: orange;"><span style="color: orange;">Location monitoring will be
available for: court-imposed bail, community orders, suspended sentence orders,
home detention curfew cases and Parole Board cases for life sentences, IPP
(imprisonment for public protection) offences and extended determinate
sentences.</span></span></span></div>
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Last Friday (15 February 2019),
Justice Secretary David Gaule announced the national roll out of new GPS tags
which will provide 24/7 location monitoring of offenders with the stated aims
of helping to strengthen supervision, enforce exclusion zones and “give victims
greater peace of mind”. who will be eligible for tags?</span></span></div>
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<span style="background: white; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">IPP prisoners 10 year licence </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "quot";"><span style="font-size: 14px;">https://you.38degrees.org.uk/petitions/free-the-remaining-ipp-prisoners?fbclid=IwAR12yWzx_sToS_iR4ymaTMNm58-qTr0p6CjhNwcTs6zxp8Hh2Sn_mRkCUqY</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/PressPolicy/News/Deathsincustody</span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">https://www.inquest.org.uk/tommy-nicol-opening</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">https://insidetime.org/ipp-affecting-mental-health/</span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/similar/request/ipp_imprisonment_for_public_prot</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">file:///C:/Users/KATHER~1/AppData/Local/Temp/Prison%20the%20facts%20Summer%202019.pdf</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">https://www.adamsmith.org/blog/does-justice-have-a-price</span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">http://www.thinkingautismguide.com/2017/04/what-happens-to-autistic-people-in.html</span></span></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">https://www.communitycare.co.uk/2008/09/17/indefinite-sentences-trap-inmates-with-mental-health-needs-in-jail/</span></span></span></div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #474747; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "georgia" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="https://www.cps.gov.uk/legal-guidance/sentencing-dangerous-offenders#a07"><span style="color: blue; font-size: 12pt;">https://www.cps.gov.uk/legal-guidance/sentencing-dangerous-offenders#a07</span></a></span></span></span></div>
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katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8293011889770348192.post-67359744839921620312019-06-13T18:08:00.001+01:002019-07-15T09:33:48.050+01:00IPP prisoners acquirIng mental health after serving mutabal sentences due to government failings<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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"We demand urgent action from government to ensure that their is no more deaths and to end the multiple deaths under IPP. </h3>
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Listen to the<u> <span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></u><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><a aria-label="IPP Sentences Debate by Tan Dhesi MP 1 day ago 22 minutes 2 views" class="yt-simple-endpoint style-scope ytd-video-renderer" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a0DgASfD2Tk" id="video-title" style="font-weight: normal;" title="IPP Sentences Debate">IPP Sentences Debate</a> </span></span>Published on 11 Jun 2019 , <a class="yt-simple-endpoint style-scope yt-formatted-string" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCbydwtisJBdBuZDCt5Dcx_w" spellcheck="false">Dhesi MP</a></h3>
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<yt-formatted-string class="style-scope ytd-video-renderer" id="description-text"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a0DgASfD2Tk" style="text-align: left;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a0DgASfD2Tk</a> (<span class="bold style-scope yt-formatted-string">IPP</span>) sentences were banned in 2012. Yet over 2400 <span class="bold style-scope yt-formatted-string">IPP prisoners</span> remain in custody, despite ...</yt-formatted-string>
The mental health burden that many IPP prisoners face, whilst remaining imprisoned
indefinitely has resulted in an increased risk of feeling depressed and
suicidal /death for prisoners.
We need a criminal justice system that is proportionate, fair and
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Mental Health Aggravated by failings in the criminal justice system</h2>
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<span style="color: #cccccc; font-family: "arial" , "tahoma" , "helvetica" , "freesans" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14.85px;">Wayne Bell story</span></span><b style="color: #cccccc; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"> continued </b><span style="color: #cccccc; font-family: "arial" , "tahoma" , "helvetica" , "freesans" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px; font-weight: normal;"><img border="0" data-original-height="474" data-original-width="615" height="153" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-MCNsgA7g59s/XMmWQJADs0I/AAAAAAAARCo/sFxpLV_YPT8Hw-VJgARKvz4Wo6oJNC7GQCLcBGAs/s200/1_JSR_MEN_040419wayne_02.jpg" width="200" /> </span><span style="color: #cccccc; font-family: "arial" , "tahoma" , "helvetica" , "freesans" , sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14.85px;"> in parliament</span></span></h4>
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<b><span style="color: #444444;">BRIEFING PAPER</span></b>
Number 6086, 6 June 2019
Sentences of
Imprisonment for Public
Protection</div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Katherine/Downloads/SN06086.pdf">file:///C:/Users/Katherine/Downloads/SN06086.pdf</a><br />
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The story of another young man recalled back to prison led to tragic consequences the sentence does give us a very clear insight into the mental harm the IPP Sentence causes as Shane committed suicide two days before he was due to be released. </h2>
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<span style="text-align: justify;">It was said he was worried that he would be recalled once again if probation put in a half way house in his release that would cause him to reoffered .</span><br />
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<span style="text-align: justify;">"<span style="background-color: white; color: #141414; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "open sans" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Nick Armstrong, who represents the grieving family, told the hearing: "Shane was 19 when he went to prison for a sentence with a maximum term of 30 months. He was still in prison nine years later.</span></span></div>
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Shane was initially jailed for assault at the age of 19.Shane was given an sentence of two and a half years before consideration for release. He was seriously over tariff causing him mental health he was due to be released two days before his death. </div>
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"Inquest into death of HMP Nottingham inmate hears evidence from prison governor?</div>
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Who said at the time, he was under ' constant supervision? He say he tried to o win the trust of a troubled inmate in the days leading up to his death in a cell. At the time, he was under "constant supervision." He appeared depressed and withdrawn and he was not eating properly.</div>
<div class="section-theme-background-indicator publication-font" itemprop="headline name" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="section-theme-background-indicator publication-font" itemprop="headline name" style="text-align: justify;">
Assistant Coroner Ivan Cartwright, who is conducting the hearing in
front of a jury, said: </div>
<div class="section-theme-background-indicator publication-font" itemprop="headline name" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b>
<b>"It sounds like absolute crisis point for Shane."</b>governor Ms Searson-Smith replied: "I would agree."</div>
<div class="section-theme-background-indicator publication-font" itemprop="headline name" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
She said that she worked hard to discover his problems and told the hearing: "I did think we had a bit of a rapport."<br />
<br /></div>
<img alt="" content="https://i2-prod.nottinghampost.com/incoming/article2003632.ece/ALTERNATES/s615/3__140918_MWP_TEM_Picket-Line-at-HMP-Nottingham-_03.jpg" height="424" src="https://i2-prod.nottinghampost.com/incoming/article2003632.ece/ALTERNATES/s615/3__140918_MWP_TEM_Picket-Line-at-HMP-Nottingham-_03.jpg" srcset="https://i2-prod.nottinghampost.com/incoming/article2003632.ece/ALTERNATES/s508/3__140918_MWP_TEM_Picket-Line-at-HMP-Nottingham-_03.jpg 508w, https://i2-prod.nottinghampost.com/incoming/article2003632.ece/ALTERNATES/s810/3__140918_MWP_TEM_Picket-Line-at-HMP-Nottingham-_03.jpg 810w" width="640" /><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
Shane problem was one of a group of IPP prisoner over tariff he had lost hope with the constant knock backs from parole that caused his mental health that not easy to discover. katherine gleeson</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Mr Stroughton was in a single cell and had been under constant supervision for ten days.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
He was not confined to the cell and climbed onto safety netting,
which is installed to prevent inmates from falling from landings and
getting hurt.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Ms Searson-Smith, who is a duty governor, was
called and said: "He mouthed the word 'sorry,' showing he was engaging."
After he came safely down, he was moved into a quiet area so he could
have "a bit of dignity."</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
She said that Mr Stroughton wanted to be moved to Delta Wing where he
had some friends and was still o supervision but "wanted to come off constant supervision. "Miss Searson-Smith said: "There were a lot of positives for Shane. He spoke very passionately about his mum.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
He was found hanged in his cell . He was the first of
five men of this group to be found dead in the prison within four weeks.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
"The tragedy is that he was due to be released on , two days later. "The inquest continues.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I think its important to remember that although he was convicted of an assault he was still a teenager. who had served his sentence over and over until he got absolute crisis .<br />
<br />
<br />
Up date from the said staff <a href="https://www.nottinghampost.com/news/nottingham-news/inmate-found-dead-cell-hmp-2952418">https://www.nottinghampost.com/news/nottingham-news/inmate-found-dead-cell-hmp-2952418</a></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<h1 class="section-theme-background-indicator publication-font" itemprop="headline name">
</h1>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
.......................................................................</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
</h3>
<div>
<br /></div>
<h2>
Tim Bowman received a 2 year IPP sentence in 2005 and released in July 2013</h2>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The effect of being over tariff was life changing along with a 10 year licence but despite this Tim secured a job and accommodation he finally building his life back up with his family and the community .<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
But this all changed on the 10th of June 2019 when the police arrived at the home. Unknown to him he was being recalled back to the prison the place he was trapped in so many years ago.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Probation reported poor behaviour in there notes. The family stated he had done nothing wrong but complain to probation that they was not supportive and had stooped him seeing his friends and playing football, preventing him enjoying activities he enjoyed that was import for his health. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<br />
Mum Valery who is 81 years and father 82 both with have health concerns cant understand this sentence , they just came and took from our home I'm concerned for him I don't know where they have taken him and how I will see him. He had a job you know what will happen know? We don't have internet we have no news.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: orange;"><b><i>"When do you start sending people to prison for their behaviour rather than a crime!</i></b></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Rehabilitation a prisoner</b></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<ol class="lr_dct_sf_sens">
<li><div class="vmod">
<div class="lr_dct_sf_sen Uekwlc XpoqFe">
<div style="margin-left: 20px;">
<div class="PNlCoe XpoqFe" style="margin-left: -20px;">
<div data-dobid="dfn" style="display: inline;">
the action of restoring someone to health or normal life through training and therapy after imprisonment, the action of restoring someone to former privileges or reputation. the action of restoring something that has been damaged to its former condition.</div>
<div data-dobid="dfn" style="display: inline;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<br />
Recall is one of the subjects at the meeting last year that the parole board said they would address? so we need to find out what has gone wrong . sending people to prison because you don't like the way they behave is an abuse of the sentence.Non of us are perfect are they going to send every body .This case is abuse and discriminative. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Probation officer have realise that IPP prisoners are often under considerable pressure on release with money issues, housing, job, insurance, building relationships, and major restrictions and riles as well as the licence and likely hood of being recalled by anyone of the probation officers who never get to know a person. often suffering post traumatic stress disorder <span class="st">than the general population,</span> anxiety is high not knowing when they will be recalled and with struggles there up against. support is lacking as is even cancelling or rehabilitation. They don't need go through any further trauma by being recalled . There bound to behave differently day to day as any one would with trauma, those are just mending and trying to cope with day to day challenges.I shall be keeping an eye on this case and expect to see this man released .<br />
<br />
katherine gleeson<br />
<br />
<br />
............................................................................................<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: orange; font-family: "calibri";">New Statesman </span></b></div>
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: orange; font-family: "calibri";">(IPP) sentences were ruled a violation of human
rights</span></b></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "calibri";">On Charlie’s Nokes 30th birthday she
was given an IPP sentence and was due to serve 16 months at HMP Peterborough.
Nine years later, in July 2016, she died in prison. Certainly not the type of
crimes that would see her die in prison under a 99-year Indefinite Prison
Sentence. years since the IPP’s implementation, and five years since it
was abolished, its creator Lord David Blunkett says he made a mistake.
““Guantanamo Bay? That’s possibly a bit far, but in terms of it being a
festering injustice that has not been properly dealt with then, yes,” says
Andrew Neilson of The Howard League for Penal Reform, the IPP sentence is
“comparable”. </span></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "calibri";"><span style="color: orange;">A life licence<span style="mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> “horror story”</span></span></span></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange; font-family: "calibri";">Even upon release, IPP prisoners must live under a
ten-year life licence.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange; font-family: "calibri";">This requires a former prisoner to report to
probation services at regular intervals for ten years. If a former
prisoner does not attend for any reason, including, as Gleeson points out,
problems with time-keeping due to learning difficulties, which approximately 80
per cent of the prison population are living with, they can be
re-incarcerated.December 2015, after Kipp had been officially released from
prison, that he experienced the real IPP “horror story”. He had a shouting
match in the street with a neighbour and was immediately recalled to prison,
even though he wasn’t guilty of an offence. He remembers: “Even the judge was
saying this is absolutely ridiculous.” He blames the Parole Board for his
unnecessary incarceration. Kipp was meant to have a hearing two weeks after he
went to court, but no one notified him or his solicitor that it was happening.
So that date passed and he was given another date in April, but a member of the
Parole Board couldn’t make the hearing, for one reason or another – he wasn’t
really told. “I was supposed to have another one in July and something else
happened. In the end I got one in August,” Kipp says. Even though he was
awarded £2,500 compensation from the Parole Board, he says: “That’s irrelevant,
you can’t get back 11 months. For others there 10 years over tariff and
more when recalled.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange; font-family: "calibri";">Howard League of Penal Reform’s , as
they see more cases like Kipp’s occurring.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange; font-family: "calibri";">“We’re already aware of people under
the licence being recalled to custody for things like missing appointments, not
new crimes, but breaching administrative conditions,” says Nielson. He
continues: “They haven’t committed murder or very violent crimes; some of the
IPPs, as well documented, are people who were prosecuted for arson because they
set fire to a bin. Should someone in that circumstance, never mind get an
indeterminate sentence, have a life licence when they get released?” </span></span></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: orange; font-family: "calibri";">says Kipp. “People pick up the <i>Inside
Time</i> [prison] magazine and just read horror stories, horror stories,
horror stories and then after a bit of time… that’s you.” </span></span></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Family of
Charlie</span></div>
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<span style="color: orange;"></span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange; font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">It’s
something that bothers me and all of us really att just 37 years old, Charlie’s
mental health was deemed so poor. The family believe she should not of been in
prison. It’s something that bothers me and all of us really.”
“I'm unsure if she tried to kill herself. There were just prescribed
drugs in her system, ” says Rachel, who is now waiting on further toxicology
and mental health reports to see if her sister was on the correct types and
doses of medication. Charlotte was still my sister, Mum and Dad’s daughter.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
...........................................................................<br />
<br /></div>
<h2 class="section-theme-background-indicator publication-font" itemprop="headline name" style="text-align: left;">
Whilst serving a 15 month IPP sentence A Woman Died In Prison Six Years Beyond The Sentence For Her Crime. At HM Peterborough </h2>
<div class="section-theme-background-indicator publication-font" itemprop="headline name">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Charlotte Nokes had serious mental health problems and died in
Peterborough prison after being held more than six years beyond her
sentence for her crime.
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Charlotte "Charlie" Nokes died in Peterborough prison aged 38 . She had serious mental health problems and was serving IPP sentence . 15-month minimum custodial time for street robbery in January 2008, she was still in prison more than eight years later.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
They also expect it to examine her mental health treatment, whether her
cell observations were sufficient and the temperature in her cell.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Nokes' family was shocked to discover that, despite not earning enough
to afford a lawyer, they do not qualify for legal aid to cover the work
preparing for the inquest, because the means test is so stringent. The
situation has forced them to crowdfund the cost of their lawyer
preparing a case. They hope to be granted exceptional case funding to
cover the inquest itself and plan to put in an application.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
We are raising funds to pay for a legal team to represent us at my sister's inquest hearing in June 2019.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Nokes’ sister, Rachel Hammerton, said she had been attempting to prepare
a case alone without a lawyer but was increasingly daunted at the
prospect as more information came to light. She estimates that she and
her husband, who both work, have a joint household income of around
£38,000 and a house they own with a mortgage. The sums put them outside
the bracket for means tested legal aid.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“You don't just have a spare ten grand sitting around. It would mean remortgaging my house which you don’t want to do with two children,”
Hammerton said. “I’m cross that we have to do this. It shouldn’t be
necessary, it should just be you get someone representing you because it
happened under government care.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“The prison is going to have a whole legal team and the NHS is going to
have a whole legal team. Can you imagine as a family going up against
that? Isn’t an inquest meant to be getting to the truth? As a family we
want some answers to explain why a 38-year-old died.”</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The means test threshold for legal aid has not been updated since 2010
and is considered a factor in the rising number of people representing
themselves in court because it does not reflect the current cost of
living. As part of its <a href="https://www.buzzfeed.com/emilydugan/review-of-legal-aid-scraps-phone-vetting">review of Laspo</a>, the MoJ has begun a review of the means test.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
"Meanwhile the state agents will ultimately be paid by the taxpayer. families being in an unequal position when participating in the inquest.”</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
IPP was brought in by the 2005 Labour government as a way to extend
the sentences of offenders guilty of serious sexual and violent crimes.
In reality it was used much more widely by judges and after years of
outcry it was abolished in 2012 by the Coalition. But there are still <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/offender-management-statistics-quarterly-october-to-december-2018" target="_blank">more than 2,400 people</a> in prison on IPP sentences, having been handed them before the law changed in 2012.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Mulcair
said: “This case raises important issues about sentence planning for
those who remain on IPP sentences and the treatment of prisoners with
severe and enduring mental health problems. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Charlotte had served more
than 6 years over her tariff. In January 2015, the Parole Board </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
her mental health treatment It does not appear that this took place. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
In addition to ascertaining Charlotte’s medical cause of death, it is
understood that the issues to be investigated at the inquest include the
treatment of Charlotte’s poor mental health, the sufficiency of
Charlotte’s cell observations and the temperature of her cell.
Charlotte’s family are particularly concerned about the potential impact
on Charlotte’s<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.buzzfeed.com/emilydugan/ministry-justice-staff-buzzfeed-journalist-bitch">https://www.buzzfeed.com/emilydugan/ministry-justice-staff-buzzfeed-journalist-bitch</a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The inquest begins on the 18th of June at Huntingdon Coroners Court.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The charity Inquest, which is supporting Nokes’ family, is <a href="https://www.inquest.org.uk/legal-aid-for-inquests" target="_blank">campaigning for legal aid for all families at inquests into state-related deaths</a>, such as those in prison or police custody.<br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://img.buzzfeed.com/buzzfeed-static/static/2019-05/20/6/asset/buzzfeed-prod-web-04/sub-buzz-7752-1558348890-1.jpg?downsize=800:*&output-format=auto&output-quality=auto" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Charlotte Nokes as a teenager" border="0" class="subbuzz__media-image js-subbuzz__media js-progressive-image js-pinnable xs-col-12 xs-block img--loaded" data-bfa="@o:{ignore:[bfaBinder]};" data-crop="67.20" data-loaded="1" data-mobile-crop="67.27" data-mobile-src="https://img.buzzfeed.com/buzzfeed-static/static/2019-05/20/6/asset/buzzfeed-prod-web-04/sub-buzz-7752-1558348890-1.jpg?resize=990:666" data-pin-media="https://img.buzzfeed.com/buzzfeed-static/static/2019-05/20/6/asset/buzzfeed-prod-web-04/sub-buzz-7752-1558348890-1.jpg?downsize=800:*&output-format=auto&output-quality=auto" data-span="1" data-src="https://img.buzzfeed.com/buzzfeed-static/static/2019-05/20/6/asset/buzzfeed-prod-web-04/sub-buzz-7752-1558348890-1.jpg" src="https://img.buzzfeed.com/buzzfeed-static/static/2019-05/20/6/asset/buzzfeed-prod-web-04/sub-buzz-7752-1558348890-1.jpg?downsize=800:*&output-format=auto&output-quality=auto" /></a></div>
<div style="border-image: none;">
A
spokesperson for the charity said: “Inquests following state related
deaths are intended to seek truth and expose unsafe practices. Charlie’s
experiences in prison, including serving an IPP sentence so long over
tariff, must be scrutinised. </div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
""Without legal representation for bereaved families at inquests, the
opportunity to expose any failures, and prevent ongoing harms for those
in similar circumstances, is severely limited.""</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“Bereaved families face a protracted and distressing application process
for legal aid at a time when they are grieving, and many are forced to
crowdfund. This is in contrast to the unlimited funds available to state agencies from the public purse. </div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
INQUEST, alongside a range of supporters, are calling on the government
to urgently introduce automatic non-means tested legal aid funding to
bereaved families following a state-related death.”</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
A Ministry of Justice spokesperson said:we are making changes to ensure there’s more support for bereaved families and conducting a review of the means test.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Continued <a href="https://www.inquest.org.uk/legal-aid-for-inquests">https://www.inquest.org.uk/legal-aid-for-inquests</a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: orange;">Just allowed to die in prison</span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Prisoners face a 'year-long' wait to access secure beds in psychiatric hospitals, despite guidance stating they should be transferred within 14 days.</h3>
<div class="storytext" style="text-align: justify;">
The long waiting times were exposed after a woman at a privately-run prison in Surrey self-harmed more than once a day for six months, but was not transferred to a hospital bed. Kirsty Walker, 26, later died in a local acute hospital after she was found unresponsive with a ligature round her neck at HMP Bronzefield in Surrey in 2015.</div>
<div class="storytext" style="text-align: justify;">
Anna Crawford, assistant coroner for Surrey, <a href="https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Kirsty-WALKER-2018-0396_Redacted.pdf" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">issued a prevention of future deaths report</a> after hearing the average time for transfer to a secure hospital was two to three months at Bronzefield, which she said was comparable to other prisons. However, the inquest also heard that, in London, this wait was 10 to 12 months on average.</div>
<div class="storytext" style="text-align: justify;">
A 2009 review <a href="https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20130123195930/http:/www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_098694" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">by Lord Bradley into the experience of people with mental health problems or learning disabilities in the criminal justice system</a> recommended prisoners be transferred to a hospital within 14 days if they are assessed as being detainable under the Mental Health Act 1982. The government reiterated this 14-day timeline in good practice guidance in 2011.</div>
<div class="storytext" style="text-align: justify;">
Ms Crawford asked both health and social care secretary Matt Hancock and NHS England chief executive Simon Stevens to explain what actions they were going to take and set out a timescale for them. She expressed concerns the average transfer times were “well in excess” of the 14 days recommended and warned this presented a risk of future deaths.</div>
<div class="storytext" style="text-align: justify;">
NHS England medical director Stephen Powis responded, saying NHSE was reviewing the guidelines around transfer to provide more “clinically informed timescales”. Local systems are also becoming more responsive with budget management being devolved to low and medium security services, he said.</div>
<div class="storytext" style="text-align: justify;">
An NHS England spokesman said: “A number of pieces of work are being undertaken, including improved performance management and increased collection and analysis of data – alongside a demand and capacity review in relation to adult high, medium and low secure services.</div>
<div class="storytext" style="text-align: justify;">
“Those initiatives, when complete, should lead to improved access to adult secure beds and reductions in length of stay.”</div>
<div class="storytext" style="text-align: justify;">
In its response, the Department of Health and Social Care referenced the work NHS England was carrying out.</div>
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Ms Walker was serving a nine-month prison sentence for breaching an anti-social behaviour order at HMP Bronzefield, which is run by Sodexo Justice Services. She had previously been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder and had a history of self-harming. On 25 March 2015, the day after she entered prison, Ms Walker was managed under the prison’s suicide and self-harm prevention procedures. </div>
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Between 25 March and 25 September 2015, Ms Walker self-harmed 235 times, with 215 of these incidences involving ligatures. On 25 September, she was found unresponsive in her cell and died two days later at nearby St Peter’s Hospital. An inquest jury concluded her death was accidental.</div>
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The prison contracted secondary mental health services to Central and North West London Foundation Trust. The trust, which was not criticised in the report, declined to comment. </div>
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<a href="https://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-question/Commons/2019-01-28/213294/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Around 1,000 English and Welsh prisoners are transferred to hospitals each year</a> because they are experiencing severe mental health problems. Figures released by the Ministry of Justice in April 2019 showed in the 12 months to March 2019, <a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/797074/safety-custody-bulletin-q4-2018.pdf" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">87 of the 317 deaths in prison were self-inflicted</a>. <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Source 2019 </span></span><a href="https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Kirsty-WALKER-2018-0396_Redacted.pdf" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Coroner’s report</a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 107%;">Elizabeth Moody Deputy Prisons and Probation Ombudsman December 2018</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Young man Tyrone Givans died on 26 February 2018, after being found hanged in his cell at HMP Pentonville. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"> Tyrone was profoundly deaf, "staff did not make any meaningful efforts to obtain his hearing aids. Nor did they consider how his disability increased his vulnerability or whether any reasonable adjustments were needed.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"> It is extremely disappointing that Mr Givans was not referred to the dedicated equalities officer at Pentonville, who could have put measures in place to support him and reduce his likely sense of isolation and insecurity. </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Mr Givans</span> his is a troubling investigation. was at Pentonville for less than three weeks. He had several factors which increased his risk to himself when he first arrived there. I am concerned that staff did not sufficiently consider these risk factors. As I often find, there was an over-reliance on Mr Givans’ presentation and assurances that he had no thoughts of suicide or self-harm. </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;">Mr Givans felt under threat, this was not documented and no action was taken to address his concerns </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">It is hard not to conclude that the absence of meaningful contact with Mr Givans by prison staff meant that opportunities to identify and understand the issues which led to him killing himself may very well have been missed. On that basis, I consider that the Governor should review the operation and management who which clearly failed to provide Tyrone with the support for his disability.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">This version of my report, published on my website, has been amended to remove the names of the staff and prisoners involved in my investigation. One of hundreds of family left with no legal aid to fight for there love one, so I'm sure the defence will win as a result.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Dominic</span> was found hanged in his cell at HMP Leeds on 13 November 2017. He was taken to hospital, where he remained in intensive care until he died on 22 November 2017. He was 33 years </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Although suicide and self-harm prevention procedures were in place, the investigation found that Mr Comfort did not receive appropriate mental health care while at Leeds. We are concerned that this is not the first time that we have found deficiencies in mental health provision in prisons</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Michael Towers</span> was found hanged in his cell in the segregation unit at HMP Bedford on 2 September 2017 age 31 . Michael had a personality disorder. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">As a result, he had been segregated for nearly two months when he died. we found some failings in the management. </span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Andrew Craig</span> died on 16 September 2016 of buprenorphine and diazepam toxicity at HMP Guys Marsh. Mr Craig was 30 years old. I offer my condolences to Mr Craig’s family and friends. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Although Mr Craig’s care, was mostly equivalent to that he could have expected to receive in the community, it is with grave concern that I have to make so many recommendations covering other areas. It is even more concerning that some of these recommendations relate to issues I have raised with Guys Marsh many times before - and are matters on which the Prison Service’s own national instructions have been clear for so long. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">""The mental health team appear to have missed opportunities to see Mr Craig, staff did either not complete or act upon intelligence reports, prison policy relating to actions on receipt of intelligence reports is unclear, an officer did not check Craig’s wellbeing at unlock, a code blue was not called at the earliest opportunity and a hot debrief meeting does not appear to have been held after the event to offer staff support. I make a number of recommendations covering these areas. </span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Luke Punchard</span> On the morning of 2 June, prison staff discovered Mr Luke Punchard hanging in his cell in the segregation unit at HMP Norwich. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">We recognise that Mr Punchard’s behaviour made him very difficult to manage. However, we are concerned that his frequent moves between prisons meant that the total length of time he had spent in segregation was not recognised. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">no care plan was drawn up to support his mental health, and no one prison took responsibility for trying to develop a long-term approach to his apparently irrational fear of normal location. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Sriskantharajah</span> was found hanged in his cell at HMP Wormwood Scrubs on 1 June 2017. He was 19 years old. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">However, there were procedural failings during the roll check and at unlock and a number of deficiencies in the emergency response. We are concerned that it is not the first time that that we have identified such shortcomings at Wormwood Scrubs. Even though it is highly unlikely that the delay in finding Mr Sriskantharajah affected the outcome for him, it is critical that prison staff carry out a full roll check and are aware of their responsibility when unlocking cells as early intervention can save lives. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">We are also concerned that nursing staff at Wormwood Scrubs tried to resuscitate Mr Sriskantharajah inappropriately when there were clear signs that he was dead. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Wormwood Scrubs has twice accepted our previous recommendations to address failures in knowing when resuscitation is appropriate, and the Governor and Head of Healthcare must now address this issue robustly. </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: orange;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="color: orange;"><span style="color: #3d85c6;">Rayan </span>was found hanged in his cell at HMP Swinfen Hall on 8
May 2017. He was20 years old. Staff at HMYOI Brinsford opened Prison Service
suicide and self-harm prevention procedures in April 2017, but did not comply
with some basic aspects of these eprocedures. When he was later transferred to
Swinfen Hall, Mr Rayan spent much of his time alone in his cell. Rayan’s case
reviews, which should have considered his current risk of suicide and self-harm
and sought ways to reduce that risk, were not multi disciplinary and did not
put in place suitable plans to reduce his risk. We are concerned that staffdid
not consider all of the information available to them. Condolences to all the
family and friends.</span> </span><br />
</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="color: orange;">20 IPP deaths the real scale of IPP deaths I'm informed its more other groups are in the hundreds over tariff those with learning disabilities or complex conditions are doing double sentences then those without a disability and are said to be way over there sentences causing those dire mental lack of help leading them suicide</span> </span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #cccccc;"><span style="background-color: #cccccc;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><b>House of commons Sentences of Imprisonment for Public Protection Published Thursday, June 6, 2019. </b></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><b>The Coalition Government abolished the much criticised sentences of imprisonment for public protection (IPPs) in 2012. However, the change was not made retrospective, and around 2,400 prisoners were still serving IPPs in March 2019. There have been calls for change.</b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><b style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">What are IPPs?</b></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">Sentences of Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPPs) were introduced by the last Labour Government from 2005. They were designed to ensure that dangerous violent and sexual offenders stayed in custody for as long as they presented a risk to society. Under the system, a person who had committed a specified violent or sexual offence would be given an IPP if the offence was not so serious as to merit a life sentence. Once they had served their “tariff” they would have to satisfy the Parole Board that they no longer posed a risk before they could be released.</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><b style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Criticisms of the sentence</b></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">The main concerns about IPPs were that:</span></span></span></span></span></div>
<ul style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin: 15px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">
<li style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Some less serious offenders were given very short tariffs but then have been kept in prison for a long time after these have expired</li>
<li style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The prison and parole systems could not cope with the need to give all these short‑tariff prisoners appropriate access to rehabilitative and resettlement programmes so that they could demonstrate they were no longer a risk to society</li>
<li style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The administrative delays resulted in uncertainty and perceived injustice for prisoners and litigation</li>
<li style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The rapid increase in the numbers of those on IPPs contributed to prison overcrowding, which in turn exacerbated the problems with providing rehabilitation</li>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><b style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">IPPs were abolished in 2012, but not for existing prisoners</b></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin: 15px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">The Coalition Government abolished sentences of imprisonment for public protection for offenders convicted on or after 3 December 2012, calling the system “not defensible”. It replaced them with different sentences for dangerous offenders. However the change was not made retrospective. It didn’t apply to existing prisoners serving those sentences at the time. At the end of March 2019 there were still around 2,400 prisoners serving IPPs.</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><b style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Pressure for further change</b></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">Former Justice Secretaries Ken Clarke and Michael Gove have called for reforms. The Chairman of the Parole Board set out in November 2016 how the Board can reduce the numbers of IPP prisoners but also suggested possible ways that the Government could take action if it wanted further reductions. This could be done by revising the risk test (either for all IPP prisoners or for those with short tariffs) or releasing IPP prisoners who have now served longer than the maximum current sentence for their offence. </span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin: 15px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">In a thematic review, Her Majesty’s Chief Inspector of Prisons, Peter Clarke, said it was “widely accepted that implementation of the sentence was flawed” and that “decisive action” was needed for reasons of cost, “fairness and justice” and to relieve pressures on the system.</span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin: 15px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">Government statements have pointed to “encouraging” progress” with reducing the numbers serving IPPs but point out the need to balance this progress with the potential dangers such prisoners can pose.</span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="border-image: none; border: 0px currentColor; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12.8px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin: 15px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">Recently concerns have been raised about the numbers of recalls to prison of IPP prisoners following their release...</span></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 24pt;">Mental anguish’ and wider
problems with IPP sentences<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><b><span style="background: rgb(254 , 249 , 245); color: #121212; font-family: "" "georgia" "" , serif; font-size: 18pt;">Nicolas Sanderson</span></b><span style="background: rgb(254 , 249 , 245); color: #121212; font-family: "" "georgia" "" , serif; font-size: 15pt;">, who was involved in the
creation of the sentence, corrects a common mistake. </span><b><span style="background: rgb(254 , 249 , 245); color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 15pt;">Mark Day</span></b><span style="background: rgb(254 , 249 , 245); color: #121212; font-family: "" "georgia" "" , serif; font-size: 15pt;"> says the government should
eradicate this stain on our justice system</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 13.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="background: rgb(254 , 249 , 245); color: #121212; font-family: "" "georgia" "" , serif; font-size: 15pt;">‘IPP prisoners are more than
twice as likely to self-harm as people serving determinate sentences,’ writes
Mark Day of the Prison Reform Trust. Photograph: Dan Kitwood/PA</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: #121212; font-size: 15pt;">I would like to correct a widely repeated mistake
about the indeterminate sentence for public protection (IPP), to the effect
that it was “applied far more widely than intended” (<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/jan/10/family-ipp-prisoner-tommy-nicol-indeterminate-sentence" title=""><span style="color: #e05e00;">‘Psychological torture’: call for reform
after jail death</span></a>, 10 January). I am the former head of policy in the
Prison Service, and was involved in the creation of the sentence.</span><span style="color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: #121212; font-size: 15pt;">IPP was the invention of David Blunkett in 2001,
against the advice of officials. He rejected the scheme for violent or sexual
offenders proposed in a Home Office review of sentencing (<a href="https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http:/www.homeoffice.gov.uk/documents/halliday-report-sppu/chap-1-2-halliday2835.pdf?view=Binary" title=""><span style="color: #e05e00;">Making Punishments Work</span></a>),
namely a determinate sentence with a review of the release date by the Parole
Board, and a supervisory period that could be extended by the court.</span><span style="color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #121212; font-size: 15pt;">Instead he mandated the IPP and it was applied
precisely as intended and as set down in statute, with all the consequences
that officials pointed out at the time. Most importantly, its application was
mandatory upon the courts on a second conviction for a sexual or violent
offence, however minor the actual behaviour. One of its first uses was where a
man had squeezed a woman’s breast at a bus stop, and had a previous similar
conviction: the court was obliged to impose an IPP. All the problems that have
come to pass were glaringly apparent in that conviction.</span><span style="color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #121212; font-size: 15pt;">Nicolas Sanderson</span></b><span style="color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="color: #121212; font-size: 15pt;">London</span></i><span style="color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #121212; font-size: 15pt;">The mental anguish inflicted on nearly 2,600 people
serving the discredited and now abolished IPP is indicated in the shocking
self-harm rates for this group. IPP prisoners are more than twice as likely to
self-harm as people serving determinate sentences, with 872 incidents of
self-harm per 1,000 IPP prisoners – a rate that has more than doubled over the
past five years. In advice to ministers published in 2016, the Parole Board set
out policy options for expediting the release of the remaining IPP population,
as well as dealing with the growing problem of IPP recalls.</span><span style="color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background: rgb(254 , 249 , 245); color: #121212; font-family: "" "georgia" "" , serif; font-size: 15pt;">Read more</span><span style="color: #c70000; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #121212; font-size: 15pt;">Without further legislation the board estimated
that more than 1,000 IPP prisoners will remain stuck in the system by 2020,
eight years after the sentence was abolished. Proposals for reform include
conversion of IPP sentences into their equivalent determinate sentence, which
could start with those on the shortest tariffs who have experienced the
greatest injustice, and improvements to the licence conditions and support
available to IPP prisoners on release. The government should finish the job it
started and eradicate a stain on our justice system once and for all.</span><span style="color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #121212; font-size: 15pt;">Mark Day</span></b><span style="color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="color: #121212; font-size: 15pt;">Head of policy and communications, Prison Reform
Trust</span></i><span style="color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><i><span style="color: #121212; font-size: 15pt;">• Join the debate – email <a href="mailto:guardian.letters@theguardian.com">guardian.letters@theguardian.com</a></span></i></b><span style="color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #121212; font-size: 15pt;">Debate <a href="https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2019-06-11/debates/2592FEF3-7781-412F-808A-BA500398BD7B/ImprisonmentForPublicProtection?highlight=ipp%20prisoners%20report#contribution-8ED5D1E1-8EA2-4A84-8976-2330A1DFEA8E"><span style="color: blue;">https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2019-06-11/debates/2592FEF3-7781-412F-808A-BA500398BD7B/ImprisonmentForPublicProtection?highlight=ipp%20prisoners%20report#contribution-8ED5D1E1-8EA2-4A84-8976-2330A1DFEA8E</span></a></span><span style="color: #121212; font-family: "georgia" , serif; font-size: 13pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "arial"; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "arial"; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "arial"; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/SN06086">https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/SN06086</a></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "arial"; font-size: medium;"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "arial"; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "arial"; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.ppo.gov.uk/document/fii-report/">https://www.ppo.gov.uk/document/fii-report/</a></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "arial"; font-size: medium;"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "arial"; font-size: medium;"></span></b><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "arial"; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.buzzfeed.c/">https://www.buzzfeed.c</a></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "arial"; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.hsj.co.uk/quality-and-performance/prisoners-face-year-long-waits-for-hospital-beds/7025144.article">https://www.hsj.co.uk/quality-and-performance/prisoners-face-year-long-waits-for-hospital-beds/7025144.article</a></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";">
<span style="color: #0000ee; font-family: "arial" , "arial"; font-size: medium; font-weight: 700;">https://www.nottinghampost.com/news/nottingham-news/inquest-death-hmp-nottingham-inmate-2946748</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #3e4c4d; font-family: "arial";"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="color: black; font-family: "calibri";"><a href="https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2017/08/im-blame-blunketts-indefinite-prison-sentences-and-thousands-still-locked">https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2017/08/im-blame-blunketts-indefinite-prison-sentences-and-thousands-still-locked</a></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><a href="https://www.nottinghampost.com/news/nottingham-news/inmate-found-dead-cell-hmp-2952418">https://www.nottinghampost.com/news/nottingham-news/inmate-found-dead-cell-hmp-2952418</a></span></div>
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katherine Gleesonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05085291495683268093noreply@blogger.com0